The optimal allocation of foreign resources requires a minimum level of domestic development,including financial development to benefit from the potential benefits of foreign direct investment.This study discusses the...The optimal allocation of foreign resources requires a minimum level of domestic development,including financial development to benefit from the potential benefits of foreign direct investment.This study discusses the mediating role of financial development in the effect of foreign direct investment on economic growth and establishes the banking sector threshold for the 18 least developed African countries over the period 2000 to 2020.We used the generalized method of moments(GMM)and the threshold regression(TR)as part of the dynamic panel data model.The results show the non-significant contribution of foreign direct investment and the banking sector to economic growth.After interaction,the effect of foreign direct investment becomes positive but not significant.However,the coefficient of the interaction variable is significantly negative.This implies that the financial system is unable to allocate foreign resources efficiently.For this reason,this paper resorted to applying the threshold regression to determine the minimum threshold of the banking sector and established a threshold of 74.58%.It therefore becomes necessary for the 18 least developed African countries to develop the financial system in order to get full benefits of foreign direct investment.展开更多
This study aims to identify the key factors influencing the adoption of generative AI(GenAI)by Vietnamese banks and highlight the challenges and opportunities in digital transformation.It extends the technology-organi...This study aims to identify the key factors influencing the adoption of generative AI(GenAI)by Vietnamese banks and highlight the challenges and opportunities in digital transformation.It extends the technology-organization-environment(TOE)framework to incorporate GenAI-specific factors in the Vietnamese banking sector,characterized by rapid digitization and stringent regulations.A survey yielded 236 valid responses.The data were analyzed via partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLSSEM).The key factors identified include organizational readiness(OR),compatibility(CPT),competitive pressure(CP),complexity(CPL),relative advantage(RA),firm size(FS),and government support(GS).OR emerged as the most influential factor because of a robust IT infrastructure and skilled personnel.CPT and CP were also significant,driving banks to adopt GenAI for a competitive edge.However,CPL presents challenges,requiring simpler AI solutions and clear risk mitigation policies.This study enhances the understanding of GenAI adoption within the Vietnamese banking sector,emphasizing the importance of tailored strategies for different bank sizes and the critical role of technology readiness for effective integration.The findings provide actionable insights into banks navigating their digital transformation journeys.展开更多
With the advancement of globalization,South Korea has become a key destination for international students.However,these students often face challenges in adapting to daily life,particularly when using mobile banking a...With the advancement of globalization,South Korea has become a key destination for international students.However,these students often face challenges in adapting to daily life,particularly when using mobile banking applications,due to insufficient language support,cultural differences,and complex operational procedures.This study focuses on Chinese international students and analyzes the UI/UX design of mobile banking applications offered by Kookmin Bank and Hana Bank.Through literature reviews and surveys,the study identifies limitations in language adaptability,functionality layout,user interaction,and cultural adaptation,proposing concrete design improvements.The findings indicate that optimizing UI/UX design can significantly enhance international students’user experience and strengthen the global competitiveness of South Korean mobile banking services.This research provides reference material for designing for multicultural user groups and aims to promote research and practice in cross-cultural UI/UX design.展开更多
As part of its longstanding commitment to advancing cultural exchange between China and Singapore,Bank of China Singapore Branch is supporting a major cultural initiative-the exhibition“Journeys through Mountains and...As part of its longstanding commitment to advancing cultural exchange between China and Singapore,Bank of China Singapore Branch is supporting a major cultural initiative-the exhibition“Journeys through Mountains and Rivers in Ming and Qing Painting”presented by the China Culture Centre in Singapore from November 1,2025,to January 18,2026.展开更多
This study aims to explore the relationship between the driving factors,implementation measures,and effects of financial management digital transformation in the banking industry in Jinan,Shandong Province,China.Faced...This study aims to explore the relationship between the driving factors,implementation measures,and effects of financial management digital transformation in the banking industry in Jinan,Shandong Province,China.Faced with intense competition driven by advancements in financial technology,evolving customer demands,and policy support,digital transformation has become a critical strategy for enhancing operational efficiency and market competitiveness.Leveraging the researcher's extensive professional experience and employing scientific research methods and tools,the study conducted an online survey across multiple banking institutions in Jinan,collecting 305 valid responses from senior management,financial department heads,IT personnel,middle management,and financial and audit staff.The