Optical imaging in the second near-infrared(NIR-II;900-1880 nm)window is currently a popular research topic in the field of biomedical imaging.This study aimed to explore the application value of NIR-II fluorescence i...Optical imaging in the second near-infrared(NIR-II;900-1880 nm)window is currently a popular research topic in the field of biomedical imaging.This study aimed to explore the application value of NIR-II fluorescence imaging in foot and ankle surgeries.A lab-established NIR-II fluorescence surgical navigation system was developed and used to navigate foot and ankle surgeries which enabled obtaining more high-spatial-frequency information and a higher signal-to-background ratio(SBR)in NIR-II fluorescence images compared to NIR-I fluorescence images;our result demonstrates that NIR-II imaging could provide higher-contrast and larger-depth images to surgeons.Three types of clinical application scenarios(diabetic foot,calcaneal fracture,and lower extremity trauma)were included in this study.Using the NIR-II fluorescence imaging technique,we observed the ischemic region in the diabetic foot before morphological alterations,accurately determined the boundary of the ischemic region in the surgical incision,and fully assessed the blood supply condition of the flap.NIR-II fluorescence imaging can help surgeons precisely judge surgical margins,detect ischemic lesions early,and dynamically trace the perfusion process.We believe that portable and reliable NIR-II fluorescence imaging equipment and additional functional fluorescent probes can play crucial roles in precision surgery.展开更多
Malignant tumors are the main diseases threatening human life. Using precise theranostics to diagnose and cure tumors has emerged as a new method to improve patient survival. Based on the current development of precis...Malignant tumors are the main diseases threatening human life. Using precise theranostics to diagnose and cure tumors has emerged as a new method to improve patient survival. Based on the current development of precise tumor imaging, image-guided tumor therapy has received widespread attention because it is beneficial for developing precise treatment of tumors, has the potential to improve the efficacy of tumor therapy and reduce the incidence of adverse side effects. Nanoprobes, which are nanomaterial functionalized with specific biomolecules, have intrigued intense interest due to their great potential in monitoring biorecognition and biodetection evens. Benefiting from the unique advantages of nanomaterials, including the easy surface functionalization, the unique imaging performances, and the high drug loading capacity, nanoprobes have become a powerful tool to simultaneously realize tumor precise imaging, diagnosis, and therapy. This review introduces the non-invasive tumor precise imaging and highlights the recent advances of image-guided oncotherapy mediated by nanoprobes in anti-tumor drug delivery, tumor precise surgical navigation, chemodynamic therapy, and phototherapy. Finally, a perspective on the challenge and future direction of nanoprobes in imaging-guided tumor theranostics is also discussed.展开更多
AIM: To investigate if magnetic resonance(MR)-guided biopsy can improve the performance and safety of such procedures. METHODS: A novel MR-compatible bioptome was evaluated in a series of in-vitro experiments in a 1.5...AIM: To investigate if magnetic resonance(MR)-guided biopsy can improve the performance and safety of such procedures. METHODS: A novel MR-compatible bioptome was evaluated in a series of in-vitro experiments in a 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) system. The bioptome was inserted into explanted porcine and bovine hearts under real-time MR-guidance employing a steady state free precession sequence. The artifact produced by the metal element at the tip and the signal voids caused by the bioptome were visually tracked for navigation and allowed its constant and precise localization. RESULTS: Cardiac structural elements and the target regions for the biopsy were clearly visible. Our method allowed a significantly better spatial visualization of the bioptoms tip compared to conventional X-ray guidance. The specific device design of the bioptome avoided inducible currents and therefore subsequent heating. The novel MR-compatible bioptome provided a superior cardiovascular magnetic resonance(imaging) soft-tissue visualization for MR-guided myocardial biopsies. Not at least the use of MRI guidance for endomyocardial biopsies completely avoided radiation exposure for both patients and interventionalists.CONCLUSION: MRI-guided endomyocardial biopsies provide a better than conventional X-ray guided navigation and could therefore improve the specificity and reproducibility of cardiac biopsies in future studies.展开更多
Long-term in vivo fluorescence analysis is growing into a sparkling frontier in gaining deep insights into various biological processes.Exploration of such fluorophores with high performance still remains an appealing...Long-term in vivo fluorescence analysis is growing into a sparkling frontier in gaining deep insights into various biological processes.Exploration of such fluorophores with high performance still remains an appealing yet significantly challenging task.In this study,we have elaborately integrated a second near-infrared(NIR-II)emissive fluorophore with the metal Pt into a self-assembled prism-like metallacage M-DBTP,which enables the intravital long-term tracking of the metal Pt through NIR-II fluorescence imaging technologies.In addition,the intravital bioimaging of the metallacage-loaded nanoparticles(NPs)indicated an extraordinary photographic performance on the mice blood vessels and the rapid clearance of M-DBTP NPs from the blood within 7 h.The subsequent transfer to the bones and the retention of NPs in the bone marrow region for up to 35 days was revealed by long-term fluorescence analysis,which was confirmed by the distribution and metabolism of Pt through an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer.Moreover,the bright emission of M-DBTP NPs in the NIR-II region enables them to well perform on fluorescence imaging-guided tumor surgery.展开更多
The near-infrared(NIR)-Ⅱ bioimaging technique is highly important for both diagnosing and treating life-threatening diseases due to its exceptional imaging capabilities.However,the lack of suitable NIR-Ⅱ fluorescent...The near-infrared(NIR)-Ⅱ bioimaging technique is highly important for both diagnosing and treating life-threatening diseases due to its exceptional imaging capabilities.However,the lack of suitable NIR-Ⅱ fluorescent probes has hindered their widespread clinical application.To address this issue,the binding of albumin to cyanine dyes has emerged as a practical and efficient method for developing high-performance NIR-Ⅱ probes.Cyanine dyes can bind with exogenous and endogenous albumin through either covalent or noncova lent interactions,serving various purposes.The resulting cyanine@albumin(or albumin@cyanine)fluorophores offer significant advantages,including strong brightness,excellent photostability,good biosafety,and a long-term,high-resolution imaging window.Cyanine dye in situ binding with endogenous albumin can also enhance the targeting imaging capability.This review provides a summary of the interaction mechanism,performance enhancement,tumor-targeting feature,and in vivo imaging applications of the cyanine@albumin fluorophores.These advancements not only highlight the unique characteristics of cyanine@albumin fluorophores in preclinical research but also emphasize their potential for clinical diagnosis.展开更多
