Risk assessment and mitigation programs have been carried out over the last decades in the attempt to reduce transportation infrastructure downtime and post-disaster recovery costs.Recently,the concept of resilience g...Risk assessment and mitigation programs have been carried out over the last decades in the attempt to reduce transportation infrastructure downtime and post-disaster recovery costs.Recently,the concept of resilience gained increasing importance in design,assessment,maintenance,and rehabilitation structures and infrastructure systems,particularly bridges and transportation networks,exposed to natural and man-made hazards.In the field of disaster mitigation,frameworks have been proposed to provide a basis for development of qualitative and quantitative models quantifying the functionality and resilience at various scales,including components,groups and systems within infrastructure networks and communities.In these frameworks,the effects of aging and environmental aggressiveness must be explicitly considered,affecting the structural performance and functionality of civil infrastructure systems.Significant efforts have been made to incorporate risk and resilience assessment frameworks into informed decision making to decide how to best use resources to minimize the impact of hazards on civil infrastructure systems.This review paper is part of these efforts.It presents an overview of the main principles and concepts,methods and strategies,advances and accomplishments in the field of life-cycle reliability,risk and resilience of structures and infrastructure systems,with emphasis on seismic resilience of bridges and road networks.展开更多
Communities depend on critical infrastructure systems to support their regular operations and future develop-ment.Destructive events,such as natural disasters,threaten to disrupt service to these systems and the commu...Communities depend on critical infrastructure systems to support their regular operations and future develop-ment.Destructive events,such as natural disasters,threaten to disrupt service to these systems and the commu-nities they support.Strategies designed to reduce the impacts from disasters and other events are therefore an important consideration for community planning.At a regional level,coordination between communities sup-ports the efficient use of resources for implementing disaster risk reduction(DRR)measures and completing post-disaster repairs to meet the needs of all residents.Coordination is challenging,however,due to the complex-ity of regional systems and competing stakeholder interests.This work presents a case study model of regional water,wastewater,and power systems,and demonstrates the effect of seismic hardening and increased resource availability on post-earthquake repair requirements and critical infrastructure recovery.Model results indicate that implementing DRR strategies can reduce required repair costs by over 40 percent and outage severity by approximately 50 percent for the studied sectors.Not all strategies are effective for all sectors and locations,how-ever,so this work discusses the importance of comprehensive,coordinated,and accessible emergency planning activities to ensure that the needs of all residents are considered.展开更多
Critical infrastructure systems(CISs)play a key role in the socio-economic activity of a society,but are exposed to an array of disruptive events that can greatly impact their function and performance.Therefore,unders...Critical infrastructure systems(CISs)play a key role in the socio-economic activity of a society,but are exposed to an array of disruptive events that can greatly impact their function and performance.Therefore,understanding the underlying behaviors of CISs and their response to perturbations is needed to better prepare for,and mitigate the impact of,future disruptions.Resilience is one characteristic of CISs that influences the extent and severity of the impact induced by extreme events.Resilience is often dissected into four dimensions:robustness,redundancy,resourcefulness,and rapidity,known as the“4Rs”.This study proposes a framework to assess the resilience of an infrastructure network in terms of these four dimensions under optimal resource allocation strategies and incorporates interdependencies between different CISs,with resilience considered as a stochastic variable.The proposed framework combines an agent-based infrastructure interdependency model,advanced optimization algorithms,Bayesian network techniques,and Monte Carlo simulation to assess the resilience of an infrastructure network.The applicability and flexibility of the proposed framework is demonstrated with a case study using a network of CISs in Austin,Texas,where the resilience of the network is assessed and a“what-if”analysis is performed.展开更多
The challenges posed by fatigue propagation on engineering materials and infrastructural facilities have necessitate for proper appraisal. Fatigue involvements in engineering systems are complex requiring indepth anal...The challenges posed by fatigue propagation on engineering materials and infrastructural facilities have necessitate for proper appraisal. Fatigue involvements in engineering systems are complex requiring indepth analysis and optimization of the governing phenomena. The pervasive demand for suitable solutions to this circumstance has been the greatest problem faced by the systems engineers in the quest for delivering sustainable infrastructural development. Consequently, the removal of interdisciplinary boundaries and merge of design platforms pose a great challenge for an unprepared project engineering and technology community. It is imperative to understand the mechanisms promoting fatigue occurrences for a complete model conceptualisation and analysis improvement. In this paper, the duo evaluation--linear and effective crack length measurements are clearly shown to beacon the fatigue investigation for modem project engineering and technology. The paper has also examined the airfield pavement where this concept could be very useful. Such breakthrough would require accurate fatigue simulation and modelling platforms for inbuilt reliability and prudent resources management. Amongst the benefits of the fatigue analysis is the provision of an enabling environment for the sustainable management of engineering and technology projects.展开更多
