Wireless information and power transfer(WIPT) enables simultaneously communications and sustainable power supplement without the erection of power supply lines and the replacement operation of the batteries for the te...Wireless information and power transfer(WIPT) enables simultaneously communications and sustainable power supplement without the erection of power supply lines and the replacement operation of the batteries for the terminals. The application of WIPT to the underwater acoustic sensor networks(UWASNs) not only retains the long range communication capabilities, but also provides an auxiliary and convenient energy supplement way for the terminal sensors, and thus is a promising scheme to solve the energy-limited problem for the UWASNs. In this paper, we propose the integration of WIPT into the UWASNs and provide an overview on various enabling techniques for the WIPT based UWASNs(WIPT-UWASNs) as well as pointing out future research challenges and opportunities for WIPT-UWASNs.展开更多
This paper proposes an artificial intelligence-based robust information hiding algorithm to address the issue of confidential information being susceptible to noise attacks during transmission.The algorithm we designe...This paper proposes an artificial intelligence-based robust information hiding algorithm to address the issue of confidential information being susceptible to noise attacks during transmission.The algorithm we designed aims to mitigate the impact of various noise attacks on the integrity of secret information during transmission.The method we propose involves encoding secret images into stylized encrypted images and applies adversarial transfer to both the style and content features of the original and embedded data.This process effectively enhances the concealment and imperceptibility of confidential information,thereby improving the security of such information during transmission and reducing security risks.Furthermore,we have designed a specialized attack layer to simulate real-world attacks and common noise scenarios encountered in practical environments.Through adversarial training,the algorithm is strengthened to enhance its resilience against attacks and overall robustness,ensuring better protection against potential threats.Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm successfully enhances the concealment and unknowability of secret information while maintaining embedding capacity.Additionally,it ensures the quality and fidelity of the stego image.The method we propose not only improves the security and robustness of information hiding technology but also holds practical application value in protecting sensitive data and ensuring the invisibility of confidential information.展开更多
Organic nanophotocatalysts are promising candidates for solar fuels production,but they still face the challenge of unfavorable geminate recombination due to the limited exciton diffusion lengths.Here,we introduce a b...Organic nanophotocatalysts are promising candidates for solar fuels production,but they still face the challenge of unfavorable geminate recombination due to the limited exciton diffusion lengths.Here,we introduce a binary nanophotocatalyst fabricated by blending two polymers,PS-PEG5(PS)and PBT-PEG5(PBT),with matched absorption and emission spectra,enabling a Forster resonance energy transfer(FRET)process for enhanced photocatalysis.These heterostructure nanophotocatalysts are processed using a facile and scalable flash nanoprecipitation(FNP)technique with precious kinetic control over binary nanoparticle formation.The resulting nanoparticles exhibit an exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate up to 65 mmol g^(-1) h^(-1),2.5 times higher than that single component nanoparticles.Characterizations through fluorescence spectra and transient absorption spectra confirm the hetero-energy transfer within the binary nanoparticles,which prolongs the excited-state lifetime and extends the namely“effective exciton diffusion length”.Our finding opens new avenues for designing efficient organic photocatalysts by improving exciton migration.展开更多
In scenarios such as vehicle radiation monitoring and unmanned aerial vehicle radiation detection,rapid measurements using a NaI(Tl)detector often result in low photon counts,weak characteristic peaks,and significant ...In scenarios such as vehicle radiation monitoring and unmanned aerial vehicle radiation detection,rapid measurements using a NaI(Tl)detector often result in low photon counts,weak characteristic peaks,and significant statistical fluctuations.These issues can lead to potential failures in peak-searching-based identification methods.To address the low precision associated with short-duration measurements of radionuclides,this paper proposes an identification algorithm that leverages heterogeneous spectral transfer to develop a low-count energy spectral identification model.Comparative experiments demonstrated that transferring samples from 26 classes of simulated heterogeneous gamma spectra aids in creating a reliable model for measured gamma spectra.With only 10%of target domain samples used for training,the accuracy on real low-count spectral samples was 95.56%.This performance shows a significant improvement over widely employed full-spectrum analysis methods trained on target domain samples.The proposed method also exhibits strong generalization capabilities,effectively mitigating overfitting issues in low-count energy spectral classification under short-duration measurements.展开更多
Catalytic oxidation of organic pollutants is a well-known and effective technique for pollutant abatement.Unfortunately,this method is significantly hindered in practical applications by the lowefficiency and difficul...Catalytic oxidation of organic pollutants is a well-known and effective technique for pollutant abatement.Unfortunately,this method is significantly hindered in practical applications by the lowefficiency and difficult recovery of the catalysts in a powdery form.Herein,a three-dimensional(3D)framework of Fe-incorporated Ni_(3)S_(2)nanosheets in-situ grown on Ni foam(Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2)@NF)was fabricated by a facile two-step hydrothermal process and applied to trigger peroxymonosulfate(PMS)oxidation of organic compounds inwater.A homogeneous growth environment enabled the uniform and scalable growth of Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2)nanosheets on the Ni foam.Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2)@NF possessed outstanding activity and durability in activating PMS,as it effectively facilitated electron transfer from organic pollutants to PMS.Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2)@NF initially supplied electrons to PMS,causing the catalyst to undergo oxidation,and subsequently accepted electrons from organic compounds,returning to its initial state.The introduction of Fe into the Ni_(3)S_(2)lattice enhanced electrical conductivity,promoting mediated electron transfer between PMS and organic compounds.The 3D conductive Ni foam provided an ideal platform for the nucleation and growth of Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2),accelerating pollutant abatement due to its porous structure and high conductivity.Furthermore,its monolithic nature simplified the catalyst recycling process.A continuous flow packed-bed reactor by encapsulating Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2)@NF catalyst achieved complete pollutant abatement with continuous operation for 240 h,highlighting its immense potential for practical environmental remediation.This study presents a facile synthesis method for creating a novel type of monolithic catalyst with high activity and durability for decontamination through Fenton-like processes.展开更多
