In this paper,we combine the teaching and learning situation of deaf and hard-of-hearing students in the Linear Algebra course of the Computer Science and Technology major at the Nanjing Normal University of Special E...In this paper,we combine the teaching and learning situation of deaf and hard-of-hearing students in the Linear Algebra course of the Computer Science and Technology major at the Nanjing Normal University of Special Education.Based on the cognitive style of deaf and hard-of-hearing students,we apply example induction,exhaustive induction,and mathematical induction to the teaching of Linear Algebra by utilizing specific course content.The aim is to design comprehensive teaching that caters to the cognitive style characteristics of deaf and hard-of-hearing students,strengthen their mathematical thinking styles such as quantitative thinking,algorithmic thinking,symbolic thinking,visual thinking,logical thinking,and creative thinking,and enhance the effectiveness of classroom teaching and learning outcomes in Linear Algebra for deaf and hard-of-hearing students.展开更多
Previous studies of young people have revealed that the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)plays an important role in inductive reasoning.An fMRI experiment was performed in this study to examine whether the le...Previous studies of young people have revealed that the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)plays an important role in inductive reasoning.An fMRI experiment was performed in this study to examine whether the left DLPFC was involved in inductive reasoning of MCI patients and normal agings,and whether the activation pattern of this region was different between MCI patients and normal agings.The fMRI results indicated that MCI patients had no difference from normal agings in behavior performance(reaction time and accuracy)and the activation pattern of DLPFC.However,the BOLD response of the DLPFC region for MCI patients was weaker than that for normal agings,and the functional connectivity between the bilateral DLPFC regions for MCI patients was significantly higher than for normal agings.Taken together,these results indicated that DLPFC plays an important role in inductive reasoning of agings,and the functional abnormity of DLPFC may be an earlier marker of MCI before structural alterations.展开更多
MATHEMATICS INVOLVES THE STUDY OF PATTERNS. IN EVERYDAY LIFE, WE FREQUENTLY RELY ON PATTERNS AND ROUTINES THAT WE ASSUME WILL CONTINUE TO BE HELPFUL IN DRAWING CONCLUSIONS. HERE IS AN EX- AMPLE. THE LAST SIX TIMES I W...MATHEMATICS INVOLVES THE STUDY OF PATTERNS. IN EVERYDAY LIFE, WE FREQUENTLY RELY ON PATTERNS AND ROUTINES THAT WE ASSUME WILL CONTINUE TO BE HELPFUL IN DRAWING CONCLUSIONS. HERE IS AN EX- AMPLE. THE LAST SIX TIMES I WENT TO THE BEACH, THE TRAFFIC WAS LIGHT ON WEDNESDAYS AND HEAVY ON SUNDAYS.MY CONCLUSION IS THAT WEEKDAYS HAVE LIGHTER TRAFFIC THAN WEEKENDS.展开更多
As a child you learned by experimenting with the natural world about you．You learned how to walk．talk,and hold your spoon,all by trial and error．After many tries,you eventually learned how to ride your first bicycl...As a child you learned by experimenting with the natural world about you．You learned how to walk．talk,and hold your spoon,all by trial and error．After many tries,you eventually learned how to ride your first bicycle,discovering it was easier to keep your bal- ance if you kept the bike moving．You learned by expe- rience that counterclockwise motion turns on a water faucet and a clockwise motion turns it off．Most of your learning has been by a process called inductive reasoning．展开更多
As a child you learned by experimenting with the natural world about you．You learn ed how to walk,talk,and hold your spoon, all by trial and error．After many tries,you e ventually learned how to ride your bicycle, d...As a child you learned by experimenting with the natural world about you．You learn ed how to walk,talk,and hold your spoon, all by trial and error．After many tries,you e ventually learned how to ride your bicycle, discovering it was easier to keep your展开更多
Now we have a good understanding of inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. In order to put them into practice, we should do some exercises. Practice Exercises Which reasoning process is shown in the following ex...Now we have a good understanding of inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. In order to put them into practice, we should do some exercises. Practice Exercises Which reasoning process is shown in the following example? Explain your answer. 1. We examine the fingerprints of 1000 people. No two individuals in this group of people have identical fingerprints. We conclude that for all people, no two people have identical fingerprints.展开更多
