Dissolution trapping is one of the most promising mechanisms for safe geological carbon storage.Density-driven convection substantially accelerates the conversion of free-phase CO_(2)to the dissolved state,enhancing t...Dissolution trapping is one of the most promising mechanisms for safe geological carbon storage.Density-driven convection substantially accelerates the conversion of free-phase CO_(2)to the dissolved state,enhancing the sequestration safety.Since this process occurs on time scales of hundreds to thousands of years,reproducing it through conventional laboratory physical model tests is challenging.The hypergravity experiment reduces the model size and shortens the experimental time,enabling the modeling of gravity-driven flow processes at the field scale.However,it is uncertain whether the preferential flow effect caused by fractures can be reproduced in a hypergravity experiment.In this study,a three-dimensional discrete fracture-matrix model(3D-DFM)was used to evaluate the feasibility of hypergravity experiment of the transport of dissolved CO_(2)in fractured reservoirs.Numerical hypergravity tests were performed to examine the feasibility of modeling density-driven convection in homogeneous and heterogeneous media at different centrifuge accelerations.The hypergravity experiment can be used to study density-driven convection of dissolved CO_(2)at the field scale in homogeneous system.The numerical results show that the hypergravity experiment enables a faster breakthrough of plume and overestimates CO_(2)migration in the matrix surrounding the fractures.展开更多
The gravitational field affects the evolution of multiphase media, such as rocks, soil, and alloy melts. Hypergravity increases the body force of matter, enhancing the driving force of the relative motion between subs...The gravitational field affects the evolution of multiphase media, such as rocks, soil, and alloy melts. Hypergravity increases the body force of matter, enhancing the driving force of the relative motion between substances with different densities and accelerating the evolution of multiphase media. Hypergravity experiments provide a new approach to exploring the motion of multiphase media and solving engineering problems. Hypergravity experiments have been conducted in different disciplines,such as materials science, geological science, and geotechnical engineering. However, the knowledge barriers between various research fields have caused the development of centrifuges/inflight devices and theoretical research on the mechanisms of matter in motion in hypergravity to lag behind the application of hypergravity experiments, limiting the progress in these experiments.This article systematically summarizes and proposes the fundamentals of hypergravity experiments, while the scientific challenge of the nonlinear hypergravity effect induced by high hypergravity on multiphase media evolution is clarified. Evaluation criteria are proposed for the noninertial frame effects of the centrifugal hypergravity field. The development of the high-centrifugal acceleration, large-capacity, and long-beam centrifuges are determined as the future research direction. Representative cases are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and great potential of the hypergravity experiments for the solidification of alloy melts and physical modeling. Challenges in the experimental methodology are also clarified. This paper reviews the fundamentals and applications of hypergravity experiments in various disciplines, pointing out the research direction of hypergravity experiments on multiphase media evolution.展开更多
Temperature rise caused by windage power is a major limitation to the large-scale process of geotechnical centrifuges.However,there is no consensus on how to identify the key parts(parts with high windage power consum...Temperature rise caused by windage power is a major limitation to the large-scale process of geotechnical centrifuges.However,there is no consensus on how to identify the key parts(parts with high windage power consumption)and parameters(the velocity coefficientαand windage coefficient C_(i)),and the influence of idle power is often neglected in methods for calculating windage power.To address these issues,a Centrifugal Hypergravity and Interdisciplinary Experiment Facility(CHIEF)scaled model device was constructed,and the windage power was measured.Then,a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model of the device was established and validated by experimental results.Simulation results were analyzed to quantify the proportion of the windage power in different parts of the device and summarize the variation law of key parameters.Finally,a novel windage power calculation equation was developed based on the elimination of the influence of the idle power.Results show that the role of the rotating arm cannot be ignored in the selection of key parts.The velocity coefficient and windage coefficient are a function of the device geometry and size,and are independent of the angular velocity.The windage power is proportional to the cube of the angular velocity after eliminating the effect of idle power.展开更多
