The ongoing revolution in information technology is reshaping human life. In the realm of health behavior, wearable technology emerges as a leading digital solution,capturing physical behaviors (i.e., physical activit...The ongoing revolution in information technology is reshaping human life. In the realm of health behavior, wearable technology emerges as a leading digital solution,capturing physical behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary habits, sleep patterns) within the 24-h cycle of daily life. Wearables are applied in research, clinical practice, and as lifestyle devices;most obvious, they promise to be a key element for increasing human physical activity, one of the biggest health challenges nowadays.展开更多
Increased matrix stiffness of nucleus pulposus(NP)tissue is a main feature of intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)and affects various functions of nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs).Glycolysis is the main energy source fo...Increased matrix stiffness of nucleus pulposus(NP)tissue is a main feature of intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)and affects various functions of nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs).Glycolysis is the main energy source for NPC survival,but the effects and underlying mechanisms of increased extracellular matrix(ECM)stiffness on NPC glycolysis remain unknown.In this study,hydrogels with different stiffness were established to mimic the mechanical environment of NPCs.Notably,increased matrix stiffness in degenerated NP tissues from IVDD patients was accompanied with impaired glycolysis,and NPCs cultured on rigid substrates exhibited a reduction in glycolysis.展开更多
Taihu Snow (838262) is a home textile manufacturing company listed on the Beijing Stock Exchange in 2022.It is a bedding manufacturer focusing on silk products.The company was esta blished on May 18,2006,Centered arou...Taihu Snow (838262) is a home textile manufacturing company listed on the Beijing Stock Exchange in 2022.It is a bedding manufacturer focusing on silk products.The company was esta blished on May 18,2006,Centered around the"Taihu Snow"brand,its products cover suite products (such as pillowcases,quilt covers,sheets),quilt cores,silk scarves and otheremerging retail products.展开更多
Many experiments have supported the contact models,such as the GW and MB models,but the majority of previous validations have been performed under light loads,resulting in a linear relationship between normal force an...Many experiments have supported the contact models,such as the GW and MB models,but the majority of previous validations have been performed under light loads,resulting in a linear relationship between normal force and contact area.However,the real contact area fraction should never equal one;there must be a limit smaller than the apparent area,implying that the real contact area cannot increase linearly indefinitely.In this paper,the real contact area between two polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)blocks under heavy load is measured using the total reflection method,and the contact area is analyzed using the image processing method.The results show that the real contact area increases with normal load linearly in light loads but non-linearly in heavy loads;the number of contact spots increases with load linearly in light loads but also non-linearly in heavy loads,synchronous with the change in the real contact area.The GW,MB,and Zhao,Maietta,and Chang(ZMC)models were used to predict the experiment results,but none of them predicted the non-linear stage.A revised GW model based on the bulk deformation hypothesis performs better in predicting the non-linear stage.The study’s findings can be applied to PMMA or other similar materials,and they can serve as a useful reference for future research on the contact mechanisms of other materials.展开更多
The progressive impact of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP)infection on gut microbial function in Litopenaeus vannamei remains poorly understood beyond static comparisons between healthy and infected individuals.To clo...The progressive impact of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP)infection on gut microbial function in Litopenaeus vannamei remains poorly understood beyond static comparisons between healthy and infected individuals.To close this knowledge gap,metagenomic sequencing was used to characterize the gut microbiomes of normal,long,medium,and short-sized adult shrimp categorized by increasing severity of infection.EHP infection suppressed digestive activity while inducing immune responses compared with healthy shrimp.Increasing infection severity was associated with a gradual decline in gutα-diversity and an expansion of potential pathogens and virulence factors(VFs).In addition,dysbiosis in gut microbiota composition and function,as well as reduced network stability among differential species,intensified with infection