BACKGROUND Panic disorder(PD)involves emotion dysregulation,but its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.Previous research suggests that implicit emotion regulation may play a central role in PD-related emot...BACKGROUND Panic disorder(PD)involves emotion dysregulation,but its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.Previous research suggests that implicit emotion regulation may play a central role in PD-related emotion dysregulation and symptom maintenance.However,there is a lack of studies exploring the neural mechanisms of implicit emotion regulation in PD using neurophysiological indicators.AIM To study the neural mechanisms of implicit emotion regulation in PD with eventrelated potentials(ERP).METHODS A total of 25 PD patients and 20 healthy controls(HC)underwent clinical evaluations.The study utilized a case-control design with random sampling,selecting participants for the case group from March to December 2018.Participants performed an affect labeling task,using affect labeling as the experimental condition and gender labeling as the control condition.ERP and behavioral data were recorded to compare the late positive potential(LPP)within and between the groups.RESULTS Both PD and HC groups showed longer reaction times and decreased accuracy under the affect labeling.In the HC group,late LPP amplitudes exhibited a dynamic pattern of initial increase followed by decrease.Importantly,a significant group×condition interaction effect was observed.Simple effect analysis revealed a reduction in the differences of late LPP amplitudes between the affect labeling and gender labeling conditions in the PD group compared to the HC group.Furthermore,among PD patients under the affect labeling,the late LPP was negatively correlated with disease severity,symptom frequency,and intensity.CONCLUSION PD patients demonstrate abnormalities in implicit emotion regulation,hampering their ability to mobilize cognitive resources for downregulating negative emotions.The late LPP amplitude in response to affect labeling may serve as a potentially valuable clinical indicator of PD severity.展开更多
Evidence suggests that explicit reappraisal has limited regulatory effects on high-intensity emotions,mainly due to the depletion of cognitive resources occupied by the high-intensity emotional stimulus itself.The imp...Evidence suggests that explicit reappraisal has limited regulatory effects on high-intensity emotions,mainly due to the depletion of cognitive resources occupied by the high-intensity emotional stimulus itself.The implicit form of reappraisal has proved to be resource-saving and therefore might be an ideal strategy to achieve the desired regulatory effect in high-intensity situations.In this study,we explored the regulatory effect of explicit and implicit reappraisal when participants encountered low-and high-intensity negative images.The subjective emotional rating indicated that both explicit and implicit reappraisal down-regulated negative experiences,irrespective of intensity.However,the amplitude of the parietal late positive potential(LPP;a neural index of experienced emotional intensity)showed that only implicit reappraisal had significant regulatory effects in the high-intensity context,though both explicit and implicit reappraisal successfully reduced the emotional neural responses elicited by low-intensity negative images.Meanwhile,implicit reappraisal led to a smaller frontal LPP amplitude(an index of cognitive cost)compared to explicit reappraisal,indicating that the implementation of implicit reappraisal consumes limited cognitive control resources.Furthermore,we found a prolonged effect of implicit emotion regulation introduced by training procedures.Taken together,these findings not only reveal that implicit reappraisal is suitable to relieve high-intensity negative experiences as well as neural responses,but also highlight the potential benefit of trained implicit regulation in clinical populations whose frontal control resources are limited.展开更多