This paper focuses on the optimization of the evaluation index system for the value of transportation infrastructure assets.It analyzes the shortcomings of the current system and explores the directions for optimizing...This paper focuses on the optimization of the evaluation index system for the value of transportation infrastructure assets.It analyzes the shortcomings of the current system and explores the directions for optimizing the index system from the perspectives of functionality,economy,social impact,environmental impact,and sustainability.The paper also discusses the application of the optimized index system in practical evaluation and the measures to ensure its effectiveness.The research aims to enhance the evaluation mechanism for the value of transportation infrastructure assets,providing a more scientific basis for decision-making,addressing challenges in asset management,improving the level of asset management in transportation infrastructure,and meeting the demands of high-quality development in the transportation sector in the new era.展开更多
The evolution of cities into digitally managed environments requires computational systems that can operate in real time while supporting predictive and adaptive infrastructure management.Earlier approaches have often...The evolution of cities into digitally managed environments requires computational systems that can operate in real time while supporting predictive and adaptive infrastructure management.Earlier approaches have often advanced one dimension—such as Internet of Things(IoT)-based data acquisition,Artificial Intelligence(AI)-driven analytics,or digital twin visualization—without fully integrating these strands into a single operational loop.As a result,many existing solutions encounter bottlenecks in responsiveness,interoperability,and scalability,while also leaving concerns about data privacy unresolved.This research introduces a hybrid AI–IoT–Digital Twin framework that combines continuous sensing,distributed intelligence,and simulation-based decision support.The design incorporates multi-source sensor data,lightweight edge inference through Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)and Long ShortTerm Memory(LSTM)models,and federated learning enhanced with secure aggregation and differential privacy to maintain confidentiality.A digital twin layer extends these capabilities by simulating city assets such as traffic flows and water networks,generating what-if scenarios,and issuing actionable control signals.Complementary modules,including model compression and synchronization protocols,are embedded to ensure reliability in bandwidth-constrained and heterogeneous urban environments.The framework is validated in two urban domains:traffic management,where it adapts signal cycles based on real-time congestion patterns,and pipeline monitoring,where it anticipates leaks through pressure and vibration data.Experimental results show a 28%reduction in response time,a 35%decrease in maintenance costs,and a marked reduction in false positives relative to conventional baselines.The architecture also demonstrates stability across 50+edge devices under federated training and resilience to uneven node participation.The proposed system provides a scalable and privacy-aware foundation for predictive urban infrastructure management.By closing the loop between sensing,learning,and control,it reduces operator dependence,enhances resource efficiency,and supports transparent governance models for emerging smart cities.展开更多
Critical infrastructures（CI） are designated sectors that if incapacitated or destroyed by natural disasters would have a serious impact on national security and economic and social welfare. Due to the interdependenc...Critical infrastructures（CI） are designated sectors that if incapacitated or destroyed by natural disasters would have a serious impact on national security and economic and social welfare. Due to the interdependency of critical infrastructures failure of one infrastructure during a natural disaster such as earthquake or flood may cause failure of another and so on through a cascade or escalating effect. Quantification of these types of interdependencies between critical infrastructures is essential for effective response and management of resources for rescue, recovery, and restoration during times of crises. This paper proposes a new mathematical framework based on an asymmetric relation matrix constructed in a bottom-up approach for modeling and analyzing interdependencies of critical infrastructures. Asymmetric dependency matrices can be constructed using the asymmetric incidence coefficient based on node-level relationships defined between nodes for measuring the strength of interdependency between node and node, node and network, and networks and networks. These asymmetric matrices are further analyzed for ranking infrastructures in terms of their relative importance and for identifying nodes and infrastructure networks that play a critical role in chain effects among infrastructures involved in geo-disaster events such as flooding. Examples of interdependency analysis for the identification of vulnerabilities among fifteen national defense-related infrastructure sectors by the Australian government and a simulated example using the newly developed GIS-based network simulator Geo PN are used to validate and demonstrate the implementation and effectiveness of interdependency analysis methods in analyzing infrastructure interdependency during a flooding event.展开更多
An advanced metering infrastructure(AMI)system plays a key role in the smart grid(SG),but it is vulnerable to cyberattacks.Current detection methods for AMI cyberattacks mainly focus on the data center or a distribute...An advanced metering infrastructure(AMI)system plays a key role in the smart grid(SG),but it is vulnerable to cyberattacks.Current detection methods for AMI cyberattacks mainly focus on the data center or a distributed independent node.On one hand,it is difficult to train an excellent detection intrusion model on a self-learning independent node.On the other hand,large amounts of data are shared over the network and uploaded to a central node for training.These processes may compromise data privacy,cause communication delay,and incur high communication costs.With these limitations,we propose an intrusion detection method for AMI system based on federated learning(FL).The intrusion detection system is deployed in the data concentrators for training,and only its model parameters are communicated to the data center.Furthermore,the data center distributes the learning to each data concentrator through aggregation and weight assignments for collaborative learning.An optimized deep neural network(DNN)is exploited for this proposed method,and extensive experiments based on the NSL-KDD dataset are carried out.From the results,this proposed method improves detection performance and reduces computation costs,communication delays,and communication overheads while guaranteeing data privacy.展开更多
