Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene function that occur without alterations to the DNA sequence.Major epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation,histone modifications,chromatin remodeling,and the regula...Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene function that occur without alterations to the DNA sequence.Major epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation,histone modifications,chromatin remodeling,and the regulatory ac-tions of small RNAs and long noncoding RNAs(Allis and Jenuwein,2016).These layers of regulation are essential for modulating gene expression and are widely involved in the regulation of plant growth and development,as well as in responses to environmental cues(Hemenway and Gehring,2023).展开更多
Liver transplantation is hindered by organ shortage. The potential way to relieve this issue is to expand the donor pool via extending the donor criteria and make full use of all available grafts. The concept of “no-...Liver transplantation is hindered by organ shortage. The potential way to relieve this issue is to expand the donor pool via extending the donor criteria and make full use of all available grafts. The concept of “no-donor” liver transplantation allows grafts to be recovered from other liver recipients. This review summarizes the current clinical practice of “no-donor” liver transplantation, focusing on the experiences of Chinese transplant teams. Domino liver transplantation was introduced by Furtado in 1995 and implemented later in 2013 in China, and novel donor indications including some essential-to-treat inherited metabolic liver-based diseases have emerged. The concept of cross-auxiliary domino liver transplantation brings a further expansion of the domino liver graft pool, and the first pair of liver transplantation performed “rigorously without donation” was accomplished in our center in 2018. Our experience with this original transplantation procedure is hereby reviewed. In order to further promote and make successful “no-donor” liver transplantation, close co-operation between researchers, surgeons, physicians, organ procurement organizations, as well as ethical committees is required.展开更多
At the global themed event of 2025 Lanting Culture Salon:Chinese Calligraphy,we witnessed the inheritance and innovation of the art of calligraphy.Artists,based on the traditional calligraphy,incorporated new creativi...At the global themed event of 2025 Lanting Culture Salon:Chinese Calligraphy,we witnessed the inheritance and innovation of the art of calligraphy.Artists,based on the traditional calligraphy,incorporated new creativity and elements,having the art of calligraphy radiate new vitality and vigor.These activities broke through the traditional exhibition mode by adopting innovative forms such as digital interaction,cross-border creation and immersive experiences.This allowed the visitors to experience the charm of the art of calligraphy through interaction,further promoting communication and popularization of calligraphy culture.展开更多
Perched on crimson shoulders,Potala ascends a celestial stairway.Alabaster walls cradle golden roofs.Ancient stones murmur mantras,corridors breathe incense.Shadows dance with prayer flags,weaving time into silk.A sac...Perched on crimson shoulders,Potala ascends a celestial stairway.Alabaster walls cradle golden roofs.Ancient stones murmur mantras,corridors breathe incense.Shadows dance with prayer flags,weaving time into silk.A sacred place in pilgrims'hearts,it guards the soul of this snowy plateau stretching vastly across western China.展开更多
The color and pattern of watermelon rind are crucial external traits that directly affect consumer preferences.Watermelons with stripes having a stronger color than the background rind are ideal for studying stripe pa...The color and pattern of watermelon rind are crucial external traits that directly affect consumer preferences.Watermelons with stripes having a stronger color than the background rind are ideal for studying stripe patterns in plants,while there is still limited knowledge about the genetic mechanisms underlying stripe coloration due to the lack of germplasm resources.In this study,we focused on a watermelon germplasm with colorless stripes,and genetic analysis revealed that the trait is controlled by a single recessive gene.The gene Clsc(Citrullus lanatus stripe coloration),which is responsible for the colorless stripe,was localized into a 147.6 kb region on Chr9 by linkage analysis in a large F2 mapping population.Further analysis revealed that the Cla97C09G175170 gene encodes the APRR2 transcription factor,plays a crucial role in determining the watermelon colorless stripe phenotype and was deduced to be related to chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development.Physiological experiments indicated that Cla97C09G175170 may significantly influence chloroplast development and chlorophyll synthesis in watermelon.The results of this study provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of stripe coloration in watermelon and can be useful in the development of marker-assisted selection(MAS)for new watermelon cultivars.展开更多
Roots and reverence:The New Years Eve of ancestral traditions Unlike many Chinese families,who spend the New Years Eve watching the CCTV New Years Gala,my family assembles in the clan hall to honor our ancestors.This ...Roots and reverence:The New Years Eve of ancestral traditions Unlike many Chinese families,who spend the New Years Eve watching the CCTV New Years Gala,my family assembles in the clan hall to honor our ancestors.This ritual has been passed down for generations,and now it is our turn to carry it forward.展开更多