Major depressive disorder(MDD)is characterized by emotion dysregulation.Whether implicit emotion regulation can compensate for this deficit remains unknown.In this study,we recruited 159 subjects who were healthy cont...Major depressive disorder(MDD)is characterized by emotion dysregulation.Whether implicit emotion regulation can compensate for this deficit remains unknown.In this study,we recruited 159 subjects who were healthy controls,had subclinical depression,or had MDD,and examined them under baseline,implicit,and explicit reappraisal conditions.Explicit reappraisal led to the most negative feelings and the largest parietal late positive potential(parietal LPP,an index of emotion intensity)in the MDD group compared to the other two groups;the group difference was absent under the other two conditions.MDD patients showed larger regulatory effects in the LPP during implicit than explicit reappraisal,whereas healthy controls showed a reversed pattern.Furthermore,the frontal P3,an index of voluntary cognitive control,showed larger amplitudes in explicit reappraisal compared to baseline in the healthy and subclinical groups,but not in the MDD group,while implicit reappraisal did not increase P3 across groups.These findings suggest that implicit reappraisal is beneficial for clinical depression.展开更多
Generating emotional talking faces from a single portrait image remains a significant challenge. The simultaneous achievement of expressive emotional talking and accurate lip-sync is particularly difficult, as express...Generating emotional talking faces from a single portrait image remains a significant challenge. The simultaneous achievement of expressive emotional talking and accurate lip-sync is particularly difficult, as expressiveness is often compromised for lip-sync accuracy. Prevailing generative works usually struggle to juggle to generate subtle variations of emotional expression and lip-synchronized talking. To address these challenges, we suggest modeling the implicit and explicit correlations between audio and emotional talking faces with a unified framework. As human emotional expressions usually present subtle and implicit relations with speech audio, we propose incorporating audio and emotional style embeddings into the diffusion-based generation process, for realistic generation while concentrating on emotional expressions. We then propose lip-based explicit correlation learning to construct a strong mapping of audio to lip motions, assuring lip-audio synchronization. Furthermore, we deploy a video-to-video rendering module to transfer expressions and lip motions from a proxy 3D avatar to an arbitrary portrait. Both quantitatively and qualitatively, MagicTalk outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of expressiveness, lip-sync, and perceptual quality.展开更多
The development of adaptive emotion regulation(ER)plays a pivotal role in adolescent mental health and socio-emotional adaptation.Dispositional optimism,as an important protective factor for adolescent adjustment,may ...The development of adaptive emotion regulation(ER)plays a pivotal role in adolescent mental health and socio-emotional adaptation.Dispositional optimism,as an important protective factor for adolescent adjustment,may affect adolescent ER and subsequently influence adaptive outcomes.In this review,the changes and challenges,the role of ER in socio-emotional adjustment,and the developmental characteristics of implicit and explicit ER during adolescence are described.Subsequently,by employing the top-down model of personality,coping,and emotion,how dispositional optimism may affect psychological adjustment from the perspective of ER is analyzed.Furthermore,how the differences in adolescents’dispositional optimism may be reflected by the differences in implicit ER is discussed.Finally,recommendations for future research are outlined.展开更多