Currently, urban Green Space Systems in China show fragile ecological conditions, the overseas Green Infrastructure is a new idea to construct urban green ecological spaces. Typical Green Infrastructure construction c...Currently, urban Green Space Systems in China show fragile ecological conditions, the overseas Green Infrastructure is a new idea to construct urban green ecological spaces. Typical Green Infrastructure construction cases in the U. K., such as London greenbelt, park system, green corridor, green chain and Green Grid were studied to analyze problems of China urban Green Space System planning, construction, and management, so as to propose suggestions for improving ecological functions of the urban Green Space System.展开更多
The southern forest ecosystem of Cameroon extends from latitude 2° to 6°N and from 10° to 16°E. In order to investigate about the influence of climate factors on the infrastructures, the main param...The southern forest ecosystem of Cameroon extends from latitude 2° to 6°N and from 10° to 16°E. In order to investigate about the influence of climate factors on the infrastructures, the main parameters of local climate of that ecosystem have been evaluated. The results show that, the factors are stable and have a common trend. But, the abundance of precipitations;the important hydrographic network and the presence of dense forest appear as the majors climatic constraints that may be taken in account to ensure the stability of the infrastructures in forest ecosystem.展开更多
At present,most providers of cloud computing mainly provide infrastructures and services of infrastructure as a service(IaaS).But there is a serious problem that is the lack of security standards and evaluation model ...At present,most providers of cloud computing mainly provide infrastructures and services of infrastructure as a service(IaaS).But there is a serious problem that is the lack of security standards and evaluation model of IaaS.After analyzing the vulnerabilities performance of IaaS cloud computing system,the mapping relationship was established between the vulnerabilities of IaaS and the nine threats of cloud computing which was released by cloud security alliance(CSA).According to the mapping relationship,a model for evaluating security of IaaS was proposed which verified the effectiveness of the model on OpenStack by the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and the fuzzy evaluation method.展开更多
Over the past two decades, China's infrastructure development has been extraordinary in the sense that it far exceeds GDP growth rate and unconventional in the sense that it cannot be explained with existing theor...Over the past two decades, China's infrastructure development has been extraordinary in the sense that it far exceeds GDP growth rate and unconventional in the sense that it cannot be explained with existing theories on infrastructure development.This paper found that the transformation of China's land system is an important clue:China's extraordinary infrastructure development is a result that can be explained with the transformation of its land system. Theoretically, this paper proves that with other conditions held constant, the difference of land systems has a significant effect on the optimal infrastructure supply of regions. Empirically, it can be found through the test of cross-country panel data that the transformation of China's land system around the 1990 s indeed exerted an overall impact on China's extraordinary infrastructure development. This paper implies that China's "land-supported infrastructure development" model has been pivotal to its extraordinary infrastructure development. Under the Belt and Road Initiative,China's experience of land-supported infrastructure development is of broad significance for developing countries to boost their infrastructure development.展开更多
This paper introduces the plan of a research project,in which a prototype system of the CIM-OSA-Integrating Infrastructure,HIT-IIS,will be implemented.Based on the analysis of requirements and environments,the archite...This paper introduces the plan of a research project,in which a prototype system of the CIM-OSA-Integrating Infrastructure,HIT-IIS,will be implemented.Based on the analysis of requirements and environments,the architecture and the plan of HIT-IIS are proposed.展开更多
With the growth of the online market,demand for logistics and courier cargo is increasing rapidly.Accordingly,in the case of urban areas,road congestion and environmental problems due to cargo vehicles are mainly occu...With the growth of the online market,demand for logistics and courier cargo is increasing rapidly.Accordingly,in the case of urban areas,road congestion and environmental problems due to cargo vehicles are mainly occurring.The joint courier logistics system,a plan to solve this problem,aims to establish an efficient logistics transportation system by utilizing one joint logistics delivery terminal by several logistics and delivery companies.However,several courier companies use different types of courier invoices.Such a system has a problem of information data transmission interruption.Therefore,the data processing process was systematically analyzed,a practically feasible methodology was devised,and delivery invoice information processing standards were established for this.In addition,the importance of this paper can be emphasized in terms of data processing in the logistics sector,which is expected to grow rapidly in the future.The results of this study can be used as basic data for the implementation of the logistics joint delivery terminal system in the future.And it can be used as a basis for securing the operational reliability of the joint courier logistics system.展开更多
