Colorectal cancer(CRC)with lung oligometastases,particularly in the presence of extrapulmonary disease,poses considerable therapeutic challenges in clinical practice.We have carefully studied the multicenter study by ...Colorectal cancer(CRC)with lung oligometastases,particularly in the presence of extrapulmonary disease,poses considerable therapeutic challenges in clinical practice.We have carefully studied the multicenter study by Hu et al,which evaluated the survival outcomes of patients with metastatic CRC who received image-guided thermal ablation(IGTA).These findings provide valuable clinical evidence supporting IGTA as a feasible,minimally invasive approach and underscore the prognostic significance of metastatic distribution.However,the study by Hu et al has several limitations,including that not all pulmonary lesions were pathologically confirmed,postoperative follow-up mainly relied on dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography,no comparative analysis was performed with other local treatments,and the impact of other imaging features on efficacy and prognosis was not evaluated.Future studies should include complete pathological confirmation,integrate functional imaging and radiomics,and use prospective multicenter collaboration to optimize patient selection standards for IGTA treatment,strengthen its clinical evidence base,and ultimately promote individualized decision-making for patients with metastatic CRC.展开更多
In this editorial,we comment on the article by Li et al.We specifically focus on the novel use of multicolor near-infrared fluorescence imaging(MCFI)with indocyanine green in laparoscopic cholecystectomy,which is an i...In this editorial,we comment on the article by Li et al.We specifically focus on the novel use of multicolor near-infrared fluorescence imaging(MCFI)with indocyanine green in laparoscopic cholecystectomy,which is an innovative approach for enhancing biliary visualization during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.This study also highlighted the limitations of conventional single-color fluorescence imaging(SCFI),which relies solely on a green fluorescence signal,leading to challenges such as visual fatigue and difficulty in distinguishing biliary structures from background hepatic tissue.Given the complex anatomy of the biliary system and the challenges of visual fatigue encountered with SCFI,MCFI addresses these issues by enabling the differentiation of biliary structures by mapping the fluorescence intensity across a unique blue-to-purple color spectrum,thus improving the clarity of anatomical structures and reducing the visual strain for surgeons.We also focus specifically on the complications and cautious usage of indocyanine green in this context,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of MCFI and SCFI.Overall,MCFI represents a significant advancement in fluorescence-guided surgery,with the potential to become a standard imaging modality for safer and more effective laparoscopic procedures.展开更多
BACKGROUND Syngeneic orthotopic tumor models offer an optimal functional tumor–immune interface for hepatocellular carcinoma research.Yet,unpredictable growth kinetics and spontaneous regression pose major obstacles....BACKGROUND Syngeneic orthotopic tumor models offer an optimal functional tumor–immune interface for hepatocellular carcinoma research.Yet,unpredictable growth kinetics and spontaneous regression pose major obstacles.Efficient induction protocols and continuous monitoring are therefore essential.Routine exploratory surgeries are ethically untenable,making non-invasive imaging modalities attractive alternatives.High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and microcomputed tomography deliver detailed insights but incur substantial equipment costs,radiation risks,time demands,and require specialized expertise—challenges that limit their routine use.In contrast,ultrasound(US)imaging emerges as a cost-effective,radiation-free,and rapid approach,facilitating practical and ethical longitudinal assessment of tumor progression in preclinical studies.AIM To optimize the orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma model and evaluate the potential of US imaging for accurate and cost-effective tumor monitoring.METHODS Hepatocellular carcinoma was induced in 28 Sprague Dawley rats by implanting 5×10^(6) N1S1 cells into the left lateral hepatic lobe.Tumor progression was monitored weekly via US.Upon reaching 100-150 mm^(3),an experimental group(n=14)received Sorafenib(40 mg/kg)orally on alternate days for 28 days;efficacy was compared to untreated controls.US accuracy was validated against micro-computed tomography,gross caliper measurements and histopathological analysis.Reliability and operator proficiency in US assessment were also evaluated.RESULTS US images procured 7-day post-surgery revealed a well-defined hypoechoic nodule at the left liver lobe tip,confirming successful tumor induction(mean volume 130±39 mm^(3)).Only three animals exhibited spontaneous regression by week 2,underscoring the model’s stability.Sorafenib treatment elicited a marked tumor reduction(678±103 mm^(3))vs untreated control(6005±1760 mm^(3)).US assessment demonstrated robust intra and interobserver reproducibility with high sensitivity and specificity for tumor detection.Moreover,US derived volumes correlated strongly with gross caliper measurements,histopathological analysis,and microcomputed tomography imaging,validating its reliability as a non-invasive monitoring tool in preclinical hepatocellular carcinoma studies.CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that US imaging is a reliable,cost-effective,and animal sparing approach with an easy tomaster protocol,enabling monitoring of tumor progression and therapeutic response in orthotopic liver tumor models.展开更多
BACKGROUND Arm-implanted totally implantable venous access devices(peripherally inserted central catheter port)have become an important vascular access for colorectal cancer chemotherapy,but traditional anatomical lan...BACKGROUND Arm-implanted totally implantable venous access devices(peripherally inserted central catheter port)have become an important vascular access for colorectal cancer chemotherapy,but traditional anatomical landmark positioning techniques have issues with inaccurate positioning and high complication rates.AIM To evaluate the clinical value of image pre-measurement combined with intracavitary electrocardiogram(IC-ECG)positioning technology in arm port implantation for colorectal cancer patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 216 colorectal cancer patients who received arm port implantation in our hospital from January 2024 to December 2024.Patients were divided into an experimental group(image pre-measurement combined with IC-ECG positioning technology,n=103)and a control group(traditional anatomical landmark positioning technique,n=113).Technical success rate,operation time,catheter tip position accuracy,number of intraoperative catheter adjustments,X-ray exposure time,and postoperative complication rates were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The experimental group demonstrated superior outcomes compared to the control group across all key measures.Technical success rate was higher(98.4%vs 92.7%,P<0.05)with significantly reduced operation time(23.6±5.2 minutes vs 31.5±7.8 minutes,P<0.01).Catheter tip positioning accuracy improved substantially(97.6%vs 85.4%,P=0.002)while X-ray exposure time decreased by 71.8%(5.3±2.1 seconds vs 18.7±4.5 seconds,P<0.001).Threemonth complication rates were markedly lower in the experimental group(4.1%vs 14.6%,P=0.008),including significant reductions in catheter-related thrombosis(0.8%vs 4.9%),displacement(1.6%vs 5.7%),and occlusion(1.6%vs 4.1%).Multivariate analysis identified traditional technique as the strongest risk factor(odds ratio=4.27,P<0.001),while the combined IC-ECG approach was protective(odds ratio=0.34 for displacement,P=0.018).Long-term outcomes favored the experimental group with higher chemotherapy completion rates(97.1%vs 88.5%,P=0.014)and longer catheter dwelling time(189.5±45.3 days vs 162.7±53.8 days,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Image pre-measurement combined with intracavitary electrocardiogram positioning technology in arm port implantation for colorectal cancer patients can significantly improve catheter tip positioning accuracy,reduce operation time and X-ray exposure.展开更多