Traditional architecture,as a crucial component of human cultural heritage,conveys significant historical context and cultural significance while reflecting regional traits and national identity.Nevertheless,in the fa...Traditional architecture,as a crucial component of human cultural heritage,conveys significant historical context and cultural significance while reflecting regional traits and national identity.Nevertheless,in the face of rapid modernization,traditional architecture is encountering challenges on an unprecedented scale.This study focuses on examining the strategies for preserving and transforming traditional architecture.By evaluating the importance,issues,and obstacles associated with safeguarding traditional architecture,this paper seeks to propose effective and rational conservation approaches and transformation techniques,ultimately aiming to ensure the sustainable development and cultural continuity of traditional architecture.展开更多
Chinese medicine,as a treasure of China’s traditional culture,has a long history and deep cultural heritage,and talents are the first resource for the development of Chinese medicine.In ancient times,there were many ...Chinese medicine,as a treasure of China’s traditional culture,has a long history and deep cultural heritage,and talents are the first resource for the development of Chinese medicine.In ancient times,there were many famous Chinese medicine practitioners with excellent medical skills and fame,and their main ways of success were through teaching and family tradition.The cultivation of high medical ethics,benevolence and love,and helping the world and the people is the source of motivation for success;familiarizing oneself with the classics,understanding the humanities,and being knowledgeable about things past and present is an important way for success;practicing diligently,learning from all the strengths,and observing the right and innovating is the key to success.This paper analyzes the growth path of ancient Chinese medicine masters and discusses the advantages and shortcomings of contemporary Chinese medicine talent training,with a view to providing certain references for the cultivation of Chinese medicine talents.展开更多
A recent discovery in rice has revealed an elegant trick of nature:crops can teach their later generations to survive the cold through inherited memories written in chemical marks on the DNA letters,representing the f...A recent discovery in rice has revealed an elegant trick of nature:crops can teach their later generations to survive the cold through inherited memories written in chemical marks on the DNA letters,representing the first clear demonstration of what scientists call the“inheritance of acquired characteristics”-a phenomenon that biologists have debated for over two centuries.展开更多
With their high economic value and cultural significance,modern roses are one of the most important ornamental plants.Because of their complicated genetic background and tetraploid nature,the creation of high-density ...With their high economic value and cultural significance,modern roses are one of the most important ornamental plants.Because of their complicated genetic background and tetraploid nature,the creation of high-density genetic maps of roses has been a challenge that has slowed the pace of molecular breeding for modern roses.The current construction of tetraploid genetic maps based on existing diploid rose genomes could lead to inaccurate marker information and genotyping results.Therefore,we generated the first high-quality tetraploid genome of Rosa chinensis‘Yunzheng Xiawei.'Utilizing Illumina,PacBio,and Hi-C sequencing technologies,we assembled a genome of 858.59 Mb with 14pseudo-chromosomes.Mode of inheritance analysis using PolyOrigin indicated that modern roses show both quadrivalent and bivalent pairing.Based on this reference genome,high-density genetic maps were constructed using MSTmap with nearly saturated markers.Quantitative trait locus(QTL)analysis was conducted using WinQTLCart and R/qtl for flavonoids and carotenoids,and 11 QTL clusters were identified.By combining the genome annotation,phylogenetic analyses,and gene expression analyses,we were able to identify several key genes related to flavonoid and carotenoid biosynthesis.This study provides the basis for further genetic analyses of highly heterozygous tetraploid roses and could facilitate the progress of marker-assisted selection in modern roses.展开更多
Sugarcane is recognized as the fifth largest crop globally,supplying 80%of sugar and 40%of bioenergy production.However,sugarcane genetic research has significantly lagged behind other crops due to its complex genetic...Sugarcane is recognized as the fifth largest crop globally,supplying 80%of sugar and 40%of bioenergy production.However,sugarcane genetic research has significantly lagged behind other crops due to its complex genetic background,high ploidy(8-13×),aneuploidy,limited flowering,and a long growth cycle(more than one year).Cross breeding began in 1887 following the discovery that sugarcane seeds could germinate.Both self-and cross-pollination and selection were conducted by sugarcane breeders,but new cultivars were often eliminated due to disease susceptibility.Within the Saccharum genus,different species possess variable numbers of chromosomes.Wild sugarcane species intercrossed with each other,leading to development of the‘Nobilization’breeding strategy,which significantly improved yield,sucrose,fiber content,and disease resistance,and accelerated genetic improvement of cultivars.In recent years,scientific achievements have also been made in sugarcane genome sequencing,molecular marker development,genetic linkage map construction,localization of quantitative trait locus(QTL),and trait-associated gene identification.This review focuses on the progress in sugarcane genetic research,analyzes the technical difficulties faced,presents opportunities and challenges,and provides guidance and references for future sugarcane genetics research and cultivar breeding.Finally,it offers directions for future on sugarcane genetics.展开更多
