Multiply charged ions of Ar and NO were observed in MPI experiment Of NO/Ar with TOF-MS. A delayable pulsed acceleration field wn applied tO investigate the effect of the photoelectrons on the formation of the multi...Multiply charged ions of Ar and NO were observed in MPI experiment Of NO/Ar with TOF-MS. A delayable pulsed acceleration field wn applied tO investigate the effect of the photoelectrons on the formation of the multiply charged ions. The multiply charged ions were suggested to be produced by photoelectron impact ionization, in the region bentween the extractor grid and the repeller plate, step by step, from neutral species and lower charged ions. The 50-60ns of FWHM of the ion peaks implies that the pulse width of the photoelectrons should be shorter considering the broadening effect during the ionization process.展开更多
Green manufacturing is a mode to realize environmental friendliness by considering the environmental impact and energy consumption in manufacturing process.In order to make an environmental friendly assessment for man...Green manufacturing is a mode to realize environmental friendliness by considering the environmental impact and energy consumption in manufacturing process.In order to make an environmental friendly assessment for manufacturing process,a multi-criteria decision making( MCDM) model combined with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process( FAHP) and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution( FTOPSIS) is proposed in this work.The environmental and resource criteria and manufacturing process objects are identified as the first step.Then,the weights of the criteria are calculated by FAHP.Finally,based on experts' evaluation using fuzzy words,the manufacturing process objects are ranked by FTOPSIS.The proposed methodology is applied to a gear shaft manufacturing.The sensitivity analysis and comparisons are implemented to prove its robustness and effectiveness for the ecofriendly assessment for process objects.展开更多
Two numerical experiments were performed by using ECMWF limited area model in order to assess the impact of radiative processes on the onset of summer monsoon.The control experiment includes all model physics and the ...Two numerical experiments were performed by using ECMWF limited area model in order to assess the impact of radiative processes on the onset of summer monsoon.The control experiment includes all model physics and the other experiment is exclusive of radiative processes.The simulated results show that the radiative processes enhanced the monsoon circulation and the associated vertical circulation over South Asia.Especially over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,the build-up of the plateau monsoon depression and the beginning of the plat- eau rainy season are highly dependent upon the radiative processes. Through the radiation-cloud interaction,the “moist processes” were enhanced over land.More latent heat was released.The feedback of the physical processes caused the strengthening of the monsoon circulation over southern Asia.展开更多
Kitwe,Zambia,October 17-19,2011 Scientific Board of the International Geoscience Programme approved a new IGCP Project 594 entitled“The assessment of the impact of mining and mineral processing on the environment and...Kitwe,Zambia,October 17-19,2011 Scientific Board of the International Geoscience Programme approved a new IGCP Project 594 entitled“The assessment of the impact of mining and mineral processing on the environment and human health in Africa”in 2011.Members of the IGCP 594 held their Inaugural Workshop in Kitwe,Zambia,from October 17-19,2011.The workshop consisted of a day and half of presentations of current scientific results and half day business meeting planning the following year’s work-plan.Afterwards as many as 40 participants joined the one-day field trip to the Copperbelt,where one group visited Mindolo underground Mine in Kitwe,the other group visited the South Ore body Shaft,in Kitwe as well.The workshop was hosted by the University of Zambia and the Copperbelt University.展开更多
Droplet impacting liquid surface is not only the extremely prevalent phenomenon in the nature and industrial production but also the extremely complicated problem of strong non-linear transient impact and free-surface...Droplet impacting liquid surface is not only the extremely prevalent phenomenon in the nature and industrial production but also the extremely complicated problem of strong non-linear transient impact and free-surface flow. On the basis of the two-dimensional viscous incompressible N-S equations, this paper conducts a study of numerical simulation on the problem of droplet impacting liquid surface （water beads） of water container in certain initial velocity by the method of SPH （smoothed particle hydrodynamics）. The effect of surface tension is considered between surface particles by searching the free surface particles in the course of study; the effect of initial impact has been solved by use of artificial viscosity; at the same time, the side-wall virtual particles and image virtual particles are both introduced to deal with the boundary condition, which has solved the boundary defects quite well and eliminated the instability of real particles dropped to the comer of container. The calculated results form the distribution chart of particles, flow field chart, pressure chart and the displacement and velocity variation curve of different particles. The comparison between simulated results and experimental photos shows that the simulation is effective. This paper compares the variational curves for fluctuations of liquid surface qualitatively through adopting the methods of level-set, BEM and SPH, respectively at last. The simulated results show that it will produce strong non-linear phenomena, such as the splash of liquid, discrete liquid surface, and strong wave of free liquid surface, when the droplet impacts liquid surface; in the course of impacting, the movement of liquid particles exhibits the characteristic of oscillation; the method of SPH has certain advantages of dealing with the large deformation problem of free surface.展开更多
