In order to investigate the impact of urbanization and industrialization on surface water quality, a pilot study of Panzhihua （攀枝花） mining town was carried out. The urbanization of Panzhihua region was dominated ...In order to investigate the impact of urbanization and industrialization on surface water quality, a pilot study of Panzhihua （攀枝花） mining town was carried out. The urbanization of Panzhihua region was dominated by industry development and population growth. The level of urbanization showed that it was 18.44% in 1965, and reached 45.99% in 1983. Then, it reached 53.71% in 2005, so the urbanization process was very rapid in Panzhihua region. In the process of industrialization, the level of industrialization was fluctuated at around 70% from 1965 to 2005, which was influenced by mining, extracting, and smelting production. In the processes of urbanization, population growth caused an increase in life pollution sources, and an amount of effluents bearing coliform, COD （chemical oxygen demand）, NH4^＋-N, and BOD5 （five-day biological oxygen demand） were released into Jinsha （金沙） River, which could cause decline in the surface water quality. While in the processes of industrialization （especially industrial scale expansion）, more effluent bearing heavy metals could cause degra- dation of surface water quality. Thus, the measures, such as adjusting industry structure, optimizing the cleaning technology, and controlling pollution sources, should be enhanced to alleviate the current state of water quality exacerbation.展开更多
Using sequential DEA methodology, this paper has measured the variations in the technological gaps of China＇s industrial sectors compared with the world frontiers of technology. From a temporal dimension, variations ...Using sequential DEA methodology, this paper has measured the variations in the technological gaps of China＇s industrial sectors compared with the world frontiers of technology. From a temporal dimension, variations in the technological gaps of China＇s industrial sectors can be divided into the following four stages： slight abatement of technological gaps between 1985 and 1992, and between 1999 and 2007; stagnation in the variation of technological gaps between 1994 and 1999; and continuous abatement of technological gaps between 2008 and 2009. From the industry dimension, by 2009, 58.8% of China＇s industrial sectors had gradually reached or approached the world frontiers of technology; 29.4% of industrial sectors had experienced technological improvements but still lagged far behind the world frontiers of technology; 11.8% of industrial sectors significantly lagged behind the world frontiers of technology.展开更多
Noise presents health and social problems in industrial operations and is mainly related to machinery use.Noise is an important factor that affects work environment,and consequently affects both workers'health and...Noise presents health and social problems in industrial operations and is mainly related to machinery use.Noise is an important factor that affects work environment,and consequently affects both workers'health and efficiency.The US OSHA(Occupational Safety and Health Administration)specify six on-the-j ob physical hazards to health,noise is one of those hazards.There is little or no information about occupational noise exposure of workers within industrial and manufacturing sectors in the Gaza Strip.This is due to the difficulty of conducting noise exposure surveillance in such occupations and the lack of awareness regarding this issue.The objective of the current study is to evaluate the exposure of workers in different industrial sectors to occupational noise using a combined measurement and questionnaire approach The present study was conducted in different utilities industries in the Gaza Strip,in order to evaluate the noise levels at those factories and to develop awareness campaign among those workers.From the obtained data,it can be seen that almost all workers are exposed to higher noise levels than the recommended one by OSHA.Therefore it is necessary to start awareness campaign which informs the workers about noise as an occupational hazard.展开更多
Using the coupled coordination degree model,DEA coupled coordination efficiency model,and spatial autocorrelation model,this study explored the dynamic coupled coordination relationship and spatial correlation between...Using the coupled coordination degree model,DEA coupled coordination efficiency model,and spatial autocorrelation model,this study explored the dynamic coupled coordination relationship and spatial correlation between the ice-snow tourism network attention and tourism industry development in 31 Chinese provinces and proposed suggestions pertaining to development.Our findings showed that(1)most provinces have not yet achieved excellent coordinated development between the two systems,and the coupled coordination efficiency is low.Each province's coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency exhibited a small increase.