Layered double hydroxide(LDH)based heterogonous peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation degradation of pollutants has attracted extensive attention.The challenge is to selectively regulate the traditional free radical domina...Layered double hydroxide(LDH)based heterogonous peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation degradation of pollutants has attracted extensive attention.The challenge is to selectively regulate the traditional free radical dominant degradation pathway into a nonradical degradation pathway.Herein,an interface ar-chitecture of Ti_(3) C_(2) T_(x)-MXene(MXene)loading on the Fe-Al LDH scaffold was developed,which showed excellent stability and robust resistance against harsh conditions.Significantly,the rate constant for tetra-cycline hydrochloride(TC)degradation in the MXene-LDH/PMS process was 0.421 min^(-1),which was ten times faster than the rate constant for pure Fe-Al LDH(0.042 min^(-1)).Specifically,more reactive Fe with the closer d-band center to the Fermi level results in higher electron transfer efficiency.The occupa-tions of Fe-3d orbitals in Mxene/Fe-Al LDH are pushed above the Fermi level to generate,which results in higher PMS adsorption and inhibition of the release of oxygen-containing active species intermedi-ates,leading to the enhanced^(1)O_(2) generation.Additionally,the built-in electric field in the heterojunc-tion was driven by the charge redistribution between MXene and Fe-Al LDH,resulting in a mediated-electron transfer mechanism,differentiating it from the Fe-Al LDH/PMS system.It was fascinating that MXene/Fe-Al LDH achieved satisfactory treatment efficiency in continuous column reactor and real landfill leachate.展开更多
The current deep learning models for braced excavation cannot predict deformation from the beginning of excavation due to the need for a substantial corpus of sufficient historical data for training purposes.To addres...The current deep learning models for braced excavation cannot predict deformation from the beginning of excavation due to the need for a substantial corpus of sufficient historical data for training purposes.To address this issue,this study proposes a transfer learning model based on a sequence-to-sequence twodimensional(2D)convolutional long short-term memory neural network(S2SCL2D).The model can use the existing data from other adjacent similar excavations to achieve wall deflection prediction once a limited amount of monitoring data from the target excavation has been recorded.In the absence of adjacent excavation data,numerical simulation data from the target project can be employed instead.A weight update strategy is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy by integrating the stochastic gradient masking with an early stopping mechanism.To illustrate the proposed methodology,an excavation project in Hangzhou,China is adopted.The proposed deep transfer learning model,which uses either adjacent excavation data or numerical simulation data as the source domain,shows a significant improvement in performance when compared to the non-transfer learning model.Using the simulation data from the target project even leads to better prediction performance than using the actual monitoring data from other adjacent excavations.The results demonstrate that the proposed model can reasonably predict the deformation with limited data from the target project.展开更多
In radiology,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is an essential diagnostic tool that provides detailed images of a patient’s anatomical and physiological structures.MRI is particularly effective for detecting soft tissue...In radiology,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is an essential diagnostic tool that provides detailed images of a patient’s anatomical and physiological structures.MRI is particularly effective for detecting soft tissue anomalies.Traditionally,radiologists manually interpret these images,which can be labor-intensive and time-consuming due to the vast amount of data.To address this challenge,machine learning,and deep learning approaches can be utilized to improve the accuracy and efficiency of anomaly detection in MRI scans.This manuscript presents the use of the Deep AlexNet50 model for MRI classification with discriminative learning methods.There are three stages for learning;in the first stage,the whole dataset is used to learn the features.In the second stage,some layers of AlexNet50 are frozen with an augmented dataset,and in the third stage,AlexNet50 with an augmented dataset with the augmented dataset.This method used three publicly available MRI classification datasets:Harvard whole brain atlas(HWBA-dataset),the School of Biomedical Engineering of Southern Medical University(SMU-dataset),and The National Institute of Neuroscience and Hospitals brain MRI dataset(NINS-dataset)for analysis.Various hyperparameter optimizers like Adam,stochastic gradient descent(SGD),Root mean square propagation(RMS prop),Adamax,and AdamW have been used to compare the performance of the learning process.HWBA-dataset registers maximum classification performance.We evaluated the performance of the proposed classification model using several quantitative metrics,achieving an average accuracy of 98%.展开更多
Ecological monitoring vehicles are equipped with a range of sensors and monitoring devices designed to gather data on ecological and environmental factors.These vehicles are crucial in various fields,including environ...Ecological monitoring vehicles are equipped with a range of sensors and monitoring devices designed to gather data on ecological and environmental factors.These vehicles are crucial in various fields,including environmental science research,ecological and environmental monitoring projects,disaster response,and emergency management.A key method employed in these vehicles for achieving high-precision positioning is LiDAR(lightlaser detection and ranging)-Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM).However,maintaining highprecision localization in complex scenarios,such as degraded environments or when dynamic objects are present,remains a significant challenge.To address this issue,we integrate both semantic and texture information from LiDAR and cameras to enhance the robustness and efficiency of data registration.Specifically,semantic information simplifies the modeling of scene elements,reducing the reliance on dense point clouds,which can be less efficient.Meanwhile,visual texture information complements LiDAR-Visual localization by providing additional contextual details.By incorporating semantic and texture details frompaired images and point clouds,we significantly improve the quality of data association,thereby increasing the success rate of localization.This approach not only enhances the operational capabilities of ecological monitoring vehicles in complex environments but also contributes to improving the overall efficiency and effectiveness of ecological monitoring and environmental protection efforts.展开更多
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials driven by a through-space charge transfer(TSCT)mechanism have garnered wide interest.However,access of TSCT-TADF molecules with longwavelength emission remains a...Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials driven by a through-space charge transfer(TSCT)mechanism have garnered wide interest.However,access of TSCT-TADF molecules with longwavelength emission remains a formidable challenge.In this study,we introduce a novel V-type DA-D-A’emitter,Trz-mCzCbCz,by using a carborane scaffold.This design strategically incorporates carbazole(Cz)and 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine(Trz)as donor and acceptor moieties,respectively.Theoretical calculations alongside experimental validations affirm the typical TSCT-TADF characteristics of this luminogen.Owing to the unique structural and electronic attributes of carboranes,Trz-mCzCbCz exhibits an orange-red emission,markedly diverging from the traditional blue-to-green emissions observed in classical Cz and Trz-based TADF molecules.Moreover,bright emission in aggregates was observed for Trz-mCzCbCz with absolute photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of up to 88.8%.As such,we have successfully fabricated five organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)by utilizing Trz-mCzCbCz as the emitting layer.It is important to note that both the reverse intersystem crossing process and the TADF properties are profoundly influenced by host materials.The fabricated OLED devices reached a maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE)of 12.7%,with an emission peak at 592 nm.This represents the highest recorded efficiency for TSCT-TADF OLEDs employing carborane derivatives as emitting layers.展开更多