This paper explores the theoretical and empirical foundations of mental imagery and inductive reasoning within cognitive psychology,with a particular focus on their epistemological tensions and functional complementar...This paper explores the theoretical and empirical foundations of mental imagery and inductive reasoning within cognitive psychology,with a particular focus on their epistemological tensions and functional complementarities.The first part examines the longstanding debate between pictorial and propositional theories of mental representation,highlighting pivotal contributions by Kosslyn,Pylyshyn,Paivio,Shepard,and Cooper.Drawing on neuroimaging,behavioral experimentation,and computational modeling,the paper argues that mental images preserve spatial and perceptual properties and are manipulated in ways that mirror actual perception,thereby supporting the analogical view.These findings are contrasted with symbolic or propositional accounts,which emphasize the abstract,language-like structure of thought.The Kosslyn–Pylyshyn debate is analyzed as a paradigmatic conflict that shaped subsequent empirical methodologies and conceptual assumptions in the field.The second part focuses on inductive reasoning as a probabilistic,experience-driven process that underpins concept formation,categorization,and adaptive learning.The paper investigates the interplay between attention,perception,and memory in constructing conjunctive,disjunctive,and relational concepts.Inductive reasoning is shown to support decision-making in dynamic,uncertain environments through flexible cognitive strategies.Both imagery and induction are examined in their applied dimensions,ranging from clinical psychology and education to AI and neuroscience,where they inform therapeutic tools,instructional design,and cognitive modeling.Methodological insights from neuropsychology and qualitative introspection are integrated to underline the dynamic,multimodal nature of these processes.The paper concludes by proposing that imagery and inductive reasoning are not only theoretically interdependent but also crucial for advancing cognitive science and its practical applications.展开更多
The commencement speech becomes pivotal because it inspires,educates,and enlightens the graduates.Therefore,it is of great value to make a study on the speeches.This article analyzes two commencement speeches between ...The commencement speech becomes pivotal because it inspires,educates,and enlightens the graduates.Therefore,it is of great value to make a study on the speeches.This article analyzes two commencement speeches between China and America from the perspective of rhetoric,namely Aristotle’s appeals as the well as deductive and inductive method of reasoning and finds out that the similarities and differences of those two speeches concerning Aristotle’s appeals as the well as deductive and inductive method of reasoning.展开更多
文摘In this paper,we combine the teaching and learning situation of deaf and hard-of-hearing students in the Linear Algebra course of the Computer Science and Technology major at the Nanjing Normal University of Special Education.Based on the cognitive style of deaf and hard-of-hearing students,we apply example induction,exhaustive induction,and mathematical induction to the teaching of Linear Algebra by utilizing specific course content.The aim is to design comprehensive teaching that caters to the cognitive style characteristics of deaf and hard-of-hearing students,strengthen their mathematical thinking styles such as quantitative thinking,algorithmic thinking,symbolic thinking,visual thinking,logical thinking,and creative thinking,and enhance the effectiveness of classroom teaching and learning outcomes in Linear Algebra for deaf and hard-of-hearing students.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60775039)the Grant-in-aid for Scientific Research(Grant No.18300053)from the Japanese Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technologythe outstanding doctor innovative foundation of Beijing University of Technology
文摘Previous studies of young people have revealed that the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)plays an important role in inductive reasoning.An fMRI experiment was performed in this study to examine whether the left DLPFC was involved in inductive reasoning of MCI patients and normal agings,and whether the activation pattern of this region was different between MCI patients and normal agings.The fMRI results indicated that MCI patients had no difference from normal agings in behavior performance(reaction time and accuracy)and the activation pattern of DLPFC.However,the BOLD response of the DLPFC region for MCI patients was weaker than that for normal agings,and the functional connectivity between the bilateral DLPFC regions for MCI patients was significantly higher than for normal agings.Taken together,these results indicated that DLPFC plays an important role in inductive reasoning of agings,and the functional abnormity of DLPFC may be an earlier marker of MCI before structural alterations.