severity.Accordingly,we identified 24 EHP-discriminatory species that contributed an overall 83.3%accuracy in diagnosing infection severity without false negatives.Functional pathway analysis revealed significant suppression of metabolic,degradative,and biosynthetic processes in EHP-infected shrimp compared with healthy controls.Among them,map00630 glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism and map00280 valine,leucine and isoleucine degradation were consistently depleted in infected individuals,thereby impairing their digestive function and anti-inflammatory responses.Additionally,EHP infection diversified VFs directly affecting shrimp gut microbiome.These findings support a conceptual model linking EHP pathogenesis to the parasite-gut microbiome-shrimp physiology axis.展开更多
Recently,an article was published on solid effect(SE)dynamic nuclear polarization(DNP)enhancement,where the au-thors reported achieving 1H enhancement factors up to 500 by increasing the microwave power at 9.4 T,marki...Recently,an article was published on solid effect(SE)dynamic nuclear polarization(DNP)enhancement,where the au-thors reported achieving 1H enhancement factors up to 500 by increasing the microwave power at 9.4 T,marking the highest SE enhancement to date[1].展开更多
In the new released article of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,Zaccardi et al.1 provide compelling evidence that engaging in higher volumes and intensities of physical activity(PA)increases life expectancy in ...In the new released article of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,Zaccardi et al.1 provide compelling evidence that engaging in higher volumes and intensities of physical activity(PA)increases life expectancy in older men and women enrolled in the UK Biobank study.The study included 30,820 men and 40,953 women with median ages of 63.1 years and 61.9 years,respectively.Study participants wore accelerometers to track their time and intensity of PA for 7 days at baseline.展开更多
It is shown that time asymmetry is essential for deriving thermodynamic law and arises from the turnover of energy while reducing its information content and driving entropy increase. A dynamically interpreted princip...It is shown that time asymmetry is essential for deriving thermodynamic law and arises from the turnover of energy while reducing its information content and driving entropy increase. A dynamically interpreted principle of least action enables time asymmetry and time flow as a generation of action and redefines useful energy as an information system which implements a form of acting information. This is demonstrated using a basic formula, originally applied for time symmetry/energy conservation considerations, relating time asymmetry (which is conventionally denied but here expressly allowed), to energy behaviour. The results derived then explained that a dynamic energy is driving time asymmetry. It is doing it by decreasing the information content of useful energy, thus generating action and entropy increase, explaining action-time as an information phenomenon. Thermodynamic laws follow directly. The formalism derived readily explains what energy is, why it is conserved (1st law of thermodynamics), why entropy increases (2nd law) and that maximum entropy production within the restraints of the system controls self-organized processes of non-linear irreversible thermodynamics. The general significance of the principle of least action arises from its role of controlling the action generating oriented time of nature. These results contrast with present understanding of time neutrality and clock-time, which are here considered a source of paradoxes, intellectual contradictions and dead-end roads in models explaining nature and the universe.展开更多
Since the beginning of this year, the China-US economic and trade tensions have brought many challenges to China's clothing export companies. Nevertheless, in the face of difficulties, China's clothing foreign...Since the beginning of this year, the China-US economic and trade tensions have brought many challenges to China's clothing export companies. Nevertheless, in the face of difficulties, China's clothing foreign trade still shows strong resilience and adaptability. From January to May, China's clothing exports showed characteristics such as increased volume, lower prices, category differentiation, and multi-point market layout. Meanwhile, Chinese clothing companies have actively responded to trade friction impacts by closely monitoring tariff negotiations, accelerating transformation and upgrading, exploring diversified international markets, and deepening domestic markets.展开更多