目的探究高特质焦虑个体认知重评和表达抑制的使用习惯及其在内隐/外显条件下使用2种情绪调节策略的特点。方法于2023年6月至2023年7月招募57名某军医大学非心理学专业本科生或研究生被试。采用特质焦虑量表(Trait form of Spielberger...目的探究高特质焦虑个体认知重评和表达抑制的使用习惯及其在内隐/外显条件下使用2种情绪调节策略的特点。方法于2023年6月至2023年7月招募57名某军医大学非心理学专业本科生或研究生被试。采用特质焦虑量表(Trait form of Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,STAI-T)和情绪调节问卷(Emotion Regulation Questionnaire,ERQ)对其焦虑水平以及认知重评和表达抑制2种策略的使用习惯进行调查。按照STAI-T得分将其分为高特质焦虑(high trait anxiety,HTA)和低特质焦虑(low trait anxiety,LTA)2组,其中HTA组28例,LTA组29例,并采用内隐和外显情绪调节任务分析比较2种策略对负性情绪愉悦度和唤醒度的改善效果,以及外显条件下2种策略的难度和成功度差异。结果①2组均习惯于使用认知重评,而较少使用表达抑制[t(27)=3.94,P<0.001;t(28)=11.33,P<0.001];相较于LTA个体,HTA个体表达抑制的使用频率更高[t(55)=3.02,P<0.01],而认知重评的使用频率较低[t(55)=-2.20,P=0.02];②内隐条件下,相对于中性启动,认知重评(愉悦度:2.56±0.11 vs 2.73±0.12,P<0.01;唤醒度:6.68±0.18 vs 6.51±0.20,P<0.05)和表达抑制启动(愉悦度:2.56±0.11 vs 2.86±0.11,P<0.001;唤醒度:6.68±0.18 vs 6.30±0.20,P<0.001)都可改善2组被试的负性情绪体验,且表达抑制的效果更好(愉悦度:P<0.001,唤醒度:P<0.001)。③外显条件下,认知重评(愉悦度:2.92±0.12 vs 5.09±0.09,P<0.001;唤醒度:6.43±0.20 vs 4.33±0.21,P<0.001)和表达抑制(愉悦度:2.92±0.12 vs 4.34±0.09,P<0.001;唤醒度:6.43±0.20 vs 4.22±0.22,P<0.001)均可显著改善HTA和LTA个体的负性情绪体验,且认知重评对愉悦度的提升优于表达抑制(P<0.001);不同特质焦虑水平间比较显示HTA个体对两种情绪调节策略的使用均显得更为困难[认知重评:t(55)=2.16,P=0.02;表达抑制:t(55)=2.92,P<0.01],且表达抑制的情绪调节成功度更低[t(55)=-1.88,P=0.03];对HTA个体自身而言,使用表达抑制的难度要大于认知重评[4.00±1.81 vs 5.00±1.80,t(27)=-2.78,P<0.01],且成功度更低[7.04±1.00 vs 6.64±1.13,t(27)=2.09,P=0.02]。④比较内隐和外显条件下的情绪调节效应,发现高、低特质焦虑个体外显情绪调节对愉悦度(外显重评vs内隐重评:5.09±0.09 vs 2.73±0.12,P<0.001;外显抑制vs内隐抑制:4.34±0.09 vs 2.86±0.11,P<0.001)和唤醒度(外显重评vs内隐重评:4.33±0.21 vs 6.51±0.20,P<0.001;外显抑制vs内隐抑制:4.22±0.22 vs 6.30±0.20,P<0.001)的改善效果均优于内隐条件。结论高特质焦虑个体存在认知重评使用相对不足、表达抑制使用偏多的特点;在内隐和外显条件下,认知重评和表达抑制均能有效改善高特质焦虑个体的负性情绪体验,且外显情绪调节的效果均优于内隐。展开更多
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81871080the Key R&D Program of Jining(Major Program),No.2023YXNS004+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81401486the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China,No.20170540276the Medicine and Health Science Technology Development Program of Shandong Province,No.202003070713.
文摘BACKGROUND Panic disorder(PD)involves emotion dysregulation,but its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.Previous research suggests that implicit emotion regulation may play a central role in PD-related emotion dysregulation and symptom maintenance.However,there is a lack of studies exploring the neural mechanisms of implicit emotion regulation in PD using neurophysiological indicators.AIM To study the neural mechanisms of implicit emotion regulation in PD with eventrelated potentials(ERP).METHODS A total of 25 PD patients and 20 healthy controls(HC)underwent clinical evaluations.The study utilized a case-control design with random sampling,selecting participants for the case group from March to December 2018.Participants performed an affect labeling task,using affect labeling as the experimental condition and gender labeling as the control condition.ERP and behavioral data were recorded to compare the late positive potential(LPP)within and between the groups.RESULTS Both PD and HC groups showed longer reaction times and decreased accuracy under the affect labeling.In the HC group,late LPP amplitudes exhibited a dynamic pattern of initial increase followed by decrease.Importantly,a significant group×condition interaction effect was observed.Simple effect analysis revealed a reduction in the differences of late LPP amplitudes between the affect labeling and gender labeling conditions in the PD group compared to the HC group.Furthermore,among PD patients under the affect labeling,the late LPP was negatively correlated with disease severity,symptom frequency,and intensity.CONCLUSION PD patients demonstrate abnormalities in implicit emotion regulation,hampering their ability to mobilize cognitive resources for downregulating negative emotions.The late LPP amplitude in response to affect labeling may serve as a potentially valuable clinical indicator of PD severity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271102,31970980,31920103009)the Major Project of the National Social Science Foundation(20&ZD153)+1 种基金the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science(2022SHIBS0003)the Guangdong Key Project(2018B030335001).