The overall heat transfer coefficient(OHTC)of rock fractures is a fundamental parameter for characterizing the heat transfer behavior of rock fractures in hot dry rock(HDR)geothermal mining.Although a number of practi...The overall heat transfer coefficient(OHTC)of rock fractures is a fundamental parameter for characterizing the heat transfer behavior of rock fractures in hot dry rock(HDR)geothermal mining.Although a number of practical formulae for heat transfer coefficients have been developed in the literature,there is still no widely accepted analytical solution.This paper constructs highly accurate analytical solutions for the temperatures of the inner fracture wall and the fluid.Then they are employed to develop new definition-based formulae(formula A and its simplification formula B)of the OHTC,which are well validated by the experimental and numerical simulation results.An empirical correlation formula of heat transfer coefficient is proposed based on the definition-based formulae which can be directly used in the numerical simulations of heat transfer in rock fractures.A site-scale application example of numerical simulation also demonstrates the effectiveness of the empirical correlation formula.展开更多
Transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived fragments,a new type of tRNA-derived small RNA(tsRNA),can be cleaved from tRNA by enzymes to regulate target gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels.tsRNAs are not on...Transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived fragments,a new type of tRNA-derived small RNA(tsRNA),can be cleaved from tRNA by enzymes to regulate target gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels.tsRNAs are not only degradation fragments but also have biological functions,including those in immune inflammation,metabolic disorders,and cell death.tsRNA dysregulation is closely associated with multiple diseases,including various cancers and acute pancreatitis(AP).AP is a common gastrointestinal disease,and its incidence increases annually.AP development is associated with tsRNAs,which regulate cell injury and induce inflammation,especially pyroptosis and ferroptosis.Notably,serum tRF36 has the potential to serve as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker and leads to pancreatic acinar cell ferroptosis causing inflammation to promote AP.We show the characteristics of tsRNAs and their diagnostic value and function in AP,and discuss the potential opportunities and challenges of using tsRNAs in clinical applications and research.展开更多
Transferring patients with critical illnesses from general wards to intensive care units (ICUs) is a crucial and time-sensitive process. This article presents strategies for improving the efficiency of patient transfe...Transferring patients with critical illnesses from general wards to intensive care units (ICUs) is a crucial and time-sensitive process. This article presents strategies for improving the efficiency of patient transfers, particularly in hospitals where intensive care units are located in buildings separate from general wards. Patient transfers comprise several steps: physicians issue orders, relatives are notified, equipment is prepared, and medical staff coordinate. We identified three factors that influence transfer time: preparation time for bed transfer, time required for shift handovers, and time required for between-ward patient movement. Unfamiliarity with transfer routes and long elevator wait times were factors that also influenced transfer time. The following strategies were proposed: develop a standardized material checklist, design key notes for patient transfers, and optimize transfer routes. These strategies reduced transfer times by 40% to 43%. This study demonstrates that by addressing logistical challenges and streamlining relevant procedures, hospitals can enhance safety and quality of care during patient transfers.展开更多
A photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer complex(ICTC)-enabled photoreduction of trifluoromethyl phosphonium salt for the trifluoromethylation of heteroarenes was developed.It offers a convenient approach to intr...A photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer complex(ICTC)-enabled photoreduction of trifluoromethyl phosphonium salt for the trifluoromethylation of heteroarenes was developed.It offers a convenient approach to introduce trifluoromethyl group to a wide range of aromatic heterocycles,such as indoles,pyrrole,substituted benzene,coumarin,and chromone.This strategy provides operational simplicity,photocatalyst-,transition metal-,and oxidant-free conditions,making it highly advantageous.展开更多
Due to the complex high-temperature characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel,the research on the long-term working process of parallel channel structure under variable working conditions,especially under high heat-mass rat...Due to the complex high-temperature characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel,the research on the long-term working process of parallel channel structure under variable working conditions,especially under high heat-mass ratio,has not been systematically carried out.In this paper,the heat transfer and flow characteristics of related high temperature fuels are studied by using typical engine parallel channel structure.Through numeri⁃cal simulation and systematic experimental verification,the flow and heat transfer characteristics of parallel chan⁃nels under typical working conditions are obtained,and the effectiveness of high-precision calculation method is preliminarily established.It is known that the stable time required for hot start of regenerative cooling engine is about 50 s,and the flow resistance of parallel channel structure first increases and then decreases with the in⁃crease of equivalence ratio(The following equivalence ratio is expressed byΦ),and there is a flow resistance peak in the range ofΦ=0.5~0.8.This is mainly caused by the coupling effect of high temperature physical proper⁃ties,flow rate and pressure of fuel in parallel channels.At the same time,the cooling and heat transfer character⁃istics of parallel channels under some conditions of high heat-mass ratio are obtained,and the main factors affect⁃ing the heat transfer of parallel channels such as improving surface roughness and strengthening heat transfer are mastered.In the experiment,whenΦis less than 0.9,the phenomenon of local heat transfer enhancement and deterioration can be obviously observed,and the temperature rise of local structures exceeds 200℃,which is the risk of structural damage.Therefore,the reliability of long-term parallel channel structure under the condition of high heat-mass ratio should be fully considered in structural design.展开更多
A novel method for synthesis of quinazoline through the hydrogen transfer/annulation reaction using 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol and benzylamine as starting materials is presented.The reaction is catalyzed by a ruthenium(II)...A novel method for synthesis of quinazoline through the hydrogen transfer/annulation reaction using 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol and benzylamine as starting materials is presented.The reaction is catalyzed by a ruthenium(II)complex bearing a N-heterocyclic carbene nitrogen phosphine(CNP)ligand.The pronouncedα-donating capacity of the carbene within the CNP ligand of the catalyst plays a crucial role in stabilizing the catalytically active species.Additionally,the hemilability of the nitrogen facilitates the creation of coordination vacancies,which are essential for the activation of reaction substrate molecules.The synergistic interplay between these two functionalities markedly enhances catalytic efficiency.This catalytic system shows the significant catalytic activity and selectivity,along with a broad substrate adaptability.All substrates yield the target product in good to excellent yields with the maximum yield reaching 95%.Control experiments have substantiated that benzaldehyde and phenylmethanimine may serve as intermediates in the reaction,thereby reinforcing the role of benzylamine as both a hydrogen donor and a nitrogen source in the process.展开更多