Intergenerational inheritance of stress memory plays a crucial role in plant adaptation to environmental changes,particularly in the context of spaceflight,where plants may serve as a food source for humans on long-du...Intergenerational inheritance of stress memory plays a crucial role in plant adaptation to environmental changes,particularly in the context of spaceflight,where plants may serve as a food source for humans on long-duration missions.However,the intergenerational genetic effects of spaceflight-induced stress memory in plants remain unclear.In this study,we assessed the cross-generational genetic effects of spaceflight stress memory using the rice mutant B10,identified during the SJ-10 return satellite mission.Our results showed that the oxidative stress effects induced by spaceflight persisted until the M5 generation in rice.We found that the rice genome remained unstable post-spaceflight,leading to alterations in genome methylation levels.Additionally,we observed significant changes in the methylation levels of transposons,suggesting their involvement in the intergenerational inheritance of spaceflight-induced stress memory.Furthermore,we identified thousands of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and differentially alternatively spliced(DAS)genes induced by spaceflight stress memory across multiple rice generations.Notably,differentially methylated cytosines were more abundant in non-expressed genes than in DEGs or DAS genes.A substantial number of DEGs and DASs related to oxidative stress were identified,primarily involved in the generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species.This study also presented report on the response of alternative splicing events in rice to spaceflight stress.Moreover,our findings revealed that genome methylation was associated with gene expression but not with DAS.In conclusion,our study provides comprehensive insights into the intergenerational inheritance of spaceflight-induced stress in rice and may contribute to uncovering novel mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced genomic instability and epigenetic regulation in plant stress inheritance.展开更多
Verticillium wilt,caused by the infamous pathogen Verticillium dahliae,presents a primary constraint on cotton cul-tivation worldwide.The complexity of disease resistance in cotton and the largely unexplored interacti...Verticillium wilt,caused by the infamous pathogen Verticillium dahliae,presents a primary constraint on cotton cul-tivation worldwide.The complexity of disease resistance in cotton and the largely unexplored interaction dynamics between the cotton plant host and V.dahliae pathogen pose a crucial predicament for effectively managing cotton Verticillium wilt.Nevertheless,the most cost-effective approach to controlling this disease involves breeding and cul-tivating resistant cotton varieties,demanding a meticulous analysis of the mechanisms underlying cotton’s resistance to Verticillium wilt and the identification of pivotal genes.These aspects constitute focal points in disease-resistance breeding programs.In this review,we comprehensively discuss genetic inheritance associated with Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton,the advancements in molecular markers for disease resistance,the functional investiga-tion of resistance genes in cotton,the analysis of pathogenicity genes in V.dahliae,as well as the intricate interplay between cotton and this fungus.Moreover,we delve into the future prospects of cutting-edge research on cotton Verticillium wilt,aiming to proffer valuable insights for the effective management of this devastating fungus.展开更多
This study is based on the background of the new era of innovation and inheritance in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),with the fundamental goal of promoting the high-quality development of TCM.Guided by a deep under...This study is based on the background of the new era of innovation and inheritance in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),with the fundamental goal of promoting the high-quality development of TCM.Guided by a deep understanding of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important discussions on TCM work,the study systematically investigates and analyzes the complementary advantages and collaborative innovation potential of apprenticeship education and university education.It focuses on the core proposition of‘dual-track integration‘,systematically explaining the internal mechanisms and pathways for the compatible development of the two educational models at both theoretical and practical levels.The research aims to provide theoretical support and practical reference for constructing a new mechanism for TCM talent training that meets the needs of the times。展开更多
Soybean frogeye leaf spot(FLS)disease is a worldwide disease caused by Cercospora sojina Hara.It is one of the major diseases suffered by soybean during the growth cycle,which seriously damages the yield and seed qual...Soybean frogeye leaf spot(FLS)disease is a worldwide disease caused by Cercospora sojina Hara.It is one of the major diseases suffered by soybean during the growth cycle,which seriously damages the yield and seed quality of soybean.The current resistant varieties are difficult to meet the production demand.The breeders have identified 50 different physiological small species and discussed the physiological and biochemical characteristics of soybean resistance to FLS.In soybean disease resistance breeding,resistance resources are screened for the main physiological races in different countries,resistance materials are created,more than 100 genome regions associated with resistance are located,and 12 resistance-related genes are identified.In order to promote the research of soybean disease resistance breeding,this paper expounded and analyzed the pathogenesis characteristics of soybean FLS,the division of races,the physiological and biochemical mechanism of soybean resistance to FLS disease,quantitative trait locus(QTL),quantitative trait nucleotides(QTN),genes of resistance sites,the screening of resistant germplasm resources,and the breeding of new varieties,so as to gain an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis principle of soybean FLS disease.In order to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the breeding of soybean FLS disease,the resistance mechanism of soybean FLS disease was analyzed from the molecular level.展开更多