文摘Evidence suggests that explicit reappraisal has limited regulatory effects on high-intensity emotions,mainly due to the depletion of cognitive resources occupied by the high-intensity emotional stimulus itself.The implicit form of reappraisal has proved to be resource-saving and therefore might be an ideal strategy to achieve the desired regulatory effect in high-intensity situations.In this study,we explored the regulatory effect of explicit and implicit reappraisal when participants encountered low-and high-intensity negative images.The subjective emotional rating indicated that both explicit and implicit reappraisal down-regulated negative experiences,irrespective of intensity.However,the amplitude of the parietal late positive potential(LPP;a neural index of experienced emotional intensity)showed that only implicit reappraisal had significant regulatory effects in the high-intensity context,though both explicit and implicit reappraisal successfully reduced the emotional neural responses elicited by low-intensity negative images.Meanwhile,implicit reappraisal led to a smaller frontal LPP amplitude(an index of cognitive cost)compared to explicit reappraisal,indicating that the implementation of implicit reappraisal consumes limited cognitive control resources.Furthermore,we found a prolonged effect of implicit emotion regulation introduced by training procedures.Taken together,these findings not only reveal that implicit reappraisal is suitable to relieve high-intensity negative experiences as well as neural responses,but also highlight the potential benefit of trained implicit regulation in clinical populations whose frontal control resources are limited.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970980 and 31920103009)the Major Project of National Social Science Foundation(20&ZD153)+1 种基金the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science(2019SHIBS0003)the Guangdong Key Project(2018B030335001).
文摘Major depressive disorder(MDD)is characterized by emotion dysregulation.Whether implicit emotion regulation can compensate for this deficit remains unknown.In this study,we recruited 159 subjects who were healthy controls,had subclinical depression,or had MDD,and examined them under baseline,implicit,and explicit reappraisal conditions.Explicit reappraisal led to the most negative feelings and the largest parietal late positive potential(parietal LPP,an index of emotion intensity)in the MDD group compared to the other two groups;the group difference was absent under the other two conditions.MDD patients showed larger regulatory effects in the LPP during implicit than explicit reappraisal,whereas healthy controls showed a reversed pattern.Furthermore,the frontal P3,an index of voluntary cognitive control,showed larger amplitudes in explicit reappraisal compared to baseline in the healthy and subclinical groups,but not in the MDD group,while implicit reappraisal did not increase P3 across groups.These findings suggest that implicit reappraisal is beneficial for clinical depression.
文摘Generating emotional talking faces from a single portrait image remains a significant challenge. The simultaneous achievement of expressive emotional talking and accurate lip-sync is particularly difficult, as expressiveness is often compromised for lip-sync accuracy. Prevailing generative works usually struggle to juggle to generate subtle variations of emotional expression and lip-synchronized talking. To address these challenges, we suggest modeling the implicit and explicit correlations between audio and emotional talking faces with a unified framework. As human emotional expressions usually present subtle and implicit relations with speech audio, we propose incorporating audio and emotional style embeddings into the diffusion-based generation process, for realistic generation while concentrating on emotional expressions. We then propose lip-based explicit correlation learning to construct a strong mapping of audio to lip motions, assuring lip-audio synchronization. Furthermore, we deploy a video-to-video rendering module to transfer expressions and lip motions from a proxy 3D avatar to an arbitrary portrait. Both quantitatively and qualitatively, MagicTalk outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of expressiveness, lip-sync, and perceptual quality.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31971018)Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.GJ202001)+2 种基金Educational Science Planning Project of Hubei Province(Grant No.2020GB056)the Research Fund Project(Grant No.2021Z01)the East Lake Scholar Program of Wuhan Sports University,China(Period:July 2017-July 2022)
文摘The development of adaptive emotion regulation(ER)plays a pivotal role in adolescent mental health and socio-emotional adaptation.Dispositional optimism,as an important protective factor for adolescent adjustment,may affect adolescent ER and subsequently influence adaptive outcomes.In this review,the changes and challenges,the role of ER in socio-emotional adjustment,and the developmental characteristics of implicit and explicit ER during adolescence are described.Subsequently,by employing the top-down model of personality,coping,and emotion,how dispositional optimism may affect psychological adjustment from the perspective of ER is analyzed.Furthermore,how the differences in adolescents’dispositional optimism may be reflected by the differences in implicit ER is discussed.Finally,recommendations for future research are outlined.