questionnaire was designed around key dimensions of financial management digital transformation,including driving factors,implementation measures,and effect evaluation,covering variables such as technology adoption,process optimization,employee training,data security,and organizational adjustments.Quantitative analysis methods,including reliability analysis,validity analysis,descriptive analysis,regression analysis,and chi-square independence tests,were used to ensure data quality and uncover inherent patterns.The findings reveal significant relationships between driving factors(e.g.,financial technology advancements,market demand,and policy support)and transformation effects(e.g.,operational efficiency,resource allocation,and customer experience),with notable differences in implementation outcomes across different types of banks.Based on these insights,the study provides strategic recommendations for optimizing digital transformation in Jinan's banking industry,aiming to enhance operational efficiency,improve financial service quality,and support sustainable industry development.展开更多
This study aims to understand the implementation of artificial intelligence(AI)-enabled technology in banking from a user perspective.For this purpose,we examine customer intention to adopt ChatGPT(Generative Pretrain...This study aims to understand the implementation of artificial intelligence(AI)-enabled technology in banking from a user perspective.For this purpose,we examine customer intention to adopt ChatGPT(Generative Pretrained Transformer)in performing banking services.To assess the study objectives,this research integrates two well-established technology models,namely,the Task-Technology Fit(TTF)Model and the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM).This study employed a quantitative research approach and utilized a survey-based questionnaire to collect primary data from banking customers.We analyzed a total of 424 valid responses via the partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)approach for the results and estimations.The results of this study indicate that the TTF and TAM have a positive and significant effect on customers’intention to adopt ChatGPT in banking services.Additionally,this research revealed that ChatGPT knowledge plays a significant role as a moderator in predicting user intentions toward ChatGPT adoption.Our findings provide unique insights into the contemporary concept of AI-enabled technology adoption in the banking sector.This study highlights various aspects of the theoretical and managerial implications for managers and academicians.Theoretically,this study provides an in-depth analysis by integrating the TTF with an extended TAM.Practically,the findings of this study enhance strategic planning and informed decisions in the banking sector regarding the use of ChatGPT.This study also assumes that this is the first attempt in the Pakistani banking sector to analyze customer intentions to adopt ChatGPT in their banking transactions.Finally,our study limitations provide a discussion forum for subsequent studies that adapt or imitate our methodology in other demographics or countries.This will encourage the development of AI technologies in financial companies.展开更多
Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation calls for 'at least 75 per cent of threatened plant species in ex situ collections, preferably in the country of origin, and at least 20 per cent available fo...Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation calls for 'at least 75 per cent of threatened plant species in ex situ collections, preferably in the country of origin, and at least 20 per cent available for recovery and restoration programmes by 2020'.Botanic gardens make a significant contribution to ex situ conservation of wild species with more than a third of plant species represented in botanic gardens collections. These collections are a combination of living collection and seed banked material. Seed banking can provide an efficient form of conservation for wild plant genetic diversity.Information from Botanic Gardens Conservation International's(BGCI) databases(GardenSearch,PlantSearch, ThreatSearch and GlobalTreeSearch) has been analysed as well as survey data to report on global, regional and national seed banking trends.Information from BGCI's databases indicates that there are at least 350 seed banking botanic gardens in 74 countries. In total 56,987 taxa have been banked including more than 9000 taxa that are threatened with extinction. 6881 tree species are stored in ex situ seed bank collections. More than half(3562) of these tree species are single country endemics and represent species from more than 166 countries.This study suggests that institutions are increasingly conserving plant species via seed banking.However the majority of species in collections that have a conservation assessment are not threatened with extinction. This disjunction between species that are threatened and those conserved in seed banks needs to be addressed. Data from BGCI's databases can be used to enable prioritisation of threatened plant species for collection and conservation in seed banks. Further recommendations for botanic gardens involved in seed conservation are presented.展开更多
With the progress of society, there is an increasing need to tackle disorders of the central nervous system. Human brain tissue, unlike animal tissues, is an irreplaceable resource for the study of neurological diseas...With the progress of society, there is an increasing need to tackle disorders of the central nervous system. Human brain tissue, unlike animal tissues, is an irreplaceable resource for the study of neurological diseases (1)Aimed at scientific research and education, the roles of human brain tissue repositories are to acquire brain tissue from donors, prepare, process, and preserve collected samples,provide tissue to specific eligible facilities, and determine the characteristics of each tissue sample.展开更多