(2)Spatial differences in the coupled coordination level and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province were more evident.In seven provinces,including Heilongjiang,tourism industry development demonstrated a relatively high utilization rate and enhanced ice-snow tourism network attention.(3)The rankings of the coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province remained relatively stable at the upper and lower ends,with large changes in the central provinces.The coupled coordination efficiency of Heilongjiang,Beijing,Jilin,and Shanghai remained at the top of the list steadily,whereas Xizang,Anhui,and Qinghai stayed at the bottom.In contrast,the ranking of the coupled coordination efficiency of Inner Mongolia,Henan,and Jiangsu displayed a great change.(4)The spatial correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation that decreased annually.Some provinces exhibited characteristics of spatial aggregation,with a high-high aggregation effect in Liaoning and Jilin,a low-low aggregation effect in Gansu and Qinghai,and no spatial aggregation effect in most other provinces.展开更多
Based on principal component analysis, coordinated development model and location entropy, this paper analyzes the coordinated development of regional scientific and technological innovation ability and industrial agg...Based on principal component analysis, coordinated development model and location entropy, this paper analyzes the coordinated development of regional scientific and technological innovation ability and industrial agglomeration level and the spatial differences in Yangtze River economic zone. Firstly, the regional science and technology innovation ability is divided into two parts： innovation input and innovation transformation result. The accumulation of knowledge outside the region is introduced as a variable influencing the correlation effect, and the index system of regional innovation capability is constructed. According to the degree of coordination between the regional technological innovation ability and the level of industrial agglomeration, the Yangtze River economic belt provinces and municipalities are divided into moderate disorder class, serious disorder class, extreme disorder class, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region interregional knowledge accumulation weak.展开更多
Optimization of a manufacturing process results in higher productivity and reduced wastes. Production parameters of a local steel bar manufacturing industry of Pakistan is optimized by using six Sigma-Define, measure,...Optimization of a manufacturing process results in higher productivity and reduced wastes. Production parameters of a local steel bar manufacturing industry of Pakistan is optimized by using six Sigma-Define, measure, analyze, improve, and controlmethodology. Production data is collected and analyzed. After analysis, experimental design result is used to identify significant factors affecting process performance. The significant factors are controlled to optimized level using two-level factorial design method. A regression model is developed that helps in the estimation of response under multi variable input values. Model is tested, verified, and validated by using industrial data collected at a local steel bar manufacturing industry of Peshawar（Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan）. The sigma level of the manufacturing process is improved to 4.01 from 3.58. The novelty of the research is the identification of the significant factors along with the optimum levels that affects the process yield, and the methodology to optimize the steel bar manufacturing process.展开更多
As China will change from a large industrial power into a strong industrial power in the 21stcentury, theinevitabledemand isfor industrialmodernization. Thispaperputs forward three criteria for judging the degree of r...As China will change from a large industrial power into a strong industrial power in the 21stcentury, theinevitabledemand isfor industrialmodernization. Thispaperputs forward three criteria for judging the degree of realization of industrialmodernization: industrial growth efficiency, industrial structure and industrial environment. Together with these, it constructsan indicatorsystem and indicesforevaluating thelevelofindustrialmodernization, and uses this indicator system to evaluate the level of China’s industrial modernization at theturn ofthecentury. TheresultingcomprehensiveindexofChina’sindustrialmodernization is28.72. This indicatesthat, through the rapid industrialization which hastaken place over more than 20 years of reform and opening up, China has commenced its industrial modernization, which is now in the primarystage of development. Thecore of thestrategy forfurther development should be to accelerate the process of industrial modernization.展开更多
