Background In recent years,the demand for interactive photorealistic three-dimensional(3D)environments has increased in various fields,including architecture,engineering,and entertainment.However,achieving a balance b...Background In recent years,the demand for interactive photorealistic three-dimensional(3D)environments has increased in various fields,including architecture,engineering,and entertainment.However,achieving a balance between the quality and efficiency of high-performance 3D applications and virtual reality(VR)remains challenging.Methods This study addresses this issue by revisiting and extending view interpolation for image-based rendering(IBR),which enables the exploration of spacious open environments in 3D and VR.Therefore,we introduce multimorphing,a novel rendering method based on the spatial data structure of 2D image patches,called the image graph.Using this approach,novel views can be rendered with up to six degrees of freedom using only a sparse set of views.The rendering process does not require 3D reconstruction of the geometry or per-pixel depth information,and all relevant data for the output are extracted from the local morphing cells of the image graph.The detection of parallax image regions during preprocessing reduces rendering artifacts by extrapolating image patches from adjacent cells in real-time.In addition,a GPU-based solution was presented to resolve exposure inconsistencies within a dataset,enabling seamless transitions of brightness when moving between areas with varying light intensities.Results Experiments on multiple real-world and synthetic scenes demonstrate that the presented method achieves high"VR-compatible"frame rates,even on mid-range and legacy hardware,respectively.While achieving adequate visual quality even for sparse datasets,it outperforms other IBR and current neural rendering approaches.Conclusions Using the correspondence-based decomposition of input images into morphing cells of 2D image patches,multidimensional image morphing provides high-performance novel view generation,supporting open 3D and VR environments.Nevertheless,the handling of morphing artifacts in the parallax image regions remains a topic for future research.展开更多
Background:Postmortem diagnosis of anaphylactic shock remains one of the challenges in forensic pathology due to the absence of specific pathological and morphological changes.MicroRNAs,characterized by tissue-specifi...Background:Postmortem diagnosis of anaphylactic shock remains one of the challenges in forensic pathology due to the absence of specific pathological and morphological changes.MicroRNAs,characterized by tissue-specific expression and resistance to degradation,have been applied in forensic medicine for postmortem interval estimation and auxiliary diagnosis of certain causes of death.However,their utility in assisting the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock as a cause of death has not been previously reported in the literature.Aims and Objectives:This study aimed to identify relevant microRNAs by constructing a search strategy for retrieval in the PubMed database and to validate and screen the selected indicators using collected blood samples.Materials and Methods:A literature search strategy was developed with a focus on"anaphylactic shock"and"microRNA"in PubMed.Relevant literatures were screened,and microRNAs were extracted and compiled.Blood samples were collected from 8 cases of death due to anaphylactic shock and 22 cases of death from nonanaphylactic causes.RNA was extracted,and RT-PCR was performed to detect microRNAs.Relative expression levels were calculated for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 15 relevant literatures were retrieved from PubMed.After extracting microRNAs and referencing with the miRBase and miRDB databases,22 microRNAs were finally identified.Validation using postmortem blood samples revealed that the expression levels of 11 microRNAs were significantly higher in the anaphylactic shock group than in the control group(P<0.05).ROC analysis showed that 9 of 11 microRNAs had diagnostic efficacy,including miR-149-5p,miR-34a-5p,miR-181a-5p,miR-487b-3p,miR-182-5p,miR-154-5p,miR-451a,miR-155-3p,and miR-155-5p(P<0.05).Among them,miR-182-5p exhibited the optimal diagnostic efficacy(AUC=0.97).Conclusion:Postmortem detection of 9 microRNAs(miR-149-5p,miR-34a-5p,miR-181a-5p,miR-487b-3p,miR-182-5p,miR-154-5p,miR-451a,miR-155-3p,and miR-155-5p)in blood samples holds potential for assisting in the postmortem diagnosis of anaphylactic shock.展开更多
基金Supported by the Bavarian Academic Forum(BayWISS),as a part of the joint academic partnership digitalization program.
文摘Background In recent years,the demand for interactive photorealistic three-dimensional(3D)environments has increased in various fields,including architecture,engineering,and entertainment.However,achieving a balance between the quality and efficiency of high-performance 3D applications and virtual reality(VR)remains challenging.Methods This study addresses this issue by revisiting and extending view interpolation for image-based rendering(IBR),which enables the exploration of spacious open environments in 3D and VR.Therefore,we introduce multimorphing,a novel rendering method based on the spatial data structure of 2D image patches,called the image graph.Using this approach,novel views can be rendered with up to six degrees of freedom using only a sparse set of views.The rendering process does not require 3D reconstruction of the geometry or per-pixel depth information,and all relevant data for the output are extracted from the local morphing cells of the image graph.The detection of parallax image regions during preprocessing reduces rendering artifacts by extrapolating image patches from adjacent cells in real-time.In addition,a GPU-based solution was presented to resolve exposure inconsistencies within a dataset,enabling seamless transitions of brightness when moving between areas with varying light intensities.Results Experiments on multiple real-world and synthetic scenes demonstrate that the presented method achieves high"VR-compatible"frame rates,even on mid-range and legacy hardware,respectively.While achieving adequate visual quality even for sparse datasets,it outperforms other IBR and current neural rendering approaches.Conclusions Using the correspondence-based decomposition of input images into morphing cells of 2D image patches,multidimensional image morphing provides high-performance novel view generation,supporting open 3D and VR environments.Nevertheless,the handling of morphing artifacts in the parallax image regions remains a topic for future research.
文摘Background:Postmortem diagnosis of anaphylactic shock remains one of the challenges in forensic pathology due to the absence of specific pathological and morphological changes.MicroRNAs,characterized by tissue-specific expression and resistance to degradation,have been applied in forensic medicine for postmortem interval estimation and auxiliary diagnosis of certain causes of death.However,their utility in assisting the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock as a cause of death has not been previously reported in the literature.Aims and Objectives:This study aimed to identify relevant microRNAs by constructing a search strategy for retrieval in the PubMed database and to validate and screen the selected indicators using collected blood samples.Materials and Methods:A literature search strategy was developed with a focus on"anaphylactic shock"and"microRNA"in PubMed.Relevant literatures were screened,and microRNAs were extracted and compiled.Blood samples were collected from 8 cases of death due to anaphylactic shock and 22 cases of death from nonanaphylactic causes.RNA was extracted,and RT-PCR was performed to detect microRNAs.Relative expression levels were calculated for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 15 relevant literatures were retrieved from PubMed.After extracting microRNAs and referencing with the miRBase and miRDB databases,22 microRNAs were finally identified.Validation using postmortem blood samples revealed that the expression levels of 11 microRNAs were significantly higher in the anaphylactic shock group than in the control group(P<0.05).ROC analysis showed that 9 of 11 microRNAs had diagnostic efficacy,including miR-149-5p,miR-34a-5p,miR-181a-5p,miR-487b-3p,miR-182-5p,miR-154-5p,miR-451a,miR-155-3p,and miR-155-5p(P<0.05).Among them,miR-182-5p exhibited the optimal diagnostic efficacy(AUC=0.97).Conclusion:Postmortem detection of 9 microRNAs(miR-149-5p,miR-34a-5p,miR-181a-5p,miR-487b-3p,miR-182-5p,miR-154-5p,miR-451a,miR-155-3p,and miR-155-5p)in blood samples holds potential for assisting in the postmortem diagnosis of anaphylactic shock.