Advances in cellular and molecular biology underpin most current therapeutic advances in medicine.Such advances for neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are hindered by the lack of similar specimens. It is beco...Advances in cellular and molecular biology underpin most current therapeutic advances in medicine.Such advances for neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are hindered by the lack of similar specimens. It is becoming increasingly evident that greater access to human brain tissue is necessary to understand both the cellular biology of these diseases and their variation. Research in these areas is vital to the development of viable therapeutic options for these currently untreatable diseases. The development and coordination of human brain specimen collection through brain banks is evolving. This perspective article from the Sydney Brain Bank reviews data concerning the best ways to collect and store material for different research purposes.展开更多
Blockchain technology is a core,underlying technology with promising application prospects in the banking industry.On one hand,the banking industry in China is facing the impact of interest rate liberalization and pro...Blockchain technology is a core,underlying technology with promising application prospects in the banking industry.On one hand,the banking industry in China is facing the impact of interest rate liberalization and profit decline caused by the narrowing interest-rate spread.On the other hand,it is also affected by economic transformation,Internet development,and financial innovations.Hence,the banking industry requires urgent transformation and is seeking new growth avenues.As such,blockchains could revolutionize the underlying technology of the payment clearing and credit information systems in banks,thus upgrading and transforming them.Blockchain applications also promote the formation of“multi-center,weakly intermediated”scenarios,which will enhance the efficiency of the banking industry.However,despite the permissionless and self-governing nature of blockchains,the regulation and actual implementation of a decentralized system are problems that remain to be resolved.Therefore,we propose the urgent establishment of a“regulatory sandbox”and the development of industry standards.展开更多
The development of Financial Technology(FinTech)in areas such as mobile Internet,cloud computing,big data,search engines,and blockchain technology have significantly changed the financial industry.FinTech is expected ...The development of Financial Technology(FinTech)in areas such as mobile Internet,cloud computing,big data,search engines,and blockchain technology have significantly changed the financial industry.FinTech is expected to overturn the traditional banking business model,forcing banks to upgrade and transform.This study adopts a comparative case study method to contrast and analyze the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China(ICBC)and Citibank.It analyzes the strategies,organizations,HR systems,and product innovations adopted by these two banks in response to the impact of FinTech.This paper proposes an“electric vehicle”mode for ICBC and an“airplane mode”for Citibank.Further,it describes the difficulties encountered by the Chinese banking industry and proposes some feasible ways to upgrade.“Technology power”will become the core competitive concept for the financial institutions of the future.展开更多
There is fierce global competition within the banking industry.Therefore,banks endeavor to grow and strive to increase their market share.We analyzed the effect of developing innovative channels of presenting bank ser...There is fierce global competition within the banking industry.Therefore,banks endeavor to grow and strive to increase their market share.We analyzed the effect of developing innovative channels of presenting bank services on banks’market share.The statistical population of this research was Shahr bank’s central headquarter and its branches in Tehran,Iran.We developed questionnaires for gathering the data.The validity and reliability of the scales were tested by EFA,CFA,experts’opinion,and Cronbach’s alpha.We used linear regression to assess the impact of innovative channels,including internet banking,automatic teller machines(ATMs),mobile banking,telephone banking(TB),and point of sales(POS)on banks’market share.The results indicated that some of these channels,including internet banking,POS,and TB,positively affect a bank’s market share.The effect of two other platforms,including mobile banking and ATM development,on banks’market share was rejected.The findings of this study expand our understanding of how bank managers can improve their market share by developing innovative e-banking channels.展开更多
Medical research in regenerative medicine and cellbased therapy has brought encouraging perspectives for the use of stem cells in clinical trials. Multiple types of stem cells, from progenitors to pluripotent stem cel...Medical research in regenerative medicine and cellbased therapy has brought encouraging perspectives for the use of stem cells in clinical trials. Multiple types of stem cells, from progenitors to pluripotent stem cells, have been investigated. Among these, dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs) are mesenchymal multipotent cells coming from the dental pulp, which is the soft tissue within teeth. They represent an interesting adult stem cell source because they are recovered in large amount in dental pulps with non-invasive techniques compared to other adult stem cell sources. DPSCs can be obtained from discarded teeth, especially wisdom teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons. To