The Southern Atlas front of Tunisia(SAFT),which includes the Gantass structure,is part of the wide fold and thrust belt that developed along the North African margin.In the present work,an integrated geological and ge...The Southern Atlas front of Tunisia(SAFT),which includes the Gantass structure,is part of the wide fold and thrust belt that developed along the North African margin.In the present work,an integrated geological and geophysical study has been conducted using geological maps,drillhole and seismic data to shed lights on the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the SAFT,with particular focus on the Gantass structure.Seismic data has been calibrated using well data and interpreted to reconstruct the preexisting architecture of the region,revealing a Turonian carbonate platform to the south,which passes into a deep basin northwards.Notably,reef constructions have been identified along the platform margin.In addition,we reconstruct the main evolutionary stages of the region:(1)post-rift subsidence from Cenomanian to Campanian,following Early Jurassic rifting,(2)uplift of the Campanian-Maastrichtian carbonate platform during Late Cretaceous compression,(3)successive compressional phases marked by unconformities reflecting middle-to late Eocene,Tortonian and early Pleistocene periods.Our analysis demonstrates that the nucleation of the Gantass structure is not only controlled by pre-existing faults but also by stratigraphic heterogeneity.While most of the regional structures have been shaped by these successive tectonic phases,the Gantass structure,which we interpret as an incipient fault-propagation fold,developed during the latest compression stage.From an economic perspective,this study proves the presence of new reserves of phosphate deposits and highlights potential stratigraphic traps for future hydrocarbon exploration in the region.展开更多
On the evening of May 30th,the parallel forum"Youth Power in Dialogue among Civilisations,"as part of the 4th Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations,was held in Dunhuang.The forum was ...On the evening of May 30th,the parallel forum"Youth Power in Dialogue among Civilisations,"as part of the 4th Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations,was held in Dunhuang.The forum was hosted by the Chinese Association for International Understanding and organised by the Schwarzman College of Tsinghua University.More than 30 youth representatives from the Schwarzman Scholars international delegation and a delegation of European,American and African NGO friends came together under the theme"The Youth Power of Cross-Civilisation Dialogue.Discussions focused on topics such as cultural inheritance and innovation,and cross-cultural collaboration.The sessions were co-chaired by Professor Pan Qingzhong,Executive Dean of the Schwarzman College,and Joshua Woodard,a Schwarzman Scholar from the United States of America.展开更多
On the afternoon of May 30,the parallel forum"Global Dialogue on Civilisational Inheritance and the Digital Silk Road,"as part of the 4th Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations,was hel...On the afternoon of May 30,the parallel forum"Global Dialogue on Civilisational Inheritance and the Digital Silk Road,"as part of the 4th Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations,was held in Dunhuang.The forum focused on key areas of Silk Road civilisation studies in the new era under the theme"Carrying Forward the Silk Road Spirit and Pooling Strength for the Implementation of the Global Civilisation Initiative."Discussions centred on topics such as humanistic research on the Digital Silk Road,translation studies of cultural heritage,and archaeological studies of Silk Road sites,providing a platform for experts and scholars to exchange ideas and share achievements,and working to build a strong synergy for exchanges and mutual learning among civilisations.展开更多
The cultural tradition of the Spring Festival has a long history,which is a profound embodiment of China's farming civilization and folk beliefs.The rituals and customs such as Worshipping the Kitchen God in the t...The cultural tradition of the Spring Festival has a long history,which is a profound embodiment of China's farming civilization and folk beliefs.The rituals and customs such as Worshipping the Kitchen God in the twelfth lunar month,putting up Spring Festival couplets,having family reunion dinner on Chinese New Year's Eve and temple fairs during the Spring Festival show the unique beliefs and values of the Chinese nation to bid farewell to the old and usher in the new and pray for reunion and happiness.展开更多
From the perspective of the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage,this study explores practical strategies for integrating local opera singing styles into the cultivation of preschool music literacy.After litera...From the perspective of the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage,this study explores practical strategies for integrating local opera singing styles into the cultivation of preschool music literacy.After literature research,field investigation,and teaching practice,it analyzes the application value of the artistic features of local opera singing styles in preschool education and seeks effective methods for integrating them into music education in kindergartens.Research shows that local opera singing styles are rich in cultural connotations and artistic charm,and have unique advantages in cultivating children’s musical literacy.Therefore,integrating them into preschool music education is beneficial to children’s understanding of traditional culture,the development of musical abilities,and the cultivation of aesthetic tastes.This study proposes the following practical strategies:Select suitable opera segments for young children and design interesting teaching activities;use multimedia technology to create vivid and interesting learning scenarios;organize opera experience activities to bring children closer to traditional culture;and conduct teacher training to enhance their knowledge of opera and teaching abilities.This research result has certain theoretical and practical significance for promoting local operas into kindergartens,facilitating the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage,and innovating preschool music education.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32230005).