Robust stereo disparity estimation plays a critical role in minimally invasive surgery,where dynamic soft tissues,specular reflections,and data scarcity pose major challenges to traditional end-to-end deep learning an...Robust stereo disparity estimation plays a critical role in minimally invasive surgery,where dynamic soft tissues,specular reflections,and data scarcity pose major challenges to traditional end-to-end deep learning and deformable model-based methods.In this paper,we propose a novel disparity estimation framework that leverages a pretrained StyleGAN generator to represent the disparity manifold of Minimally Invasive Surgery(MIS)scenes and reformulates the stereo matching task as a latent-space optimization problem.Specifically,given a stereo pair,we search for the optimal latent vector in the intermediate latent space of StyleGAN,such that the photometric reconstruction loss between the stereo images is minimized while regularizing the latent code to remain within the generator’s high-confidence region.Unlike existing encoder-based embedding methods,our approach directly exploits the geometry of the learned latent space and enforces both photometric consistency and manifold prior during inference,without the need for additional training or supervision.Extensive experiments on stereo-endoscopic videos demonstrate that our method achieves high-fidelity and robust disparity estimation across varying lighting,occlusion,and tissue dynamics,outperforming Thin Plate Spline(TPS)-based and linear representation baselines.This work bridges generative modeling and 3D perception by enabling efficient,training-free disparity recovery from pre-trained generative models with reduced inference latency.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT),as a non-invasive treatment,is expected to be widely used in clinical cancer treatment.In this paper,a near-infrared(NIR)light responsive Lu_(2)O_(3):Yb/Er/Li-Ce6@MIL-101/GOx-PDA(LCMGP)nanodi...Photodynamic therapy(PDT),as a non-invasive treatment,is expected to be widely used in clinical cancer treatment.In this paper,a near-infrared(NIR)light responsive Lu_(2)O_(3):Yb/Er/Li-Ce6@MIL-101/GOx-PDA(LCMGP)nanodiagnostic platform was prepared for CT/PA imaging-guided multimodality synergistic therapy.Under 808 nm laser irradiation,Lu_(2)O_(3):Yb/Er/Li-Ce6(LC)NPs in the nano-diagnostic platform are activated and sensitized by NIR light,resulting in the generation of more single-linear oxygen(^(1)O_(2))for efficient PDT.Glucose oxidase(GOx)and MIL-101(Fe)nanozymes can utilize their excellent enzyme cascade catalytic properties and peroxidase-like catalytic properties to undergo glycolysis reactions and catalyze the decomposition of endogenous hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),producing a large amount of hydroxyl radicals(·OH),achieving efficient chemodynamic therapy(CDT).The functionalized modification of polydopamine(PDA)endows the LCMGP nanoparticles with higher photothermal conversion efficiency,which can prompt high local temperature at the tumor site under the irradiation of NIR light to achieve efficient photothermal therapy(PTT).In addition,hyperthermia accelerates the catalytic efficiency of the nanozymatic cascade of LCMGP nanoparticles to enhance ROS production while increasing cellular uptake,resulting in PTT-induced PDT/CDT synergistic effect(96%).Based on the excellent photothermal conversion effect of PDA and the high X-ray atte nuation effect of Lu/Fe,the LCMGP nanotherapeutic system demonstrates good CT/PA imaging function,providing new insights and ideas for imaging-mediated multimodal synergistic therapy.展开更多
Infrared and visible image fusion technology integrates the thermal radiation information of infrared images with the texture details of visible images to generate more informative fused images.However,existing method...Infrared and visible image fusion technology integrates the thermal radiation information of infrared images with the texture details of visible images to generate more informative fused images.However,existing methods often fail to distinguish salient objects from background regions,leading to detail suppression in salient regions due to global fusion strategies.This study presents a mask-guided latent low-rank representation fusion method to address this issue.First,the GrabCut algorithm is employed to extract a saliency mask,distinguishing salient regions from background regions.Then,latent low-rank representation(LatLRR)is applied to extract deep image features,enhancing key information extraction.In the fusion stage,a weighted fusion strategy strengthens infrared thermal information and visible texture details in salient regions,while an average fusion strategy improves background smoothness and stability.Experimental results on the TNO dataset demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance in SPI,MI,Qabf,PSNR,and EN metrics,effectively preserving salient target details while maintaining balanced background information.Compared to state-of-the-art fusion methods,our approach achieves more stable and visually consistent fusion results.The fusion code is available on GitHub at:https://github.com/joyzhen1/Image(accessed on 15 January 2025).展开更多
BACKGROUND: Local cryoablation guided by CT or ultrasound has been widely applied in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, it is still difficult to apply this technique in certain regions such as the dia...BACKGROUND: Local cryoablation guided by CT or ultrasound has been widely applied in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, it is still difficult to apply this technique in certain regions such as the diaphragm dome, the first hepatic hilum, and regions adjacent to the gallbladder. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided percutaneous cryoablation as well as the effect of using an open MRI system in guiding and monitoring the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in these regions. METHODS: Cryoablation, guided by an open 0.35T MRI scanner and with the assistance of an MRI-compatible optical navigation system, was performed on 32 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at the diaphragm dome, the first hepatic hilum, and regions adjacent to the gallbladder. Each patient had one or two tumors. The total number of tumors treated was 36. The tumor diameters ranged from 2.5 to 10.0 cm (mean 4.7+/-1.8 cm). The cryosurgical system was MRI-compatible and equipped with cryoprobes 1.47 mm in outside diameter. Under the guidance of MRI in combination with the optical navigation system, the cryoprobes were introduced percutaneously into a tumor at the planned targeting points while critical organs or tissues were avoided. Each cryoablation procedure included two freezing-thawing cycles, and MRI images were acquired dynamically to monitor the ablation of the tumor from time to time during the operation. In order to investigate the therapeutic effects of a cryoablation procedure, AFP measurements and liver-enhanced MRI or CT-enhanced scans were performed at regular times. RESULTS: MRI and optical navigation system-guided cryoablation procedures were successfully performed on all 32 patients (36 tumor sites) and no serious complications occurred. The follow-up period ranged from 5 to 12 months. The 6- and 12-month overall survival rates were 96.8% and 90.6%, respectively. According to the diagnosis of liver-enhanced MRI scans, 10 patients (31.3%) had complete ablation, 18 (56.3%) partial ablation (>80%), 3 (9.4%) stable disease (>50% ablation), and 1 (3.1%) progressive disease (a new tumor site in the liver). The overall efficacy was 87.5%. CONCLUSIONS: MR-guided percutaneous cryoablation using optical navigation is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma at certain special regions, which is difficult to treat with other imaging guidance approaches. With its unique and superb imaging functions, MRI plays an important role in the display, guidance, and monitoring of the cryoablation procedure in treating hepatocellular carcinoma at these special regions. Equipped with an MRI-compatible optical navigation system, MRI-guided therapy makes the cryoablation procedure more precise and safe.展开更多
Key advances in multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles （MNPs） for magnetic resonance （MR） image-guided pho- tothermal therapy of cancer are reviewed. We briefly outline the design and fabrication of such multifunc...Key advances in multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles （MNPs） for magnetic resonance （MR） image-guided pho- tothermal therapy of cancer are reviewed. We briefly outline the design and fabrication of such multifunctional MNPs. Bimodal image-guided photothermal therapies （MR/fluorescence and MR/ultrasound） are also discussed.展开更多
The utilization of diagnosis to guide/aid therapy procedures has shown great prospects in the era of personalized medicine along with the recognition of tumor heterogeneity and complexity.Herein,a kind of multifunctio...The utilization of diagnosis to guide/aid therapy procedures has shown great prospects in the era of personalized medicine along with the recognition of tumor heterogeneity and complexity.Herein,a kind of multifunctional silicon-based nanostructure,i.e.,gold nanoparticles-decorated fluorescent silicon nanorods(Au@SiNRs),is fabricated and exploited for tumor-targeted multimodal imaging-guided photothermal therapy.In particular,the prepared Au@SiNRs feature high photothermal conversion efficiency(~43.9%)and strong photothermal stability(photothermal performance stays constant after five-cycle NIR laser irradiation),making them high-performance agents for simultaneously photoacoustic and infrared thermal imaging.The Au@SiNRs are readily modified with targeting peptide ligands,enabling an enhanced tumor accumulation with a high value of^8.74%ID g?1.Taking advantages of these unique merits,the Au@SiNRs are superbly suitable for specifically ablating tumors in vivo without appreciable toxicity under the guidance of multimodal imaging.Typically,all the mice treated with the Au@SiNRs remain alive,and no distinct tumor recurrence is observed during 60-day investigation.展开更多