shift from promising preclinical results to therapeutic applications to human, DPSCs must be prepared in clinical grade lots and transformed into advanced therapy medicinal products(ATMP). As the production of patient-specific stem cells is costly and time-consuming, allogenic biobanking of clinical grade human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-typed DPSC lines provides efficient innovative therapeutic products. DPSC biobanks represent industrial and therapeutic innovations by using discarded biological tissues(dental pulps) as a source of mesenchymal stem cells to produce and store, in good manufacturing practice(GMP) conditions, DPSC therapeutic batches. In this review, we discuss about the challenges to transfer biological samples from a donor to HLA-typed DPSC therapeutic lots, following regulations, GMP guidelines and ethical principles. We also present some clinical applications, for which there is no efficient therapeutics so far, but that DPSCs-based ATMP could potentially treat.展开更多
Human brain banks collect,preserve,and distribute postmortem and biopsied brain samples for histological,pathological,and molecular research.Different from the western countries,human brain banking in China has remain...Human brain banks collect,preserve,and distribute postmortem and biopsied brain samples for histological,pathological,and molecular research.Different from the western countries,human brain banking in China has remained preliminary over decades.However,joint efforts during the past few years have substantially promoted this key frontier of neuroscience in China.This special topic brings together review and perspective articles on the ethical,administrative,and practical issues of brain banking.Several original studies report molecular and pathological characterizations based on banked human brain samples.展开更多
This paper presents an analytical framework that describes the business model of banks.It draws on the classical theory of banking and the literature on digital transformation.It provides an explanation for existing t...This paper presents an analytical framework that describes the business model of banks.It draws on the classical theory of banking and the literature on digital transformation.It provides an explanation for existing trends and,by extending the theory of the banking firm,it illustrates how financial intermediation will be impacted by innovative financial technology applications.It further reviews the options that established banks will have to consider in order to mitigate the threat to their profitability.Deposit taking and lending are considered in the context of the challenge made from shadow banking and the all-digital banks.The paper contributes to an understanding of the future of banking,providing a framework for scholarly empirical investigation.In the discussion,four possible strategies are proposed for market participants,(1)customer retention,(2)customer acquisition,(3)banking as a service and(4)social media payment platforms.It is concluded that,in an increasingly digital world,trust will remain at the core of banking.That said,liquidity transformation will still have an important role to play.The nature of banking and financial services,however,will change dramatically.展开更多
Background:Given the importance of customers as the most valuable assets of organizations,customer retention seems to be an essential,basic requirement for any organization.Banks are no exception to this rule.The comp...Background:Given the importance of customers as the most valuable assets of organizations,customer retention seems to be an essential,basic requirement for any organization.Banks are no exception to this rule.The competitive atmosphere within which electronic banking services are provided by different banks increases the necessity of customer retention.Methods:Being based on existing information technologies which allow one to collect data from organizations’databases,data mining introduces a powerful tool for the extraction of knowledge from huge amounts of data.In this research,the decision tree technique was applied to build a model incorporating this knowledge.Results:The results represent the characteristics of churned customers.Conclusions:Bank managers can identify churners in future using the results of decision tree.They should be provide some strategies for customers whose features are getting more likely to churner’s features.展开更多
In the context of an aging population, the promotion of time banking as a new model of voluntary service can help alleviate the ever–increasing pressures for elderly care and services in China. The development of tim...In the context of an aging population, the promotion of time banking as a new model of voluntary service can help alleviate the ever–increasing pressures for elderly care and services in China. The development of time banking in China has successively undergone the stage of traditional practice, the stage of infancy and exploration, as well as the stage of accelerated growth. Meanwhile, this process has also witnessed the formation of many localized innovations. To further the localization and innovation of time banking, this paper analyzes its basis in traditional culture, summarizes its process of practice and explores new directions of future innovation. Based on the summary of existing problems, this paper proposes to enhance the recognition of time banking among the public, facilitate localized innovation of time banking, promote its informatization, and involve the participation of young people, particularly college students.展开更多