文摘MATHEMATICS INVOLVES THE STUDY OF PATTERNS. IN EVERYDAY LIFE, WE FREQUENTLY RELY ON PATTERNS AND ROUTINES THAT WE ASSUME WILL CONTINUE TO BE HELPFUL IN DRAWING CONCLUSIONS. HERE IS AN EX- AMPLE. THE LAST SIX TIMES I WENT TO THE BEACH, THE TRAFFIC WAS LIGHT ON WEDNESDAYS AND HEAVY ON SUNDAYS.MY CONCLUSION IS THAT WEEKDAYS HAVE LIGHTER TRAFFIC THAN WEEKENDS.
文摘As a child you learned by experimenting with the natural world about you．You learned how to walk．talk,and hold your spoon,all by trial and error．After many tries,you eventually learned how to ride your first bicycle,discovering it was easier to keep your bal- ance if you kept the bike moving．You learned by expe- rience that counterclockwise motion turns on a water faucet and a clockwise motion turns it off．Most of your learning has been by a process called inductive reasoning．
文摘As a child you learned by experimenting with the natural world about you．You learn ed how to walk,talk,and hold your spoon, all by trial and error．After many tries,you e ventually learned how to ride your bicycle, discovering it was easier to keep your
文摘Now we have a good understanding of inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. In order to put them into practice, we should do some exercises. Practice Exercises Which reasoning process is shown in the following example? Explain your answer. 1. We examine the fingerprints of 1000 people. No two individuals in this group of people have identical fingerprints. We conclude that for all people, no two people have identical fingerprints.
文摘This paper explores the theoretical and empirical foundations of mental imagery and inductive reasoning within cognitive psychology,with a particular focus on their epistemological tensions and functional complementarities.The first part examines the longstanding debate between pictorial and propositional theories of mental representation,highlighting pivotal contributions by Kosslyn,Pylyshyn,Paivio,Shepard,and Cooper.Drawing on neuroimaging,behavioral experimentation,and computational modeling,the paper argues that mental images preserve spatial and perceptual properties and are manipulated in ways that mirror actual perception,thereby supporting the analogical view.These findings are contrasted with symbolic or propositional accounts,which emphasize the abstract,language-like structure of thought.The Kosslyn–Pylyshyn debate is analyzed as a paradigmatic conflict that shaped subsequent empirical methodologies and conceptual assumptions in the field.The second part focuses on inductive reasoning as a probabilistic,experience-driven process that underpins concept formation,categorization,and adaptive learning.The paper investigates the interplay between attention,perception,and memory in constructing conjunctive,disjunctive,and relational concepts.Inductive reasoning is shown to support decision-making in dynamic,uncertain environments through flexible cognitive strategies.Both imagery and induction are examined in their applied dimensions,ranging from clinical psychology and education to AI and neuroscience,where they inform therapeutic tools,instructional design,and cognitive modeling.Methodological insights from neuropsychology and qualitative introspection are integrated to underline the dynamic,multimodal nature of these processes.The paper concludes by proposing that imagery and inductive reasoning are not only theoretically interdependent but also crucial for advancing cognitive science and its practical applications.
文摘The commencement speech becomes pivotal because it inspires,educates,and enlightens the graduates.Therefore,it is of great value to make a study on the speeches.This article analyzes two commencement speeches between China and America from the perspective of rhetoric,namely Aristotle’s appeals as the well as deductive and inductive method of reasoning and finds out that the similarities and differences of those two speeches concerning Aristotle’s appeals as the well as deductive and inductive method of reasoning.