Major infrastructures such as levee, dam, bridge, road, etc. have a significant meaning in that they are the means to support ordinary social and industrial activities and also protect human and physical assets at the...Major infrastructures such as levee, dam, bridge, road, etc. have a significant meaning in that they are the means to support ordinary social and industrial activities and also protect human and physical assets at the occurrence of disaster. Especially, integrated risk management of SOC facilities provides the policy maker in charge of SOC facility safety and related disaster prevention with a reasonable means of decision making and ultimately contributes to improving the safety of the applicable SOC facility. Furthermore, a variety of issues raised in the Sewol ferry disaster that occurred recently in Korea, such as, a proper response method and the relevant Golden time decision making at the occurrence of disaster, rapid grasping and reporting the situation on disaster sites, management and mobilization of resources for rescue and recover, loss of integrated control tower function, etc., might occur as well in facility disaster management. As the method of solving such issues adequately, this study suggests a strategy of new disaster response and management system. The analyses of Hazus-MH (FEMA) and DIMSuS (Purdue University) were comprehensively conducted, and based on the results required functions of new disaster response system of major infrastructure and its development directions were suggested.展开更多
This article is dedicated to the creation of the analytical model of quantitative estimation of cybersecurity of Information Systems of Critical Infrastructure (ISCI). The model takes into consideration the existence,...This article is dedicated to the creation of the analytical model of quantitative estimation of cybersecurity of Information Systems of Critical Infrastructure (ISCI). The model takes into consideration the existence, in the discussed ISCI, of both the intelligent tools of detection, analysis and identification of threats and vulnerabilities and means for restauration and elimination of their consequences. The development of the model also takes into consideration probabilistic nature of flow of events happening in ISCI and transferring the system between different states of cybersecurity. Among such probabilistic events we mean any operational perturbations (that can cause extreme situations) happening in ISCI under the influence of cyber-threats, as well as events concerning restoration and elimination of consequences of such cyber-threats. In this work, as methods of modelling, there have been used methods of system-oriented analysis based on theory of probability, theory of reliability and theory of queues. These methods enabled to describe analytically dependence of effectiveness indices of ISCI operation on abovementioned probabilistic processes.展开更多
The article analyzes the current situation of city infrastructure construction in China, elaborated needs if our country city infrastructure construction projects in various stages of information management, a framewo...The article analyzes the current situation of city infrastructure construction in China, elaborated needs if our country city infrastructure construction projects in various stages of information management, a framework of information platform are presented for city infrastructure projects of our construction comprehensive control, and efficient management city infrastructure construction project, and provide collaboration platform for the party in the infrastructure construction projects.展开更多
Marine infrastructure is increasingly vulnerable to harsh environmental conditions that accelerate the degradation of traditional materials such as Portland cement concrete and carbon steel.This review systematically ...Marine infrastructure is increasingly vulnerable to harsh environmental conditions that accelerate the degradation of traditional materials such as Portland cement concrete and carbon steel.This review systematically investigates recent advancements in sustainable alternatives,including geopolymer concrete,engineered innovacementitious composites(ECC),bio-concrete,fiber-reinforced polymers(FRPs),and bamboo,stainless steel,and steel-CFRP hybrid bars.Each material is evaluated based on marine durability,mechanical performance,environmental impact,and cost feasibility using life cycle assessment,durability modelling,and a multi-criteria decisionsupport framework.The results reveal that geopolymer concrete and FRP reinforcement’s exhibit superior corrosion resistance and environmental benefits,while ECC and steel-CFRP composites offer structural resilience with moderate environmental trade-offs.However,challenges remain in long-term performance validation,standardization,and market integration.The review concludes that a combined approach involving innovative materials,computational tools,and sustainability assessment is essential for advancing marine infrastructure.Outlook recommendations include focused field studies,development of regulatory guidelines,and interdisciplinary collaboration to drive the practical adoption of eco-efficient materials in coastal and offshore construction.展开更多
The national grid and other life-sustaining critical infrastructures face an unprecedented threat from prolonged blackouts,which could last over a year and pose a severe risk to national security.Whether caused by phy...The national grid and other life-sustaining critical infrastructures face an unprecedented threat from prolonged blackouts,which could last over a year and pose a severe risk to national security.Whether caused by physical attacks,EMP(electromagnetic pulse)events,or cyberattacks,such disruptions could cripple essential services like water supply,healthcare,communication,and transportation.Research indicates that an attack on just nine key substations could result in a coast-to-coast blackout lasting up to 18 months,leading to economic collapse,civil unrest,and a breakdown of public order.This paper explores the key vulnerabilities of the grid,the potential impacts of prolonged blackouts,and the role of AI(artificial intelligence)and ML(machine learning)in mitigating these threats.AI-driven cybersecurity measures,predictive maintenance,automated threat response,and EMP resilience strategies are discussed as essential solutions to bolster grid security.Policy recommendations emphasize the need for hardened infrastructure,enhanced cybersecurity,redundant power systems,and AI-based grid management to ensure national resilience.Without proactive measures,the nation remains exposed to a catastrophic power grid failure that could have dire consequences for society and the economy.展开更多