In the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,the banking and financial institutions in Jingzhou City,Hubei Province,under the guidance of the Jingzhou Branch of the People's Bank of China,strive to i...In the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,the banking and financial institutions in Jingzhou City,Hubei Province,under the guidance of the Jingzhou Branch of the People's Bank of China,strive to improve and develop the financial service system adapted to the characteristics of the countryside in the new period.It has innovated financial service products,improved the quality and efficiency of financial services,increased financial support,and achieved remarkable results.On the basis of the investigation,combined with the relevant written materials and statistical data collected,this paper makes an empirical study on the reality of the city's banking and financial institutions serving the revitalization of rural areas.展开更多
The legal and ethical issues in brain banking are numerous.The post-mortem removal and retention of organs as well as research with human tissue and genetic information,have posed various dilemmas in the fields of law...The legal and ethical issues in brain banking are numerous.The post-mortem removal and retention of organs as well as research with human tissue and genetic information,have posed various dilemmas in the fields of law and ethics.Due to the relative novelty of these issues,the law is often lacking in clear instructions and unambiguous guidelines.The ethical problems specifically involving post-mortem cell and tissue banking for research purposes are not always specifically taken into account.This means that a brain bank frequently does not qualify for a certain well-defined legal regime.Because of this and the fact that the existing regimes differ significantly throughout the world,many uncertainties arise for the initiation and management of brain banks.Guidelines on informed consent,confidentiality,financial sustainability,accountability,and transparency are conditions sine qua non for the good conduct of a professional brain bank and are briefly highlighted.展开更多
文摘The optimal allocation of foreign resources requires a minimum level of domestic development,including financial development to benefit from the potential benefits of foreign direct investment.This study discusses the mediating role of financial development in the effect of foreign direct investment on economic growth and establishes the banking sector threshold for the 18 least developed African countries over the period 2000 to 2020.We used the generalized method of moments(GMM)and the threshold regression(TR)as part of the dynamic panel data model.The results show the non-significant contribution of foreign direct investment and the banking sector to economic growth.After interaction,the effect of foreign direct investment becomes positive but not significant.However,the coefficient of the interaction variable is significantly negative.This implies that the financial system is unable to allocate foreign resources efficiently.For this reason,this paper resorted to applying the threshold regression to determine the minimum threshold of the banking sector and established a threshold of 74.58%.It therefore becomes necessary for the 18 least developed African countries to develop the financial system in order to get full benefits of foreign direct investment.
文摘This study aims to identify the key factors influencing the adoption of generative AI(GenAI)by Vietnamese banks and highlight the challenges and opportunities in digital transformation.It extends the technology-organization-environment(TOE)framework to incorporate GenAI-specific factors in the Vietnamese banking sector,characterized by rapid digitization and stringent regulations.A survey yielded 236 valid responses.The data were analyzed via partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLSSEM).The key factors identified include organizational readiness(OR),compatibility(CPT),competitive pressure(CP),complexity(CPL),relative advantage(RA),firm size(FS),and government support(GS).OR emerged as the most influential factor because of a robust IT infrastructure and skilled personnel.CPT and CP were also significant,driving banks to adopt GenAI for a competitive edge.However,CPL presents challenges,requiring simpler AI solutions and clear risk mitigation policies.This study enhances the understanding of GenAI adoption within the Vietnamese banking sector,emphasizing the importance of tailored strategies for different bank sizes and the critical role of technology readiness for effective integration.The findings provide actionable insights into banks navigating their digital transformation journeys.
文摘With the advancement of globalization,South Korea has become a key destination for international students.However,these students often face challenges in adapting to daily life,particularly when using mobile banking applications,due to insufficient language support,cultural differences,and complex operational procedures.This study focuses on Chinese international students and analyzes the UI/UX design of mobile banking applications offered by Kookmin Bank and Hana Bank.Through literature reviews and surveys,the study identifies limitations in language adaptability,functionality layout,user interaction,and cultural adaptation,proposing concrete design improvements.The findings indicate that optimizing UI/UX design can significantly enhance international students’user experience and strengthen the global competitiveness of South Korean mobile banking services.This research provides reference material for designing for multicultural user groups and aims to promote research and practice in cross-cultural UI/UX design.
文摘As part of its longstanding commitment to advancing cultural exchange between China and Singapore,Bank of China Singapore Branch is supporting a major cultural initiative-the exhibition“Journeys through Mountains and Rivers in Ming and Qing Painting”presented by the China Culture Centre in Singapore from November 1,2025,to January 18,2026.