文摘Multiply charged ions of Ar and NO were observed in MPI experiment Of NO/Ar with TOF-MS. A delayable pulsed acceleration field wn applied tO investigate the effect of the photoelectrons on the formation of the multiply charged ions. The multiply charged ions were suggested to be produced by photoelectron impact ionization, in the region bentween the extractor grid and the repeller plate, step by step, from neutral species and lower charged ions. The 50-60ns of FWHM of the ion peaks implies that the pulse width of the photoelectrons should be shorter considering the broadening effect during the ionization process.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51475459)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.PAPD)
文摘Green manufacturing is a mode to realize environmental friendliness by considering the environmental impact and energy consumption in manufacturing process.In order to make an environmental friendly assessment for manufacturing process,a multi-criteria decision making( MCDM) model combined with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process( FAHP) and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution( FTOPSIS) is proposed in this work.The environmental and resource criteria and manufacturing process objects are identified as the first step.Then,the weights of the criteria are calculated by FAHP.Finally,based on experts' evaluation using fuzzy words,the manufacturing process objects are ranked by FTOPSIS.The proposed methodology is applied to a gear shaft manufacturing.The sensitivity analysis and comparisons are implemented to prove its robustness and effectiveness for the ecofriendly assessment for process objects.
文摘Two numerical experiments were performed by using ECMWF limited area model in order to assess the impact of radiative processes on the onset of summer monsoon.The control experiment includes all model physics and the other experiment is exclusive of radiative processes.The simulated results show that the radiative processes enhanced the monsoon circulation and the associated vertical circulation over South Asia.Especially over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,the build-up of the plateau monsoon depression and the beginning of the plat- eau rainy season are highly dependent upon the radiative processes. Through the radiation-cloud interaction,the “moist processes” were enhanced over land.More latent heat was released.The feedback of the physical processes caused the strengthening of the monsoon circulation over southern Asia.
文摘Kitwe,Zambia,October 17-19,2011 Scientific Board of the International Geoscience Programme approved a new IGCP Project 594 entitled“The assessment of the impact of mining and mineral processing on the environment and human health in Africa”in 2011.Members of the IGCP 594 held their Inaugural Workshop in Kitwe,Zambia,from October 17-19,2011.The workshop consisted of a day and half of presentations of current scientific results and half day business meeting planning the following year’s work-plan.Afterwards as many as 40 participants joined the one-day field trip to the Copperbelt,where one group visited Mindolo underground Mine in Kitwe,the other group visited the South Ore body Shaft,in Kitwe as well.The workshop was hosted by the University of Zambia and the Copperbelt University.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51079095, 51021004)
文摘Droplet impacting liquid surface is not only the extremely prevalent phenomenon in the nature and industrial production but also the extremely complicated problem of strong non-linear transient impact and free-surface flow. On the basis of the two-dimensional viscous incompressible N-S equations, this paper conducts a study of numerical simulation on the problem of droplet impacting liquid surface （water beads） of water container in certain initial velocity by the method of SPH （smoothed particle hydrodynamics）. The effect of surface tension is considered between surface particles by searching the free surface particles in the course of study; the effect of initial impact has been solved by use of artificial viscosity; at the same time, the side-wall virtual particles and image virtual particles are both introduced to deal with the boundary condition, which has solved the boundary defects quite well and eliminated the instability of real particles dropped to the comer of container. The calculated results form the distribution chart of particles, flow field chart, pressure chart and the displacement and velocity variation curve of different particles. The comparison between simulated results and experimental photos shows that the simulation is effective. This paper compares the variational curves for fluctuations of liquid surface qualitatively through adopting the methods of level-set, BEM and SPH, respectively at last. The simulated results show that it will produce strong non-linear phenomena, such as the splash of liquid, discrete liquid surface, and strong wave of free liquid surface, when the droplet impacts liquid surface; in the course of impacting, the movement of liquid particles exhibits the characteristic of oscillation; the method of SPH has certain advantages of dealing with the large deformation problem of free surface.