Pure drug-assembled nanomedicines(PDANs)are currently under intensive investigation as promising nanoplatforms for cancer therapy.However,poor colloidal stability and less tumor-homing ability remain critical unresolv...Pure drug-assembled nanomedicines(PDANs)are currently under intensive investigation as promising nanoplatforms for cancer therapy.However,poor colloidal stability and less tumor-homing ability remain critical unresolved problems that impede their clinical translation.Herein,we report a core-matched nanoassembly of pyropheophorbide a(PPa)for photodynamic therapy(PDT).Pure PPa molecules are found to self-assemble into nanoparticles(NPs),and an amphiphilic PEG polymer(PPaPEG_(2K))is utilized to achieve core-matched PEGylating modification via the p-p stacking effect and hydrophobic interaction between the PPa core and the PPa-PEG_(2K) shell.Compared to PCL-PEG_(2K) with similar molecular weight,PPa-PEG_(2K) significantly increases the stability,prolongs the systemic circulation and improves the tumor-homing ability and ROS generation efficiency of PPa-nanoassembly.As a result,PPa/PPa-PEG_(2K) NPs exert potent antitumor activity in a 4T1 breast tumor-bearing BALB/c mouse xenograft model.Together,such a core-matched nanoassembly of pure photosensitizer provides a new strategy for the development of imaging-guided theragnostic nanomedicines.展开更多
Imaging-guided photodynamic therapy （PDT） has been regarded as a promising strategy for precise cancer treatment. Because of their excellent modifiability and drug-loading capacity, nanoparticles have played an impo...Imaging-guided photodynamic therapy （PDT） has been regarded as a promising strategy for precise cancer treatment. Because of their excellent modifiability and drug-loading capacity, nanoparticles have played an important role in PDT. Nonetheless, when traditional photosensitizers are made into nanoparticles, both their fluorescence and reactive oxygen species generation efficacy decrease due to a phenomenon known as aggregation-caused quenching. Fortunately, in recent years, several kinds of organic dyes with ＂abnormal＂ properties （termed aggregation-induced emission, AIE） were developed. With enhanced fluorescence emission in the nanoaggregation state, the traditional obstacles mentioned above may be overcome by AIE luminogens. Herein, we provide a better combination of photosensitizers and nanoparticles, namely, dual-function AIE nanopartides capable of producing reactive oxygen species, to implement targeted and imaging-guided in vivo PDT. Good contrast of in vivo imaging and obvious therapeutic efficacy were observed at a low dose of AIE nanoparticles and low irradiance of light, thus resulting in negligible side effects. Our work shows that AIE nanopartides may play a promising role in imaging-guided clinical PDT for cancer in the near future.展开更多
Fluorescence imaging in the second infrared window(1000-1700 nm)has emerged as a promising approach to tumor diagnosis.However,the currently available second near-infrared(NIR-II)imaging agents are based on the“alway...Fluorescence imaging in the second infrared window(1000-1700 nm)has emerged as a promising approach to tumor diagnosis.However,the currently available second near-infrared(NIR-II)imaging agents are based on the“always on”modality or single biomarker activation,which are subject to limited imaging contrast,nonspecific response,and even false-positive diagnosis.Here,we developed a H2S/H+dual-stimuli responsive NIR-II fluorescent probe,WH-N3,for precise tumor delimitation and intraoperative fluorescence-guided surgical resection.WH-N3 itself is nonfluorescent,and it can only light up through synergistic activation by H2S and in the tumor acidic environment(TEM).Such a“duallock-dual-key”strategy-based activatable probe exhibited significantly higher tumor-to-normal tissue(T/N)ratios than the“always on”agent(ICG)and single parameter responsive counterpart probes in the imaging of colon tumors,which overexpresses H2S.WH-N3 was also able to visualize the tumor-derived endogenous H2S fluctuation and accurately differentiate tumor types based on H2S content discrepancy.More excitingly,under the guidance of the probe’s highly specific NIR-II fluorescence,a tiny orthotopic colon tumor with diameter down to 0.8 mm was facilely resected.We expect our dual-stimuli responsive strategy will contribute more reliable tools for specific discrimination and imaging-guided excision of tumor.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder defined by decreased reasoning abilities,memory loss,and cognitive deterioration.The presence of the blood-brain barrier presents a major obstacle to the dev...Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder defined by decreased reasoning abilities,memory loss,and cognitive deterioration.The presence of the blood-brain barrier presents a major obstacle to the development of effective drug therapies for Alzheimer’s disease.The use of ultrasound as a novel physical modulation approach has garnered widespread attention in recent years.As a safe and feasible therapeutic and drug-delivery method,ultrasound has shown promise in improving cognitive deficits.This article provides a summary of the application of ultrasound technology for treating Alzheimer’s disease over the past 5 years,including standalone ultrasound treatment,ultrasound combined with microbubbles or drug therapy,and magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound therapy.Emphasis is placed on the benefits of introducing these treatment methods and their potential mechanisms.We found that several ultrasound methods can open the blood-brain barrier and effectively alleviate amyloid-βplaque deposition.We believe that ultrasound is an effective therapy for Alzheimer’s disease,and this review provides a theoretical basis for future ultrasound treatment methods.展开更多
Fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy holds great promise for application in precise cancer diagnosis and treatment,which has motivated high requirements for phototheranostic agents.However,current photosen...Fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy holds great promise for application in precise cancer diagnosis and treatment,which has motivated high requirements for phototheranostic agents.However,current photosensitizers(PSs)generally face limitations such as short emission wavelength and inadequate reactive oxygen species(ROS)production.Aggregation-caused quenching issue also hinders the phototheranostic efficiency of PSs.Herein,theπ-bridge modulation strategy is proposed to construct ionic PSs with enhanced bioimaging and therapeutic outcomes.Two donor-π-acceptor(D-π-A)molecules TPCPY and TFCPY were obtained by incorporating phenyl and furan units asπ-bridge,respectively.Both PSs feature aggregation-induced near-infrared emission.Under light irradiation,TPCPY and TFCPY can produce both typeⅠandⅡROS.Introducing furan ring in TFCPY enhances the ROS generation capacity by typeⅠphotosensitization process,which is consistent with the reduced energy gap between singlet and triplet states from theoretical calculation.Furthermore,TFCPY can achieve quick cellular uptake,accumulate in mitochondria,and then efficiently kill cancer cells,which is superior to TPCPY.Consequently,TFCPY exhibited good antitumor outcomes and excellent in vivo fluorescence imaging ability.This work provides an efficient molecular engineering of introducing heterocycles into the D-π-A skeleton to develop high-performance PSs with both typeⅠandⅡROS generation.展开更多