文摘Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene function that occur without alterations to the DNA sequence.Major epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation,histone modifications,chromatin remodeling,and the regulatory ac-tions of small RNAs and long noncoding RNAs(Allis and Jenuwein,2016).These layers of regulation are essential for modulating gene expression and are widely involved in the regulation of plant growth and development,as well as in responses to environmental cues(Hemenway and Gehring,2023).
基金supported by grants from Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (2024–1–2022)Beijing Nat-ural Science Foundation (7244318)。
文摘Liver transplantation is hindered by organ shortage. The potential way to relieve this issue is to expand the donor pool via extending the donor criteria and make full use of all available grafts. The concept of “no-donor” liver transplantation allows grafts to be recovered from other liver recipients. This review summarizes the current clinical practice of “no-donor” liver transplantation, focusing on the experiences of Chinese transplant teams. Domino liver transplantation was introduced by Furtado in 1995 and implemented later in 2013 in China, and novel donor indications including some essential-to-treat inherited metabolic liver-based diseases have emerged. The concept of cross-auxiliary domino liver transplantation brings a further expansion of the domino liver graft pool, and the first pair of liver transplantation performed “rigorously without donation” was accomplished in our center in 2018. Our experience with this original transplantation procedure is hereby reviewed. In order to further promote and make successful “no-donor” liver transplantation, close co-operation between researchers, surgeons, physicians, organ procurement organizations, as well as ethical committees is required.
文摘At the global themed event of 2025 Lanting Culture Salon:Chinese Calligraphy,we witnessed the inheritance and innovation of the art of calligraphy.Artists,based on the traditional calligraphy,incorporated new creativity and elements,having the art of calligraphy radiate new vitality and vigor.These activities broke through the traditional exhibition mode by adopting innovative forms such as digital interaction,cross-border creation and immersive experiences.This allowed the visitors to experience the charm of the art of calligraphy through interaction,further promoting communication and popularization of calligraphy culture.
文摘Perched on crimson shoulders,Potala ascends a celestial stairway.Alabaster walls cradle golden roofs.Ancient stones murmur mantras,corridors breathe incense.Shadows dance with prayer flags,weaving time into silk.A sacred place in pilgrims'hearts,it guards the soul of this snowy plateau stretching vastly across western China.
基金supported by grants from theKey Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province,China(222102110124)the Joint Fund of Science and Technology Research and Development Plan,Henan Province,China(222103810009)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172574,3217180560)the Funding of Joint Research on Agricultural Varieties Improvement of Henan Province,China(2022010503)the Major Science and Technology Project of Henan Province,China(221100110400)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan,China(222300420050)the Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program of Henan Province,China(23HASTIT034).
文摘The color and pattern of watermelon rind are crucial external traits that directly affect consumer preferences.Watermelons with stripes having a stronger color than the background rind are ideal for studying stripe patterns in plants,while there is still limited knowledge about the genetic mechanisms underlying stripe coloration due to the lack of germplasm resources.In this study,we focused on a watermelon germplasm with colorless stripes,and genetic analysis revealed that the trait is controlled by a single recessive gene.The gene Clsc(Citrullus lanatus stripe coloration),which is responsible for the colorless stripe,was localized into a 147.6 kb region on Chr9 by linkage analysis in a large F2 mapping population.Further analysis revealed that the Cla97C09G175170 gene encodes the APRR2 transcription factor,plays a crucial role in determining the watermelon colorless stripe phenotype and was deduced to be related to chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development.Physiological experiments indicated that Cla97C09G175170 may significantly influence chloroplast development and chlorophyll synthesis in watermelon.The results of this study provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of stripe coloration in watermelon and can be useful in the development of marker-assisted selection(MAS)for new watermelon cultivars.
