目的:近年来,许多学者将3D打印人工椎体应用于颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合术中,但是与传统钛笼相比是否疗效更佳尚存争议。为此,拟系统评价3D打印人工椎体对比传统钛笼作为内植物应用于颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合治疗颈椎病的有效...目的:近年来,许多学者将3D打印人工椎体应用于颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合术中,但是与传统钛笼相比是否疗效更佳尚存争议。为此,拟系统评价3D打印人工椎体对比传统钛笼作为内植物应用于颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合治疗颈椎病的有效性与安全性。方法:计算机检索CNKI、WangFang、CBM、VIP、PubMed、EMBASE、The Cochrane Library数据库,搜集各数据库建库至2025年2月有关3D打印人工椎体应用于颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合的临床研究。筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的方法学质量后,采用Rev Man 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果:①共纳入10篇文献,包含2篇前瞻性随机对照研究,6篇回顾性队列研究,2篇前瞻性队列研究,均为高质量研究;所纳入的文献共包含534例患者,其中3D打印组273例,对照组261例;②Meta分析结果显示:3D打印组在手术时间[SMD=-1.13,95%CI(-1.87,-0.39),P=0.003]、术后末次随访椎间隙丢失高度[SMD=-3.01,95%CI(-5.74,-0.29),P=0.03]、术后3个月颈椎功能障碍指数[SMD=-0.34,95%CI(-0.66,-0.03),P=0.03]、假体塌陷率[OR=0.19,95%CI(0.11,0.32),P<0.00001]、术后吞咽不适发生率[OR=0.43,95%CI(0.21,0.90),P=0.03]方面均优于对照组,差异有显著性意义;在手术出血量、住院时间、术后日本骨科协会评分、术后目测类比评分、术后颈椎功能障碍指数(术后6个月、末次随访)、椎体融合率方面,两组差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:与传统钛笼相比,3D打印人工椎体在提高手术效率、维持术后椎间隙高度、减少术后吞咽不适发生率及假体塌陷率方面具有明显优势。展开更多
Transforming a scattering medium into a lens for imaging very simple binary objects is possible;however,it remains challenging to image complex grayscale objects,let alone measure 3D continuous distribution objects.He...Transforming a scattering medium into a lens for imaging very simple binary objects is possible;however,it remains challenging to image complex grayscale objects,let alone measure 3D continuous distribution objects.Here,we propose and demonstrate the use of a ground glass diffuser as a scattering lens for imaging complex grayscale fringes,and we employ it to achieve microscopic structured light 3D imaging(MSL3DI).The ubiquitous property of the speckle patterns permits the exploitation of the scattering medium as an ultra-thin scattering lens with a variable focal length and a flexible working distance for microscale object measurement.The method provides a light,flexible,and cost-effective imaging device as an alternative to microscope objectives or telecentric lenses in conventional MSL3DI systems.We experimentally demonstrate that employing a scattering lens allows us to achieve relatively good phase information and robust 3D imaging from depth measurements,yielding measurement accuracy only marginally lower than that of a telecentric lens,typically within approximately 10μm.Furthermore,the scattering lens demonstrates robust performance even when the imaging distance exceeds the typical working distance of a telecentric lens.The proposed method facilitates the application of scattering imaging techniques,providing a more flexible solution for MSL3DI.展开更多
Brain tumor segmentation from Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)supports neurologists and radiologists in analyzing tumors and developing personalized treatment plans,making it a crucial yet challenging task.Supervised m...Brain tumor segmentation from Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)supports neurologists and radiologists in analyzing tumors and developing personalized treatment plans,making it a crucial yet challenging task.Supervised models such as 3D U-Net perform well in this domain,but their accuracy significantly improves with appropriate preprocessing.This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of preprocessing in brain tumor segmentation by applying a pre-segmentation step based on the Generalized Gaussian Mixture Model(GGMM)to T1 contrastenhanced MRI scans from the BraTS 2020 dataset.The Expectation-Maximization(EM)algorithm is employed to estimate parameters for four tissue classes,generating a new pre-segmented channel that enhances the training and performance of the 3DU-Net model.The proposed GGMM+3D U-Net framework achieved a Dice coefficient of 0.88 for whole tumor segmentation,outperforming both the standard multiscale 3D U-Net(0.84)and MMU-Net(0.85).It also delivered higher Intersection over Union(IoU)scores compared to models trained without preprocessing or with simpler GMM-based segmentation.These results,supported by qualitative visualizations,suggest that GGMM-based preprocessing should be integrated into brain tumor segmentation pipelines to optimize performance.展开更多