Dystonia characterizes a group of neurological movement disorders characterized by abnormal muscle movements,often with repetitive or sustained contraction resulting in abnormal posturing.Different types of dystonia p...Dystonia characterizes a group of neurological movement disorders characterized by abnormal muscle movements,often with repetitive or sustained contraction resulting in abnormal posturing.Different types of dystonia present based on the affected body regions and play a prominent role in determining the potential efficacy of a given intervention.For most patients afflicted with these disorders,an exact cause is rarely identified,so treatment mainly focuses on symptomatic alleviation.Pharmacological agents,such as oral anticholinergic administration and botulinum toxin injection,play a major role in the initial treatment of patients.In more severe and/or refractory cases,focal areas for neurosurgical intervention are identified and targeted to improve quality of life.Deep brain stimulation(DBS)targets these anatomical locations to minimize dystonia symptoms.Surgical ablation procedures and peripheral denervation surgeries also offer potential treatment to patients who do not respond to DBS.These management options grant providers and patients the ability to weigh the benefits and risks for each individual patient profile.This review article explores these pharmacological and neurosurgical management modalities for dystonia,providing a comprehensive assessment of each of their benefits and shortcomings.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： Precision radiotherapy plays an important role in the management of brain tumors. This study aimed to identify global research trends in precision radiotherapy for brain tumors using a bibliometric analysi...OBJECTIVE： Precision radiotherapy plays an important role in the management of brain tumors. This study aimed to identify global research trends in precision radiotherapy for brain tumors using a bibliometric analysis of the Web of Science. DATA RETRIEVAL： We performed a bibliometric analysis of data retrievals for precision radiotherapy for brain tumors containing the key words cerebral tumor, brain tumor, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, stereotactic body radiation therapy, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, imaging-guided radiotherapy, dose-guided radiotherapy, stereotactic brachytherapy, and stereotactic radiotherapy using the Web of Science. SELECTION CRITERIA： Inclusion criteria： （a） peer-reviewed articles on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors which were published and indexed in the Web of Science; （b） type of articles： original research articles and reviews; （c） year of publication： 2002-2011. Exclusion criteria： （a） articles that required manual searching or telephone access; （b） Corrected papers or book chapters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： （1） Annual publication output; （2） distribution according to country; （3） distribution according to institution; （4） top cited publications; （5） distribution according to journals; and （6） comparison of study results on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors. RESULTS： The stereotactic radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and imaging-guided radiotherapy are three major methods of precision radiotherapy for brain tumors. There were 260 research articles addressing precision radiotherapy for brain tumors found within the Web of Science. The USA published the most papers on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors, followed by Germany and France. European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, German Cancer Research Center and Heidelberg University were the most prolific research institutes for publications on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors. Among the top 13 research institutes publishing in this field, seven are in the USA, three are in Germany, two are in France, and there is one institute in India. Research interests including urology and nephrology, clinical neurology, as well as rehabilitation are involved in precision radiotherapy for brain tumors studies. CONCLUSION： Precision radiotherapy for brain tumors remains a highly active area of research and development.展开更多
BACKGROUND Secondary cardiac involvement by lymphoma has received limited attention in the medical literature, despite its grave prognosis. Although chemotherapy improves patients' survival, a subgroup of treated ...BACKGROUND Secondary cardiac involvement by lymphoma has received limited attention in the medical literature, despite its grave prognosis. Although chemotherapy improves patients' survival, a subgroup of treated patients dies suddenly due to myocardial rupture following chemotherapy initiation. Reducing the initial chemotherapy dose with dose escalation to standard doses may be effective in minimizing this risk but the data are limited. We report on the successful management of a patient with disseminated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL) involving the heart using such approach.CASE SUMMARY An 18-year-old male presented to our hospital with six months history of progressive dyspnea, orthopnea and cough. On physical examination, the patient was found to have a plethoric and mildly edematous face, fixed elevation of the right internal jugular vein, suggestive of superior vena cava obstruction, and a pelvic mass. Investigations during admission including a thoracoabdominal computed tomography(CT) scan with CT guided biopsy of the pelvic mass,echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging led to the diagnosis of disseminated DLBCL with cardiac involvement. The patients were successfully treated with chemotherapy dose reduction followed by dose escalation to standard doses, under the guidance of cardiac imaging. The patient completed chemotherapy and underwent a successful bone marrow transplant. He is currently in remission and has a normal left ventricular function.CONCLUSION Imaging-guided chemotherapy dosing may minimize the risk of myocardial rupture in cardiac lymphoma. Data are limited. Management should be individualized.展开更多
Brachytherapy forms an integral part of the radiation therapy in cancer cervix. The dose prescription for intracavitary brachytherapy(ICBT) in cancer cervix is based on Tod and Meredith's point A and has been in p...Brachytherapy forms an integral part of the radiation therapy in cancer cervix. The dose prescription for intracavitary brachytherapy(ICBT) in cancer cervix is based on Tod and Meredith's point A and has been in practice since 1938. This was proposed at a time when accessibility to imaging technology and dose computation facilities was limited. The concept has been in practice worldwide for more than half a century and has been the fulcrum of all ICBT treatments, strategies and outcome measures. The method is simple and can be adapted by all centres practicing ICBT in cancer cervix. However, with the widespread availability of imaging techniques, clinical use of different dose-rates, availability of a host of applicators fabricated with image compatible materials, radiobiological implications of dose equivalence and its impact on tumour and organs at risk; more and more weight is being laid down on individualised image based brachytherapy. Thus, computed tomography, magnetic-resonance imaging and even positron emission computerized tomographyalong with brachytherapy treatment planning system are being increasingly adopted with promising outcomes. The present article reviews the evolution of dose prescription concepts in ICBT in cancer cervix and brings forward the need for image based brachytherapy to evaluate clinical outcomes. As is evident, a gradual transition from "point" based brachytherapy to "profile" based image guided brachytherapy is gaining widespread acceptance for dose prescription, reporting and outcome evaluation in the clinical practice of ICBT in cancer cervix.展开更多