In the context of the prevalent winter air quality issues in China marked by declining PM_(2.5)and rising O_(3),this study employed amodified WRF-Chem model to examine the aerosol radiation interaction(ARI),heterogene...In the context of the prevalent winter air quality issues in China marked by declining PM_(2.5)and rising O_(3),this study employed amodified WRF-Chem model to examine the aerosol radiation interaction(ARI),heterogeneous chemistry(AHC),and their combined impact(ALL)on the variations in O_(3)and PM_(2.5)during the 2014–2020 in eastern China.Our analysis confirmed that ARI curtailed O_(3)while elevating PM_(2.5).AHC reduced O_(3)through heterogeneous absorption of NOx and hydroxideswhile notably fostering fine-grained sulfate,resulting in a PM_(2.5)increase.Emission reductions mitigated the inhibitory impact of ARI on meteorological fields and photolysis rates.Emission reduction individually without aerosol feedback led to a 5.43 ppb O_(3)increase and a 22.89μg/m^(3)PM_(2.5)decrease.ARI and AHC amplified the emission-reduction-induced(ERI)O_(3)rise by 1.83 and 0.31 ppb,respectively.The response of ARI to emission diminution brought about a modest PM_(2.5)increase of 0.31μg/m^(3).Conversely,AHC,acting as the primary contributor,caused a noteworthy PM_(2.5)decrease of 4.60μg/m^(3).As efforts concentrate on reducing PM_(2.5),the promotion of ARI on PM_(2.5)counterbalanced the efficacy of emission reduction and the AHC-induced strengthening of PM_(2.5)decrease.The ALL magnified the ERI O_(3)increase by 38.9%and PM_(2.5)decrease by 18.7%.Sensitivity experiments with different degrees of emission reduction demonstrated a consistent linear relationship between the ALL-induced enhancement of O_(3)increase and PM_(2.5)decrease to the ERI PM_(2.5)decline.Our investigation revealed the complex connection between emissions and aerosol feedback in influencing air quality.展开更多
Nonlinear transforms have significantly advanced learned image compression(LIC),particularly using residual blocks.This transform enhances the nonlinear expression ability and obtain compact feature representation by ...Nonlinear transforms have significantly advanced learned image compression(LIC),particularly using residual blocks.This transform enhances the nonlinear expression ability and obtain compact feature representation by enlarging the receptive field,which indicates how the convolution process extracts features in a high dimensional feature space.However,its functionality is restricted to the spatial dimension and network depth,limiting further improvements in network performance due to insufficient information interaction and representation.Crucially,the potential of high dimensional feature space in the channel dimension and the exploration of network width/resolution remain largely untapped.In this paper,we consider nonlinear transforms from the perspective of feature space,defining high-dimensional feature spaces in different dimensions and investigating the specific effects.Firstly,we introduce the dimension increasing and decreasing transforms in both channel and spatial dimensions to obtain high dimensional feature space and achieve better feature extraction.Secondly,we design a channel-spatial fusion residual transform(CSR),which incorporates multi-dimensional transforms for a more effective representation.Furthermore,we simplify the proposed fusion transform to obtain a slim architecture(CSR-sm),balancing network complexity and compression performance.Finally,we build the overall network with stacked CSR transforms to achieve better compression and reconstruction.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve superior ratedistortion performance compared to the existing LIC methods and traditional codecs.Specifically,our proposed method achieves 9.38%BD-rate reduction over VVC on Kodak dataset.展开更多
The water-energy nexus is a key area of focus in efforts to achieve the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.As population growth and climate change continue to strain both water and energy systems,innovativ...The water-energy nexus is a key area of focus in efforts to achieve the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.As population growth and climate change continue to strain both water and energy systems,innovative and integrated solutions are required that take into account the inextricable interdependen-cies of these systems.Optimizing resource use,reducing carbon emissions,and increasing system resilience are no longer optional;they are critical imperatives for a sustainable future.This special issue of Engineering presents groundbreaking research exploring the synergies and tradeoffs within the water-energy nexus,offer-ing invaluable insights for policymakers,engineers,and researchers.展开更多
I am writing this letter to present a case of uveal effusion syndrome(UES)caused by pulmonary hypertension found due to intermittent high intraocular pressure(IOP).Pulmonary hypertension increases cardiac afterload du...I am writing this letter to present a case of uveal effusion syndrome(UES)caused by pulmonary hypertension found due to intermittent high intraocular pressure(IOP).Pulmonary hypertension increases cardiac afterload due to elevated pulmonary vascular resistance,leading to right heart failure and death[1].Notably,ocular complications of pulmonary hypertension have been reported less frequently[2-5].Ophthalmologists need to increase the understanding of the disease so as to perform the proper treatment for these patients.Ethical Approval The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of the images and data included in this article.展开更多