文摘Roots and reverence:The New Years Eve of ancestral traditions Unlike many Chinese families,who spend the New Years Eve watching the CCTV New Years Gala,my family assembles in the clan hall to honor our ancestors.This ritual has been passed down for generations,and now it is our turn to carry it forward.
文摘Traditional architecture,as a crucial component of human cultural heritage,conveys significant historical context and cultural significance while reflecting regional traits and national identity.Nevertheless,in the face of rapid modernization,traditional architecture is encountering challenges on an unprecedented scale.This study focuses on examining the strategies for preserving and transforming traditional architecture.By evaluating the importance,issues,and obstacles associated with safeguarding traditional architecture,this paper seeks to propose effective and rational conservation approaches and transformation techniques,ultimately aiming to ensure the sustainable development and cultural continuity of traditional architecture.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82260925)Yunnan Provincial High-level Scientific and Technological Talents and Innovative Teams Selection Special Project(Grant No.202305AS350007)+2 种基金Yunnan Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Special Project Program for Biomedicine(Grant No.202402AA310028)Yunnan Province’s High-level Talent Cultivation Project for Successors in Traditional Chinese Medicine Disciplines(Yun Cai She[2024]No.103)Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicine Open Research Topics(2024SS24010).
文摘Chinese medicine,as a treasure of China’s traditional culture,has a long history and deep cultural heritage,and talents are the first resource for the development of Chinese medicine.In ancient times,there were many famous Chinese medicine practitioners with excellent medical skills and fame,and their main ways of success were through teaching and family tradition.The cultivation of high medical ethics,benevolence and love,and helping the world and the people is the source of motivation for success;familiarizing oneself with the classics,understanding the humanities,and being knowledgeable about things past and present is an important way for success;practicing diligently,learning from all the strengths,and observing the right and innovating is the key to success.This paper analyzes the growth path of ancient Chinese medicine masters and discusses the advantages and shortcomings of contemporary Chinese medicine talent training,with a view to providing certain references for the cultivation of Chinese medicine talents.
文摘A recent discovery in rice has revealed an elegant trick of nature:crops can teach their later generations to survive the cold through inherited memories written in chemical marks on the DNA letters,representing the first clear demonstration of what scientists call the“inheritance of acquired characteristics”-a phenomenon that biologists have debated for over two centuries.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32071818)。
文摘With their high economic value and cultural significance,modern roses are one of the most important ornamental plants.Because of their complicated genetic background and tetraploid nature,the creation of high-density genetic maps of roses has been a challenge that has slowed the pace of molecular breeding for modern roses.The current construction of tetraploid genetic maps based on existing diploid rose genomes could lead to inaccurate marker information and genotyping results.Therefore,we generated the first high-quality tetraploid genome of Rosa chinensis‘Yunzheng Xiawei.'Utilizing Illumina,PacBio,and Hi-C sequencing technologies,we assembled a genome of 858.59 Mb with 14pseudo-chromosomes.Mode of inheritance analysis using PolyOrigin indicated that modern roses show both quadrivalent and bivalent pairing.Based on this reference genome,high-density genetic maps were constructed using MSTmap with nearly saturated markers.Quantitative trait locus(QTL)analysis was conducted using WinQTLCart and R/qtl for flavonoids and carotenoids,and 11 QTL clusters were identified.By combining the genome annotation,phylogenetic analyses,and gene expression analyses,we were able to identify several key genes related to flavonoid and carotenoid biosynthesis.This study provides the basis for further genetic analyses of highly heterozygous tetraploid roses and could facilitate the progress of marker-assisted selection in modern roses.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2301100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272156)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(2022J01160)Central Publicinterest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1630052024003,1630052024020)Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences for Science and Technology Innovation Team of National Tropical Agricultural Science Center(CATASCXTD202402)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-17).
文摘Sugarcane is recognized as the fifth largest crop globally,supplying 80%of sugar and 40%of bioenergy production.However,sugarcane genetic research has significantly lagged behind other crops due to its complex genetic background,high ploidy(8-13×),aneuploidy,limited flowering,and a long growth cycle(more than one year).Cross breeding began in 1887 following the discovery that sugarcane seeds could germinate.Both self-and cross-pollination and selection were conducted by sugarcane breeders,but new cultivars were often eliminated due to disease susceptibility.Within the Saccharum genus,different species possess variable numbers of chromosomes.Wild sugarcane species intercrossed with each other,leading to development of the‘Nobilization’breeding strategy,which significantly improved yield,sucrose,fiber content,and disease resistance,and accelerated genetic improvement of cultivars.In recent years,scientific achievements have also been made in sugarcane genome sequencing,molecular marker development,genetic linkage map construction,localization of quantitative trait locus(QTL),and trait-associated gene identification.This review focuses on the progress in sugarcane genetic research,analyzes the technical difficulties faced,presents opportunities and challenges,and provides guidance and references for future sugarcane genetics research and cultivar breeding.Finally,it offers directions for future on sugarcane genetics.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(Grant No.CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0462)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF,China(Grant No.GZC20242211)+1 种基金the Heilongjiang Touyan Team,China(Grant No.HITTY-20190034)the Project of the Aerospace Science and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center,China(Grant No.BSAUEA5740600223).
