The world’s energy industry is experiencing a significant transformation due to increased energy consumption, the rise in renewable energy usage, and the demand for sustainability. This review paper explores the pote...The world’s energy industry is experiencing a significant transformation due to increased energy consumption, the rise in renewable energy usage, and the demand for sustainability. This review paper explores the potential for transformation offered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) in improving energy infrastructure, specifically looking at how it can be used in managing smart grids, predicting maintenance needs, and integrating renewable energy sources. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) are crucial AI technologies that have become necessary for enhancing grid stability, reducing operational costs, and improving energy efficiency. AI-powered predictive maintenance has proven to lower unexpected downtime by 40%, while AI-based demand forecasting has reached prediction accuracy of 90%, allowing utilities to efficiently manage supply and demand. In addition, AI helps tackle the issues of fluctuating renewable energy by playing a key role in enhancing energy storage and distribution in nations like Denmark and the US. Moreover, cryptographic frameworks such as Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) offer robust security measures to protect AI-driven energy systems. ECC provides lightweight, efficient encryption ideal for IoT-enabled grids, while PQC frameworks, like the SIKE algorithm, ensure long-term resilience against quantum computing threats, safeguarding critical infrastructure. Nevertheless, obstacles like limited data access, cybersecurity weaknesses, and financial limitations continue to hinder widespread AI implementation, especially in less developed areas. This review emphasizes the significance of adopting essential strategies such as smart grid development, public-private collaborations, strong regulatory frameworks, and standardized data-sharing protocols. It is essential to have strong implementation and monitoring systems, improved cybersecurity measures, and ongoing investment in AI research in order to fully harness AI’s ability to revolutionize energy systems. By tackling these obstacles, AI has the potential to significantly impact the development of a more enduring, productive, and flexible worldwide energy system, hastening the shift towards a renewable-focused energy landscape.展开更多
This paper examines the application of polyurethane curing technology in the construction of railway track beds,with a specific focus on its implementation in China’s rapidly developing railway infrastructure.The stu...This paper examines the application of polyurethane curing technology in the construction of railway track beds,with a specific focus on its implementation in China’s rapidly developing railway infrastructure.The study begins by identifying the limitations of traditional ballasted track beds,especially under the demands of high-speed and heavyload railways.It then methodically analyzes the advantages of polyurethane-cured track beds,highlighting their improved mechanical properties,including enhanced stability and durability.The paper further explores the benefits of transitioning to prefabricated polyurethane track beds,emphasizing significant cost reductions,better construction quality,and enhanced maintainability.Through a detailed review of experimental data and practical applications,the paper demonstrates the efficacy of polyurethane track beds in various railway settings.A critical part of the research involves optimizing the structural parameters of polyurethane track beds to achieve the best balance of mechanical and damping properties.The conclusion of the paper underscores the potential of polyurethane curing technology as a transformative approach to railway track bed construction,offering a solution to the challenges posed by traditional methods and aligning with the evolving needs of modern railways.展开更多
This work proposes a method to concurrently calibrate multiple acoustic speeds in different mediums with a photoacoustic（PA） and ultrasound（US） dual-modality imaging system. First, physical infrastructure informat...This work proposes a method to concurrently calibrate multiple acoustic speeds in different mediums with a photoacoustic（PA） and ultrasound（US） dual-modality imaging system. First, physical infrastructure information of the target is acquired through a US image. Then, we repeatedly build PA images around a special target to yield the best focused result by dynamically updating the acoustic speeds in a different medium of the target.With these correct acoustic propagation velocities in the according mediums, we can effectively optimize the PA image quality as the experiments proved, which might benefit future research in biomedical imaging science.展开更多
Transmission expansion planning(TEP)addresses the intricate task of optimizing new transmission infrastructure within an existing grid to meet system objectives.As a critical strategy in power system development,TEP s...Transmission expansion planning(TEP)addresses the intricate task of optimizing new transmission infrastructure within an existing grid to meet system objectives.As a critical strategy in power system development,TEP significantly influences the long-term efficiency,reliability,and scalability of the network,with enduring effects on overall system performance.This paper explores the application of unconventional high surge impedance loading(HSIL)lines as a cost-effective alternative to conventional extra high-voltage(EHV)transmission lines.By optimizing the geometry of subconductors,HSIL designs could achieve higher power delivery capacities while operating at reduced voltage levels,addressing the increased demand for sustainable energy infrastructure.Two 500 kV HSIL line configurations are analyzed for their feasibility in replacing the conventional 765 kV transmission lines for the TEP to integrate the large-scale wind energy sources located in far remote areas.The analysis is carried out within the 23-bus EHV test system.This study reveals that both HSIL line configurations successfully meet the technical constraints of the TEP problem,ensuring reliable system operation even under contingency conditions.Therefore,the HSIL lines offer significant cost savings due to infrastructure and accessories at reduced voltage levels with much smaller right of way(ROW)than conventional counterparts.This underscores the potential of unconventional HSIL lines to contribute to more sustainable and cost-effective grid planning strategies for integrating large-scale renewable energy sources.展开更多