文摘目的探究高特质焦虑个体认知重评和表达抑制的使用习惯及其在内隐/外显条件下使用2种情绪调节策略的特点。方法于2023年6月至2023年7月招募57名某军医大学非心理学专业本科生或研究生被试。采用特质焦虑量表(Trait form of Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,STAI-T)和情绪调节问卷(Emotion Regulation Questionnaire,ERQ)对其焦虑水平以及认知重评和表达抑制2种策略的使用习惯进行调查。按照STAI-T得分将其分为高特质焦虑(high trait anxiety,HTA)和低特质焦虑(low trait anxiety,LTA)2组,其中HTA组28例,LTA组29例,并采用内隐和外显情绪调节任务分析比较2种策略对负性情绪愉悦度和唤醒度的改善效果,以及外显条件下2种策略的难度和成功度差异。结果①2组均习惯于使用认知重评,而较少使用表达抑制[t(27)=3.94,P<0.001;t(28)=11.33,P<0.001];相较于LTA个体,HTA个体表达抑制的使用频率更高[t(55)=3.02,P<0.01],而认知重评的使用频率较低[t(55)=-2.20,P=0.02];②内隐条件下,相对于中性启动,认知重评(愉悦度:2.56±0.11 vs 2.73±0.12,P<0.01;唤醒度:6.68±0.18 vs 6.51±0.20,P<0.05)和表达抑制启动(愉悦度:2.56±0.11 vs 2.86±0.11,P<0.001;唤醒度:6.68±0.18 vs 6.30±0.20,P<0.001)都可改善2组被试的负性情绪体验,且表达抑制的效果更好(愉悦度:P<0.001,唤醒度:P<0.001)。③外显条件下,认知重评(愉悦度:2.92±0.12 vs 5.09±0.09,P<0.001;唤醒度:6.43±0.20 vs 4.33±0.21,P<0.001)和表达抑制(愉悦度:2.92±0.12 vs 4.34±0.09,P<0.001;唤醒度:6.43±0.20 vs 4.22±0.22,P<0.001)均可显著改善HTA和LTA个体的负性情绪体验,且认知重评对愉悦度的提升优于表达抑制(P<0.001);不同特质焦虑水平间比较显示HTA个体对两种情绪调节策略的使用均显得更为困难[认知重评:t(55)=2.16,P=0.02;表达抑制:t(55)=2.92,P<0.01],且表达抑制的情绪调节成功度更低[t(55)=-1.88,P=0.03];对HTA个体自身而言,使用表达抑制的难度要大于认知重评[4.00±1.81 vs 5.00±1.80,t(27)=-2.78,P<0.01],且成功度更低[7.04±1.00 vs 6.64±1.13,t(27)=2.09,P=0.02]。④比较内隐和外显条件下的情绪调节效应,发现高、低特质焦虑个体外显情绪调节对愉悦度(外显重评vs内隐重评:5.09±0.09 vs 2.73±0.12,P<0.001;外显抑制vs内隐抑制:4.34±0.09 vs 2.86±0.11,P<0.001)和唤醒度(外显重评vs内隐重评:4.33±0.21 vs 6.51±0.20,P<0.001;外显抑制vs内隐抑制:4.22±0.22 vs 6.30±0.20,P<0.001)的改善效果均优于内隐条件。结论高特质焦虑个体存在认知重评使用相对不足、表达抑制使用偏多的特点;在内隐和外显条件下,认知重评和表达抑制均能有效改善高特质焦虑个体的负性情绪体验,且外显情绪调节的效果均优于内隐。