Large-area two-dimensional(2D)materials,such as graphene,MoS_(2),WS_(2),h-BN,black phosphorus,and MXenes,are a class of advanced materials with many possible applications.Different applications need different substrat...Large-area two-dimensional(2D)materials,such as graphene,MoS_(2),WS_(2),h-BN,black phosphorus,and MXenes,are a class of advanced materials with many possible applications.Different applications need different substrates,and each substrate may need a different way of transferring the 2D material onto it.Problems such as local stress concentrations,an uneven surface tension,inconsistent adhesion,mechanical damage and contamination during the transfer can adversely affect the quality and properties of the transferred material.Therefore,how to improve the integrity,flatness and cleanness of large area 2D materials is a challenge.In order to achieve high-quality transfer,the main concern is to control the interface adhesion between the substrate,the 2D material and the transfer medium.This review focuses on this topic,and finally,in order to promote the industrial use of large area 2D materials,provides a recipe for this transfer process based on the requirements of the application,and points out the current problems and directions for future development.展开更多
Objective: This study evaluates the impact of handshake and information support on patients’ outcomes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It examines the effects on their physiological and psychological responses an...Objective: This study evaluates the impact of handshake and information support on patients’ outcomes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It examines the effects on their physiological and psychological responses and overall satisfaction with nursing care. Methods: A total of 84 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were selected through convenient sampling and randomly assigned to either the control group or the intervention group using a random number table. Each group consisted of 42 patients. The control group received standard surgical nursing care. In addition to standard care, the intervention group received handshake and information support from the circulating nurse before anesthesia induction. Vital signs were recorded before surgery and before anesthesia induction. Anxiety levels were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the State-Anxiety Inventory (S-AI), while nursing satisfaction was assessed using a numerical rating scale. Results: No significant differences were found between the two groups in systolic and diastolic blood pressures before surgery and anesthesia induction (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in heart rate before anesthesia induction (P Conclusion: Providing handshake and information support before anesthesia induction effectively reduces stress, alleviates anxiety, and enhances comfort and satisfaction among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.展开更多
This study analyzes the User Interface(UI)and User Experience(UX)of information systems that provide local government information.The systems analyzed are the Local Administrative Comprehensive Information Disclosure ...This study analyzes the User Interface(UI)and User Experience(UX)of information systems that provide local government information.The systems analyzed are the Local Administrative Comprehensive Information Disclosure System(Zheripan),the Integrated Local Financial Disclosure System(Qinching Online),and the Local Regulations Information System(12348 Zhejiang Legal Network).The Local Administrative Comprehensive Information Disclosure System offers public service and personnel information,while the Integrated Local Financial Disclosure System provides financial information,and the Local Regulations Information System offers legal information as its main content.The analysis framework utilized three elements:objective data,psychological factors,and heuristic evaluation.The results of the first objective data analysis show that approximately 70%of visits to Zheripan and Qinching Online are through search,and the time spent on the homepage is short.In contrast,about 70%of visits to the 12348 Zhejiang Legal Network are direct visits,with users browsing multiple pages with a clear purpose.In terms of data provision methods,Zheripan provides two types of data in three formats,Qinching Online offers 28 types of data in five formats,and 12348 Zhejiang Legal Network provides one type of information in a single format.The second psychological factor analysis found that all three websites had a number of menus suitable for short-term cognitive capacity.However,only one of the sites had a layout that considered the user’s eye movement.Finally,the heuristic evaluation revealed that most of the evaluation criteria were not met.While the design is relatively simple and follows standards,feedback for users,error prevention,and help options were lacking.Moreover,the user-specific usability was low,and the systems remained at the information-providing level.Based on these findings,both short-term and long-term improvement measures for creating an interactive system beyond simple information disclosure are proposed.展开更多
Graphene,owing to its exceptional electronic,optical,thermal,and mechanical properties,has emerged as a highly promising material.Currently,the synthesis of large-area graphene films on metal substrates via chemical v...Graphene,owing to its exceptional electronic,optical,thermal,and mechanical properties,has emerged as a highly promising material.Currently,the synthesis of large-area graphene films on metal substrates via chemical vapor deposition remains the predominant approach for producing high-quality graphene.To realize the potential applications of graphene,it is essential to transfer graphene films to target substrates in a manner that is non-destructive,clean,and efficient,as this significantly affects the performance of graphene devices.This review examines the current methods for graphene transfer from three perspectives:non-destructive transfer,clean transfer,and high-efficiency transfer.It analyzes and compares the advancements and limitations of various transfer techniques.Finally,the review identifies the key challenges faced by current graphene transfer methods and anticipates future developmental prospects.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62171187the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2022A1515011476+1 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou under Grant 201904010373the Key Program of Marine Economy Development (Six Marine Industries) Special Foundation of Department of Natural Resources of Guangdong Province (GDNRC [2020]009)。
文摘Wireless information and power transfer(WIPT) enables simultaneously communications and sustainable power supplement without the erection of power supply lines and the replacement operation of the batteries for the terminals. The application of WIPT to the underwater acoustic sensor networks(UWASNs) not only retains the long range communication capabilities, but also provides an auxiliary and convenient energy supplement way for the terminal sensors, and thus is a promising scheme to solve the energy-limited problem for the UWASNs. In this paper, we propose the integration of WIPT into the UWASNs and provide an overview on various enabling techniques for the WIPT based UWASNs(WIPT-UWASNs) as well as pointing out future research challenges and opportunities for WIPT-UWASNs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62272478,61872384)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.2023-JC-YB-584)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62172436)Engineering University of PAP’s Funding for Scientific Research Innovation Team,Engineering University of PAP’s Funding for Key Researcher(No.KYGG202011).