基金the financial support from research grants provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52588202,and 42277128)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFA1612400)。
文摘Dissolution trapping is one of the most promising mechanisms for safe geological carbon storage.Density-driven convection substantially accelerates the conversion of free-phase CO_(2)to the dissolved state,enhancing the sequestration safety.Since this process occurs on time scales of hundreds to thousands of years,reproducing it through conventional laboratory physical model tests is challenging.The hypergravity experiment reduces the model size and shortens the experimental time,enabling the modeling of gravity-driven flow processes at the field scale.However,it is uncertain whether the preferential flow effect caused by fractures can be reproduced in a hypergravity experiment.In this study,a three-dimensional discrete fracture-matrix model(3D-DFM)was used to evaluate the feasibility of hypergravity experiment of the transport of dissolved CO_(2)in fractured reservoirs.Numerical hypergravity tests were performed to examine the feasibility of modeling density-driven convection in homogeneous and heterogeneous media at different centrifuge accelerations.The hypergravity experiment can be used to study density-driven convection of dissolved CO_(2)at the field scale in homogeneous system.The numerical results show that the hypergravity experiment enables a faster breakthrough of plume and overestimates CO_(2)migration in the matrix surrounding the fractures.
基金supported by the Basic Science Center Program for Multiphase Media Evolution in Hypergravity of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51988101)the National Major Scientific and Technological Infrastructure-Centrifugal Hypergravity and Interdisciplinary Experimental Facility (CHIEF)Financial support from the Chinese Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to University (the 111 Project, Grant No. B18047)。
文摘The gravitational field affects the evolution of multiphase media, such as rocks, soil, and alloy melts. Hypergravity increases the body force of matter, enhancing the driving force of the relative motion between substances with different densities and accelerating the evolution of multiphase media. Hypergravity experiments provide a new approach to exploring the motion of multiphase media and solving engineering problems. Hypergravity experiments have been conducted in different disciplines,such as materials science, geological science, and geotechnical engineering. However, the knowledge barriers between various research fields have caused the development of centrifuges/inflight devices and theoretical research on the mechanisms of matter in motion in hypergravity to lag behind the application of hypergravity experiments, limiting the progress in these experiments.This article systematically summarizes and proposes the fundamentals of hypergravity experiments, while the scientific challenge of the nonlinear hypergravity effect induced by high hypergravity on multiphase media evolution is clarified. Evaluation criteria are proposed for the noninertial frame effects of the centrifugal hypergravity field. The development of the high-centrifugal acceleration, large-capacity, and long-beam centrifuges are determined as the future research direction. Representative cases are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and great potential of the hypergravity experiments for the solidification of alloy melts and physical modeling. Challenges in the experimental methodology are also clarified. This paper reviews the fundamentals and applications of hypergravity experiments in various disciplines, pointing out the research direction of hypergravity experiments on multiphase media evolution.
基金supported by the National Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Project of China(No.2017-000052-73-01-002083)the Information Technology Center,Zhejiang University,China.
文摘Temperature rise caused by windage power is a major limitation to the large-scale process of geotechnical centrifuges.However,there is no consensus on how to identify the key parts(parts with high windage power consumption)and parameters(the velocity coefficientαand windage coefficient C_(i)),and the influence of idle power is often neglected in methods for calculating windage power.To address these issues,a Centrifugal Hypergravity and Interdisciplinary Experiment Facility(CHIEF)scaled model device was constructed,and the windage power was measured.Then,a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model of the device was established and validated by experimental results.Simulation results were analyzed to quantify the proportion of the windage power in different parts of the device and summarize the variation law of key parameters.Finally,a novel windage power calculation equation was developed based on the elimination of the influence of the idle power.Results show that the role of the rotating arm cannot be ignored in the selection of key parts.The velocity coefficient and windage coefficient are a function of the device geometry and size,and are independent of the angular velocity.The windage power is proportional to the cube of the angular velocity after eliminating the effect of idle power.