文摘Intergenerational inheritance of stress memory plays a crucial role in plant adaptation to environmental changes,particularly in the context of spaceflight,where plants may serve as a food source for humans on long-duration missions.However,the intergenerational genetic effects of spaceflight-induced stress memory in plants remain unclear.In this study,we assessed the cross-generational genetic effects of spaceflight stress memory using the rice mutant B10,identified during the SJ-10 return satellite mission.Our results showed that the oxidative stress effects induced by spaceflight persisted until the M5 generation in rice.We found that the rice genome remained unstable post-spaceflight,leading to alterations in genome methylation levels.Additionally,we observed significant changes in the methylation levels of transposons,suggesting their involvement in the intergenerational inheritance of spaceflight-induced stress memory.Furthermore,we identified thousands of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and differentially alternatively spliced(DAS)genes induced by spaceflight stress memory across multiple rice generations.Notably,differentially methylated cytosines were more abundant in non-expressed genes than in DEGs or DAS genes.A substantial number of DEGs and DASs related to oxidative stress were identified,primarily involved in the generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species.This study also presented report on the response of alternative splicing events in rice to spaceflight stress.Moreover,our findings revealed that genome methylation was associated with gene expression but not with DAS.In conclusion,our study provides comprehensive insights into the intergenerational inheritance of spaceflight-induced stress in rice and may contribute to uncovering novel mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced genomic instability and epigenetic regulation in plant stress inheritance.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201752)Xinjiang Tianchi Talents Program (TCYC2023TP02)Key Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (2024DA001)
文摘Verticillium wilt,caused by the infamous pathogen Verticillium dahliae,presents a primary constraint on cotton cul-tivation worldwide.The complexity of disease resistance in cotton and the largely unexplored interaction dynamics between the cotton plant host and V.dahliae pathogen pose a crucial predicament for effectively managing cotton Verticillium wilt.Nevertheless,the most cost-effective approach to controlling this disease involves breeding and cul-tivating resistant cotton varieties,demanding a meticulous analysis of the mechanisms underlying cotton’s resistance to Verticillium wilt and the identification of pivotal genes.These aspects constitute focal points in disease-resistance breeding programs.In this review,we comprehensively discuss genetic inheritance associated with Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton,the advancements in molecular markers for disease resistance,the functional investiga-tion of resistance genes in cotton,the analysis of pathogenicity genes in V.dahliae,as well as the intricate interplay between cotton and this fungus.Moreover,we delve into the future prospects of cutting-edge research on cotton Verticillium wilt,aiming to proffer valuable insights for the effective management of this devastating fungus.
基金Yunnan Province High-level Science and Technology Talents and Innovation Team Selection Special Project(Project No.:202305AS350007)。
文摘This study is based on the background of the new era of innovation and inheritance in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),with the fundamental goal of promoting the high-quality development of TCM.Guided by a deep understanding of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important discussions on TCM work,the study systematically investigates and analyzes the complementary advantages and collaborative innovation potential of apprenticeship education and university education.It focuses on the core proposition of‘dual-track integration‘,systematically explaining the internal mechanisms and pathways for the compatible development of the two educational models at both theoretical and practical levels.The research aims to provide theoretical support and practical reference for constructing a new mechanism for TCM talent training that meets the needs of the times。
基金Supported by the 14th Five-Year National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFD1201103–01–05)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301819)the Cooperation Project of Research and Development Center between Wudalianchi Government and Northeast Agricultural University.
文摘Soybean frogeye leaf spot(FLS)disease is a worldwide disease caused by Cercospora sojina Hara.It is one of the major diseases suffered by soybean during the growth cycle,which seriously damages the yield and seed quality of soybean.The current resistant varieties are difficult to meet the production demand.The breeders have identified 50 different physiological small species and discussed the physiological and biochemical characteristics of soybean resistance to FLS.In soybean disease resistance breeding,resistance resources are screened for the main physiological races in different countries,resistance materials are created,more than 100 genome regions associated with resistance are located,and 12 resistance-related genes are identified.In order to promote the research of soybean disease resistance breeding,this paper expounded and analyzed the pathogenesis characteristics of soybean FLS,the division of races,the physiological and biochemical mechanism of soybean resistance to FLS disease,quantitative trait locus(QTL),quantitative trait nucleotides(QTN),genes of resistance sites,the screening of resistant germplasm resources,and the breeding of new varieties,so as to gain an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis principle of soybean FLS disease.In order to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the breeding of soybean FLS disease,the resistance mechanism of soybean FLS disease was analyzed from the molecular level.