文摘This paper proposes an artificial intelligence-based robust information hiding algorithm to address the issue of confidential information being susceptible to noise attacks during transmission.The algorithm we designed aims to mitigate the impact of various noise attacks on the integrity of secret information during transmission.The method we propose involves encoding secret images into stylized encrypted images and applies adversarial transfer to both the style and content features of the original and embedded data.This process effectively enhances the concealment and imperceptibility of confidential information,thereby improving the security of such information during transmission and reducing security risks.Furthermore,we have designed a specialized attack layer to simulate real-world attacks and common noise scenarios encountered in practical environments.Through adversarial training,the algorithm is strengthened to enhance its resilience against attacks and overall robustness,ensuring better protection against potential threats.Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm successfully enhances the concealment and unknowability of secret information while maintaining embedding capacity.Additionally,it ensures the quality and fidelity of the stego image.The method we propose not only improves the security and robustness of information hiding technology but also holds practical application value in protecting sensitive data and ensuring the invisibility of confidential information.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,22338006,92356301,9235630033 and 22375062)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(21JC1401700)+4 种基金Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research(22TQ1400100-10)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesShanghai Pujiang Program(22PJ1402400)“Chenguang Program”supported by Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(22CGA32)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2023QNRC001).
文摘Organic nanophotocatalysts are promising candidates for solar fuels production,but they still face the challenge of unfavorable geminate recombination due to the limited exciton diffusion lengths.Here,we introduce a binary nanophotocatalyst fabricated by blending two polymers,PS-PEG5(PS)and PBT-PEG5(PBT),with matched absorption and emission spectra,enabling a Forster resonance energy transfer(FRET)process for enhanced photocatalysis.These heterostructure nanophotocatalysts are processed using a facile and scalable flash nanoprecipitation(FNP)technique with precious kinetic control over binary nanoparticle formation.The resulting nanoparticles exhibit an exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate up to 65 mmol g^(-1) h^(-1),2.5 times higher than that single component nanoparticles.Characterizations through fluorescence spectra and transient absorption spectra confirm the hetero-energy transfer within the binary nanoparticles,which prolongs the excited-state lifetime and extends the namely“effective exciton diffusion length”.Our finding opens new avenues for designing efficient organic photocatalysts by improving exciton migration.
基金supported by the National Defense Fundamental Research Project(No.JCKY2022404C005)the Nuclear Energy Development Project(No.23ZG6106)+1 种基金the Sichuan Scientific and Technological Achievements Transfer and Transformation Demonstration Project(No.2023ZHCG0026)the Mianyang Applied Technology Research and Development Project(No.2021ZYZF1005)。
文摘In scenarios such as vehicle radiation monitoring and unmanned aerial vehicle radiation detection,rapid measurements using a NaI(Tl)detector often result in low photon counts,weak characteristic peaks,and significant statistical fluctuations.These issues can lead to potential failures in peak-searching-based identification methods.To address the low precision associated with short-duration measurements of radionuclides,this paper proposes an identification algorithm that leverages heterogeneous spectral transfer to develop a low-count energy spectral identification model.Comparative experiments demonstrated that transferring samples from 26 classes of simulated heterogeneous gamma spectra aids in creating a reliable model for measured gamma spectra.With only 10%of target domain samples used for training,the accuracy on real low-count spectral samples was 95.56%.This performance shows a significant improvement over widely employed full-spectrum analysis methods trained on target domain samples.The proposed method also exhibits strong generalization capabilities,effectively mitigating overfitting issues in low-count energy spectral classification under short-duration measurements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21876039)Y.Yao acknowledges the scholarship support from the China Scholarship Council(No.202106695010)Partial support from the Australian Research Council for DP230102406 is also acknowledged.