Dynamic comprehensive assessment of regional power industry development levels is of paramount importance for understanding the development characteristics and potential of the local power industry.A tri-level evaluat...Dynamic comprehensive assessment of regional power industry development levels is of paramount importance for understanding the development characteristics and potential of the local power industry.A tri-level evaluation index system is established,describing five aspects of the local power industry development level,specifically,the coordination degree between the power industry and economy/energy,power generation,power consumption,power supply and development potential.A combination of information entropy and the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is used to establish a static evaluation model,and a blend of subjective opinions and objective data information is then realized.By aggregating the static evaluation model for each time period based on a time-ordered weighting vector calculated using time-ordered information entropy,a dynamic comprehensive evaluation model of power industry development level is established.By considering provincial data from China recorded during 2007 to 2016 as the sample set,through synchronic and diachronic comparisons of the evaluation results,the differences,characteristics and potential of local power industry development in China are explored.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40603017, 41073068)the New Century Excellent Talents Support Program of Ministry of Education (No. NCET-09-0230)+1 种基金the Doctoral Program of Specialized Research Fund for University (No. 20090003110021)Important National Science & Technology Specific Projects in China (No. 2009ZX07419-003)
文摘In order to investigate the impact of urbanization and industrialization on surface water quality, a pilot study of Panzhihua （攀枝花） mining town was carried out. The urbanization of Panzhihua region was dominated by industry development and population growth. The level of urbanization showed that it was 18.44% in 1965, and reached 45.99% in 1983. Then, it reached 53.71% in 2005, so the urbanization process was very rapid in Panzhihua region. In the process of industrialization, the level of industrialization was fluctuated at around 70% from 1965 to 2005, which was influenced by mining, extracting, and smelting production. In the processes of urbanization, population growth caused an increase in life pollution sources, and an amount of effluents bearing coliform, COD （chemical oxygen demand）, NH4^＋-N, and BOD5 （five-day biological oxygen demand） were released into Jinsha （金沙） River, which could cause decline in the surface water quality. While in the processes of industrialization （especially industrial scale expansion）, more effluent bearing heavy metals could cause degra- dation of surface water quality. Thus, the measures, such as adjusting industry structure, optimizing the cleaning technology, and controlling pollution sources, should be enhanced to alleviate the current state of water quality exacerbation.
文摘Using sequential DEA methodology, this paper has measured the variations in the technological gaps of China＇s industrial sectors compared with the world frontiers of technology. From a temporal dimension, variations in the technological gaps of China＇s industrial sectors can be divided into the following four stages： slight abatement of technological gaps between 1985 and 1992, and between 1999 and 2007; stagnation in the variation of technological gaps between 1994 and 1999; and continuous abatement of technological gaps between 2008 and 2009. From the industry dimension, by 2009, 58.8% of China＇s industrial sectors had gradually reached or approached the world frontiers of technology; 29.4% of industrial sectors had experienced technological improvements but still lagged far behind the world frontiers of technology; 11.8% of industrial sectors significantly lagged behind the world frontiers of technology.
文摘Noise presents health and social problems in industrial operations and is mainly related to machinery use.Noise is an important factor that affects work environment,and consequently affects both workers'health and efficiency.The US OSHA(Occupational Safety and Health Administration)specify six on-the-j ob physical hazards to health,noise is one of those hazards.There is little or no information about occupational noise exposure of workers within industrial and manufacturing sectors in the Gaza Strip.This is due to the difficulty of conducting noise exposure surveillance in such occupations and the lack of awareness regarding this issue.The objective of the current study is to evaluate the exposure of workers in different industrial sectors to occupational noise using a combined measurement and questionnaire approach The present study was conducted in different utilities industries in the Gaza Strip,in order to evaluate the noise levels at those factories and to develop awareness campaign among those workers.From the obtained data,it can be seen that almost all workers are exposed to higher noise levels than the recommended one by OSHA.Therefore it is necessary to start awareness campaign which informs the workers about noise as an occupational hazard.
基金supported by The Science and Technology program of Gansu Province(Grant No.23ZDFA017).