The U.S.administration's decision tounilaterally impose sweeping tariff increas-es on tmported goods represents a signifi-cant challenge to the existing global tradingsystem,which has long been structuredaround mu...The U.S.administration's decision tounilaterally impose sweeping tariff increas-es on tmported goods represents a signifi-cant challenge to the existing global tradingsystem,which has long been structuredaround multilateral(WTO),regional,andbilateral(FTA)trade agreements.展开更多
The goal of this paper is to investigate the theory of Noether solvability for Volterra singular integral equations(VSIEs)with convolution and Cauchy kernels in a more general function class.To obtain the analytic sol...The goal of this paper is to investigate the theory of Noether solvability for Volterra singular integral equations(VSIEs)with convolution and Cauchy kernels in a more general function class.To obtain the analytic solutions,we transform such equations into boundary value problems with discontinuous coefficients by the properties of Fourier analysis.In view of the analytical Riemann-Hilbert method,the generalized Liouville theorem and Sokhotski-Plemelj formula,we get the uniqueness and existence of solutions for such problems,and study the asymptotic property of solutions at nodes.Therefore,this paper improves the theory of singular integral equations and boundary value problems.展开更多
On March l3th,the three-day Intertextile Shanghai Apparel Fabrics-Spring Edition 2025 concluded successfully at the National Exhibition andConvention Center(Shanghai).This bustling event,carrying the expectationsof th...On March l3th,the three-day Intertextile Shanghai Apparel Fabrics-Spring Edition 2025 concluded successfully at the National Exhibition andConvention Center(Shanghai).This bustling event,carrying the expectationsof the industry,conveyed the enthusiasm for business cooperation in China'stextile industry at the beginning of 2025 through its exhibition data.展开更多
The meaning of growth is increasing experiences and self-improvement. No one’s life is always good, and many people have the power to change it but don’t take action. It’s better to change ourselves than to try to ...The meaning of growth is increasing experiences and self-improvement. No one’s life is always good, and many people have the power to change it but don’t take action. It’s better to change ourselves than to try to change the people and things around us.Self-improvement is very important. First, it helps us to become more confident. When we make progress, we will feel more confident. And this confidence will make us do more and do better.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION Due to the rapid population growth and the accelerated urbanization process,the contradiction between the demand for expanding ground space and the limited available land scale is becoming increasingly ...0 INTRODUCTION Due to the rapid population growth and the accelerated urbanization process,the contradiction between the demand for expanding ground space and the limited available land scale is becoming increasingly prominent.China has implemented and completed several largescale land infilling and excavation projects(Figure 1),which have become the main way to increase land resources and expand construction land.展开更多
In renewing tissues,mutations conferring selective advantage may result in clonal expansions1-4.In contrast to somatic tissues,mutations driving clonal expansions in spermatogonia(CES)are also transmitted to the next ...In renewing tissues,mutations conferring selective advantage may result in clonal expansions1-4.In contrast to somatic tissues,mutations driving clonal expansions in spermatogonia(CES)are also transmitted to the next generation.This results in an effective increase of de novo mutation rate for CES drivers5-8.CES was originally discovered through extreme recurrence of de novo mutations causing Apert syndrome5.Here,we develop a systematic approach to discover CES drivers as hotspots of human de novo mutation.Our analysis of 54,715 trios ascertained for rare conditions9-13,6,065 control trios12,14-19 and population variation from 807,162 mostly healthy individuals20 identifies genes manifesting rates of de novo mutations inconsistent with plausible models of disease ascertainment.We propose 23 genes hypermutable at loss-of-function(LoF)sites as candidate CES drivers.An extra 17 genes feature hypermutable missense mutations at individual positions,suggesting CES acting through gain of function.CES increases the average mutation rate roughly 17-fold for LoF genes in both control trios and sperm and roughly 500-fold for pooled gain-of-function sites in sperm21.Positive selection in the male germline elevates the prevalence of genetic disorders and increases polymorphism levels,masking the effect of negative selection in human populations.展开更多