Atherosclerosis(AS) is a prevalent condition associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, featuring lipid-laden plaque;however, the insufficient resolution and low sensitivity of traditional medical im...Atherosclerosis(AS) is a prevalent condition associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, featuring lipid-laden plaque;however, the insufficient resolution and low sensitivity of traditional medical imaging techniques limit their application in lipid imaging. Currently, the second near-infrared(NIR-Ⅱ) fluorescence imaging offers promising sensitivity and convenience. However, existing probes have limitations in terms of signal-to-background ratio, penetration depth, and tissue scattering. Herein, we use a molecular regulatory strategy to design a lipid-activatable probe Rh-965 with high specificity and NIR-Ⅱ emission for improved imaging potential in deep tissues. The potential of Rh-965 for imaging plaque lipids in mice with AS is demonstrated by localizing carotid artery plaques using NIR-Ⅱ imaging. The development of more stable lipid-activated NIR-Ⅱ probes can significantly enhance atherosclerosis diagnosis and facilitate in vivo imaging in deeper tissues.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a promising cancer treatment that uses photosensitizers(PSs)to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species(ROS)under light;but improving its efficacy is crucial for clinical applications.To ...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a promising cancer treatment that uses photosensitizers(PSs)to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species(ROS)under light;but improving its efficacy is crucial for clinical applications.To address this;we propose a smart nanoplatform(P@BAO-DOX)for synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy;featuring efficient PDT;controllable drug release;and fluorescence imaging guidance.We designed an aggregation-induced emission(AIE)-based PS(BAO)with effective ROS generation and NIR-II fluorescence.Additionally;BAO as a PS and doxorubicin(DOX)as a chemo drug were encapsulated in p H-responsive nanogels(PNA)to obtain P@BAO-DOX nanogels.Upon uptake by tumor cells;the nanogel releases drugs in acidic conditions;leading to cell death.White light irradiation further triggers BAO to produce substantial ROS;enhancing phototoxicity and synergistic chemo-PDT cancer therapy.Thus;P@BAO-DOX nanogels;as a smart nanoplatform;offer precise drug release and efficient ROS generation for imaging-guided chemo-PDT synergistic therapy;showing promise in advancing cancer treatment.展开更多
High-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)is a technique to destroy tissue at depth within the body,selectively and without harming overlying and adjacent structures within the path of the beam because the ultrasonic int...High-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)is a technique to destroy tissue at depth within the body,selectively and without harming overlying and adjacent structures within the path of the beam because the ultrasonic intensity at the beam focus is much higher than that outside of the focus.Diagnostic ultrasound is the first imaging modality used for guiding HIFU ablation.In 1997,a patient with osteosarcoma was first successfully treated with ultrasound imaging-guided HIFU in Chongqing,China.Over the last decade,thousands of patients with uterine fibroids,liver cancer,breast cancer,pancreatic cancer,bone tumors,and renal cancer have been treated with ultrasound imaging-guided HIFU.Based on several research groups’reports,as well as our ten-year clinical experience,we conclude that this technique is safe and effective in treating human solid tumors.HIFU is a promising technique.Most importantly,HIFU offers patients another alternative when those patients have no other treatment available.展开更多
Photothermal therapy has the characteristics of minimal invasiveness,controllability,high efficiency,and strong specificity,which can effectively make up for the toxic side effects and tumor resistance caused by tradi...Photothermal therapy has the characteristics of minimal invasiveness,controllability,high efficiency,and strong specificity,which can effectively make up for the toxic side effects and tumor resistance caused by traditional drug treatment.However,due to the limited tissue penetration of infrared light,it is difficult to promote and apply in clinical practice.The eye is the only transparent tissue in human,and infrared light can easily penetrate the eye tissue,so it is expected that photothermal therapy can be used to treat fundus diseases.Here in,a new nano-platform assembled by liposome and indocyanine green(ICG) was used to treat retinoblastoma.ICG was assembled in liposomes to overcome some problems of ICG itself.For example,ICG is easily quenched,self-aggregating and instability.Moreover,liposomes can prevent free ICG from being cleared through the systemic circulation.The construction of the nano-platform not only ensured the stability of ICG in vivo,but also realized imaging-guide photothermal therapy,which created a new strategy for the treatment of retinoblastoma.展开更多
Remote activation of biomarker sensing holds a great promise of shifting the success of in vitro diagnostics to spatiotemporally controlled in vivo visualization of tumor,and in turn,imaging guided therapy.Herein,a&qu...Remote activation of biomarker sensing holds a great promise of shifting the success of in vitro diagnostics to spatiotemporally controlled in vivo visualization of tumor,and in turn,imaging guided therapy.Herein,a"dual-key-one-lock"nanodevice was designed and built by assembling thermo-activatable probe of trimeric DNA hybrids into a mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticle-based multifunctional nanotransducer(probe host,fluorescence quencher,and photothermal conversion agent),enabling precisely switchable theranostic operations under the co-activation of exo/endogenous stimulations(near-infrared(NIR)light and microRNA(miRNA)).By this design,the NIR irradiation-induced local heat through the porous nanotransducer can be transferred to the DNA nanothermometer for triggering the exposure of the miRNA recognition segment,as well as the subsequent fluorescence activation by strand displacement reactions(SDR).A programmable application of short-(3 min)and long-duration(10 min)NIR irradiation was administered sequentially to induce a milder and a stronger hyperthermia,respectively,to activate the localized miRNA imaging,and in turn,tumor thermoablation under the fluorescence guidance in vivo.By reducing nonspecific activation,dual factor co-activatable nanodevices exhibited a high tumor-to-background ratio(TBR)value of 8.9,as well as a significantly lower(6-9-fold)normal tissue fluorescence as compared with those sensing miRNA solely.The in vivo results show that the tumors were significantly suppressed after the photothermal therapy with the assistance of the accurate miRNA diagnosis.This rationally integrated nanoplatform may pave a new avenue for advanced theranostic systems with high spatiotemporal precision by activatable designs.展开更多
Combining therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities in one dose using nanoparticles promises to push the biomedical field toward the next generation of personalized medicine.Magnetic graphitic nanocapsules(MGNs)represen...Combining therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities in one dose using nanoparticles promises to push the biomedical field toward the next generation of personalized medicine.Magnetic graphitic nanocapsules(MGNs)represent a cuttingedge tool in the biomedical field because of their incomparable magnetic properties and versatile functionalization.This paper reviews a series of MGNs and provides instructive guidelines for the design of MGNs with enhanced properties.Then,we highlight recent progress in MGNs for biomedical application studies such as multimode imaging,magnetic navigation,imaging-guided therapy,and synergistic therapy.Finally,we discuss some future directions of MGNs that can produce pronounced effects in the biomedical field.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(K20220220)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1005003,2018YFE0190200,and 2022YFB3206000)+4 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20487,82001874,61975172,and 82102105)the Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Cognitive Healthcare(2017E10011)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ22H160017)the Zhejiang Province Science and Technology Plan Project(2022C03134)the Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Plan Project(2022ZD0160703).
