Introduction:The Global Activity Limitation Indicator(GALI)offers a simpler and more efficient approach to measuring disability compared to traditional instruments.While GALI’s reliability has been validated across d...Introduction:The Global Activity Limitation Indicator(GALI)offers a simpler and more efficient approach to measuring disability compared to traditional instruments.While GALI’s reliability has been validated across different regions,its effectiveness is influenced by cultural differences.This study aims to assess GALI’s applicability in China and examine the relationships between GALI and mortality rates,as well as health human resources.Methods:We analyzed data from the Resident Health and Health Service Monitoring survey,a nationally representative cross-sectional survey conducted annually from 2019−2022.Multivariate and multinomial logistic regression models were employed to estimate odds ratios and activity limitation probabilities.Mixed effect models were used to explore county-level associations.Results:GALI demonstrated high response rates and reliability throughout the survey period.Significant associations were observed between GALI and traditional disability instruments,as well as disease prevalence.At the county level,GALI showed positive associations with mortality rates and negative associations with the number of physicians per thousand residents.Conclusions:GALI represents a reliable measure of disability for the Chinese mainland population and could serve as a potential predictor for cardiovascular diseases,respiratory system diseases,and unintentional injuries.Our findings suggest that increasing the number of physicians per thousand residents may be associated with reduced activity limitation,though additional research is needed to validate this relationship.展开更多
This work presents a novel electromagnetic driving system that consists of eight optimized electromagnets arranged in an optimal configuration and employs a control framework based on an active disturbance rejection c...This work presents a novel electromagnetic driving system that consists of eight optimized electromagnets arranged in an optimal configuration and employs a control framework based on an active disturbance rejection controller(ADRC)and virtual boundary.The optimal system configuration enhances the system’s compatibility with other ophthalmic surgical instruments,while also improving its capacity to generate magnetic force in the vertical direction.Besides,the optimal electromagnet parameters provide a superior comprehensive performance on magnetic field generation capacity and thermal power.Hence,the presented design achieves a stronger capacity for sustained work.Furthermore,the ADRC controller effectively monitors and further compensates the total disturbance as well as gravity to enhance the system’s robustness.Meanwhile,the implementation of virtual boundaries substantially enhances interactive security via collision avoidance.The magnetic and thermal performance tests have been performed on the electromagnet to verify the design optimization.The proposed electromagnet can generate a superior magnetic field of 2.071 mT at a distance of 65 mm with an applied current of 1 A.Moreover,it demonstrates minimal temperature elevation from room temperature(25℃)to 46℃ through natural heat dissipation in 3 h,thereby effectively supporting prolonged magnetic manipulation of intraocular microsurgery.Furthermore,trajectory tracking experiments with disturbances have been performed in a liquid environment similar to the practical ophthalmic surgery scenarios,to verify the robustness and security of the presented control framework.The maximum root mean square(RMS)error of performance tests in different operation modes remains 35.8μm,providing stable support for intraocular microsurgery.展开更多
基金The National Key Research and Development Plan of China(2022YFC3600800)The National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences(21&ZD186).
文摘Introduction:The Global Activity Limitation Indicator(GALI)offers a simpler and more efficient approach to measuring disability compared to traditional instruments.While GALI’s reliability has been validated across different regions,its effectiveness is influenced by cultural differences.This study aims to assess GALI’s applicability in China and examine the relationships between GALI and mortality rates,as well as health human resources.Methods:We analyzed data from the Resident Health and Health Service Monitoring survey,a nationally representative cross-sectional survey conducted annually from 2019−2022.Multivariate and multinomial logistic regression models were employed to estimate odds ratios and activity limitation probabilities.Mixed effect models were used to explore county-level associations.Results:GALI demonstrated high response rates and reliability throughout the survey period.Significant associations were observed between GALI and traditional disability instruments,as well as disease prevalence.At the county level,GALI showed positive associations with mortality rates and negative associations with the number of physicians per thousand residents.Conclusions:GALI represents a reliable measure of disability for the Chinese mainland population and could serve as a potential predictor for cardiovascular diseases,respiratory system diseases,and unintentional injuries.Our findings suggest that increasing the number of physicians per thousand residents may be associated with reduced activity limitation,though additional research is needed to validate this relationship.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 61973231,92148201,and 51721003).
文摘This work presents a novel electromagnetic driving system that consists of eight optimized electromagnets arranged in an optimal configuration and employs a control framework based on an active disturbance rejection controller(ADRC)and virtual boundary.The optimal system configuration enhances the system’s compatibility with other ophthalmic surgical instruments,while also improving its capacity to generate magnetic force in the vertical direction.Besides,the optimal electromagnet parameters provide a superior comprehensive performance on magnetic field generation capacity and thermal power.Hence,the presented design achieves a stronger capacity for sustained work.Furthermore,the ADRC controller effectively monitors and further compensates the total disturbance as well as gravity to enhance the system’s robustness.Meanwhile,the implementation of virtual boundaries substantially enhances interactive security via collision avoidance.The magnetic and thermal performance tests have been performed on the electromagnet to verify the design optimization.The proposed electromagnet can generate a superior magnetic field of 2.071 mT at a distance of 65 mm with an applied current of 1 A.Moreover,it demonstrates minimal temperature elevation from room temperature(25℃)to 46℃ through natural heat dissipation in 3 h,thereby effectively supporting prolonged magnetic manipulation of intraocular microsurgery.Furthermore,trajectory tracking experiments with disturbances have been performed in a liquid environment similar to the practical ophthalmic surgery scenarios,to verify the robustness and security of the presented control framework.The maximum root mean square(RMS)error of performance tests in different operation modes remains 35.8μm,providing stable support for intraocular microsurgery.