This article presents a micro-structure tensor enhanced elasto-plastic finite element(FE)method to address strength anisotropy in three-dimensional(3D)soil slope stability analysis.The gravity increase method(GIM)is e...This article presents a micro-structure tensor enhanced elasto-plastic finite element(FE)method to address strength anisotropy in three-dimensional(3D)soil slope stability analysis.The gravity increase method(GIM)is employed to analyze the stability of 3D anisotropic soil slopes.The accuracy of the proposed method is first verified against the data in the literature.We then simulate the 3D soil slope with a straight slope surface and the convex and concave slope surfaces with a 90turning corner to study the 3D effect on slope stability and the failure mechanism under anisotropy conditions.Based on our numerical results,the end effect significantly impacts the failure mechanism and safety factor.Anisotropy degree notably affects the safety factor,with higher degrees leading to deeper landslides.For concave slopes,they can be approximated by straight slopes with suitable boundary conditions to assess their stability.Furthermore,a case study of the Saint-Alban test embankment A in Quebec,Canada,is provided to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed FE model.展开更多
基金funded in part by the German Research Foundation(Grant reference:496846758).
文摘The ongoing revolution in information technology is reshaping human life. In the realm of health behavior, wearable technology emerges as a leading digital solution,capturing physical behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary habits, sleep patterns) within the 24-h cycle of daily life. Wearables are applied in research, clinical practice, and as lifestyle devices;most obvious, they promise to be a key element for increasing human physical activity, one of the biggest health challenges nowadays.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.82002345 to J.D and 81902179 to L.S)the Gusu Talent Program(No.Qngg2022008 and GSWS2021027 to J.D)the Preliminary Research Project of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University(No.SDFEYBS1905 to J.D).
文摘Increased matrix stiffness of nucleus pulposus(NP)tissue is a main feature of intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)and affects various functions of nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs).Glycolysis is the main energy source for NPC survival,but the effects and underlying mechanisms of increased extracellular matrix(ECM)stiffness on NPC glycolysis remain unknown.In this study,hydrogels with different stiffness were established to mimic the mechanical environment of NPCs.Notably,increased matrix stiffness in degenerated NP tissues from IVDD patients was accompanied with impaired glycolysis,and NPCs cultured on rigid substrates exhibited a reduction in glycolysis.
文摘Taihu Snow (838262) is a home textile manufacturing company listed on the Beijing Stock Exchange in 2022.It is a bedding manufacturer focusing on silk products.The company was esta blished on May 18,2006,Centered around the"Taihu Snow"brand,its products cover suite products (such as pillowcases,quilt covers,sheets),quilt cores,silk scarves and otheremerging retail products.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11872033)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.3172017)。
文摘Many experiments have supported the contact models,such as the GW and MB models,but the majority of previous validations have been performed under light loads,resulting in a linear relationship between normal force and contact area.However,the real contact area fraction should never equal one;there must be a limit smaller than the apparent area,implying that the real contact area cannot increase linearly indefinitely.In this paper,the real contact area between two polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)blocks under heavy load is measured using the total reflection method,and the contact area is analyzed using the image processing method.The results show that the real contact area increases with normal load linearly in light loads but non-linearly in heavy loads;the number of contact spots increases with load linearly in light loads but also non-linearly in heavy loads,synchronous with the change in the real contact area.The GW,MB,and Zhao,Maietta,and Chang(ZMC)models were used to predict the experiment results,but none of them predicted the non-linear stage.A revised GW model based on the bulk deformation hypothesis performs better in predicting the non-linear stage.The study’s findings can be applied to PMMA or other similar materials,and they can serve as a useful reference for future research on the contact mechanisms of other materials.