文摘This study aims to explore the relationship between the driving factors,implementation measures,and effects of financial management digital transformation in the banking industry in Jinan,Shandong Province,China.Faced with intense competition driven by advancements in financial technology,evolving customer demands,and policy support,digital transformation has become a critical strategy for enhancing operational efficiency and market competitiveness.Leveraging the researcher's extensive professional experience and employing scientific research methods and tools,the study conducted an online survey across multiple banking institutions in Jinan,collecting 305 valid responses from senior management,financial department heads,IT personnel,middle management,and financial and audit staff.The questionnaire was designed around key dimensions of financial management digital transformation,including driving factors,implementation measures,and effect evaluation,covering variables such as technology adoption,process optimization,employee training,data security,and organizational adjustments.Quantitative analysis methods,including reliability analysis,validity analysis,descriptive analysis,regression analysis,and chi-square independence tests,were used to ensure data quality and uncover inherent patterns.The findings reveal significant relationships between driving factors(e.g.,financial technology advancements,market demand,and policy support)and transformation effects(e.g.,operational efficiency,resource allocation,and customer experience),with notable differences in implementation outcomes across different types of banks.Based on these insights,the study provides strategic recommendations for optimizing digital transformation in Jinan's banking industry,aiming to enhance operational efficiency,improve financial service quality,and support sustainable industry development.
文摘This study aims to understand the implementation of artificial intelligence(AI)-enabled technology in banking from a user perspective.For this purpose,we examine customer intention to adopt ChatGPT(Generative Pretrained Transformer)in performing banking services.To assess the study objectives,this research integrates two well-established technology models,namely,the Task-Technology Fit(TTF)Model and the Technology Acceptance Model(TAM).This study employed a quantitative research approach and utilized a survey-based questionnaire to collect primary data from banking customers.We analyzed a total of 424 valid responses via the partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)approach for the results and estimations.The results of this study indicate that the TTF and TAM have a positive and significant effect on customers’intention to adopt ChatGPT in banking services.Additionally,this research revealed that ChatGPT knowledge plays a significant role as a moderator in predicting user intentions toward ChatGPT adoption.Our findings provide unique insights into the contemporary concept of AI-enabled technology adoption in the banking sector.This study highlights various aspects of the theoretical and managerial implications for managers and academicians.Theoretically,this study provides an in-depth analysis by integrating the TTF with an extended TAM.Practically,the findings of this study enhance strategic planning and informed decisions in the banking sector regarding the use of ChatGPT.This study also assumes that this is the first attempt in the Pakistani banking sector to analyze customer intentions to adopt ChatGPT in their banking transactions.Finally,our study limitations provide a discussion forum for subsequent studies that adapt or imitate our methodology in other demographics or countries.This will encourage the development of AI technologies in financial companies.
文摘Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation calls for 'at least 75 per cent of threatened plant species in ex situ collections, preferably in the country of origin, and at least 20 per cent available for recovery and restoration programmes by 2020'.Botanic gardens make a significant contribution to ex situ conservation of wild species with more than a third of plant species represented in botanic gardens collections. These collections are a combination of living collection and seed banked material. Seed banking can provide an efficient form of conservation for wild plant genetic diversity.Information from Botanic Gardens Conservation International's(BGCI) databases(GardenSearch,PlantSearch, ThreatSearch and GlobalTreeSearch) has been analysed as well as survey data to report on global, regional and national seed banking trends.Information from BGCI's databases indicates that there are at least 350 seed banking botanic gardens in 74 countries. In total 56,987 taxa have been banked including more than 9000 taxa that are threatened with extinction. 6881 tree species are stored in ex situ seed bank collections. More than half(3562) of these tree species are single country endemics and represent species from more than 166 countries.This study suggests that institutions are increasingly conserving plant species via seed banking.However the majority of species in collections that have a conservation assessment are not threatened with extinction. This disjunction between species that are threatened and those conserved in seed banks needs to be addressed. Data from BGCI's databases can be used to enable prioritisation of threatened plant species for collection and conservation in seed banks. Further recommendations for botanic gardens involved in seed conservation are presented.