Portal hypertension is a common clinical syndrome, defined by a pathologic increase in the portal venous pressure. Increased resistance to portal blood flow, the primary factor in the pathophysiology of portal hyperte...Portal hypertension is a common clinical syndrome, defined by a pathologic increase in the portal venous pressure. Increased resistance to portal blood flow, the primary factor in the pathophysiology of portal hypertension, is in part due to morphological changes occurring in chronic liver diseases. This results in rerouting of blood flow away from the liver through collateral pathways to low-pressure systemic veins. Through a variety of computed tomographic, sonographic, magnetic resonance imaging and angiographic examples, this article discusses the appearances and prevalence of both common and less common portosystemic collateral channels in the thorax and abdomen. A brief overview of established interventional radiologic techniques for treatment of portal hypertension will also be provided. Awareness of the various imaging manifestations of portal hypertension can be helpful for assessing overall prognosis and planning proper management.展开更多
In the past few years,there have been multiple advances in magnetic resonance (MR) instrumentation,in vivo devices,real-time imaging sequences and interventional procedures with new therapies.More recently,interventio...In the past few years,there have been multiple advances in magnetic resonance (MR) instrumentation,in vivo devices,real-time imaging sequences and interventional procedures with new therapies.More recently,interventionists have started to use minimally invasive image-guided procedures and local therapies,which reduce the pain from conventional surgery and increase drug effectiveness,respectively.Local therapy also reduces the systemic dose and eliminates the toxic side effects of some drugs to other organs.The success of MR-guided procedures depends on visualization of the targets in 3D and precise deployment of ablation catheters,local therapies and devices.MR contrast media provide a wealth of tissue contrast and allows 3D and 4D image acquisitions.After the development of fast imaging sequences,the clinical applications of MR contrast media have been substantially expanded to include pre-during-and post-interventions.Prior to intervention,MR contrast media have the potential to localize and delineate pathologic tissues of vital organs,such as the brain,heart,breast,kidney,prostate,liver and uterus.They also offer other options such as labeling therapeutic agents or cells.During intervention,these agents have the capability to map blood vessels and enhance the contrast between the endovascular guidewire/catheters/devices,blood and tissues as well as direct therapies to the target.Furthermore,labeling therapeutic agents or cells aids in visualizing their delivery sites and tracking their tissue distribution.After intervention,MR contrast media have been used for assessing the efficacy of ablation and therapies.It should be noted that most image-guided procedures are under preclinical research and development.It can be concluded that MR contrast media have great value in preclinical and some clinical interventional procedures.Future applications of MR contrast media in image-guided procedures depend on their safety,tolerability,tissue specificity and effectiveness in demonstrating success of the interventions and therapies.展开更多
Dual-functional aggregation-induced photosensitizers(AIE-PSs)with singlet oxygen generation(SOG)ability and bright fluorescence in aggregated state have received much attention in image-guided photodynamic therapy(PDT...Dual-functional aggregation-induced photosensitizers(AIE-PSs)with singlet oxygen generation(SOG)ability and bright fluorescence in aggregated state have received much attention in image-guided photodynamic therapy(PDT).However,designing an AIE-PS with both high SOG and intense fluorescence via molecular design is still challenging.In this work,we report a new nanohybrid consisting of gold nanostar(AuNS)and AIE-PS dots with enhanced fluorescence and photosensitization for theranostic applications.The spectral overlap between the extinction of AuNS and fluorescence emission of AIE-PS dots(665 nm)is carefully selected using five different AuNSs with distinct localized surface plasmon(LSPR)peaks.Results show that all the AuNS s can enhance the 1 O2 production of AIE-PS dots,among which the AuNS with LSPR peak at 585 nm exhibited the highest 1 O2 enhancement factor of15-fold with increased fluorescence brightness.To the best of our knowledge,this is the highest enhancement factor reported for the metalenhanced singlet oxygen generation systems.The Au585@AIE-PS nanodots were applied for simultaneous fluorescence imaging and photodynamic ablation of HeLa cancer cells with strongly enhanced PDT efficiency in vitro.This study provides a better understanding of the metal-enhanced AIE-PS nanohybrid systems,opening up new avenue towards advanced image-guided PDT with greatly improved efficacy.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate accuracy of axis alignment and refractive results of toric phakic intraocular lens(IOL) implantation using a digital imaging system. METHODS: This retrospective study investigated toric implantable co...AIM: To evaluate accuracy of axis alignment and refractive results of toric phakic intraocular lens(IOL) implantation using a digital imaging system. METHODS: This retrospective study investigated toric implantable collamer lens(ICL) implantation in 30 eyes of 21 patients with myopic astigmatism more than 2.0 D guided with digital imaging system. Data were collected during the first week after phakic IOL implantation.RESULTS: Thirty eyes of 21 patients were included in our study. Patients includes 9 males and 12 females. The mean age of the patients was 26.5±7.1(range 21-44)y. The mean preoperative manifest astigmatism was 3.2±1.7(range from 2.25 to 4.75) D. The mean postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCDVA) were 0.07±0.07(range from 0.1 to 0.0) log MAR. The mean postoperative residual refractive cylinder was 0.25±0.29(range 0-0.75) D. Eyes with postoperative residual refractive cylinder of 0.5 D or less represented 80%(24 eyes). The mean postoperative toric IOL misalignment measured by the OPD scan III was 1.9°±1.45°(range from 0 to 5°). CONCLUSION: Image guided system allows accurate alignment of toric ICL. This is associated with good postoperative visual acuity and low residual refractive astigmatism which correlates with the precision of toric phakic IOL alignment.展开更多
Deep learning has been widely used in the field of mammographic image classification owing to its superiority in automatic feature extraction.However,general deep learning models cannot achieve very satisfactory class...Deep learning has been widely used in the field of mammographic image classification owing to its superiority in automatic feature extraction.However,general deep learning models cannot achieve very satisfactory classification results on mammographic images because these models are not specifically designed for mammographic images and do not take the specific traits of these images into account.To exploit the essential discriminant information of mammographic images,we propose a novel classification method based on a convolutional neural network.Specifically,the proposed method designs two branches to extract the discriminative features from mammographic images from the mediolateral oblique and craniocaudal(CC)mammographic views.The features extracted from the two-view mammographic images contain complementary information that enables breast cancer to be more easily distinguished.Moreover,the attention block is introduced to capture the channel-wise information by adjusting the weight of each feature map,which is beneficial to emphasising the important features of mammographic images.Furthermore,we add a penalty term based on the fuzzy cluster algorithm to the cross-entropy function,which improves the generalisation ability of the classification model by maximising the interclass distance and minimising the intraclass distance of the samples.The experimental results on The Digital database for Screening Mammography INbreast and MIAS mammography databases illustrate that the proposed method achieves the best classification performance and is more robust than the compared state-ofthe-art classification methods.展开更多