文摘目的:近年来,许多学者将3D打印人工椎体应用于颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合术中,但是与传统钛笼相比是否疗效更佳尚存争议。为此,拟系统评价3D打印人工椎体对比传统钛笼作为内植物应用于颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合治疗颈椎病的有效性与安全性。方法:计算机检索CNKI、WangFang、CBM、VIP、PubMed、EMBASE、The Cochrane Library数据库,搜集各数据库建库至2025年2月有关3D打印人工椎体应用于颈椎前路椎体次全切除植骨融合的临床研究。筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的方法学质量后,采用Rev Man 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果:①共纳入10篇文献,包含2篇前瞻性随机对照研究,6篇回顾性队列研究,2篇前瞻性队列研究,均为高质量研究;所纳入的文献共包含534例患者,其中3D打印组273例,对照组261例;②Meta分析结果显示:3D打印组在手术时间[SMD=-1.13,95%CI(-1.87,-0.39),P=0.003]、术后末次随访椎间隙丢失高度[SMD=-3.01,95%CI(-5.74,-0.29),P=0.03]、术后3个月颈椎功能障碍指数[SMD=-0.34,95%CI(-0.66,-0.03),P=0.03]、假体塌陷率[OR=0.19,95%CI(0.11,0.32),P<0.00001]、术后吞咽不适发生率[OR=0.43,95%CI(0.21,0.90),P=0.03]方面均优于对照组,差异有显著性意义;在手术出血量、住院时间、术后日本骨科协会评分、术后目测类比评分、术后颈椎功能障碍指数(术后6个月、末次随访)、椎体融合率方面,两组差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:与传统钛笼相比,3D打印人工椎体在提高手术效率、维持术后椎间隙高度、减少术后吞咽不适发生率及假体塌陷率方面具有明显优势。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62275188 and 62505216)the Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund(Grant No.YDZJSX2024D019)+1 种基金the International Scientific and Technological Cooperative Project in Shanxi Province(Grant No.202104041101009)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province of China through Research Project(Grant No.20210302123195).
文摘Transforming a scattering medium into a lens for imaging very simple binary objects is possible;however,it remains challenging to image complex grayscale objects,let alone measure 3D continuous distribution objects.Here,we propose and demonstrate the use of a ground glass diffuser as a scattering lens for imaging complex grayscale fringes,and we employ it to achieve microscopic structured light 3D imaging(MSL3DI).The ubiquitous property of the speckle patterns permits the exploitation of the scattering medium as an ultra-thin scattering lens with a variable focal length and a flexible working distance for microscale object measurement.The method provides a light,flexible,and cost-effective imaging device as an alternative to microscope objectives or telecentric lenses in conventional MSL3DI systems.We experimentally demonstrate that employing a scattering lens allows us to achieve relatively good phase information and robust 3D imaging from depth measurements,yielding measurement accuracy only marginally lower than that of a telecentric lens,typically within approximately 10μm.Furthermore,the scattering lens demonstrates robust performance even when the imaging distance exceeds the typical working distance of a telecentric lens.The proposed method facilitates the application of scattering imaging techniques,providing a more flexible solution for MSL3DI.
基金Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2025R826),Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi ArabiaNorthern Border University,Saudi Arabia,for supporting this work through project number(NBU-CRP-2025-2933).
文摘Brain tumor segmentation from Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)supports neurologists and radiologists in analyzing tumors and developing personalized treatment plans,making it a crucial yet challenging task.Supervised models such as 3D U-Net perform well in this domain,but their accuracy significantly improves with appropriate preprocessing.This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of preprocessing in brain tumor segmentation by applying a pre-segmentation step based on the Generalized Gaussian Mixture Model(GGMM)to T1 contrastenhanced MRI scans from the BraTS 2020 dataset.The Expectation-Maximization(EM)algorithm is employed to estimate parameters for four tissue classes,generating a new pre-segmented channel that enhances the training and performance of the 3DU-Net model.The proposed GGMM+3D U-Net framework achieved a Dice coefficient of 0.88 for whole tumor segmentation,outperforming both the standard multiscale 3D U-Net(0.84)and MMU-Net(0.85).It also delivered higher Intersection over Union(IoU)scores compared to models trained without preprocessing or with simpler GMM-based segmentation.These results,supported by qualitative visualizations,suggest that GGMM-based preprocessing should be integrated into brain tumor segmentation pipelines to optimize performance.