文摘Catalytic oxidation of organic pollutants is a well-known and effective technique for pollutant abatement.Unfortunately,this method is significantly hindered in practical applications by the lowefficiency and difficult recovery of the catalysts in a powdery form.Herein,a three-dimensional(3D)framework of Fe-incorporated Ni_(3)S_(2)nanosheets in-situ grown on Ni foam(Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2)@NF)was fabricated by a facile two-step hydrothermal process and applied to trigger peroxymonosulfate(PMS)oxidation of organic compounds inwater.A homogeneous growth environment enabled the uniform and scalable growth of Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2)nanosheets on the Ni foam.Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2)@NF possessed outstanding activity and durability in activating PMS,as it effectively facilitated electron transfer from organic pollutants to PMS.Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2)@NF initially supplied electrons to PMS,causing the catalyst to undergo oxidation,and subsequently accepted electrons from organic compounds,returning to its initial state.The introduction of Fe into the Ni_(3)S_(2)lattice enhanced electrical conductivity,promoting mediated electron transfer between PMS and organic compounds.The 3D conductive Ni foam provided an ideal platform for the nucleation and growth of Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2),accelerating pollutant abatement due to its porous structure and high conductivity.Furthermore,its monolithic nature simplified the catalyst recycling process.A continuous flow packed-bed reactor by encapsulating Fe-Ni_(3)S_(2)@NF catalyst achieved complete pollutant abatement with continuous operation for 240 h,highlighting its immense potential for practical environmental remediation.This study presents a facile synthesis method for creating a novel type of monolithic catalyst with high activity and durability for decontamination through Fenton-like processes.
基金financially supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(No.2019QZKK1003)the Science and Technology Innovation Pro-gram of Hunan Province(No.2022RC1122)。
文摘Layered double hydroxide(LDH)based heterogonous peroxymonosulfate(PMS)activation degradation of pollutants has attracted extensive attention.The challenge is to selectively regulate the traditional free radical dominant degradation pathway into a nonradical degradation pathway.Herein,an interface ar-chitecture of Ti_(3) C_(2) T_(x)-MXene(MXene)loading on the Fe-Al LDH scaffold was developed,which showed excellent stability and robust resistance against harsh conditions.Significantly,the rate constant for tetra-cycline hydrochloride(TC)degradation in the MXene-LDH/PMS process was 0.421 min^(-1),which was ten times faster than the rate constant for pure Fe-Al LDH(0.042 min^(-1)).Specifically,more reactive Fe with the closer d-band center to the Fermi level results in higher electron transfer efficiency.The occupa-tions of Fe-3d orbitals in Mxene/Fe-Al LDH are pushed above the Fermi level to generate,which results in higher PMS adsorption and inhibition of the release of oxygen-containing active species intermedi-ates,leading to the enhanced^(1)O_(2) generation.Additionally,the built-in electric field in the heterojunc-tion was driven by the charge redistribution between MXene and Fe-Al LDH,resulting in a mediated-electron transfer mechanism,differentiating it from the Fe-Al LDH/PMS system.It was fascinating that MXene/Fe-Al LDH achieved satisfactory treatment efficiency in continuous column reactor and real landfill leachate.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC3009400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42307218 and U2239251).
文摘The current deep learning models for braced excavation cannot predict deformation from the beginning of excavation due to the need for a substantial corpus of sufficient historical data for training purposes.To address this issue,this study proposes a transfer learning model based on a sequence-to-sequence twodimensional(2D)convolutional long short-term memory neural network(S2SCL2D).The model can use the existing data from other adjacent similar excavations to achieve wall deflection prediction once a limited amount of monitoring data from the target excavation has been recorded.In the absence of adjacent excavation data,numerical simulation data from the target project can be employed instead.A weight update strategy is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy by integrating the stochastic gradient masking with an early stopping mechanism.To illustrate the proposed methodology,an excavation project in Hangzhou,China is adopted.The proposed deep transfer learning model,which uses either adjacent excavation data or numerical simulation data as the source domain,shows a significant improvement in performance when compared to the non-transfer learning model.Using the simulation data from the target project even leads to better prediction performance than using the actual monitoring data from other adjacent excavations.The results demonstrate that the proposed model can reasonably predict the deformation with limited data from the target project.
文摘In radiology,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is an essential diagnostic tool that provides detailed images of a patient’s anatomical and physiological structures.MRI is particularly effective for detecting soft tissue anomalies.Traditionally,radiologists manually interpret these images,which can be labor-intensive and time-consuming due to the vast amount of data.To address this challenge,machine learning,and deep learning approaches can be utilized to improve the accuracy and efficiency of anomaly detection in MRI scans.This manuscript presents the use of the Deep AlexNet50 model for MRI classification with discriminative learning methods.There are three stages for learning;in the first stage,the whole dataset is used to learn the features.In the second stage,some layers of AlexNet50 are frozen with an augmented dataset,and in the third stage,AlexNet50 with an augmented dataset with the augmented dataset.This method used three publicly available MRI classification datasets:Harvard whole brain atlas(HWBA-dataset),the School of Biomedical Engineering of Southern Medical University(SMU-dataset),and The National Institute of Neuroscience and Hospitals brain MRI dataset(NINS-dataset)for analysis.Various hyperparameter optimizers like Adam,stochastic gradient descent(SGD),Root mean square propagation(RMS prop),Adamax,and AdamW have been used to compare the performance of the learning process.HWBA-dataset registers maximum classification performance.We evaluated the performance of the proposed classification model using several quantitative metrics,achieving an average accuracy of 98%.
基金supported by the project“GEF9874:Strengthening Coordinated Approaches to Reduce Invasive Alien Species(lAS)Threats to Globally Significant Agrobiodiversity and Agroecosystems in China”funding from the Excellent Talent Training Funding Project in Dongcheng District,Beijing,with project number 2024-dchrcpyzz-9.