In interpretation of remote sensing images, it is possible that some images which are supplied by different sensors become incomprehensible. For better visual perception of these images, it is essential to operate ser...In interpretation of remote sensing images, it is possible that some images which are supplied by different sensors become incomprehensible. For better visual perception of these images, it is essential to operate series of pre-processing and elementary corrections and then operate a series of main processing steps for more precise analysis on the images. There are several approaches for processing which are depended on the type of remote sensing images. The discussed approach in this article, i.e. image fusion, is the use of natural colors of an optical image for adding color to a grayscale satellite image which gives us the ability for better observation of the HR image of OLI sensor of Landsat-8. This process with emphasis on details of fusion technique has previously been performed;however, we are going to apply the concept of the interpolation process. In fact, we see many important software tools such as ENVI and ERDAS as the most famous remote sensing image processing tools have only classical interpolation techniques (such as bi-linear (BL) and bi-cubic/cubic convolution (CC)). Therefore, ENVI- and ERDAS-based researches in image fusion area and even other fusion researches often don’t use new and better interpolators and are mainly concentrated on the fusion algorithm’s details for achieving a better quality, so we only focus on the interpolation impact on fusion quality in Landsat-8 multispectral images. The important feature of this approach is to use a statistical, adaptive, and edge-guided interpolation method for improving the color quality in the images in practice. Numerical simulations show selecting the suitable interpolation techniques in MRF-based images creates better quality than the classical interpolators.展开更多
Spinal cord injury（SCI） affects thousands of people every year in the USA, and most patients are left with some permanent paralysis. Therapeutic options are limited and only modestly affect outcome. To address this ...Spinal cord injury（SCI） affects thousands of people every year in the USA, and most patients are left with some permanent paralysis. Therapeutic options are limited and only modestly affect outcome. To address this issue, we used magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound（MRg FUS） as a non-invasive approach to increase permeability in the blood-spinal cord barrier（BSCB）. We hypothesize that localized, controlled sonoporation of the BSCB by MRg FUS will aid delivery of therapeutics to the injury. Here, we report our preliminary findings for the ability of MRg FUS to increase BSCB permeability in the thoracic spinal cord of a normal rat model. First, an excised portion of normal rat spinal column was used to characterize the acoustic field and to estimate the insertion losses that could be expected in an MRg FUS blood spinal cord barrier opening. Then, in normal rats, MRg FUS was applied in combination with intravenously administered microbubbles to the spinal cord region. Permeability of the BSCB was indicated as signal enhancement by contrast administered prior to T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and verified by Evans blue dye. Neurological testing using the Basso, Beattie, and Breshnahan scale and the ladder walk was normal in 8 of 10 rats tested. Two rats showed minor impairment indicating need for further refinement of parameters. No gross tissue damage was evident by histology. In this study, we have opened successfully the blood spinal cord barrier in the thoracic region of the normal rat spine using magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound combined with microbubbles.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the most common gastrointestinal tract cancer worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality.The development of nanosized drug delivery systems has provided a new direction in C...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the most common gastrointestinal tract cancer worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality.The development of nanosized drug delivery systems has provided a new direction in CRC treatment.Among these systems,magnetic nanoparticle(MNP)-based multifunctional platforms provide a novel strategy for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-related cancer theranostics.At the beginning o f this original review,the carcinogenesis and treatment status o f CRC are summarized.Then,diversified preparation and functionalization methods of MNPs are systematically analyzed,followed by MRIinvolved theranostic strategies.The latest progress in MRI-mediated multimode diagnosis and image-guided targeted therapy in CRC management is the main focus.Finally,the major challenges in promoting MRI-induced precise theranostics of CRC in clinical practice are discussed.展开更多
Photoacoustic imaging(PAI)is often performed simultaneously with ultrasound imaging and can provide functional and cellular information regarding the tissues in the anatomical markers of the imaging.This paper describ...Photoacoustic imaging(PAI)is often performed simultaneously with ultrasound imaging and can provide functional and cellular information regarding the tissues in the anatomical markers of the imaging.This paper describes in detail the basic principles of photoacoustic/ultrasound(PA/US)imaging and its application in recent years.It includes near-infrared-region PA,photothermal,photodynamic,and multimode imaging techniques.Particular attention is given to the relationship between PAI and ultrasonic imaging;the latest high-frequency PA/US imaging of small animals,which involves not only B-mode,but also color Doppler mode,power Doppler mode,and nonlinear imaging mode;the ultrasonic model combined with PAI,including the formation of multimodal imaging;the preclinical imaging methods;and the most effective detection methods for clinical research for the future.展开更多
Phototheranostic with highly integrated functions is an attractive platform for cancer management. It remains challenging to develop a facile phototheranostic platform with complementary bimodal imaging and combinatio...Phototheranostic with highly integrated functions is an attractive platform for cancer management. It remains challenging to develop a facile phototheranostic platform with complementary bimodal imaging and combinational therapy capacity. Herein, the small-molecule cyanine IR780 loaded liposomes have been harnessed as a nanoplatform to simultaneously realize photoacoustic(PA)/the second near-infrared window(NIR-Ⅱ) fluorescence imaging and image-guided surgery/adjuvant photothermal therapy(PTT).This nanoplatform exhibits attractive properties like uniform controllable size, stable dispersibility, NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence emission, photothermal conversion, and biocompatibility. Benefiting from the complementary PA/NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence bimodal imaging, this nanoplatform was successfully applied in precise vasculature delineation and tumor diagnosis. Interestingly, the tumor was clearly detected by NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging with the highest tumor-to-normal-tissue ratio up to 12.69, while signal interference from the liver was significantly reduced, due to the difference in the elimination rate of the nanoplatform in the liver and tumor. Under the precise guidance of the image, the tumor was accurately resected, and the simulated residual lesion after surgery was completely ablated by adjuvant PTT. This combined therapy showed improved antitumor efcacy over the individual surgery or PTT. This work develops a facile phototheranostic nanoplatform with great significance in accurately diagnosing and effectively treating tumors using simple NIR light irradiation.展开更多
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)with lung oligometastases,particularly in the presence of extrapulmonary disease,poses considerable therapeutic challenges in clinical practice.We have carefully studied the multicenter study by Hu et al,which evaluated the survival outcomes of patients with metastatic CRC who received image-guided thermal ablation(IGTA).These findings provide valuable clinical evidence supporting IGTA as a feasible,minimally invasive approach and underscore the prognostic significance of metastatic distribution.However,the study by Hu et al has several limitations,including that not all pulmonary lesions were pathologically confirmed,postoperative follow-up mainly relied on dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography,no comparative analysis was performed with other local treatments,and the impact of other imaging features on efficacy and prognosis was not evaluated.Future studies should include complete pathological confirmation,integrate functional imaging and radiomics,and use prospective multicenter collaboration to optimize patient selection standards for IGTA treatment,strengthen its clinical evidence base,and ultimately promote individualized decision-making for patients with metastatic CRC.