Scientific and technological advancements are rapidly transforming underground engineering,shifting from labor-intensive,time-consuming methods to automated,real-time systems.This timely and comprehensive review cover...Scientific and technological advancements are rapidly transforming underground engineering,shifting from labor-intensive,time-consuming methods to automated,real-time systems.This timely and comprehensive review covers in-situ testing,intelligent monitoring,and geophysical testing methods,highlighting fundamental principles,testing apparatuses,data processing techniques,and engineering applications.The state-of-the-art summary emphasizes not only cutting-edge innovations for complex and harsh environments but also the transformative role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in data interpretations.The integration of big data and advanced algorithms is particularly impactful,enabling the identification,prediction,and mitigation of potential risks in underground projects.Key aspects of the discussion include detection capabilities,method integration,and data convergence of intelligent technologies to drive enhanced safety,operational efficiency,and predictive reliability.The review also examines future trends in intelligent technologies,emphasizing unified platforms that combine multiple methods,real-time data,and predictive analytics.These advancements are shaping the evolution of underground construction and maintenance,aiming for risk-free,high-efficiency underground engineering.展开更多
文摘Risk assessment and mitigation programs have been carried out over the last decades in the attempt to reduce transportation infrastructure downtime and post-disaster recovery costs.Recently,the concept of resilience gained increasing importance in design,assessment,maintenance,and rehabilitation structures and infrastructure systems,particularly bridges and transportation networks,exposed to natural and man-made hazards.In the field of disaster mitigation,frameworks have been proposed to provide a basis for development of qualitative and quantitative models quantifying the functionality and resilience at various scales,including components,groups and systems within infrastructure networks and communities.In these frameworks,the effects of aging and environmental aggressiveness must be explicitly considered,affecting the structural performance and functionality of civil infrastructure systems.Significant efforts have been made to incorporate risk and resilience assessment frameworks into informed decision making to decide how to best use resources to minimize the impact of hazards on civil infrastructure systems.This review paper is part of these efforts.It presents an overview of the main principles and concepts,methods and strategies,advances and accomplishments in the field of life-cycle reliability,risk and resilience of structures and infrastructure systems,with emphasis on seismic resilience of bridges and road networks.
基金funding for this work was provided in part by the Canadian Safety and Security Program(CSSP)under project number CSSP-2018-CP-2351titled“Disaster Risk Reduction Pathways:Incentives for Mitigation&Adaptation Investments”.
文摘Communities depend on critical infrastructure systems to support their regular operations and future develop-ment.Destructive events,such as natural disasters,threaten to disrupt service to these systems and the commu-nities they support.Strategies designed to reduce the impacts from disasters and other events are therefore an important consideration for community planning.At a regional level,coordination between communities sup-ports the efficient use of resources for implementing disaster risk reduction(DRR)measures and completing post-disaster repairs to meet the needs of all residents.Coordination is challenging,however,due to the complex-ity of regional systems and competing stakeholder interests.This work presents a case study model of regional water,wastewater,and power systems,and demonstrates the effect of seismic hardening and increased resource availability on post-earthquake repair requirements and critical infrastructure recovery.Model results indicate that implementing DRR strategies can reduce required repair costs by over 40 percent and outage severity by approximately 50 percent for the studied sectors.Not all strategies are effective for all sectors and locations,how-ever,so this work discusses the importance of comprehensive,coordinated,and accessible emergency planning activities to ensure that the needs of all residents are considered.
文摘Critical infrastructure systems(CISs)play a key role in the socio-economic activity of a society,but are exposed to an array of disruptive events that can greatly impact their function and performance.Therefore,understanding the underlying behaviors of CISs and their response to perturbations is needed to better prepare for,and mitigate the impact of,future disruptions.Resilience is one characteristic of CISs that influences the extent and severity of the impact induced by extreme events.Resilience is often dissected into four dimensions:robustness,redundancy,resourcefulness,and rapidity,known as the“4Rs”.This study proposes a framework to assess the resilience of an infrastructure network in terms of these four dimensions under optimal resource allocation strategies and incorporates interdependencies between different CISs,with resilience considered as a stochastic variable.The proposed framework combines an agent-based infrastructure interdependency model,advanced optimization algorithms,Bayesian network techniques,and Monte Carlo simulation to assess the resilience of an infrastructure network.The applicability and flexibility of the proposed framework is demonstrated with a case study using a network of CISs in Austin,Texas,where the resilience of the network is assessed and a“what-if”analysis is performed.
文摘The challenges posed by fatigue propagation on engineering materials and infrastructural facilities have necessitate for proper appraisal. Fatigue involvements in engineering systems are complex requiring indepth analysis and optimization of the governing phenomena. The pervasive demand for suitable solutions to this circumstance has been the greatest problem faced by the systems engineers in the quest for delivering sustainable infrastructural development. Consequently, the removal of interdisciplinary boundaries and merge of design platforms pose a great challenge for an unprepared project engineering and technology community. It is imperative to understand the mechanisms promoting fatigue occurrences for a complete model conceptualisation and analysis improvement. In this paper, the duo evaluation--linear and effective crack length measurements are clearly shown to beacon the fatigue investigation for modem project engineering and technology. The paper has also examined the airfield pavement where this concept could be very useful. Such breakthrough would require accurate fatigue simulation and modelling platforms for inbuilt reliability and prudent resources management. Amongst the benefits of the fatigue analysis is the provision of an enabling environment for the sustainable management of engineering and technology projects.