文摘The Southern Atlas front of Tunisia(SAFT),which includes the Gantass structure,is part of the wide fold and thrust belt that developed along the North African margin.In the present work,an integrated geological and geophysical study has been conducted using geological maps,drillhole and seismic data to shed lights on the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the SAFT,with particular focus on the Gantass structure.Seismic data has been calibrated using well data and interpreted to reconstruct the preexisting architecture of the region,revealing a Turonian carbonate platform to the south,which passes into a deep basin northwards.Notably,reef constructions have been identified along the platform margin.In addition,we reconstruct the main evolutionary stages of the region:(1)post-rift subsidence from Cenomanian to Campanian,following Early Jurassic rifting,(2)uplift of the Campanian-Maastrichtian carbonate platform during Late Cretaceous compression,(3)successive compressional phases marked by unconformities reflecting middle-to late Eocene,Tortonian and early Pleistocene periods.Our analysis demonstrates that the nucleation of the Gantass structure is not only controlled by pre-existing faults but also by stratigraphic heterogeneity.While most of the regional structures have been shaped by these successive tectonic phases,the Gantass structure,which we interpret as an incipient fault-propagation fold,developed during the latest compression stage.From an economic perspective,this study proves the presence of new reserves of phosphate deposits and highlights potential stratigraphic traps for future hydrocarbon exploration in the region.
文摘On the evening of May 30th,the parallel forum"Youth Power in Dialogue among Civilisations,"as part of the 4th Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations,was held in Dunhuang.The forum was hosted by the Chinese Association for International Understanding and organised by the Schwarzman College of Tsinghua University.More than 30 youth representatives from the Schwarzman Scholars international delegation and a delegation of European,American and African NGO friends came together under the theme"The Youth Power of Cross-Civilisation Dialogue.Discussions focused on topics such as cultural inheritance and innovation,and cross-cultural collaboration.The sessions were co-chaired by Professor Pan Qingzhong,Executive Dean of the Schwarzman College,and Joshua Woodard,a Schwarzman Scholar from the United States of America.
文摘On the afternoon of May 30,the parallel forum"Global Dialogue on Civilisational Inheritance and the Digital Silk Road,"as part of the 4th Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations,was held in Dunhuang.The forum focused on key areas of Silk Road civilisation studies in the new era under the theme"Carrying Forward the Silk Road Spirit and Pooling Strength for the Implementation of the Global Civilisation Initiative."Discussions centred on topics such as humanistic research on the Digital Silk Road,translation studies of cultural heritage,and archaeological studies of Silk Road sites,providing a platform for experts and scholars to exchange ideas and share achievements,and working to build a strong synergy for exchanges and mutual learning among civilisations.
文摘The cultural tradition of the Spring Festival has a long history,which is a profound embodiment of China's farming civilization and folk beliefs.The rituals and customs such as Worshipping the Kitchen God in the twelfth lunar month,putting up Spring Festival couplets,having family reunion dinner on Chinese New Year's Eve and temple fairs during the Spring Festival show the unique beliefs and values of the Chinese nation to bid farewell to the old and usher in the new and pray for reunion and happiness.
文摘From the perspective of the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage,this study explores practical strategies for integrating local opera singing styles into the cultivation of preschool music literacy.After literature research,field investigation,and teaching practice,it analyzes the application value of the artistic features of local opera singing styles in preschool education and seeks effective methods for integrating them into music education in kindergartens.Research shows that local opera singing styles are rich in cultural connotations and artistic charm,and have unique advantages in cultivating children’s musical literacy.Therefore,integrating them into preschool music education is beneficial to children’s understanding of traditional culture,the development of musical abilities,and the cultivation of aesthetic tastes.This study proposes the following practical strategies:Select suitable opera segments for young children and design interesting teaching activities;use multimedia technology to create vivid and interesting learning scenarios;organize opera experience activities to bring children closer to traditional culture;and conduct teacher training to enhance their knowledge of opera and teaching abilities.This research result has certain theoretical and practical significance for promoting local operas into kindergartens,facilitating the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage,and innovating preschool music education.