文摘In this editorial,we comment on the article by Li et al.We specifically focus on the novel use of multicolor near-infrared fluorescence imaging(MCFI)with indocyanine green in laparoscopic cholecystectomy,which is an innovative approach for enhancing biliary visualization during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.This study also highlighted the limitations of conventional single-color fluorescence imaging(SCFI),which relies solely on a green fluorescence signal,leading to challenges such as visual fatigue and difficulty in distinguishing biliary structures from background hepatic tissue.Given the complex anatomy of the biliary system and the challenges of visual fatigue encountered with SCFI,MCFI addresses these issues by enabling the differentiation of biliary structures by mapping the fluorescence intensity across a unique blue-to-purple color spectrum,thus improving the clarity of anatomical structures and reducing the visual strain for surgeons.We also focus specifically on the complications and cautious usage of indocyanine green in this context,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of MCFI and SCFI.Overall,MCFI represents a significant advancement in fluorescence-guided surgery,with the potential to become a standard imaging modality for safer and more effective laparoscopic procedures.
基金Supported by Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Seed Grant,No.K-PHAR-24-722DST INSPIRE Fellowship,No.IF190226.
文摘BACKGROUND Syngeneic orthotopic tumor models offer an optimal functional tumor–immune interface for hepatocellular carcinoma research.Yet,unpredictable growth kinetics and spontaneous regression pose major obstacles.Efficient induction protocols and continuous monitoring are therefore essential.Routine exploratory surgeries are ethically untenable,making non-invasive imaging modalities attractive alternatives.High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and microcomputed tomography deliver detailed insights but incur substantial equipment costs,radiation risks,time demands,and require specialized expertise—challenges that limit their routine use.In contrast,ultrasound(US)imaging emerges as a cost-effective,radiation-free,and rapid approach,facilitating practical and ethical longitudinal assessment of tumor progression in preclinical studies.AIM To optimize the orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma model and evaluate the potential of US imaging for accurate and cost-effective tumor monitoring.METHODS Hepatocellular carcinoma was induced in 28 Sprague Dawley rats by implanting 5×10^(6) N1S1 cells into the left lateral hepatic lobe.Tumor progression was monitored weekly via US.Upon reaching 100-150 mm^(3),an experimental group(n=14)received Sorafenib(40 mg/kg)orally on alternate days for 28 days;efficacy was compared to untreated controls.US accuracy was validated against micro-computed tomography,gross caliper measurements and histopathological analysis.Reliability and operator proficiency in US assessment were also evaluated.RESULTS US images procured 7-day post-surgery revealed a well-defined hypoechoic nodule at the left liver lobe tip,confirming successful tumor induction(mean volume 130±39 mm^(3)).Only three animals exhibited spontaneous regression by week 2,underscoring the model’s stability.Sorafenib treatment elicited a marked tumor reduction(678±103 mm^(3))vs untreated control(6005±1760 mm^(3)).US assessment demonstrated robust intra and interobserver reproducibility with high sensitivity and specificity for tumor detection.Moreover,US derived volumes correlated strongly with gross caliper measurements,histopathological analysis,and microcomputed tomography imaging,validating its reliability as a non-invasive monitoring tool in preclinical hepatocellular carcinoma studies.CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that US imaging is a reliable,cost-effective,and animal sparing approach with an easy tomaster protocol,enabling monitoring of tumor progression and therapeutic response in orthotopic liver tumor models.
基金Supported by the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,No.2024ZH04Xuzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau,No.KC23282.
文摘BACKGROUND Arm-implanted totally implantable venous access devices(peripherally inserted central catheter port)have become an important vascular access for colorectal cancer chemotherapy,but traditional anatomical landmark positioning techniques have issues with inaccurate positioning and high complication rates.AIM To evaluate the clinical value of image pre-measurement combined with intracavitary electrocardiogram(IC-ECG)positioning technology in arm port implantation for colorectal cancer patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 216 colorectal cancer patients who received arm port implantation in our hospital from January 2024 to December 2024.Patients were divided into an experimental group(image pre-measurement combined with IC-ECG positioning technology,n=103)and a control group(traditional anatomical landmark positioning technique,n=113).Technical success rate,operation time,catheter tip position accuracy,number of intraoperative catheter adjustments,X-ray exposure time,and postoperative complication rates were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The experimental group demonstrated superior outcomes compared to the control group across all key measures.Technical success rate was higher(98.4%vs 92.7%,P<0.05)with significantly reduced operation time(23.6±5.2 minutes vs 31.5±7.8 minutes,P<0.01).Catheter tip positioning accuracy improved substantially(97.6%vs 85.4%,P=0.002)while X-ray exposure time decreased by 71.8%(5.3±2.1 seconds vs 18.7±4.5 seconds,P<0.001).Threemonth complication rates were markedly lower in the experimental group(4.1%vs 14.6%,P=0.008),including significant reductions in catheter-related thrombosis(0.8%vs 4.9%),displacement(1.6%vs 5.7%),and occlusion(1.6%vs 4.1%).Multivariate analysis identified traditional technique as the strongest risk factor(odds ratio=4.27,P<0.001),while the combined IC-ECG approach was protective(odds ratio=0.34 for displacement,P=0.018).Long-term outcomes favored the experimental group with higher chemotherapy completion rates(97.1%vs 88.5%,P=0.014)and longer catheter dwelling time(189.5±45.3 days vs 162.7±53.8 days,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Image pre-measurement combined with intracavitary electrocardiogram positioning technology in arm port implantation for colorectal cancer patients can significantly improve catheter tip positioning accuracy,reduce operation time and X-ray exposure.