文摘This paper focuses on the optimization of the evaluation index system for the value of transportation infrastructure assets.It analyzes the shortcomings of the current system and explores the directions for optimizing the index system from the perspectives of functionality,economy,social impact,environmental impact,and sustainability.The paper also discusses the application of the optimized index system in practical evaluation and the measures to ensure its effectiveness.The research aims to enhance the evaluation mechanism for the value of transportation infrastructure assets,providing a more scientific basis for decision-making,addressing challenges in asset management,improving the level of asset management in transportation infrastructure,and meeting the demands of high-quality development in the transportation sector in the new era.
基金The researchers would like to thank the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at Qassim University for financial support(QU-APC-2025)。
文摘The evolution of cities into digitally managed environments requires computational systems that can operate in real time while supporting predictive and adaptive infrastructure management.Earlier approaches have often advanced one dimension—such as Internet of Things(IoT)-based data acquisition,Artificial Intelligence(AI)-driven analytics,or digital twin visualization—without fully integrating these strands into a single operational loop.As a result,many existing solutions encounter bottlenecks in responsiveness,interoperability,and scalability,while also leaving concerns about data privacy unresolved.This research introduces a hybrid AI–IoT–Digital Twin framework that combines continuous sensing,distributed intelligence,and simulation-based decision support.The design incorporates multi-source sensor data,lightweight edge inference through Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)and Long ShortTerm Memory(LSTM)models,and federated learning enhanced with secure aggregation and differential privacy to maintain confidentiality.A digital twin layer extends these capabilities by simulating city assets such as traffic flows and water networks,generating what-if scenarios,and issuing actionable control signals.Complementary modules,including model compression and synchronization protocols,are embedded to ensure reliability in bandwidth-constrained and heterogeneous urban environments.The framework is validated in two urban domains:traffic management,where it adapts signal cycles based on real-time congestion patterns,and pipeline monitoring,where it anticipates leaks through pressure and vibration data.Experimental results show a 28%reduction in response time,a 35%decrease in maintenance costs,and a marked reduction in false positives relative to conventional baselines.The architecture also demonstrates stability across 50+edge devices under federated training and resilience to uneven node participation.The proposed system provides a scalable and privacy-aware foundation for predictive urban infrastructure management.By closing the loop between sensing,learning,and control,it reduces operator dependence,enhances resource efficiency,and supports transparent governance models for emerging smart cities.
基金finically supported by a project “Modeling Infrastructure Interdependency for Emergency Management Using a Network-Centric Spatial Decision Support System Approach” awarded jointly by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)the Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada (PSEPC) (No.JIIRP 312733-04)
文摘Critical infrastructures（CI） are designated sectors that if incapacitated or destroyed by natural disasters would have a serious impact on national security and economic and social welfare. Due to the interdependency of critical infrastructures failure of one infrastructure during a natural disaster such as earthquake or flood may cause failure of another and so on through a cascade or escalating effect. Quantification of these types of interdependencies between critical infrastructures is essential for effective response and management of resources for rescue, recovery, and restoration during times of crises. This paper proposes a new mathematical framework based on an asymmetric relation matrix constructed in a bottom-up approach for modeling and analyzing interdependencies of critical infrastructures. Asymmetric dependency matrices can be constructed using the asymmetric incidence coefficient based on node-level relationships defined between nodes for measuring the strength of interdependency between node and node, node and network, and networks and networks. These asymmetric matrices are further analyzed for ranking infrastructures in terms of their relative importance and for identifying nodes and infrastructure networks that play a critical role in chain effects among infrastructures involved in geo-disaster events such as flooding. Examples of interdependency analysis for the identification of vulnerabilities among fifteen national defense-related infrastructure sectors by the Australian government and a simulated example using the newly developed GIS-based network simulator Geo PN are used to validate and demonstrate the implementation and effectiveness of interdependency analysis methods in analyzing infrastructure interdependency during a flooding event.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51807013)the Foundation of Hunan Educational Committee(No.18B137)+1 种基金the Research Project in Hunan Province Education Department(No.21C0577)Postgraduate Research and Innovation Project of Hunan Province,China(No.CX20210791)。
文摘An advanced metering infrastructure(AMI)system plays a key role in the smart grid(SG),but it is vulnerable to cyberattacks.Current detection methods for AMI cyberattacks mainly focus on the data center or a distributed independent node.On one hand,it is difficult to train an excellent detection intrusion model on a self-learning independent node.On the other hand,large amounts of data are shared over the network and uploaded to a central node for training.These processes may compromise data privacy,cause communication delay,and incur high communication costs.With these limitations,we propose an intrusion detection method for AMI system based on federated learning(FL).The intrusion detection system is deployed in the data concentrators for training,and only its model parameters are communicated to the data center.Furthermore,the data center distributes the learning to each data concentrator through aggregation and weight assignments for collaborative learning.An optimized deep neural network(DNN)is exploited for this proposed method,and extensive experiments based on the NSL-KDD dataset are carried out.From the results,this proposed method improves detection performance and reduces computation costs,communication delays,and communication overheads while guaranteeing data privacy.