文摘Optical imaging in the second near-infrared(NIR-II;900-1880 nm)window is currently a popular research topic in the field of biomedical imaging.This study aimed to explore the application value of NIR-II fluorescence imaging in foot and ankle surgeries.A lab-established NIR-II fluorescence surgical navigation system was developed and used to navigate foot and ankle surgeries which enabled obtaining more high-spatial-frequency information and a higher signal-to-background ratio(SBR)in NIR-II fluorescence images compared to NIR-I fluorescence images;our result demonstrates that NIR-II imaging could provide higher-contrast and larger-depth images to surgeons.Three types of clinical application scenarios(diabetic foot,calcaneal fracture,and lower extremity trauma)were included in this study.Using the NIR-II fluorescence imaging technique,we observed the ischemic region in the diabetic foot before morphological alterations,accurately determined the boundary of the ischemic region in the surgical incision,and fully assessed the blood supply condition of the flap.NIR-II fluorescence imaging can help surgeons precisely judge surgical margins,detect ischemic lesions early,and dynamically trace the perfusion process.We believe that portable and reliable NIR-II fluorescence imaging equipment and additional functional fluorescent probes can play crucial roles in precision surgery.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFA0908800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22174105 and 21974104)Large-scale Instrument and Equipment Sharing Foundation of Wuhan University.
文摘Malignant tumors are the main diseases threatening human life. Using precise theranostics to diagnose and cure tumors has emerged as a new method to improve patient survival. Based on the current development of precise tumor imaging, image-guided tumor therapy has received widespread attention because it is beneficial for developing precise treatment of tumors, has the potential to improve the efficacy of tumor therapy and reduce the incidence of adverse side effects. Nanoprobes, which are nanomaterial functionalized with specific biomolecules, have intrigued intense interest due to their great potential in monitoring biorecognition and biodetection evens. Benefiting from the unique advantages of nanomaterials, including the easy surface functionalization, the unique imaging performances, and the high drug loading capacity, nanoprobes have become a powerful tool to simultaneously realize tumor precise imaging, diagnosis, and therapy. This review introduces the non-invasive tumor precise imaging and highlights the recent advances of image-guided oncotherapy mediated by nanoprobes in anti-tumor drug delivery, tumor precise surgical navigation, chemodynamic therapy, and phototherapy. Finally, a perspective on the challenge and future direction of nanoprobes in imaging-guided tumor theranostics is also discussed.
基金Supported by The German Research Foundation(KA493/6_1)
文摘AIM: To investigate if magnetic resonance(MR)-guided biopsy can improve the performance and safety of such procedures. METHODS: A novel MR-compatible bioptome was evaluated in a series of in-vitro experiments in a 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) system. The bioptome was inserted into explanted porcine and bovine hearts under real-time MR-guidance employing a steady state free precession sequence. The artifact produced by the metal element at the tip and the signal voids caused by the bioptome were visually tracked for navigation and allowed its constant and precise localization. RESULTS: Cardiac structural elements and the target regions for the biopsy were clearly visible. Our method allowed a significantly better spatial visualization of the bioptoms tip compared to conventional X-ray guidance. The specific device design of the bioptome avoided inducible currents and therefore subsequent heating. The novel MR-compatible bioptome provided a superior cardiovascular magnetic resonance(imaging) soft-tissue visualization for MR-guided myocardial biopsies. Not at least the use of MRI guidance for endomyocardial biopsies completely avoided radiation exposure for both patients and interventionalists.CONCLUSION: MRI-guided endomyocardial biopsies provide a better than conventional X-ray guided navigation and could therefore improve the specificity and reproducibility of cardiac biopsies in future studies.
基金supported by the Research Team Cultivation Program of Shenzhen University(2023QNT003)Medical-Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Foundation of Shenzhen University(2023YG021)+2 种基金Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program 2019QN01Y103Science and Technology Foundation of Shenzhen City(20220809130438001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52122317,22175120,and 22101183).
文摘Long-term in vivo fluorescence analysis is growing into a sparkling frontier in gaining deep insights into various biological processes.Exploration of such fluorophores with high performance still remains an appealing yet significantly challenging task.In this study,we have elaborately integrated a second near-infrared(NIR-II)emissive fluorophore with the metal Pt into a self-assembled prism-like metallacage M-DBTP,which enables the intravital long-term tracking of the metal Pt through NIR-II fluorescence imaging technologies.In addition,the intravital bioimaging of the metallacage-loaded nanoparticles(NPs)indicated an extraordinary photographic performance on the mice blood vessels and the rapid clearance of M-DBTP NPs from the blood within 7 h.The subsequent transfer to the bones and the retention of NPs in the bone marrow region for up to 35 days was revealed by long-term fluorescence analysis,which was confirmed by the distribution and metabolism of Pt through an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer.Moreover,the bright emission of M-DBTP NPs in the NIR-II region enables them to well perform on fluorescence imaging-guided tumor surgery.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2601900).
文摘The near-infrared(NIR)-Ⅱ bioimaging technique is highly important for both diagnosing and treating life-threatening diseases due to its exceptional imaging capabilities.However,the lack of suitable NIR-Ⅱ fluorescent probes has hindered their widespread clinical application.To address this issue,the binding of albumin to cyanine dyes has emerged as a practical and efficient method for developing high-performance NIR-Ⅱ probes.Cyanine dyes can bind with exogenous and endogenous albumin through either covalent or noncova lent interactions,serving various purposes.The resulting cyanine@albumin(or albumin@cyanine)fluorophores offer significant advantages,including strong brightness,excellent photostability,good biosafety,and a long-term,high-resolution imaging window.Cyanine dye in situ binding with endogenous albumin can also enhance the targeting imaging capability.This review provides a summary of the interaction mechanism,performance enhancement,tumor-targeting feature,and in vivo imaging applications of the cyanine@albumin fluorophores.These advancements not only highlight the unique characteristics of cyanine@albumin fluorophores in preclinical research but also emphasize their potential for clinical diagnosis.