基金Support by Sichuan Science and Technology Program[2023YFSY0026,2023YFH0004]Guangzhou Huashang University[2024HSZD01].
文摘Robust stereo disparity estimation plays a critical role in minimally invasive surgery,where dynamic soft tissues,specular reflections,and data scarcity pose major challenges to traditional end-to-end deep learning and deformable model-based methods.In this paper,we propose a novel disparity estimation framework that leverages a pretrained StyleGAN generator to represent the disparity manifold of Minimally Invasive Surgery(MIS)scenes and reformulates the stereo matching task as a latent-space optimization problem.Specifically,given a stereo pair,we search for the optimal latent vector in the intermediate latent space of StyleGAN,such that the photometric reconstruction loss between the stereo images is minimized while regularizing the latent code to remain within the generator’s high-confidence region.Unlike existing encoder-based embedding methods,our approach directly exploits the geometry of the learned latent space and enforces both photometric consistency and manifold prior during inference,without the need for additional training or supervision.Extensive experiments on stereo-endoscopic videos demonstrate that our method achieves high-fidelity and robust disparity estimation across varying lighting,occlusion,and tissue dynamics,outperforming Thin Plate Spline(TPS)-based and linear representation baselines.This work bridges generative modeling and 3D perception by enabling efficient,training-free disparity recovery from pre-trained generative models with reduced inference latency.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020ME045,ZR2020ME046)the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(tsqn201812130)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272833)"New Universities 20"Foundation of Jinan(2021GXRC099,T202204)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711438)。
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT),as a non-invasive treatment,is expected to be widely used in clinical cancer treatment.In this paper,a near-infrared(NIR)light responsive Lu_(2)O_(3):Yb/Er/Li-Ce6@MIL-101/GOx-PDA(LCMGP)nanodiagnostic platform was prepared for CT/PA imaging-guided multimodality synergistic therapy.Under 808 nm laser irradiation,Lu_(2)O_(3):Yb/Er/Li-Ce6(LC)NPs in the nano-diagnostic platform are activated and sensitized by NIR light,resulting in the generation of more single-linear oxygen(^(1)O_(2))for efficient PDT.Glucose oxidase(GOx)and MIL-101(Fe)nanozymes can utilize their excellent enzyme cascade catalytic properties and peroxidase-like catalytic properties to undergo glycolysis reactions and catalyze the decomposition of endogenous hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),producing a large amount of hydroxyl radicals(·OH),achieving efficient chemodynamic therapy(CDT).The functionalized modification of polydopamine(PDA)endows the LCMGP nanoparticles with higher photothermal conversion efficiency,which can prompt high local temperature at the tumor site under the irradiation of NIR light to achieve efficient photothermal therapy(PTT).In addition,hyperthermia accelerates the catalytic efficiency of the nanozymatic cascade of LCMGP nanoparticles to enhance ROS production while increasing cellular uptake,resulting in PTT-induced PDT/CDT synergistic effect(96%).Based on the excellent photothermal conversion effect of PDA and the high X-ray atte nuation effect of Lu/Fe,the LCMGP nanotherapeutic system demonstrates good CT/PA imaging function,providing new insights and ideas for imaging-mediated multimodal synergistic therapy.
基金supported by Universiti Teknologi MARA through UiTM MyRA Research Grant,600-RMC 5/3/GPM(053/2022).
文摘Infrared and visible image fusion technology integrates the thermal radiation information of infrared images with the texture details of visible images to generate more informative fused images.However,existing methods often fail to distinguish salient objects from background regions,leading to detail suppression in salient regions due to global fusion strategies.This study presents a mask-guided latent low-rank representation fusion method to address this issue.First,the GrabCut algorithm is employed to extract a saliency mask,distinguishing salient regions from background regions.Then,latent low-rank representation(LatLRR)is applied to extract deep image features,enhancing key information extraction.In the fusion stage,a weighted fusion strategy strengthens infrared thermal information and visible texture details in salient regions,while an average fusion strategy improves background smoothness and stability.Experimental results on the TNO dataset demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance in SPI,MI,Qabf,PSNR,and EN metrics,effectively preserving salient target details while maintaining balanced background information.Compared to state-of-the-art fusion methods,our approach achieves more stable and visually consistent fusion results.The fusion code is available on GitHub at:https://github.com/joyzhen1/Image(accessed on 15 January 2025).
文摘BACKGROUND: Local cryoablation guided by CT or ultrasound has been widely applied in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, it is still difficult to apply this technique in certain regions such as the diaphragm dome, the first hepatic hilum, and regions adjacent to the gallbladder. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided percutaneous cryoablation as well as the effect of using an open MRI system in guiding and monitoring the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in these regions. METHODS: Cryoablation, guided by an open 0.35T MRI scanner and with the assistance of an MRI-compatible optical navigation system, was performed on 32 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at the diaphragm dome, the first hepatic hilum, and regions adjacent to the gallbladder. Each patient had one or two tumors. The total number of tumors treated was 36. The tumor diameters ranged from 2.5 to 10.0 cm (mean 4.7+/-1.8 cm). The cryosurgical system was MRI-compatible and equipped with cryoprobes 1.47 mm in outside diameter. Under the guidance of MRI in combination with the optical navigation system, the cryoprobes were introduced percutaneously into a tumor at the planned targeting points while critical organs or tissues were avoided. Each cryoablation procedure included two freezing-thawing cycles, and MRI images were acquired dynamically to monitor the ablation of the tumor from time to time during the operation. In order to investigate the therapeutic effects of a cryoablation procedure, AFP measurements and liver-enhanced MRI or CT-enhanced scans were performed at regular times. RESULTS: MRI and optical navigation system-guided cryoablation procedures were successfully performed on all 32 patients (36 tumor sites) and no serious complications occurred. The follow-up period ranged from 5 to 12 months. The 6- and 12-month overall survival rates were 96.8% and 90.6%, respectively. According to the diagnosis of liver-enhanced MRI scans, 10 patients (31.3%) had complete ablation, 18 (56.3%) partial ablation (>80%), 3 (9.4%) stable disease (>50% ablation), and 1 (3.1%) progressive disease (a new tumor site in the liver). The overall efficacy was 87.5%. CONCLUSIONS: MR-guided percutaneous cryoablation using optical navigation is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma at certain special regions, which is difficult to treat with other imaging guidance approaches. With its unique and superb imaging functions, MRI plays an important role in the display, guidance, and monitoring of the cryoablation procedure in treating hepatocellular carcinoma at these special regions. Equipped with an MRI-compatible optical navigation system, MRI-guided therapy makes the cryoablation procedure more precise and safe.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81371580 and 21273014)the State Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81230036)the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.81225011)
文摘Key advances in multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles （MNPs） for magnetic resonance （MR） image-guided pho- tothermal therapy of cancer are reviewed. We briefly outline the design and fabrication of such multifunctional MNPs. Bimodal image-guided photothermal therapies （MR/fluorescence and MR/ultrasound） are also discussed.
