目的:对结直肠癌病人化疗期间营养相关症状的研究现状、评估工具、影响因素进行范围综述,以期为结直肠癌化疗病人的精准化管理提供参考。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、EMbase、中国知网、万方数据库、中...目的:对结直肠癌病人化疗期间营养相关症状的研究现状、评估工具、影响因素进行范围综述,以期为结直肠癌化疗病人的精准化管理提供参考。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、EMbase、中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中关于结直肠癌化疗期病人营养相关症状的研究,检索时限为建库至2024年12月31日。对纳入文献进行数据提取及汇总分析。结果:最终纳入18篇文献,结果显示,常见的症状是疲乏、食欲缺乏、嗜睡、恶心、失眠,随着化疗进程呈动态演变过程,在化疗中后期达峰值,然后逐渐缓解至稳定水平;营养相关症状的评估工具多种多样,但多数是非特异性的症状评估工具;营养相关症状的影响因素主要包括人口学因素、疾病及营养相关因素、生活方式因素以及社会心理因素。结论:未来可聚焦于开发针对结直肠癌病人化疗期的特异性症状评估工具,并结合纵向轨迹、网络分析等统计方法,注重症状的多维影响因素,进一步明确干预重点,简化症状管理方案。展开更多
Purpose–This research aims to monitor seismic intensity along railway lines,study methods for calculating the extent of earthquake impact on railways and address practical challenges in estimating intensity distribut...Purpose–This research aims to monitor seismic intensity along railway lines,study methods for calculating the extent of earthquake impact on railways and address practical challenges in estimating intensity distribution along railway routes,thereby achieving graded post-earthquake response measures.Design/methodology/approach–The seismic intensity monitoring system for railways adopts a two-level architecture,namely the seismic intensity monitoring equipment and the seismic intensity rapid reporting information center processing platform.The platform obtains measured instrumental intensity through the seismic intensity monitoring equipment deployed along railways and combines it with the National Seismic Network Earthquake Catalog to generate real-time railway seismic intensity distribution maps using the Kriging interpolation algorithm.A calculation method for railway seismic impact intervals is designed to calculate the mileage intervals where the intensity area corresponding to each contour line in the seismic intensity distribution map intersects with the railway line.Findings–The system was deployed for practical earthquake monitoring demonstration applications on the Nanjiang Railway Line in Xinjiang.During the operational period,the seismic intensity monitoring equipment calculated and uploaded instrumental intensity values to the seismic intensity rapid reporting information center processing platform a total of nine times.Among these,earthquakes triggering the Kriging interpolation algorithm occurred twice.The system operated stably throughout the application period and successfully visualized relevant seismic impact data,such as earthquake intensity distribution maps and affected railway mileage sections.These results validate the system’s practicality and effectiveness.Originality/value–The seismic intensity monitoring for the railway system designed in this study can integrate the measured instrumental intensity data along railways and the earthquake catalog of the National Seismic Network.It uses the Kriging interpolation method to calculate the intensity distribution and determine the seismic impact scope,thereby addressing the issue that the seismic intensity distribution calculated by traditional attenuation formulas deviates from reality.The system can provide clear graded interval recommendations for post-earthquake disposal,effectively improve the efficiency of post-earthquake recovery and inspection and offer a decision-making basis for restoring railway operations quickly.展开更多
目的对癌症患者预立医疗照护计划相关文献进行范围审查,为临床开展针对性干预措施提供参考依据。方法以范围综述方法学为指导,计算机检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science等数据库,检索时限为建库至2024年4月。结果共纳入22篇文...目的对癌症患者预立医疗照护计划相关文献进行范围审查,为临床开展针对性干预措施提供参考依据。方法以范围综述方法学为指导,计算机检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science等数据库,检索时限为建库至2024年4月。结果共纳入22篇文献,9项研究示,癌症患者预立医疗照护计划参与率为22.4%~82.2%,11项研究调查其接受度、准备度及影响因素,2项研究探讨了干预模式。结论癌症患者预立医疗照护计划参与率偏低,主要受人口学因素、疾病相关因素、社会及心理等因素的影响,且其与临床决策关系的结论不一致,现有干预措施较为局限,未来研究可从各因素作为切入点,构建符合我国文化背景的预立医疗照护计划推广模式。展开更多
[目的/意义]科学论文向技术领域扩散对技术的创新发展发挥着重要作用,然而论文在技术领域的扩散速度参差不齐,扩散速度的快慢是否影响产生的扩散效果尚不清晰。[方法/过程]文章利用专利引用论文的引用关系,以1980—2009年Web of Scienc...[目的/意义]科学论文向技术领域扩散对技术的创新发展发挥着重要作用,然而论文在技术领域的扩散速度参差不齐,扩散速度的快慢是否影响产生的扩散效果尚不清晰。[方法/过程]文章利用专利引用论文的引用关系,以1980—2009年Web of Science数据库的论文和1980—2020年USPTO数据库的授权专利作为核心数据集,通过论文被引速率和首次被引间隔测度论文向技术领域的扩散速度,通过扩散产生的技术影响强度和技术影响广度综合测度扩散效果,并添加被引间隔和被引速率的交互作用,分析论文扩散速度与扩散效果的关系。此外,选择被专利持续引用的论文作为研究对象,分析不同扩散时期的扩散速率与扩散效果的关系。[结果/结论]研究表明,论文整体扩散速率不断上升;扩散速率与技术影响强度和广度均呈现倒U形关系,被引间隔与技术影响强度和广度均呈现U形关系;被引间隔对扩散速率与扩散效果的关系具有显著调节作用。此外,在不同扩散时期,早期和中期的扩散速率与技术影响强度和广度呈现倒U形关系,而中后期扩散速率与技术影响强度和广度呈现U形关系。展开更多
文摘目的:对结直肠癌病人化疗期间营养相关症状的研究现状、评估工具、影响因素进行范围综述,以期为结直肠癌化疗病人的精准化管理提供参考。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、EMbase、中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中关于结直肠癌化疗期病人营养相关症状的研究,检索时限为建库至2024年12月31日。对纳入文献进行数据提取及汇总分析。结果:最终纳入18篇文献,结果显示,常见的症状是疲乏、食欲缺乏、嗜睡、恶心、失眠,随着化疗进程呈动态演变过程,在化疗中后期达峰值,然后逐渐缓解至稳定水平;营养相关症状的评估工具多种多样,但多数是非特异性的症状评估工具;营养相关症状的影响因素主要包括人口学因素、疾病及营养相关因素、生活方式因素以及社会心理因素。结论:未来可聚焦于开发针对结直肠癌病人化疗期的特异性症状评估工具,并结合纵向轨迹、网络分析等统计方法,注重症状的多维影响因素,进一步明确干预重点,简化症状管理方案。
基金funded by the Research and Development Fund Project of China Academy of Railway Science Group Co.,Ltd.,(No:2023YJ259)the Science and Technology Research and Development Program Project of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.(No:J2024G008).