文摘The world’s energy industry is experiencing a significant transformation due to increased energy consumption, the rise in renewable energy usage, and the demand for sustainability. This review paper explores the potential for transformation offered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) in improving energy infrastructure, specifically looking at how it can be used in managing smart grids, predicting maintenance needs, and integrating renewable energy sources. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) are crucial AI technologies that have become necessary for enhancing grid stability, reducing operational costs, and improving energy efficiency. AI-powered predictive maintenance has proven to lower unexpected downtime by 40%, while AI-based demand forecasting has reached prediction accuracy of 90%, allowing utilities to efficiently manage supply and demand. In addition, AI helps tackle the issues of fluctuating renewable energy by playing a key role in enhancing energy storage and distribution in nations like Denmark and the US. Moreover, cryptographic frameworks such as Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) offer robust security measures to protect AI-driven energy systems. ECC provides lightweight, efficient encryption ideal for IoT-enabled grids, while PQC frameworks, like the SIKE algorithm, ensure long-term resilience against quantum computing threats, safeguarding critical infrastructure. Nevertheless, obstacles like limited data access, cybersecurity weaknesses, and financial limitations continue to hinder widespread AI implementation, especially in less developed areas. This review emphasizes the significance of adopting essential strategies such as smart grid development, public-private collaborations, strong regulatory frameworks, and standardized data-sharing protocols. It is essential to have strong implementation and monitoring systems, improved cybersecurity measures, and ongoing investment in AI research in order to fully harness AI’s ability to revolutionize energy systems. By tackling these obstacles, AI has the potential to significantly impact the development of a more enduring, productive, and flexible worldwide energy system, hastening the shift towards a renewable-focused energy landscape.
文摘This paper examines the application of polyurethane curing technology in the construction of railway track beds,with a specific focus on its implementation in China’s rapidly developing railway infrastructure.The study begins by identifying the limitations of traditional ballasted track beds,especially under the demands of high-speed and heavyload railways.It then methodically analyzes the advantages of polyurethane-cured track beds,highlighting their improved mechanical properties,including enhanced stability and durability.The paper further explores the benefits of transitioning to prefabricated polyurethane track beds,emphasizing significant cost reductions,better construction quality,and enhanced maintainability.Through a detailed review of experimental data and practical applications,the paper demonstrates the efficacy of polyurethane track beds in various railway settings.A critical part of the research involves optimizing the structural parameters of polyurethane track beds to achieve the best balance of mechanical and damping properties.The conclusion of the paper underscores the potential of polyurethane curing technology as a transformative approach to railway track bed construction,offering a solution to the challenges posed by traditional methods and aligning with the evolving needs of modern railways.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61201425)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20131280)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘This work proposes a method to concurrently calibrate multiple acoustic speeds in different mediums with a photoacoustic（PA） and ultrasound（US） dual-modality imaging system. First, physical infrastructure information of the target is acquired through a US image. Then, we repeatedly build PA images around a special target to yield the best focused result by dynamically updating the acoustic speeds in a different medium of the target.With these correct acoustic propagation velocities in the according mediums, we can effectively optimize the PA image quality as the experiments proved, which might benefit future research in biomedical imaging science.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation(NSF)(No.2306098)。
文摘Transmission expansion planning(TEP)addresses the intricate task of optimizing new transmission infrastructure within an existing grid to meet system objectives.As a critical strategy in power system development,TEP significantly influences the long-term efficiency,reliability,and scalability of the network,with enduring effects on overall system performance.This paper explores the application of unconventional high surge impedance loading(HSIL)lines as a cost-effective alternative to conventional extra high-voltage(EHV)transmission lines.By optimizing the geometry of subconductors,HSIL designs could achieve higher power delivery capacities while operating at reduced voltage levels,addressing the increased demand for sustainable energy infrastructure.Two 500 kV HSIL line configurations are analyzed for their feasibility in replacing the conventional 765 kV transmission lines for the TEP to integrate the large-scale wind energy sources located in far remote areas.The analysis is carried out within the 23-bus EHV test system.This study reveals that both HSIL line configurations successfully meet the technical constraints of the TEP problem,ensuring reliable system operation even under contingency conditions.Therefore,the HSIL lines offer significant cost savings due to infrastructure and accessories at reduced voltage levels with much smaller right of way(ROW)than conventional counterparts.This underscores the potential of unconventional HSIL lines to contribute to more sustainable and cost-effective grid planning strategies for integrating large-scale renewable energy sources.