基金supported by the Key Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Z25C030002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32371596)+2 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Yongjiang 2035 Key Research and Development Project of Ningbo(2024Z279)One Health Interdisciplinary Research Project(HZ202404)K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University。
文摘The progressive impact of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP)infection on gut microbial function in Litopenaeus vannamei remains poorly understood beyond static comparisons between healthy and infected individuals.To close this knowledge gap,metagenomic sequencing was used to characterize the gut microbiomes of normal,long,medium,and short-sized adult shrimp categorized by increasing severity of infection.EHP infection suppressed digestive activity while inducing immune responses compared with healthy shrimp.Increasing infection severity was associated with a gradual decline in gutα-diversity and an expansion of potential pathogens and virulence factors(VFs).In addition,dysbiosis in gut microbiota composition and function,as well as reduced network stability among differential species,intensified with infection severity.Accordingly,we identified 24 EHP-discriminatory species that contributed an overall 83.3%accuracy in diagnosing infection severity without false negatives.Functional pathway analysis revealed significant suppression of metabolic,degradative,and biosynthetic processes in EHP-infected shrimp compared with healthy controls.Among them,map00630 glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism and map00280 valine,leucine and isoleucine degradation were consistently depleted in infected individuals,thereby impairing their digestive function and anti-inflammatory responses.Additionally,EHP infection diversified VFs directly affecting shrimp gut microbiome.These findings support a conceptual model linking EHP pathogenesis to the parasite-gut microbiome-shrimp physiology axis.
文摘Recently,an article was published on solid effect(SE)dynamic nuclear polarization(DNP)enhancement,where the au-thors reported achieving 1H enhancement factors up to 500 by increasing the microwave power at 9.4 T,marking the highest SE enhancement to date[1].
文摘In the new released article of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,Zaccardi et al.1 provide compelling evidence that engaging in higher volumes and intensities of physical activity(PA)increases life expectancy in older men and women enrolled in the UK Biobank study.The study included 30,820 men and 40,953 women with median ages of 63.1 years and 61.9 years,respectively.Study participants wore accelerometers to track their time and intensity of PA for 7 days at baseline.
文摘It is shown that time asymmetry is essential for deriving thermodynamic law and arises from the turnover of energy while reducing its information content and driving entropy increase. A dynamically interpreted principle of least action enables time asymmetry and time flow as a generation of action and redefines useful energy as an information system which implements a form of acting information. This is demonstrated using a basic formula, originally applied for time symmetry/energy conservation considerations, relating time asymmetry (which is conventionally denied but here expressly allowed), to energy behaviour. The results derived then explained that a dynamic energy is driving time asymmetry. It is doing it by decreasing the information content of useful energy, thus generating action and entropy increase, explaining action-time as an information phenomenon. Thermodynamic laws follow directly. The formalism derived readily explains what energy is, why it is conserved (1st law of thermodynamics), why entropy increases (2nd law) and that maximum entropy production within the restraints of the system controls self-organized processes of non-linear irreversible thermodynamics. The general significance of the principle of least action arises from its role of controlling the action generating oriented time of nature. These results contrast with present understanding of time neutrality and clock-time, which are here considered a source of paradoxes, intellectual contradictions and dead-end roads in models explaining nature and the universe.
文摘Since the beginning of this year, the China-US economic and trade tensions have brought many challenges to China's clothing export companies. Nevertheless, in the face of difficulties, China's clothing foreign trade still shows strong resilience and adaptability. From January to May, China's clothing exports showed characteristics such as increased volume, lower prices, category differentiation, and multi-point market layout. Meanwhile, Chinese clothing companies have actively responded to trade friction impacts by closely monitoring tariff negotiations, accelerating transformation and upgrading, exploring diversified international markets, and deepening domestic markets.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42077192)the National Key Basic Research&Development Program of China(No.2020YFA0607802).