基金Supported by General Program of Yunnan Provincial Applied Basic Research(2009ZC075M):Study on Yunnan Town’s Characteristic Landscape and Ecological Security Pattern based on GIS
文摘Currently, urban Green Space Systems in China show fragile ecological conditions, the overseas Green Infrastructure is a new idea to construct urban green ecological spaces. Typical Green Infrastructure construction cases in the U. K., such as London greenbelt, park system, green corridor, green chain and Green Grid were studied to analyze problems of China urban Green Space System planning, construction, and management, so as to propose suggestions for improving ecological functions of the urban Green Space System.
文摘The southern forest ecosystem of Cameroon extends from latitude 2° to 6°N and from 10° to 16°E. In order to investigate about the influence of climate factors on the infrastructures, the main parameters of local climate of that ecosystem have been evaluated. The results show that, the factors are stable and have a common trend. But, the abundance of precipitations;the important hydrographic network and the presence of dense forest appear as the majors climatic constraints that may be taken in account to ensure the stability of the infrastructures in forest ecosystem.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61462070)the"ChunHui Plan"Project of Educational Department,China(No.Z2009-1-01062)the Research of Evaluation Technology of Security and Reliability of Cloud Computing and the Built of Testing Platform That is a Technology Plan Project of Inner Mongolia,China
文摘At present,most providers of cloud computing mainly provide infrastructures and services of infrastructure as a service(IaaS).But there is a serious problem that is the lack of security standards and evaluation model of IaaS.After analyzing the vulnerabilities performance of IaaS cloud computing system,the mapping relationship was established between the vulnerabilities of IaaS and the nine threats of cloud computing which was released by cloud security alliance(CSA).According to the mapping relationship,a model for evaluating security of IaaS was proposed which verified the effectiveness of the model on OpenStack by the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and the fuzzy evaluation method.
文摘Over the past two decades, China's infrastructure development has been extraordinary in the sense that it far exceeds GDP growth rate and unconventional in the sense that it cannot be explained with existing theories on infrastructure development.This paper found that the transformation of China's land system is an important clue:China's extraordinary infrastructure development is a result that can be explained with the transformation of its land system. Theoretically, this paper proves that with other conditions held constant, the difference of land systems has a significant effect on the optimal infrastructure supply of regions. Empirically, it can be found through the test of cross-country panel data that the transformation of China's land system around the 1990 s indeed exerted an overall impact on China's extraordinary infrastructure development. This paper implies that China's "land-supported infrastructure development" model has been pivotal to its extraordinary infrastructure development. Under the Belt and Road Initiative,China's experience of land-supported infrastructure development is of broad significance for developing countries to boost their infrastructure development.
文摘This paper introduces the plan of a research project,in which a prototype system of the CIM-OSA-Integrating Infrastructure,HIT-IIS,will be implemented.Based on the analysis of requirements and environments,the architecture and the plan of HIT-IIS are proposed.
基金supported by a grant from R&D program of the Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology(20015047).
文摘With the growth of the online market,demand for logistics and courier cargo is increasing rapidly.Accordingly,in the case of urban areas,road congestion and environmental problems due to cargo vehicles are mainly occurring.The joint courier logistics system,a plan to solve this problem,aims to establish an efficient logistics transportation system by utilizing one joint logistics delivery terminal by several logistics and delivery companies.However,several courier companies use different types of courier invoices.Such a system has a problem of information data transmission interruption.Therefore,the data processing process was systematically analyzed,a practically feasible methodology was devised,and delivery invoice information processing standards were established for this.In addition,the importance of this paper can be emphasized in terms of data processing in the logistics sector,which is expected to grow rapidly in the future.The results of this study can be used as basic data for the implementation of the logistics joint delivery terminal system in the future.And it can be used as a basis for securing the operational reliability of the joint courier logistics system.