基金financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2013CB934400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21825402,31400860,21575096,and 21605109)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20170061)Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology,and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices.
文摘The utilization of diagnosis to guide/aid therapy procedures has shown great prospects in the era of personalized medicine along with the recognition of tumor heterogeneity and complexity.Herein,a kind of multifunctional silicon-based nanostructure,i.e.,gold nanoparticles-decorated fluorescent silicon nanorods(Au@SiNRs),is fabricated and exploited for tumor-targeted multimodal imaging-guided photothermal therapy.In particular,the prepared Au@SiNRs feature high photothermal conversion efficiency(~43.9%)and strong photothermal stability(photothermal performance stays constant after five-cycle NIR laser irradiation),making them high-performance agents for simultaneously photoacoustic and infrared thermal imaging.The Au@SiNRs are readily modified with targeting peptide ligands,enabling an enhanced tumor accumulation with a high value of^8.74%ID g?1.Taking advantages of these unique merits,the Au@SiNRs are superbly suitable for specifically ablating tumors in vivo without appreciable toxicity under the guidance of multimodal imaging.Typically,all the mice treated with the Au@SiNRs remain alive,and no distinct tumor recurrence is observed during 60-day investigation.
文摘Portal hypertension is a common clinical syndrome, defined by a pathologic increase in the portal venous pressure. Increased resistance to portal blood flow, the primary factor in the pathophysiology of portal hypertension, is in part due to morphological changes occurring in chronic liver diseases. This results in rerouting of blood flow away from the liver through collateral pathways to low-pressure systemic veins. Through a variety of computed tomographic, sonographic, magnetic resonance imaging and angiographic examples, this article discusses the appearances and prevalence of both common and less common portosystemic collateral channels in the thorax and abdomen. A brief overview of established interventional radiologic techniques for treatment of portal hypertension will also be provided. Awareness of the various imaging manifestations of portal hypertension can be helpful for assessing overall prognosis and planning proper management.
文摘In the past few years,there have been multiple advances in magnetic resonance (MR) instrumentation,in vivo devices,real-time imaging sequences and interventional procedures with new therapies.More recently,interventionists have started to use minimally invasive image-guided procedures and local therapies,which reduce the pain from conventional surgery and increase drug effectiveness,respectively.Local therapy also reduces the systemic dose and eliminates the toxic side effects of some drugs to other organs.The success of MR-guided procedures depends on visualization of the targets in 3D and precise deployment of ablation catheters,local therapies and devices.MR contrast media provide a wealth of tissue contrast and allows 3D and 4D image acquisitions.After the development of fast imaging sequences,the clinical applications of MR contrast media have been substantially expanded to include pre-during-and post-interventions.Prior to intervention,MR contrast media have the potential to localize and delineate pathologic tissues of vital organs,such as the brain,heart,breast,kidney,prostate,liver and uterus.They also offer other options such as labeling therapeutic agents or cells.During intervention,these agents have the capability to map blood vessels and enhance the contrast between the endovascular guidewire/catheters/devices,blood and tissues as well as direct therapies to the target.Furthermore,labeling therapeutic agents or cells aids in visualizing their delivery sites and tracking their tissue distribution.After intervention,MR contrast media have been used for assessing the efficacy of ablation and therapies.It should be noted that most image-guided procedures are under preclinical research and development.It can be concluded that MR contrast media have great value in preclinical and some clinical interventional procedures.Future applications of MR contrast media in image-guided procedures depend on their safety,tolerability,tissue specificity and effectiveness in demonstrating success of the interventions and therapies.
基金supported by the Institute of Materials Research and Engineering under Biomimetic and Biomedical Materials program(IMRE/00-1P1400)Newcastle University(RSA/CCEAMD5010)+1 种基金National University of Singapore(R279-000-482-133)The funding from NRF Investigatorship(R279-000-444-281)is also appreciated。
文摘Dual-functional aggregation-induced photosensitizers(AIE-PSs)with singlet oxygen generation(SOG)ability and bright fluorescence in aggregated state have received much attention in image-guided photodynamic therapy(PDT).However,designing an AIE-PS with both high SOG and intense fluorescence via molecular design is still challenging.In this work,we report a new nanohybrid consisting of gold nanostar(AuNS)and AIE-PS dots with enhanced fluorescence and photosensitization for theranostic applications.The spectral overlap between the extinction of AuNS and fluorescence emission of AIE-PS dots(665 nm)is carefully selected using five different AuNSs with distinct localized surface plasmon(LSPR)peaks.Results show that all the AuNS s can enhance the 1 O2 production of AIE-PS dots,among which the AuNS with LSPR peak at 585 nm exhibited the highest 1 O2 enhancement factor of15-fold with increased fluorescence brightness.To the best of our knowledge,this is the highest enhancement factor reported for the metalenhanced singlet oxygen generation systems.The Au585@AIE-PS nanodots were applied for simultaneous fluorescence imaging and photodynamic ablation of HeLa cancer cells with strongly enhanced PDT efficiency in vitro.This study provides a better understanding of the metal-enhanced AIE-PS nanohybrid systems,opening up new avenue towards advanced image-guided PDT with greatly improved efficacy.
文摘AIM: To evaluate accuracy of axis alignment and refractive results of toric phakic intraocular lens(IOL) implantation using a digital imaging system. METHODS: This retrospective study investigated toric implantable collamer lens(ICL) implantation in 30 eyes of 21 patients with myopic astigmatism more than 2.0 D guided with digital imaging system. Data were collected during the first week after phakic IOL implantation.RESULTS: Thirty eyes of 21 patients were included in our study. Patients includes 9 males and 12 females. The mean age of the patients was 26.5±7.1(range 21-44)y. The mean preoperative manifest astigmatism was 3.2±1.7(range from 2.25 to 4.75) D. The mean postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCDVA) were 0.07±0.07(range from 0.1 to 0.0) log MAR. The mean postoperative residual refractive cylinder was 0.25±0.29(range 0-0.75) D. Eyes with postoperative residual refractive cylinder of 0.5 D or less represented 80%(24 eyes). The mean postoperative toric IOL misalignment measured by the OPD scan III was 1.9°±1.45°(range from 0 to 5°). CONCLUSION: Image guided system allows accurate alignment of toric ICL. This is associated with good postoperative visual acuity and low residual refractive astigmatism which correlates with the precision of toric phakic IOL alignment.