文摘In the context of the prevalent winter air quality issues in China marked by declining PM_(2.5)and rising O_(3),this study employed amodified WRF-Chem model to examine the aerosol radiation interaction(ARI),heterogeneous chemistry(AHC),and their combined impact(ALL)on the variations in O_(3)and PM_(2.5)during the 2014–2020 in eastern China.Our analysis confirmed that ARI curtailed O_(3)while elevating PM_(2.5).AHC reduced O_(3)through heterogeneous absorption of NOx and hydroxideswhile notably fostering fine-grained sulfate,resulting in a PM_(2.5)increase.Emission reductions mitigated the inhibitory impact of ARI on meteorological fields and photolysis rates.Emission reduction individually without aerosol feedback led to a 5.43 ppb O_(3)increase and a 22.89μg/m^(3)PM_(2.5)decrease.ARI and AHC amplified the emission-reduction-induced(ERI)O_(3)rise by 1.83 and 0.31 ppb,respectively.The response of ARI to emission diminution brought about a modest PM_(2.5)increase of 0.31μg/m^(3).Conversely,AHC,acting as the primary contributor,caused a noteworthy PM_(2.5)decrease of 4.60μg/m^(3).As efforts concentrate on reducing PM_(2.5),the promotion of ARI on PM_(2.5)counterbalanced the efficacy of emission reduction and the AHC-induced strengthening of PM_(2.5)decrease.The ALL magnified the ERI O_(3)increase by 38.9%and PM_(2.5)decrease by 18.7%.Sensitivity experiments with different degrees of emission reduction demonstrated a consistent linear relationship between the ALL-induced enhancement of O_(3)increase and PM_(2.5)decrease to the ERI PM_(2.5)decline.Our investigation revealed the complex connection between emissions and aerosol feedback in influencing air quality.
基金supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62031013)Guangdong Province Key Construction Discipline Scientific Research Capacity Improvement Project(Grant No.2022ZDJS117).
文摘Nonlinear transforms have significantly advanced learned image compression(LIC),particularly using residual blocks.This transform enhances the nonlinear expression ability and obtain compact feature representation by enlarging the receptive field,which indicates how the convolution process extracts features in a high dimensional feature space.However,its functionality is restricted to the spatial dimension and network depth,limiting further improvements in network performance due to insufficient information interaction and representation.Crucially,the potential of high dimensional feature space in the channel dimension and the exploration of network width/resolution remain largely untapped.In this paper,we consider nonlinear transforms from the perspective of feature space,defining high-dimensional feature spaces in different dimensions and investigating the specific effects.Firstly,we introduce the dimension increasing and decreasing transforms in both channel and spatial dimensions to obtain high dimensional feature space and achieve better feature extraction.Secondly,we design a channel-spatial fusion residual transform(CSR),which incorporates multi-dimensional transforms for a more effective representation.Furthermore,we simplify the proposed fusion transform to obtain a slim architecture(CSR-sm),balancing network complexity and compression performance.Finally,we build the overall network with stacked CSR transforms to achieve better compression and reconstruction.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve superior ratedistortion performance compared to the existing LIC methods and traditional codecs.Specifically,our proposed method achieves 9.38%BD-rate reduction over VVC on Kodak dataset.
文摘The water-energy nexus is a key area of focus in efforts to achieve the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.As population growth and climate change continue to strain both water and energy systems,innovative and integrated solutions are required that take into account the inextricable interdependen-cies of these systems.Optimizing resource use,reducing carbon emissions,and increasing system resilience are no longer optional;they are critical imperatives for a sustainable future.This special issue of Engineering presents groundbreaking research exploring the synergies and tradeoffs within the water-energy nexus,offer-ing invaluable insights for policymakers,engineers,and researchers.
基金Supported by Shaanxi Science and Technology Project(No.2022SF-434)Xi’an Science and Technology Project(No.21YXYJ0044).
文摘I am writing this letter to present a case of uveal effusion syndrome(UES)caused by pulmonary hypertension found due to intermittent high intraocular pressure(IOP).Pulmonary hypertension increases cardiac afterload due to elevated pulmonary vascular resistance,leading to right heart failure and death[1].Notably,ocular complications of pulmonary hypertension have been reported less frequently[2-5].Ophthalmologists need to increase the understanding of the disease so as to perform the proper treatment for these patients.Ethical Approval The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of the images and data included in this article.