文摘Major infrastructures such as levee, dam, bridge, road, etc. have a significant meaning in that they are the means to support ordinary social and industrial activities and also protect human and physical assets at the occurrence of disaster. Especially, integrated risk management of SOC facilities provides the policy maker in charge of SOC facility safety and related disaster prevention with a reasonable means of decision making and ultimately contributes to improving the safety of the applicable SOC facility. Furthermore, a variety of issues raised in the Sewol ferry disaster that occurred recently in Korea, such as, a proper response method and the relevant Golden time decision making at the occurrence of disaster, rapid grasping and reporting the situation on disaster sites, management and mobilization of resources for rescue and recover, loss of integrated control tower function, etc., might occur as well in facility disaster management. As the method of solving such issues adequately, this study suggests a strategy of new disaster response and management system. The analyses of Hazus-MH (FEMA) and DIMSuS (Purdue University) were comprehensively conducted, and based on the results required functions of new disaster response system of major infrastructure and its development directions were suggested.
文摘This article is dedicated to the creation of the analytical model of quantitative estimation of cybersecurity of Information Systems of Critical Infrastructure (ISCI). The model takes into consideration the existence, in the discussed ISCI, of both the intelligent tools of detection, analysis and identification of threats and vulnerabilities and means for restauration and elimination of their consequences. The development of the model also takes into consideration probabilistic nature of flow of events happening in ISCI and transferring the system between different states of cybersecurity. Among such probabilistic events we mean any operational perturbations (that can cause extreme situations) happening in ISCI under the influence of cyber-threats, as well as events concerning restoration and elimination of consequences of such cyber-threats. In this work, as methods of modelling, there have been used methods of system-oriented analysis based on theory of probability, theory of reliability and theory of queues. These methods enabled to describe analytically dependence of effectiveness indices of ISCI operation on abovementioned probabilistic processes.
文摘The article analyzes the current situation of city infrastructure construction in China, elaborated needs if our country city infrastructure construction projects in various stages of information management, a framework of information platform are presented for city infrastructure projects of our construction comprehensive control, and efficient management city infrastructure construction project, and provide collaboration platform for the party in the infrastructure construction projects.
文摘Marine infrastructure is increasingly vulnerable to harsh environmental conditions that accelerate the degradation of traditional materials such as Portland cement concrete and carbon steel.This review systematically investigates recent advancements in sustainable alternatives,including geopolymer concrete,engineered innovacementitious composites(ECC),bio-concrete,fiber-reinforced polymers(FRPs),and bamboo,stainless steel,and steel-CFRP hybrid bars.Each material is evaluated based on marine durability,mechanical performance,environmental impact,and cost feasibility using life cycle assessment,durability modelling,and a multi-criteria decisionsupport framework.The results reveal that geopolymer concrete and FRP reinforcement’s exhibit superior corrosion resistance and environmental benefits,while ECC and steel-CFRP composites offer structural resilience with moderate environmental trade-offs.However,challenges remain in long-term performance validation,standardization,and market integration.The review concludes that a combined approach involving innovative materials,computational tools,and sustainability assessment is essential for advancing marine infrastructure.Outlook recommendations include focused field studies,development of regulatory guidelines,and interdisciplinary collaboration to drive the practical adoption of eco-efficient materials in coastal and offshore construction.
文摘The national grid and other life-sustaining critical infrastructures face an unprecedented threat from prolonged blackouts,which could last over a year and pose a severe risk to national security.Whether caused by physical attacks,EMP(electromagnetic pulse)events,or cyberattacks,such disruptions could cripple essential services like water supply,healthcare,communication,and transportation.Research indicates that an attack on just nine key substations could result in a coast-to-coast blackout lasting up to 18 months,leading to economic collapse,civil unrest,and a breakdown of public order.This paper explores the key vulnerabilities of the grid,the potential impacts of prolonged blackouts,and the role of AI(artificial intelligence)and ML(machine learning)in mitigating these threats.AI-driven cybersecurity measures,predictive maintenance,automated threat response,and EMP resilience strategies are discussed as essential solutions to bolster grid security.Policy recommendations emphasize the need for hardened infrastructure,enhanced cybersecurity,redundant power systems,and AI-based grid management to ensure national resilience.Without proactive measures,the nation remains exposed to a catastrophic power grid failure that could have dire consequences for society and the economy.
基金supported by Ministry of Education of Singapore,under Academic Research Fund Tier 1(Grant Number RG143/23).
文摘Scientific and technological advancements are rapidly transforming underground engineering,shifting from labor-intensive,time-consuming methods to automated,real-time systems.This timely and comprehensive review covers in-situ testing,intelligent monitoring,and geophysical testing methods,highlighting fundamental principles,testing apparatuses,data processing techniques,and engineering applications.The state-of-the-art summary emphasizes not only cutting-edge innovations for complex and harsh environments but also the transformative role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in data interpretations.The integration of big data and advanced algorithms is particularly impactful,enabling the identification,prediction,and mitigation of potential risks in underground projects.Key aspects of the discussion include detection capabilities,method integration,and data convergence of intelligent technologies to drive enhanced safety,operational efficiency,and predictive reliability.The review also examines future trends in intelligent technologies,emphasizing unified platforms that combine multiple methods,real-time data,and predictive analytics.These advancements are shaping the evolution of underground construction and maintenance,aiming for risk-free,high-efficiency underground engineering.