基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2019A1515110582Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Visual Object Detection and Recognition,Grant/Award Number:ZDSYS20190902093015527National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:61876051。
文摘Deep learning has been widely used in the field of mammographic image classification owing to its superiority in automatic feature extraction.However,general deep learning models cannot achieve very satisfactory classification results on mammographic images because these models are not specifically designed for mammographic images and do not take the specific traits of these images into account.To exploit the essential discriminant information of mammographic images,we propose a novel classification method based on a convolutional neural network.Specifically,the proposed method designs two branches to extract the discriminative features from mammographic images from the mediolateral oblique and craniocaudal(CC)mammographic views.The features extracted from the two-view mammographic images contain complementary information that enables breast cancer to be more easily distinguished.Moreover,the attention block is introduced to capture the channel-wise information by adjusting the weight of each feature map,which is beneficial to emphasising the important features of mammographic images.Furthermore,we add a penalty term based on the fuzzy cluster algorithm to the cross-entropy function,which improves the generalisation ability of the classification model by maximising the interclass distance and minimising the intraclass distance of the samples.The experimental results on The Digital database for Screening Mammography INbreast and MIAS mammography databases illustrate that the proposed method achieves the best classification performance and is more robust than the compared state-ofthe-art classification methods.
文摘In interpretation of remote sensing images, it is possible that some images which are supplied by different sensors become incomprehensible. For better visual perception of these images, it is essential to operate series of pre-processing and elementary corrections and then operate a series of main processing steps for more precise analysis on the images. There are several approaches for processing which are depended on the type of remote sensing images. The discussed approach in this article, i.e. image fusion, is the use of natural colors of an optical image for adding color to a grayscale satellite image which gives us the ability for better observation of the HR image of OLI sensor of Landsat-8. This process with emphasis on details of fusion technique has previously been performed;however, we are going to apply the concept of the interpolation process. In fact, we see many important software tools such as ENVI and ERDAS as the most famous remote sensing image processing tools have only classical interpolation techniques (such as bi-linear (BL) and bi-cubic/cubic convolution (CC)). Therefore, ENVI- and ERDAS-based researches in image fusion area and even other fusion researches often don’t use new and better interpolators and are mainly concentrated on the fusion algorithm’s details for achieving a better quality, so we only focus on the interpolation impact on fusion quality in Landsat-8 multispectral images. The important feature of this approach is to use a statistical, adaptive, and edge-guided interpolation method for improving the color quality in the images in practice. Numerical simulations show selecting the suitable interpolation techniques in MRF-based images creates better quality than the classical interpolators.
基金supported by the University of Utah RadiologyNeuroscience Initiative Pilot grantthe Department of Neurosurgery pilot fund
文摘Spinal cord injury（SCI） affects thousands of people every year in the USA, and most patients are left with some permanent paralysis. Therapeutic options are limited and only modestly affect outcome. To address this issue, we used magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound（MRg FUS） as a non-invasive approach to increase permeability in the blood-spinal cord barrier（BSCB）. We hypothesize that localized, controlled sonoporation of the BSCB by MRg FUS will aid delivery of therapeutics to the injury. Here, we report our preliminary findings for the ability of MRg FUS to increase BSCB permeability in the thoracic spinal cord of a normal rat model. First, an excised portion of normal rat spinal column was used to characterize the acoustic field and to estimate the insertion losses that could be expected in an MRg FUS blood spinal cord barrier opening. Then, in normal rats, MRg FUS was applied in combination with intravenously administered microbubbles to the spinal cord region. Permeability of the BSCB was indicated as signal enhancement by contrast administered prior to T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and verified by Evans blue dye. Neurological testing using the Basso, Beattie, and Breshnahan scale and the ladder walk was normal in 8 of 10 rats tested. Two rats showed minor impairment indicating need for further refinement of parameters. No gross tissue damage was evident by histology. In this study, we have opened successfully the blood spinal cord barrier in the thoracic region of the normal rat spine using magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound combined with microbubbles.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81903662,81860630,and 81560577)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant(Grant No.2019M661057)+3 种基金the Applied Basic Research Programs of Shanxi Province(Grant No.201901D 211347)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(Grant No.2019L0428)the Startup Foundation for Doctors of Shanxi Province(Grant No.SD1827)the Startup Foundation for Doctors of Shanxi Medical University(Grant No.XD1824).
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the most common gastrointestinal tract cancer worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality.The development of nanosized drug delivery systems has provided a new direction in CRC treatment.Among these systems,magnetic nanoparticle(MNP)-based multifunctional platforms provide a novel strategy for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-related cancer theranostics.At the beginning o f this original review,the carcinogenesis and treatment status o f CRC are summarized.Then,diversified preparation and functionalization methods of MNPs are systematically analyzed,followed by MRIinvolved theranostic strategies.The latest progress in MRI-mediated multimode diagnosis and image-guided targeted therapy in CRC management is the main focus.Finally,the major challenges in promoting MRI-induced precise theranostics of CRC in clinical practice are discussed.
文摘Photoacoustic imaging(PAI)is often performed simultaneously with ultrasound imaging and can provide functional and cellular information regarding the tissues in the anatomical markers of the imaging.This paper describes in detail the basic principles of photoacoustic/ultrasound(PA/US)imaging and its application in recent years.It includes near-infrared-region PA,photothermal,photodynamic,and multimode imaging techniques.Particular attention is given to the relationship between PAI and ultrasonic imaging;the latest high-frequency PA/US imaging of small animals,which involves not only B-mode,but also color Doppler mode,power Doppler mode,and nonlinear imaging mode;the ultrasonic model combined with PAI,including the formation of multimodal imaging;the preclinical imaging methods;and the most effective detection methods for clinical research for the future.
基金financially supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62075103,81973488)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20211271)+4 种基金the Foundation of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application(No.2021KFKT07)the Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for College Students in Jiangsu(No.202110312037Z)the Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent(No.QNRC2016075)the Nanjing Medical Science and Technique Development Foundation(No.ZKX19022)the Jiangsu Provincial High level Health Talent“six one project”(No.LGY2019005)。
文摘Phototheranostic with highly integrated functions is an attractive platform for cancer management. It remains challenging to develop a facile phototheranostic platform with complementary bimodal imaging and combinational therapy capacity. Herein, the small-molecule cyanine IR780 loaded liposomes have been harnessed as a nanoplatform to simultaneously realize photoacoustic(PA)/the second near-infrared window(NIR-Ⅱ) fluorescence imaging and image-guided surgery/adjuvant photothermal therapy(PTT).This nanoplatform exhibits attractive properties like uniform controllable size, stable dispersibility, NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence emission, photothermal conversion, and biocompatibility. Benefiting from the complementary PA/NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence bimodal imaging, this nanoplatform was successfully applied in precise vasculature delineation and tumor diagnosis. Interestingly, the tumor was clearly detected by NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging with the highest tumor-to-normal-tissue ratio up to 12.69, while signal interference from the liver was significantly reduced, due to the difference in the elimination rate of the nanoplatform in the liver and tumor. Under the precise guidance of the image, the tumor was accurately resected, and the simulated residual lesion after surgery was completely ablated by adjuvant PTT. This combined therapy showed improved antitumor efcacy over the individual surgery or PTT. This work develops a facile phototheranostic nanoplatform with great significance in accurately diagnosing and effectively treating tumors using simple NIR light irradiation.