文摘Purpose–This research aims to monitor seismic intensity along railway lines,study methods for calculating the extent of earthquake impact on railways and address practical challenges in estimating intensity distribution along railway routes,thereby achieving graded post-earthquake response measures.Design/methodology/approach–The seismic intensity monitoring system for railways adopts a two-level architecture,namely the seismic intensity monitoring equipment and the seismic intensity rapid reporting information center processing platform.The platform obtains measured instrumental intensity through the seismic intensity monitoring equipment deployed along railways and combines it with the National Seismic Network Earthquake Catalog to generate real-time railway seismic intensity distribution maps using the Kriging interpolation algorithm.A calculation method for railway seismic impact intervals is designed to calculate the mileage intervals where the intensity area corresponding to each contour line in the seismic intensity distribution map intersects with the railway line.Findings–The system was deployed for practical earthquake monitoring demonstration applications on the Nanjiang Railway Line in Xinjiang.During the operational period,the seismic intensity monitoring equipment calculated and uploaded instrumental intensity values to the seismic intensity rapid reporting information center processing platform a total of nine times.Among these,earthquakes triggering the Kriging interpolation algorithm occurred twice.The system operated stably throughout the application period and successfully visualized relevant seismic impact data,such as earthquake intensity distribution maps and affected railway mileage sections.These results validate the system’s practicality and effectiveness.Originality/value–The seismic intensity monitoring for the railway system designed in this study can integrate the measured instrumental intensity data along railways and the earthquake catalog of the National Seismic Network.It uses the Kriging interpolation method to calculate the intensity distribution and determine the seismic impact scope,thereby addressing the issue that the seismic intensity distribution calculated by traditional attenuation formulas deviates from reality.The system can provide clear graded interval recommendations for post-earthquake disposal,effectively improve the efficiency of post-earthquake recovery and inspection and offer a decision-making basis for restoring railway operations quickly.
文摘目的对癌症患者预立医疗照护计划相关文献进行范围审查,为临床开展针对性干预措施提供参考依据。方法以范围综述方法学为指导,计算机检索中国知网、万方、PubMed、Web of Science等数据库,检索时限为建库至2024年4月。结果共纳入22篇文献,9项研究示,癌症患者预立医疗照护计划参与率为22.4%~82.2%,11项研究调查其接受度、准备度及影响因素,2项研究探讨了干预模式。结论癌症患者预立医疗照护计划参与率偏低,主要受人口学因素、疾病相关因素、社会及心理等因素的影响,且其与临床决策关系的结论不一致,现有干预措施较为局限,未来研究可从各因素作为切入点,构建符合我国文化背景的预立医疗照护计划推广模式。
文摘[目的/意义]科学论文向技术领域扩散对技术的创新发展发挥着重要作用,然而论文在技术领域的扩散速度参差不齐,扩散速度的快慢是否影响产生的扩散效果尚不清晰。[方法/过程]文章利用专利引用论文的引用关系,以1980—2009年Web of Science数据库的论文和1980—2020年USPTO数据库的授权专利作为核心数据集,通过论文被引速率和首次被引间隔测度论文向技术领域的扩散速度,通过扩散产生的技术影响强度和技术影响广度综合测度扩散效果,并添加被引间隔和被引速率的交互作用,分析论文扩散速度与扩散效果的关系。此外,选择被专利持续引用的论文作为研究对象,分析不同扩散时期的扩散速率与扩散效果的关系。[结果/结论]研究表明,论文整体扩散速率不断上升;扩散速率与技术影响强度和广度均呈现倒U形关系,被引间隔与技术影响强度和广度均呈现U形关系;被引间隔对扩散速率与扩散效果的关系具有显著调节作用。此外,在不同扩散时期,早期和中期的扩散速率与技术影响强度和广度呈现倒U形关系,而中后期扩散速率与技术影响强度和广度呈现U形关系。