文摘With the progress of society, there is an increasing need to tackle disorders of the central nervous system. Human brain tissue, unlike animal tissues, is an irreplaceable resource for the study of neurological diseases (1)Aimed at scientific research and education, the roles of human brain tissue repositories are to acquire brain tissue from donors, prepare, process, and preserve collected samples,provide tissue to specific eligible facilities, and determine the characteristics of each tissue sample.
基金funding for the facility from the University of New South Wales and Neuroscience Research Australia
文摘Advances in cellular and molecular biology underpin most current therapeutic advances in medicine.Such advances for neurological and neurodegenerative diseases are hindered by the lack of similar specimens. It is becoming increasingly evident that greater access to human brain tissue is necessary to understand both the cellular biology of these diseases and their variation. Research in these areas is vital to the development of viable therapeutic options for these currently untreatable diseases. The development and coordination of human brain specimen collection through brain banks is evolving. This perspective article from the Sydney Brain Bank reviews data concerning the best ways to collect and store material for different research purposes.
文摘Blockchain technology is a core,underlying technology with promising application prospects in the banking industry.On one hand,the banking industry in China is facing the impact of interest rate liberalization and profit decline caused by the narrowing interest-rate spread.On the other hand,it is also affected by economic transformation,Internet development,and financial innovations.Hence,the banking industry requires urgent transformation and is seeking new growth avenues.As such,blockchains could revolutionize the underlying technology of the payment clearing and credit information systems in banks,thus upgrading and transforming them.Blockchain applications also promote the formation of“multi-center,weakly intermediated”scenarios,which will enhance the efficiency of the banking industry.However,despite the permissionless and self-governing nature of blockchains,the regulation and actual implementation of a decentralized system are problems that remain to be resolved.Therefore,we propose the urgent establishment of a“regulatory sandbox”and the development of industry standards.
基金This manuscript has sponsored by(531-541009)from the Advanced Institute of Finance,Sun Yat-sen University.
文摘The development of Financial Technology(FinTech)in areas such as mobile Internet,cloud computing,big data,search engines,and blockchain technology have significantly changed the financial industry.FinTech is expected to overturn the traditional banking business model,forcing banks to upgrade and transform.This study adopts a comparative case study method to contrast and analyze the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China(ICBC)and Citibank.It analyzes the strategies,organizations,HR systems,and product innovations adopted by these two banks in response to the impact of FinTech.This paper proposes an“electric vehicle”mode for ICBC and an“airplane mode”for Citibank.Further,it describes the difficulties encountered by the Chinese banking industry and proposes some feasible ways to upgrade.“Technology power”will become the core competitive concept for the financial institutions of the future.
文摘There is fierce global competition within the banking industry.Therefore,banks endeavor to grow and strive to increase their market share.We analyzed the effect of developing innovative channels of presenting bank services on banks’market share.The statistical population of this research was Shahr bank’s central headquarter and its branches in Tehran,Iran.We developed questionnaires for gathering the data.The validity and reliability of the scales were tested by EFA,CFA,experts’opinion,and Cronbach’s alpha.We used linear regression to assess the impact of innovative channels,including internet banking,automatic teller machines(ATMs),mobile banking,telephone banking(TB),and point of sales(POS)on banks’market share.The results indicated that some of these channels,including internet banking,POS,and TB,positively affect a bank’s market share.The effect of two other platforms,including mobile banking and ATM development,on banks’market share was rejected.The findings of this study expand our understanding of how bank managers can improve their market share by developing innovative e-banking channels.
文摘Medical research in regenerative medicine and cellbased therapy has brought encouraging perspectives for the use of stem cells in clinical trials. Multiple types of stem cells, from progenitors to pluripotent stem cells, have been investigated. Among these, dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs) are mesenchymal multipotent cells coming from the dental pulp, which is the soft tissue within teeth. They represent an interesting adult stem cell source because they are recovered in large amount in dental pulps with non-invasive techniques compared to other adult stem cell sources. DPSCs can be obtained from discarded teeth, especially wisdom teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons. To shift from promising preclinical results to therapeutic applications to human, DPSCs must be prepared in clinical grade lots and transformed into advanced therapy medicinal products(ATMP). As the production of patient-specific stem cells is costly and time-consuming, allogenic biobanking of clinical grade human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-typed DPSC lines provides efficient innovative therapeutic products. DPSC biobanks represent industrial and therapeutic innovations by using discarded biological tissues(dental pulps) as a source of mesenchymal stem cells to produce and store, in good manufacturing practice(GMP) conditions, DPSC therapeutic batches. In this review, we discuss about the challenges to transfer biological samples from a donor to HLA-typed DPSC therapeutic lots, following regulations, GMP guidelines and ethical principles. We also present some clinical applications, for which there is no efficient therapeutics so far, but that DPSCs-based ATMP could potentially treat.