文摘Ecological monitoring vehicles are equipped with a range of sensors and monitoring devices designed to gather data on ecological and environmental factors.These vehicles are crucial in various fields,including environmental science research,ecological and environmental monitoring projects,disaster response,and emergency management.A key method employed in these vehicles for achieving high-precision positioning is LiDAR(lightlaser detection and ranging)-Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM).However,maintaining highprecision localization in complex scenarios,such as degraded environments or when dynamic objects are present,remains a significant challenge.To address this issue,we integrate both semantic and texture information from LiDAR and cameras to enhance the robustness and efficiency of data registration.Specifically,semantic information simplifies the modeling of scene elements,reducing the reliance on dense point clouds,which can be less efficient.Meanwhile,visual texture information complements LiDAR-Visual localization by providing additional contextual details.By incorporating semantic and texture details frompaired images and point clouds,we significantly improve the quality of data association,thereby increasing the success rate of localization.This approach not only enhances the operational capabilities of ecological monitoring vehicles in complex environments but also contributes to improving the overall efficiency and effectiveness of ecological monitoring and environmental protection efforts.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BZ2022007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92261202)+1 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(No.2021YFE0114800)the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(No.075-15-2021-1027).
文摘Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials driven by a through-space charge transfer(TSCT)mechanism have garnered wide interest.However,access of TSCT-TADF molecules with longwavelength emission remains a formidable challenge.In this study,we introduce a novel V-type DA-D-A’emitter,Trz-mCzCbCz,by using a carborane scaffold.This design strategically incorporates carbazole(Cz)and 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine(Trz)as donor and acceptor moieties,respectively.Theoretical calculations alongside experimental validations affirm the typical TSCT-TADF characteristics of this luminogen.Owing to the unique structural and electronic attributes of carboranes,Trz-mCzCbCz exhibits an orange-red emission,markedly diverging from the traditional blue-to-green emissions observed in classical Cz and Trz-based TADF molecules.Moreover,bright emission in aggregates was observed for Trz-mCzCbCz with absolute photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of up to 88.8%.As such,we have successfully fabricated five organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)by utilizing Trz-mCzCbCz as the emitting layer.It is important to note that both the reverse intersystem crossing process and the TADF properties are profoundly influenced by host materials.The fabricated OLED devices reached a maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE)of 12.7%,with an emission peak at 592 nm.This represents the highest recorded efficiency for TSCT-TADF OLEDs employing carborane derivatives as emitting layers.
基金support of this work by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.41972316 and 41672252).
文摘The overall heat transfer coefficient(OHTC)of rock fractures is a fundamental parameter for characterizing the heat transfer behavior of rock fractures in hot dry rock(HDR)geothermal mining.Although a number of practical formulae for heat transfer coefficients have been developed in the literature,there is still no widely accepted analytical solution.This paper constructs highly accurate analytical solutions for the temperatures of the inner fracture wall and the fluid.Then they are employed to develop new definition-based formulae(formula A and its simplification formula B)of the OHTC,which are well validated by the experimental and numerical simulation results.An empirical correlation formula of heat transfer coefficient is proposed based on the definition-based formulae which can be directly used in the numerical simulations of heat transfer in rock fractures.A site-scale application example of numerical simulation also demonstrates the effectiveness of the empirical correlation formula.
基金Supported by the Central South University Innovation-Driven Research Programme,No.2023CXQD075。
文摘Transfer RNA(tRNA)-derived fragments,a new type of tRNA-derived small RNA(tsRNA),can be cleaved from tRNA by enzymes to regulate target gene expression at the transcriptional and translational levels.tsRNAs are not only degradation fragments but also have biological functions,including those in immune inflammation,metabolic disorders,and cell death.tsRNA dysregulation is closely associated with multiple diseases,including various cancers and acute pancreatitis(AP).AP is a common gastrointestinal disease,and its incidence increases annually.AP development is associated with tsRNAs,which regulate cell injury and induce inflammation,especially pyroptosis and ferroptosis.Notably,serum tRF36 has the potential to serve as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker and leads to pancreatic acinar cell ferroptosis causing inflammation to promote AP.We show the characteristics of tsRNAs and their diagnostic value and function in AP,and discuss the potential opportunities and challenges of using tsRNAs in clinical applications and research.
文摘Transferring patients with critical illnesses from general wards to intensive care units (ICUs) is a crucial and time-sensitive process. This article presents strategies for improving the efficiency of patient transfers, particularly in hospitals where intensive care units are located in buildings separate from general wards. Patient transfers comprise several steps: physicians issue orders, relatives are notified, equipment is prepared, and medical staff coordinate. We identified three factors that influence transfer time: preparation time for bed transfer, time required for shift handovers, and time required for between-ward patient movement. Unfamiliarity with transfer routes and long elevator wait times were factors that also influenced transfer time. The following strategies were proposed: develop a standardized material checklist, design key notes for patient transfers, and optimize transfer routes. These strategies reduced transfer times by 40% to 43%. This study demonstrates that by addressing logistical challenges and streamlining relevant procedures, hospitals can enhance safety and quality of care during patient transfers.
文摘A photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer complex(ICTC)-enabled photoreduction of trifluoromethyl phosphonium salt for the trifluoromethylation of heteroarenes was developed.It offers a convenient approach to introduce trifluoromethyl group to a wide range of aromatic heterocycles,such as indoles,pyrrole,substituted benzene,coumarin,and chromone.This strategy provides operational simplicity,photocatalyst-,transition metal-,and oxidant-free conditions,making it highly advantageous.