基金supported by Science and Technology Major Project of Liaoning(No.2019JH1/10300004,China)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773656 and 81703451)+2 种基金the Excellent Youth Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2020-YQ-06,China)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M670794)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1907129 and XLYC1808017,China)。
文摘Pure drug-assembled nanomedicines(PDANs)are currently under intensive investigation as promising nanoplatforms for cancer therapy.However,poor colloidal stability and less tumor-homing ability remain critical unresolved problems that impede their clinical translation.Herein,we report a core-matched nanoassembly of pyropheophorbide a(PPa)for photodynamic therapy(PDT).Pure PPa molecules are found to self-assemble into nanoparticles(NPs),and an amphiphilic PEG polymer(PPaPEG_(2K))is utilized to achieve core-matched PEGylating modification via the p-p stacking effect and hydrophobic interaction between the PPa core and the PPa-PEG_(2K) shell.Compared to PCL-PEG_(2K) with similar molecular weight,PPa-PEG_(2K) significantly increases the stability,prolongs the systemic circulation and improves the tumor-homing ability and ROS generation efficiency of PPa-nanoassembly.As a result,PPa/PPa-PEG_(2K) NPs exert potent antitumor activity in a 4T1 breast tumor-bearing BALB/c mouse xenograft model.Together,such a core-matched nanoassembly of pure photosensitizer provides a new strategy for the development of imaging-guided theragnostic nanomedicines.
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China （973 Program） （Nos. 2013CB834704 and 2011CB503700）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） （No. 11621101）, and the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province （No. 2010R50007）
文摘Imaging-guided photodynamic therapy （PDT） has been regarded as a promising strategy for precise cancer treatment. Because of their excellent modifiability and drug-loading capacity, nanoparticles have played an important role in PDT. Nonetheless, when traditional photosensitizers are made into nanoparticles, both their fluorescence and reactive oxygen species generation efficacy decrease due to a phenomenon known as aggregation-caused quenching. Fortunately, in recent years, several kinds of organic dyes with ＂abnormal＂ properties （termed aggregation-induced emission, AIE） were developed. With enhanced fluorescence emission in the nanoaggregation state, the traditional obstacles mentioned above may be overcome by AIE luminogens. Herein, we provide a better combination of photosensitizers and nanoparticles, namely, dual-function AIE nanopartides capable of producing reactive oxygen species, to implement targeted and imaging-guided in vivo PDT. Good contrast of in vivo imaging and obvious therapeutic efficacy were observed at a low dose of AIE nanoparticles and low irradiance of light, thus resulting in negligible side effects. Our work shows that AIE nanopartides may play a promising role in imaging-guided clinical PDT for cancer in the near future.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.21625503).The numerical calculations in this paper have been done on the supercomputing system in the Supercomputing Center of Wuhan University.
文摘Fluorescence imaging in the second infrared window(1000-1700 nm)has emerged as a promising approach to tumor diagnosis.However,the currently available second near-infrared(NIR-II)imaging agents are based on the“always on”modality or single biomarker activation,which are subject to limited imaging contrast,nonspecific response,and even false-positive diagnosis.Here,we developed a H2S/H+dual-stimuli responsive NIR-II fluorescent probe,WH-N3,for precise tumor delimitation and intraoperative fluorescence-guided surgical resection.WH-N3 itself is nonfluorescent,and it can only light up through synergistic activation by H2S and in the tumor acidic environment(TEM).Such a“duallock-dual-key”strategy-based activatable probe exhibited significantly higher tumor-to-normal tissue(T/N)ratios than the“always on”agent(ICG)and single parameter responsive counterpart probes in the imaging of colon tumors,which overexpresses H2S.WH-N3 was also able to visualize the tumor-derived endogenous H2S fluctuation and accurately differentiate tumor types based on H2S content discrepancy.More excitingly,under the guidance of the probe’s highly specific NIR-II fluorescence,a tiny orthotopic colon tumor with diameter down to 0.8 mm was facilely resected.We expect our dual-stimuli responsive strategy will contribute more reliable tools for specific discrimination and imaging-guided excision of tumor.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82371886(to JY),81925020(to DM),82202797(to LW),and 82271218(to CZ).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder defined by decreased reasoning abilities,memory loss,and cognitive deterioration.The presence of the blood-brain barrier presents a major obstacle to the development of effective drug therapies for Alzheimer’s disease.The use of ultrasound as a novel physical modulation approach has garnered widespread attention in recent years.As a safe and feasible therapeutic and drug-delivery method,ultrasound has shown promise in improving cognitive deficits.This article provides a summary of the application of ultrasound technology for treating Alzheimer’s disease over the past 5 years,including standalone ultrasound treatment,ultrasound combined with microbubbles or drug therapy,and magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound therapy.Emphasis is placed on the benefits of introducing these treatment methods and their potential mechanisms.We found that several ultrasound methods can open the blood-brain barrier and effectively alleviate amyloid-βplaque deposition.We believe that ultrasound is an effective therapy for Alzheimer’s disease,and this review provides a theoretical basis for future ultrasound treatment methods.
基金supported by the funding from Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20220101191JC)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22175033)the 13th Five-Year Program for Science and Technology of Education Department of Jilin Province(No.JJKH20230800KJ)。
文摘Fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy holds great promise for application in precise cancer diagnosis and treatment,which has motivated high requirements for phototheranostic agents.However,current photosensitizers(PSs)generally face limitations such as short emission wavelength and inadequate reactive oxygen species(ROS)production.Aggregation-caused quenching issue also hinders the phototheranostic efficiency of PSs.Herein,theπ-bridge modulation strategy is proposed to construct ionic PSs with enhanced bioimaging and therapeutic outcomes.Two donor-π-acceptor(D-π-A)molecules TPCPY and TFCPY were obtained by incorporating phenyl and furan units asπ-bridge,respectively.Both PSs feature aggregation-induced near-infrared emission.Under light irradiation,TPCPY and TFCPY can produce both typeⅠandⅡROS.Introducing furan ring in TFCPY enhances the ROS generation capacity by typeⅠphotosensitization process,which is consistent with the reduced energy gap between singlet and triplet states from theoretical calculation.Furthermore,TFCPY can achieve quick cellular uptake,accumulate in mitochondria,and then efficiently kill cancer cells,which is superior to TPCPY.Consequently,TFCPY exhibited good antitumor outcomes and excellent in vivo fluorescence imaging ability.This work provides an efficient molecular engineering of introducing heterocycles into the D-π-A skeleton to develop high-performance PSs with both typeⅠandⅡROS generation.
