虚拟制造单元旨在更改物流走向和优化制造单元,提高车间生产效率和物流柔性,广泛存在于多品种小批量生产车间。随着新订单插入,产品类型与工艺路径不断变化,原有虚拟制造单元易引起设备负载不均衡和生产效率下降。针对新订单插入情形,...虚拟制造单元旨在更改物流走向和优化制造单元,提高车间生产效率和物流柔性,广泛存在于多品种小批量生产车间。随着新订单插入,产品类型与工艺路径不断变化,原有虚拟制造单元易引起设备负载不均衡和生产效率下降。针对新订单插入情形,引入连续相同工序,设计一种新的衡量新订单与原有虚拟制造单元的相似度指标;针对虚拟制造单元重构情形,建立以设备负载均衡、总运输成本、跨单元次数和单元继承率为优化目标的虚拟制造单元重构数学模型。另外,对基于分解的多目标进化算法(multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decom-position,MOEA/D)进行改进,采用多种交叉算子提高全局搜索效率,采用基于模拟退火的邻域搜索提高局部探寻能力。最后,以某企业机加工车间实际案例和10组标杆案例,验证了所提方法的有效性和卓越性,为虚拟制造单元重构决策提供理论参考依据。展开更多
We analyzed 17 seed sources （seed stands） ofPinus wallichiana for variations present in cone and seed characters, scattered over natural distribution in north-west Himalayan states （Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh...We analyzed 17 seed sources （seed stands） ofPinus wallichiana for variations present in cone and seed characters, scattered over natural distribution in north-west Himalayan states （Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh） of India. The significant variations were observed in cone weight, cone length, cone width, seed length, seed width, seed weight, seed germination, radicle length, and plumule length among different seed sources of the species. Significant positive correlation between seed weight, cone weight and cone width showed that seed weight in the species depend more on the cone size. Seed germination was also positively correlated with seed weight, cone weight and radicle length in the study. The estimates of variability with regard to genetic parameters for seed weight, seed germination, cone length, cone width, cone weight showed wide range of variation in the study. Seed weight showed high heritability values coupled with maximum genetic gain. Traits with such values indicate presence of good amount of heritable additive components and are under strong genetic control. The findings of the study revealed that seed sources expressed both phenotypic and genotypic differences in the seed and cone traits which might be due to the differences in genetic make up of various seed sources and environmental factors i,e. genotypic and environmental interaction, The study suggests that the seed weight should be given the top priority for the further improvement of this species.展开更多
[Objective] This study was to evaluate the efficacy of instant asparagus powder, a functional food made of asparagus, for improving sleep quality. [Method] A total of 60 volunteers were selected, and each of them cons...[Objective] This study was to evaluate the efficacy of instant asparagus powder, a functional food made of asparagus, for improving sleep quality. [Method] A total of 60 volunteers were selected, and each of them consumed two bags of instant asparagus powder （24 g） once a day for 60 consecutive days. Then, the sleep quality of the volunteers was evaluated. At the same time, the safety indices and insomnia-related endocrine indices were determined. [Result] Instant asparagus powder significantly increased the sleep time of sleep disorders from 5.1 to 6.1 h, shortened the time to fall asleep from 50.4 to 25.3 rain, and reduced the time to fall asleep after being awake from 46.5 h to 19.5 h. The differences before and af- ter the consumption of instant asparagus powder were significant （P〈0.05）. The sat- isfaction of sleep quality was high. Instant asparagus powder had good safety with- out liver and kidney function influence. Instant asparagus powder could reduce the levels of cortisol and norepinepthrine and increase the levels of serotonin and dopamine. [Conclusion] Instant asparagus powder could improve the quality of sleep, characterized by safety and effectiveness. The sleep quality-improving effect of in- stant asparagus powder might be related to the regulation of HPA axis or the regu- lation of serotonin secretion.展开更多
文摘虚拟制造单元旨在更改物流走向和优化制造单元,提高车间生产效率和物流柔性,广泛存在于多品种小批量生产车间。随着新订单插入,产品类型与工艺路径不断变化,原有虚拟制造单元易引起设备负载不均衡和生产效率下降。针对新订单插入情形,引入连续相同工序,设计一种新的衡量新订单与原有虚拟制造单元的相似度指标;针对虚拟制造单元重构情形,建立以设备负载均衡、总运输成本、跨单元次数和单元继承率为优化目标的虚拟制造单元重构数学模型。另外,对基于分解的多目标进化算法(multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decom-position,MOEA/D)进行改进,采用多种交叉算子提高全局搜索效率,采用基于模拟退火的邻域搜索提高局部探寻能力。最后,以某企业机加工车间实际案例和10组标杆案例,验证了所提方法的有效性和卓越性,为虚拟制造单元重构决策提供理论参考依据。
基金financially supported by USDA, Washington for conducting this study under the project "Studies on Himalayan Pines" (1996-2006)
文摘We analyzed 17 seed sources （seed stands） ofPinus wallichiana for variations present in cone and seed characters, scattered over natural distribution in north-west Himalayan states （Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh） of India. The significant variations were observed in cone weight, cone length, cone width, seed length, seed width, seed weight, seed germination, radicle length, and plumule length among different seed sources of the species. Significant positive correlation between seed weight, cone weight and cone width showed that seed weight in the species depend more on the cone size. Seed germination was also positively correlated with seed weight, cone weight and radicle length in the study. The estimates of variability with regard to genetic parameters for seed weight, seed germination, cone length, cone width, cone weight showed wide range of variation in the study. Seed weight showed high heritability values coupled with maximum genetic gain. Traits with such values indicate presence of good amount of heritable additive components and are under strong genetic control. The findings of the study revealed that seed sources expressed both phenotypic and genotypic differences in the seed and cone traits which might be due to the differences in genetic make up of various seed sources and environmental factors i,e. genotypic and environmental interaction, The study suggests that the seed weight should be given the top priority for the further improvement of this species.
基金Supported by Key Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Fund of Hebei Province(13042805Z)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was to evaluate the efficacy of instant asparagus powder, a functional food made of asparagus, for improving sleep quality. [Method] A total of 60 volunteers were selected, and each of them consumed two bags of instant asparagus powder （24 g） once a day for 60 consecutive days. Then, the sleep quality of the volunteers was evaluated. At the same time, the safety indices and insomnia-related endocrine indices were determined. [Result] Instant asparagus powder significantly increased the sleep time of sleep disorders from 5.1 to 6.1 h, shortened the time to fall asleep from 50.4 to 25.3 rain, and reduced the time to fall asleep after being awake from 46.5 h to 19.5 h. The differences before and af- ter the consumption of instant asparagus powder were significant （P〈0.05）. The sat- isfaction of sleep quality was high. Instant asparagus powder had good safety with- out liver and kidney function influence. Instant asparagus powder could reduce the levels of cortisol and norepinepthrine and increase the levels of serotonin and dopamine. [Conclusion] Instant asparagus powder could improve the quality of sleep, characterized by safety and effectiveness. The sleep quality-improving effect of in- stant asparagus powder might be related to the regulation of HPA axis or the regu- lation of serotonin secretion.