文摘Due to the complex high-temperature characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel,the research on the long-term working process of parallel channel structure under variable working conditions,especially under high heat-mass ratio,has not been systematically carried out.In this paper,the heat transfer and flow characteristics of related high temperature fuels are studied by using typical engine parallel channel structure.Through numeri⁃cal simulation and systematic experimental verification,the flow and heat transfer characteristics of parallel chan⁃nels under typical working conditions are obtained,and the effectiveness of high-precision calculation method is preliminarily established.It is known that the stable time required for hot start of regenerative cooling engine is about 50 s,and the flow resistance of parallel channel structure first increases and then decreases with the in⁃crease of equivalence ratio(The following equivalence ratio is expressed byΦ),and there is a flow resistance peak in the range ofΦ=0.5~0.8.This is mainly caused by the coupling effect of high temperature physical proper⁃ties,flow rate and pressure of fuel in parallel channels.At the same time,the cooling and heat transfer character⁃istics of parallel channels under some conditions of high heat-mass ratio are obtained,and the main factors affect⁃ing the heat transfer of parallel channels such as improving surface roughness and strengthening heat transfer are mastered.In the experiment,whenΦis less than 0.9,the phenomenon of local heat transfer enhancement and deterioration can be obviously observed,and the temperature rise of local structures exceeds 200℃,which is the risk of structural damage.Therefore,the reliability of long-term parallel channel structure under the condition of high heat-mass ratio should be fully considered in structural design.
文摘A novel method for synthesis of quinazoline through the hydrogen transfer/annulation reaction using 2-nitrobenzyl alcohol and benzylamine as starting materials is presented.The reaction is catalyzed by a ruthenium(II)complex bearing a N-heterocyclic carbene nitrogen phosphine(CNP)ligand.The pronouncedα-donating capacity of the carbene within the CNP ligand of the catalyst plays a crucial role in stabilizing the catalytically active species.Additionally,the hemilability of the nitrogen facilitates the creation of coordination vacancies,which are essential for the activation of reaction substrate molecules.The synergistic interplay between these two functionalities markedly enhances catalytic efficiency.This catalytic system shows the significant catalytic activity and selectivity,along with a broad substrate adaptability.All substrates yield the target product in good to excellent yields with the maximum yield reaching 95%.Control experiments have substantiated that benzaldehyde and phenylmethanimine may serve as intermediates in the reaction,thereby reinforcing the role of benzylamine as both a hydrogen donor and a nitrogen source in the process.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1505200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22472140,22021001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20720210017 and 20720210009)。
文摘Large-area two-dimensional(2D)materials,such as graphene,MoS_(2),WS_(2),h-BN,black phosphorus,and MXenes,are a class of advanced materials with many possible applications.Different applications need different substrates,and each substrate may need a different way of transferring the 2D material onto it.Problems such as local stress concentrations,an uneven surface tension,inconsistent adhesion,mechanical damage and contamination during the transfer can adversely affect the quality and properties of the transferred material.Therefore,how to improve the integrity,flatness and cleanness of large area 2D materials is a challenge.In order to achieve high-quality transfer,the main concern is to control the interface adhesion between the substrate,the 2D material and the transfer medium.This review focuses on this topic,and finally,in order to promote the industrial use of large area 2D materials,provides a recipe for this transfer process based on the requirements of the application,and points out the current problems and directions for future development.
文摘Objective: This study evaluates the impact of handshake and information support on patients’ outcomes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It examines the effects on their physiological and psychological responses and overall satisfaction with nursing care. Methods: A total of 84 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were selected through convenient sampling and randomly assigned to either the control group or the intervention group using a random number table. Each group consisted of 42 patients. The control group received standard surgical nursing care. In addition to standard care, the intervention group received handshake and information support from the circulating nurse before anesthesia induction. Vital signs were recorded before surgery and before anesthesia induction. Anxiety levels were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the State-Anxiety Inventory (S-AI), while nursing satisfaction was assessed using a numerical rating scale. Results: No significant differences were found between the two groups in systolic and diastolic blood pressures before surgery and anesthesia induction (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in heart rate before anesthesia induction (P Conclusion: Providing handshake and information support before anesthesia induction effectively reduces stress, alleviates anxiety, and enhances comfort and satisfaction among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
文摘This study analyzes the User Interface(UI)and User Experience(UX)of information systems that provide local government information.The systems analyzed are the Local Administrative Comprehensive Information Disclosure System(Zheripan),the Integrated Local Financial Disclosure System(Qinching Online),and the Local Regulations Information System(12348 Zhejiang Legal Network).The Local Administrative Comprehensive Information Disclosure System offers public service and personnel information,while the Integrated Local Financial Disclosure System provides financial information,and the Local Regulations Information System offers legal information as its main content.The analysis framework utilized three elements:objective data,psychological factors,and heuristic evaluation.The results of the first objective data analysis show that approximately 70%of visits to Zheripan and Qinching Online are through search,and the time spent on the homepage is short.In contrast,about 70%of visits to the 12348 Zhejiang Legal Network are direct visits,with users browsing multiple pages with a clear purpose.In terms of data provision methods,Zheripan provides two types of data in three formats,Qinching Online offers 28 types of data in five formats,and 12348 Zhejiang Legal Network provides one type of information in a single format.The second psychological factor analysis found that all three websites had a number of menus suitable for short-term cognitive capacity.However,only one of the sites had a layout that considered the user’s eye movement.Finally,the heuristic evaluation revealed that most of the evaluation criteria were not met.While the design is relatively simple and follows standards,feedback for users,error prevention,and help options were lacking.Moreover,the user-specific usability was low,and the systems remained at the information-providing level.Based on these findings,both short-term and long-term improvement measures for creating an interactive system beyond simple information disclosure are proposed.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFB2009002).
文摘Graphene,owing to its exceptional electronic,optical,thermal,and mechanical properties,has emerged as a highly promising material.Currently,the synthesis of large-area graphene films on metal substrates via chemical vapor deposition remains the predominant approach for producing high-quality graphene.To realize the potential applications of graphene,it is essential to transfer graphene films to target substrates in a manner that is non-destructive,clean,and efficient,as this significantly affects the performance of graphene devices.This review examines the current methods for graphene transfer from three perspectives:non-destructive transfer,clean transfer,and high-efficiency transfer.It analyzes and compares the advancements and limitations of various transfer techniques.Finally,the review identifies the key challenges faced by current graphene transfer methods and anticipates future developmental prospects.
