Immigrant settlements established during late-imperial China reshaped coastal cultural landscapes in ways that conventional two-dimensional surveys only partially document.This study integrates centimetre-resolution t...Immigrant settlements established during late-imperial China reshaped coastal cultural landscapes in ways that conventional two-dimensional surveys only partially document.This study integrates centimetre-resolution terrestrial laser scanning,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)photogrammetry,Qing-era cadastral maps and archival narratives into a GIS-driven three-dimensional semantic model that covers 1.04 km²of representative Ming-Qing heritage districts in Fujian(Zhangzhou tulou belt)and Guangdong(Guangzhou Xiguan mansions).A rule-driven ontology comprising forty-two classes links geometric primitives,walls,clan shrines,arcaded houses,to socio-ritual functions such as lineage worship,defensive organisation and intercultural trade.The workflow achieves a mean geometric root-mean-square error of 0.027 m,an overall semantic F1 of 0.892 and a processing throughput of 4.6×105 points s-1.Spatial analyses reveal statistically significant alignment(Rayleigh Z=41.7,p<0.001)between clan-hall axes and ancestral migration bearings,while variogram modelling of courtyard dimensions uncovers adaptive modulation to local hydrological regimes.By coupling dense reality capture with a culturally specific ontology,the research demonstrates that three-dimensional semantic GIS rigorously decodes immigrant cultural landscapes and supports evidence-based heritage conservation.展开更多
文摘Immigrant settlements established during late-imperial China reshaped coastal cultural landscapes in ways that conventional two-dimensional surveys only partially document.This study integrates centimetre-resolution terrestrial laser scanning,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)photogrammetry,Qing-era cadastral maps and archival narratives into a GIS-driven three-dimensional semantic model that covers 1.04 km²of representative Ming-Qing heritage districts in Fujian(Zhangzhou tulou belt)and Guangdong(Guangzhou Xiguan mansions).A rule-driven ontology comprising forty-two classes links geometric primitives,walls,clan shrines,arcaded houses,to socio-ritual functions such as lineage worship,defensive organisation and intercultural trade.The workflow achieves a mean geometric root-mean-square error of 0.027 m,an overall semantic F1 of 0.892 and a processing throughput of 4.6×105 points s-1.Spatial analyses reveal statistically significant alignment(Rayleigh Z=41.7,p<0.001)between clan-hall axes and ancestral migration bearings,while variogram modelling of courtyard dimensions uncovers adaptive modulation to local hydrological regimes.By coupling dense reality capture with a culturally specific ontology,the research demonstrates that three-dimensional semantic GIS rigorously decodes immigrant cultural landscapes and supports evidence-based heritage conservation.