文摘Using the coupled coordination degree model,DEA coupled coordination efficiency model,and spatial autocorrelation model,this study explored the dynamic coupled coordination relationship and spatial correlation between the ice-snow tourism network attention and tourism industry development in 31 Chinese provinces and proposed suggestions pertaining to development.Our findings showed that(1)most provinces have not yet achieved excellent coordinated development between the two systems,and the coupled coordination efficiency is low.Each province's coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency exhibited a small increase.(2)Spatial differences in the coupled coordination level and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province were more evident.In seven provinces,including Heilongjiang,tourism industry development demonstrated a relatively high utilization rate and enhanced ice-snow tourism network attention.(3)The rankings of the coupled coordination degree and coordination efficiency of the two systems in each province remained relatively stable at the upper and lower ends,with large changes in the central provinces.The coupled coordination efficiency of Heilongjiang,Beijing,Jilin,and Shanghai remained at the top of the list steadily,whereas Xizang,Anhui,and Qinghai stayed at the bottom.In contrast,the ranking of the coupled coordination efficiency of Inner Mongolia,Henan,and Jiangsu displayed a great change.(4)The spatial correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation that decreased annually.Some provinces exhibited characteristics of spatial aggregation,with a high-high aggregation effect in Liaoning and Jilin,a low-low aggregation effect in Gansu and Qinghai,and no spatial aggregation effect in most other provinces.
文摘Based on principal component analysis, coordinated development model and location entropy, this paper analyzes the coordinated development of regional scientific and technological innovation ability and industrial agglomeration level and the spatial differences in Yangtze River economic zone. Firstly, the regional science and technology innovation ability is divided into two parts： innovation input and innovation transformation result. The accumulation of knowledge outside the region is introduced as a variable influencing the correlation effect, and the index system of regional innovation capability is constructed. According to the degree of coordination between the regional technological innovation ability and the level of industrial agglomeration, the Yangtze River economic belt provinces and municipalities are divided into moderate disorder class, serious disorder class, extreme disorder class, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region interregional knowledge accumulation weak.
文摘Optimization of a manufacturing process results in higher productivity and reduced wastes. Production parameters of a local steel bar manufacturing industry of Pakistan is optimized by using six Sigma-Define, measure, analyze, improve, and controlmethodology. Production data is collected and analyzed. After analysis, experimental design result is used to identify significant factors affecting process performance. The significant factors are controlled to optimized level using two-level factorial design method. A regression model is developed that helps in the estimation of response under multi variable input values. Model is tested, verified, and validated by using industrial data collected at a local steel bar manufacturing industry of Peshawar（Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan）. The sigma level of the manufacturing process is improved to 4.01 from 3.58. The novelty of the research is the identification of the significant factors along with the optimum levels that affects the process yield, and the methodology to optimize the steel bar manufacturing process.
基金The paper is based on the word under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences major research projict "Strdy of the Interaction of Industrialization , Industrialization and Industrial Modernization"
文摘As China will change from a large industrial power into a strong industrial power in the 21stcentury, theinevitabledemand isfor industrialmodernization. Thispaperputs forward three criteria for judging the degree of realization of industrialmodernization: industrial growth efficiency, industrial structure and industrial environment. Together with these, it constructsan indicatorsystem and indicesforevaluating thelevelofindustrialmodernization, and uses this indicator system to evaluate the level of China’s industrial modernization at theturn ofthecentury. TheresultingcomprehensiveindexofChina’sindustrialmodernization is28.72. This indicatesthat, through the rapid industrialization which hastaken place over more than 20 years of reform and opening up, China has commenced its industrial modernization, which is now in the primarystage of development. Thecore of thestrategy forfurther development should be to accelerate the process of industrial modernization.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51777104the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China.
文摘Dynamic comprehensive assessment of regional power industry development levels is of paramount importance for understanding the development characteristics and potential of the local power industry.A tri-level evaluation index system is established,describing five aspects of the local power industry development level,specifically,the coordination degree between the power industry and economy/energy,power generation,power consumption,power supply and development potential.A combination of information entropy and the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is used to establish a static evaluation model,and a blend of subjective opinions and objective data information is then realized.By aggregating the static evaluation model for each time period based on a time-ordered weighting vector calculated using time-ordered information entropy,a dynamic comprehensive evaluation model of power industry development level is established.By considering provincial data from China recorded during 2007 to 2016 as the sample set,through synchronic and diachronic comparisons of the evaluation results,the differences,characteristics and potential of local power industry development in China are explored.