文摘The U.S.administration's decision tounilaterally impose sweeping tariff increas-es on tmported goods represents a signifi-cant challenge to the existing global tradingsystem,which has long been structuredaround multilateral(WTO),regional,andbilateral(FTA)trade agreements.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11971015).
文摘The goal of this paper is to investigate the theory of Noether solvability for Volterra singular integral equations(VSIEs)with convolution and Cauchy kernels in a more general function class.To obtain the analytic solutions,we transform such equations into boundary value problems with discontinuous coefficients by the properties of Fourier analysis.In view of the analytical Riemann-Hilbert method,the generalized Liouville theorem and Sokhotski-Plemelj formula,we get the uniqueness and existence of solutions for such problems,and study the asymptotic property of solutions at nodes.Therefore,this paper improves the theory of singular integral equations and boundary value problems.
文摘On March l3th,the three-day Intertextile Shanghai Apparel Fabrics-Spring Edition 2025 concluded successfully at the National Exhibition andConvention Center(Shanghai).This bustling event,carrying the expectationsof the industry,conveyed the enthusiasm for business cooperation in China'stextile industry at the beginning of 2025 through its exhibition data.
文摘The meaning of growth is increasing experiences and self-improvement. No one’s life is always good, and many people have the power to change it but don’t take action. It’s better to change ourselves than to try to change the people and things around us.Self-improvement is very important. First, it helps us to become more confident. When we make progress, we will feel more confident. And this confidence will make us do more and do better.
基金funded by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2024SFYBXM-669)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42271078)。
文摘0 INTRODUCTION Due to the rapid population growth and the accelerated urbanization process,the contradiction between the demand for expanding ground space and the limited available land scale is becoming increasingly prominent.China has implemented and completed several largescale land infilling and excavation projects(Figure 1),which have become the main way to increase land resources and expand construction land.
文摘In renewing tissues,mutations conferring selective advantage may result in clonal expansions1-4.In contrast to somatic tissues,mutations driving clonal expansions in spermatogonia(CES)are also transmitted to the next generation.This results in an effective increase of de novo mutation rate for CES drivers5-8.CES was originally discovered through extreme recurrence of de novo mutations causing Apert syndrome5.Here,we develop a systematic approach to discover CES drivers as hotspots of human de novo mutation.Our analysis of 54,715 trios ascertained for rare conditions9-13,6,065 control trios12,14-19 and population variation from 807,162 mostly healthy individuals20 identifies genes manifesting rates of de novo mutations inconsistent with plausible models of disease ascertainment.We propose 23 genes hypermutable at loss-of-function(LoF)sites as candidate CES drivers.An extra 17 genes feature hypermutable missense mutations at individual positions,suggesting CES acting through gain of function.CES increases the average mutation rate roughly 17-fold for LoF genes in both control trios and sperm and roughly 500-fold for pooled gain-of-function sites in sperm21.Positive selection in the male germline elevates the prevalence of genetic disorders and increases polymorphism levels,masking the effect of negative selection in human populations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51890912,51979025 and 52011530189).
文摘This article presents a micro-structure tensor enhanced elasto-plastic finite element(FE)method to address strength anisotropy in three-dimensional(3D)soil slope stability analysis.The gravity increase method(GIM)is employed to analyze the stability of 3D anisotropic soil slopes.The accuracy of the proposed method is first verified against the data in the literature.We then simulate the 3D soil slope with a straight slope surface and the convex and concave slope surfaces with a 90turning corner to study the 3D effect on slope stability and the failure mechanism under anisotropy conditions.Based on our numerical results,the end effect significantly impacts the failure mechanism and safety factor.Anisotropy degree notably affects the safety factor,with higher degrees leading to deeper landslides.For concave slopes,they can be approximated by straight slopes with suitable boundary conditions to assess their stability.Furthermore,a case study of the Saint-Alban test embankment A in Quebec,Canada,is provided to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed FE model.