文摘Human brain banks collect,preserve,and distribute postmortem and biopsied brain samples for histological,pathological,and molecular research.Different from the western countries,human brain banking in China has remained preliminary over decades.However,joint efforts during the past few years have substantially promoted this key frontier of neuroscience in China.This special topic brings together review and perspective articles on the ethical,administrative,and practical issues of brain banking.Several original studies report molecular and pathological characterizations based on banked human brain samples.
文摘This paper presents an analytical framework that describes the business model of banks.It draws on the classical theory of banking and the literature on digital transformation.It provides an explanation for existing trends and,by extending the theory of the banking firm,it illustrates how financial intermediation will be impacted by innovative financial technology applications.It further reviews the options that established banks will have to consider in order to mitigate the threat to their profitability.Deposit taking and lending are considered in the context of the challenge made from shadow banking and the all-digital banks.The paper contributes to an understanding of the future of banking,providing a framework for scholarly empirical investigation.In the discussion,four possible strategies are proposed for market participants,(1)customer retention,(2)customer acquisition,(3)banking as a service and(4)social media payment platforms.It is concluded that,in an increasingly digital world,trust will remain at the core of banking.That said,liquidity transformation will still have an important role to play.The nature of banking and financial services,however,will change dramatically.
文摘Background:Given the importance of customers as the most valuable assets of organizations,customer retention seems to be an essential,basic requirement for any organization.Banks are no exception to this rule.The competitive atmosphere within which electronic banking services are provided by different banks increases the necessity of customer retention.Methods:Being based on existing information technologies which allow one to collect data from organizations’databases,data mining introduces a powerful tool for the extraction of knowledge from huge amounts of data.In this research,the decision tree technique was applied to build a model incorporating this knowledge.Results:The results represent the characteristics of churned customers.Conclusions:Bank managers can identify churners in future using the results of decision tree.They should be provide some strategies for customers whose features are getting more likely to churner’s features.
文摘In the context of an aging population, the promotion of time banking as a new model of voluntary service can help alleviate the ever–increasing pressures for elderly care and services in China. The development of time banking in China has successively undergone the stage of traditional practice, the stage of infancy and exploration, as well as the stage of accelerated growth. Meanwhile, this process has also witnessed the formation of many localized innovations. To further the localization and innovation of time banking, this paper analyzes its basis in traditional culture, summarizes its process of practice and explores new directions of future innovation. Based on the summary of existing problems, this paper proposes to enhance the recognition of time banking among the public, facilitate localized innovation of time banking, promote its informatization, and involve the participation of young people, particularly college students.
文摘In the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,the banking and financial institutions in Jingzhou City,Hubei Province,under the guidance of the Jingzhou Branch of the People's Bank of China,strive to improve and develop the financial service system adapted to the characteristics of the countryside in the new period.It has innovated financial service products,improved the quality and efficiency of financial services,increased financial support,and achieved remarkable results.On the basis of the investigation,combined with the relevant written materials and statistical data collected,this paper makes an empirical study on the reality of the city's banking and financial institutions serving the revitalization of rural areas.
文摘The legal and ethical issues in brain banking are numerous.The post-mortem removal and retention of organs as well as research with human tissue and genetic information,have posed various dilemmas in the fields of law and ethics.Due to the relative novelty of these issues,the law is often lacking in clear instructions and unambiguous guidelines.The ethical problems specifically involving post-mortem cell and tissue banking for research purposes are not always specifically taken into account.This means that a brain bank frequently does not qualify for a certain well-defined legal regime.Because of this and the fact that the existing regimes differ significantly throughout the world,many uncertainties arise for the initiation and management of brain banks.Guidelines on informed consent,confidentiality,financial sustainability,accountability,and transparency are conditions sine qua non for the good conduct of a professional brain bank and are briefly highlighted.