文摘Dystonia characterizes a group of neurological movement disorders characterized by abnormal muscle movements,often with repetitive or sustained contraction resulting in abnormal posturing.Different types of dystonia present based on the affected body regions and play a prominent role in determining the potential efficacy of a given intervention.For most patients afflicted with these disorders,an exact cause is rarely identified,so treatment mainly focuses on symptomatic alleviation.Pharmacological agents,such as oral anticholinergic administration and botulinum toxin injection,play a major role in the initial treatment of patients.In more severe and/or refractory cases,focal areas for neurosurgical intervention are identified and targeted to improve quality of life.Deep brain stimulation(DBS)targets these anatomical locations to minimize dystonia symptoms.Surgical ablation procedures and peripheral denervation surgeries also offer potential treatment to patients who do not respond to DBS.These management options grant providers and patients the ability to weigh the benefits and risks for each individual patient profile.This review article explores these pharmacological and neurosurgical management modalities for dystonia,providing a comprehensive assessment of each of their benefits and shortcomings.
文摘OBJECTIVE： Precision radiotherapy plays an important role in the management of brain tumors. This study aimed to identify global research trends in precision radiotherapy for brain tumors using a bibliometric analysis of the Web of Science. DATA RETRIEVAL： We performed a bibliometric analysis of data retrievals for precision radiotherapy for brain tumors containing the key words cerebral tumor, brain tumor, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, stereotactic body radiation therapy, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy, imaging-guided radiotherapy, dose-guided radiotherapy, stereotactic brachytherapy, and stereotactic radiotherapy using the Web of Science. SELECTION CRITERIA： Inclusion criteria： （a） peer-reviewed articles on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors which were published and indexed in the Web of Science; （b） type of articles： original research articles and reviews; （c） year of publication： 2002-2011. Exclusion criteria： （a） articles that required manual searching or telephone access; （b） Corrected papers or book chapters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： （1） Annual publication output; （2） distribution according to country; （3） distribution according to institution; （4） top cited publications; （5） distribution according to journals; and （6） comparison of study results on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors. RESULTS： The stereotactic radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and imaging-guided radiotherapy are three major methods of precision radiotherapy for brain tumors. There were 260 research articles addressing precision radiotherapy for brain tumors found within the Web of Science. The USA published the most papers on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors, followed by Germany and France. European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, German Cancer Research Center and Heidelberg University were the most prolific research institutes for publications on precision radiotherapy for brain tumors. Among the top 13 research institutes publishing in this field, seven are in the USA, three are in Germany, two are in France, and there is one institute in India. Research interests including urology and nephrology, clinical neurology, as well as rehabilitation are involved in precision radiotherapy for brain tumors studies. CONCLUSION： Precision radiotherapy for brain tumors remains a highly active area of research and development.
文摘BACKGROUND Secondary cardiac involvement by lymphoma has received limited attention in the medical literature, despite its grave prognosis. Although chemotherapy improves patients' survival, a subgroup of treated patients dies suddenly due to myocardial rupture following chemotherapy initiation. Reducing the initial chemotherapy dose with dose escalation to standard doses may be effective in minimizing this risk but the data are limited. We report on the successful management of a patient with disseminated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL) involving the heart using such approach.CASE SUMMARY An 18-year-old male presented to our hospital with six months history of progressive dyspnea, orthopnea and cough. On physical examination, the patient was found to have a plethoric and mildly edematous face, fixed elevation of the right internal jugular vein, suggestive of superior vena cava obstruction, and a pelvic mass. Investigations during admission including a thoracoabdominal computed tomography(CT) scan with CT guided biopsy of the pelvic mass,echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging led to the diagnosis of disseminated DLBCL with cardiac involvement. The patients were successfully treated with chemotherapy dose reduction followed by dose escalation to standard doses, under the guidance of cardiac imaging. The patient completed chemotherapy and underwent a successful bone marrow transplant. He is currently in remission and has a normal left ventricular function.CONCLUSION Imaging-guided chemotherapy dosing may minimize the risk of myocardial rupture in cardiac lymphoma. Data are limited. Management should be individualized.
文摘Brachytherapy forms an integral part of the radiation therapy in cancer cervix. The dose prescription for intracavitary brachytherapy(ICBT) in cancer cervix is based on Tod and Meredith's point A and has been in practice since 1938. This was proposed at a time when accessibility to imaging technology and dose computation facilities was limited. The concept has been in practice worldwide for more than half a century and has been the fulcrum of all ICBT treatments, strategies and outcome measures. The method is simple and can be adapted by all centres practicing ICBT in cancer cervix. However, with the widespread availability of imaging techniques, clinical use of different dose-rates, availability of a host of applicators fabricated with image compatible materials, radiobiological implications of dose equivalence and its impact on tumour and organs at risk; more and more weight is being laid down on individualised image based brachytherapy. Thus, computed tomography, magnetic-resonance imaging and even positron emission computerized tomographyalong with brachytherapy treatment planning system are being increasingly adopted with promising outcomes. The present article reviews the evolution of dose prescription concepts in ICBT in cancer cervix and brings forward the need for image based brachytherapy to evaluate clinical outcomes. As is evident, a gradual transition from "point" based brachytherapy to "profile" based image guided brachytherapy is gaining widespread acceptance for dose prescription, reporting and outcome evaluation in the clinical practice of ICBT in cancer cervix.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFA0210100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22234003, U21A20287, 21890744, and 22374040)+1 种基金the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (BX20240109)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20210324140205013)。
文摘Atherosclerosis(AS) is a prevalent condition associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, featuring lipid-laden plaque;however, the insufficient resolution and low sensitivity of traditional medical imaging techniques limit their application in lipid imaging. Currently, the second near-infrared(NIR-Ⅱ) fluorescence imaging offers promising sensitivity and convenience. However, existing probes have limitations in terms of signal-to-background ratio, penetration depth, and tissue scattering. Herein, we use a molecular regulatory strategy to design a lipid-activatable probe Rh-965 with high specificity and NIR-Ⅱ emission for improved imaging potential in deep tissues. The potential of Rh-965 for imaging plaque lipids in mice with AS is demonstrated by localizing carotid artery plaques using NIR-Ⅱ imaging. The development of more stable lipid-activated NIR-Ⅱ probes can significantly enhance atherosclerosis diagnosis and facilitate in vivo imaging in deeper tissues.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3810001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62175198,52333007,U22A2092,and 52273197)+4 种基金the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Functional Aggregate Materials(ZDSYS20211021111400001)the Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(JCYJ2021324134613038,KQTD20210811090142053,JCYJ20220818103007014,and GJHZ20210705141810031)the Innovation and Technology Commission(ITC-CNERC14SC01)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(2023A04J0069)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(xtr062022002 and xzy022022007).
