Raw water temperature can fluctuate significantly throughout the year,with peaks above 30℃in summer and below 15℃in winter.Traditional desalination systems(e.g.,reverse osmosis,RO)face challenges under these varying...Raw water temperature can fluctuate significantly throughout the year,with peaks above 30℃in summer and below 15℃in winter.Traditional desalination systems(e.g.,reverse osmosis,RO)face challenges under these varying temperature conditions.Specifically,while the RO system performs well under high temperatures,its efficiency decreases sharply at lower temperatures.Membrane capacitive deionization(MCDI)is considered as an emergent and promising technology for brackish water desalination.While plenty of studies have been devoted to investigating the impacts of raw water properties(e.g.,salinity,coexisting ions,and natural organic matter)on MCDI performance,the role of water temperatures during the desalination remains under-explored.In this study,we first tested and determined the optimized MCDI operation parameters,such as the cell voltage and feedwater flow rate.Key findings showed that MCDI’s salt removal efficiency remains unaffected by feedwater temperature fluctuations.However,as feedwater temperature increases from 15℃to 40℃,the specific energy consumption for desalination slightly rises by 16.3%,and current efficiency drops by 14.1%.Compared to RO systems,the resilience of MCDI to temperature fluctuations makes it a preferable choice for brackish water treatment in areas with a large temperature difference.展开更多
Although the presence of hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) on computed tomography (CT) is typically an ominous finding, HPVG may sometimes be less catastrophic. The clinical significance of HPVG is variable, and it dep...Although the presence of hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) on computed tomography (CT) is typically an ominous finding, HPVG may sometimes be less catastrophic. The clinical significance of HPVG is variable, and it depends primarily on the underlying pathol ogy. We report a case of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who was found to have HPVG on CT as a presumed result of gastrointestinal cryp tosporidiosis, an association that, to our knowledge, has not been reported. This case illustrates another cause of HPVG that should be considered in patients with AIDS.展开更多
Cloud radio access network(C-RAN)is considered as a promising approach to solve the bandwidth crunch problem for future wireless network.Another important element for future network is sensors that can monitor physica...Cloud radio access network(C-RAN)is considered as a promising approach to solve the bandwidth crunch problem for future wireless network.Another important element for future network is sensors that can monitor physical or environmental conditions.Currently,most sensors need batteries for power,which is energy-consuming and maintenance-heavy.To further improve energy effi ciency(EE)of sensors in C-RAN,this paper proposes a new structure as well as practical circuit design for green sensors in C-RAN.The structure can enable sensors to harvest energy from radio signals transmitted by neighbor remote radio heads(RRHs)and user terminals(UTs).To demonstrate the validity of the new structure,a practical circuit design is suggested and the corresponding hardware platform is realized.Specifically,selection criteria for electrical component parameters and design of an impedance-matching network are discussed in details.In addition,two methods to stabilize the output voltage are proposed and analyzed.Finally,simulation results as well as experimental results are provided to corroborate our proposed studies.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52370090,52300016)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2023M733379,2024M753122).
文摘Raw water temperature can fluctuate significantly throughout the year,with peaks above 30℃in summer and below 15℃in winter.Traditional desalination systems(e.g.,reverse osmosis,RO)face challenges under these varying temperature conditions.Specifically,while the RO system performs well under high temperatures,its efficiency decreases sharply at lower temperatures.Membrane capacitive deionization(MCDI)is considered as an emergent and promising technology for brackish water desalination.While plenty of studies have been devoted to investigating the impacts of raw water properties(e.g.,salinity,coexisting ions,and natural organic matter)on MCDI performance,the role of water temperatures during the desalination remains under-explored.In this study,we first tested and determined the optimized MCDI operation parameters,such as the cell voltage and feedwater flow rate.Key findings showed that MCDI’s salt removal efficiency remains unaffected by feedwater temperature fluctuations.However,as feedwater temperature increases from 15℃to 40℃,the specific energy consumption for desalination slightly rises by 16.3%,and current efficiency drops by 14.1%.Compared to RO systems,the resilience of MCDI to temperature fluctuations makes it a preferable choice for brackish water treatment in areas with a large temperature difference.
文摘Although the presence of hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) on computed tomography (CT) is typically an ominous finding, HPVG may sometimes be less catastrophic. The clinical significance of HPVG is variable, and it depends primarily on the underlying pathol ogy. We report a case of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who was found to have HPVG on CT as a presumed result of gastrointestinal cryp tosporidiosis, an association that, to our knowledge, has not been reported. This case illustrates another cause of HPVG that should be considered in patients with AIDS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61571037,U1334202)by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2014JBZ003)
文摘Cloud radio access network(C-RAN)is considered as a promising approach to solve the bandwidth crunch problem for future wireless network.Another important element for future network is sensors that can monitor physical or environmental conditions.Currently,most sensors need batteries for power,which is energy-consuming and maintenance-heavy.To further improve energy effi ciency(EE)of sensors in C-RAN,this paper proposes a new structure as well as practical circuit design for green sensors in C-RAN.The structure can enable sensors to harvest energy from radio signals transmitted by neighbor remote radio heads(RRHs)and user terminals(UTs).To demonstrate the validity of the new structure,a practical circuit design is suggested and the corresponding hardware platform is realized.Specifically,selection criteria for electrical component parameters and design of an impedance-matching network are discussed in details.In addition,two methods to stabilize the output voltage are proposed and analyzed.Finally,simulation results as well as experimental results are provided to corroborate our proposed studies.