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a promising cancer treatment that uses photosensitizers(PSs)to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species(ROS)under light;but improving its efficacy is crucial for clinical applications.To address this;we propose a smart nanoplatform(P@BAO-DOX)for synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy;featuring efficient PDT;controllable drug release;and fluorescence imaging guidance.We designed an aggregation-induced emission(AIE)-based PS(BAO)with effective ROS generation and NIR-II fluorescence.Additionally;BAO as a PS and doxorubicin(DOX)as a chemo drug were encapsulated in p H-responsive nanogels(PNA)to obtain P@BAO-DOX nanogels.Upon uptake by tumor cells;the nanogel releases drugs in acidic conditions;leading to cell death.White light irradiation further triggers BAO to produce substantial ROS;enhancing phototoxicity and synergistic chemo-PDT cancer therapy.Thus;P@BAO-DOX nanogels;as a smart nanoplatform;offer precise drug release and efficient ROS generation for imaging-guided chemo-PDT synergistic therapy;showing promise in advancing cancer treatment.
文摘High-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)is a technique to destroy tissue at depth within the body,selectively and without harming overlying and adjacent structures within the path of the beam because the ultrasonic intensity at the beam focus is much higher than that outside of the focus.Diagnostic ultrasound is the first imaging modality used for guiding HIFU ablation.In 1997,a patient with osteosarcoma was first successfully treated with ultrasound imaging-guided HIFU in Chongqing,China.Over the last decade,thousands of patients with uterine fibroids,liver cancer,breast cancer,pancreatic cancer,bone tumors,and renal cancer have been treated with ultrasound imaging-guided HIFU.Based on several research groups’reports,as well as our ten-year clinical experience,we conclude that this technique is safe and effective in treating human solid tumors.HIFU is a promising technique.Most importantly,HIFU offers patients another alternative when those patients have no other treatment available.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(7212092,81770887)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M650558)+1 种基金Beijing Postdoctoral Research FoundationBeijing Chaoyang District Postdoctoral Research Foundation。
文摘Photothermal therapy has the characteristics of minimal invasiveness,controllability,high efficiency,and strong specificity,which can effectively make up for the toxic side effects and tumor resistance caused by traditional drug treatment.However,due to the limited tissue penetration of infrared light,it is difficult to promote and apply in clinical practice.The eye is the only transparent tissue in human,and infrared light can easily penetrate the eye tissue,so it is expected that photothermal therapy can be used to treat fundus diseases.Here in,a new nano-platform assembled by liposome and indocyanine green(ICG) was used to treat retinoblastoma.ICG was assembled in liposomes to overcome some problems of ICG itself.For example,ICG is easily quenched,self-aggregating and instability.Moreover,liposomes can prevent free ICG from being cleared through the systemic circulation.The construction of the nano-platform not only ensured the stability of ICG in vivo,but also realized imaging-guide photothermal therapy,which created a new strategy for the treatment of retinoblastoma.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.51773022,51825302,21734002)Project No.2019CDQYSW041 supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Graduate Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.CYB20068)the 100 Talents Program of Chongqing University(J.Z.)。
文摘Remote activation of biomarker sensing holds a great promise of shifting the success of in vitro diagnostics to spatiotemporally controlled in vivo visualization of tumor,and in turn,imaging guided therapy.Herein,a"dual-key-one-lock"nanodevice was designed and built by assembling thermo-activatable probe of trimeric DNA hybrids into a mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticle-based multifunctional nanotransducer(probe host,fluorescence quencher,and photothermal conversion agent),enabling precisely switchable theranostic operations under the co-activation of exo/endogenous stimulations(near-infrared(NIR)light and microRNA(miRNA)).By this design,the NIR irradiation-induced local heat through the porous nanotransducer can be transferred to the DNA nanothermometer for triggering the exposure of the miRNA recognition segment,as well as the subsequent fluorescence activation by strand displacement reactions(SDR).A programmable application of short-(3 min)and long-duration(10 min)NIR irradiation was administered sequentially to induce a milder and a stronger hyperthermia,respectively,to activate the localized miRNA imaging,and in turn,tumor thermoablation under the fluorescence guidance in vivo.By reducing nonspecific activation,dual factor co-activatable nanodevices exhibited a high tumor-to-background ratio(TBR)value of 8.9,as well as a significantly lower(6-9-fold)normal tissue fluorescence as compared with those sensing miRNA solely.The in vivo results show that the tumors were significantly suppressed after the photothermal therapy with the assistance of the accurate miRNA diagnosis.This rationally integrated nanoplatform may pave a new avenue for advanced theranostic systems with high spatiotemporal precision by activatable designs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2403501,2020YFA0210800)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ40147)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22225401).
文摘Combining therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities in one dose using nanoparticles promises to push the biomedical field toward the next generation of personalized medicine.Magnetic graphitic nanocapsules(MGNs)represent a cuttingedge tool in the biomedical field because of their incomparable magnetic properties and versatile functionalization.This paper reviews a series of MGNs and provides instructive guidelines for the design of MGNs with enhanced properties.Then,we highlight recent progress in MGNs for biomedical application studies such as multimode imaging,magnetic navigation,imaging-guided therapy,and synergistic therapy.Finally,we discuss some future directions of MGNs that can produce pronounced effects in the biomedical field.
