Electronic structure calculations using the tighting-binding linear muffin-tin orbital (TB-LMTO) method have been performed for Co3Ti and its hydride CO3Ti. The computed values of lattice constants and bulk moduli agr...Electronic structure calculations using the tighting-binding linear muffin-tin orbital (TB-LMTO) method have been performed for Co3Ti and its hydride CO3Ti. The computed values of lattice constants and bulk moduli agree with the experiment values. The theoritical excess enerpy and lattice staid due to hydrogen absorption consequently obtained hem the ab initio results indicate that H has the tendency to stay in Co3Ti and the ionicities of Co atomic spheres due to hydmpen absorption change from the canons to the ations. On the other hand, the changes of band structures due to hydrogenation are found to be remarkable.展开更多
By use of the self-consistent method of linear muffin-tin orbitals with the atomic sphere approximation on the basis of density functional theory, the total energies and the electron-ic sTructures ofNi, Al, and their ...By use of the self-consistent method of linear muffin-tin orbitals with the atomic sphere approximation on the basis of density functional theory, the total energies and the electron-ic sTructures ofNi, Al, and their hydrides NiH. A1H and Ni3AlH are calculated. The theoretical excess energies and the lattice strains due to hydrogen absorption consequently obtained from the ah initio results indicate that Ni is a better hydrogen absorber than Al, an. the absorptivity of Ni3Al dramatically decreases owing to the repulsion between Al and H On the other hand, the changes of band structures due to hydrogenation are found to be remparkable except that tor Al. and they are shown to be the qualitative manifestation of existing conclusions from photoemission experiments.展开更多
Aiming at the problems of insufficient activity and selectivity of Cu-based catalysts in CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,Al_(2)O_(3),ZrO_(2)and CeO_(2)modified Cu-ZnO catalysts by the co-precipitation method were prep...Aiming at the problems of insufficient activity and selectivity of Cu-based catalysts in CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,Al_(2)O_(3),ZrO_(2)and CeO_(2)modified Cu-ZnO catalysts by the co-precipitation method were prepared,and the influence mechanism of additives on the structure-performance relationship of the catalysts was systematically explored.Through a variety of characterization methods such as XRD,N2 physical adsorption-desorption,TEM,H_(2)-TPR,CO_(2)-TPD and XPS,combined with catalytic performance evaluation experiments,the correlation between the microstructure of catalysts and the reaction performance of CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol was analyzed in depth.The results show that metal additives significantly improve the performance of catalysts.After the introduction of additives,the specific surface area and pore volume of the catalysts increase,the grain size of Cu decreases,and its dispersion improves.The Ce-modified CZC catalyst exhibited the best performance,with the grain size of CuO as small as 11.41 nm,and the surface oxygen vacancy concentration(OⅡ/OⅠ=3.15)was significantly higher than that of other samples.The reaction performance test shows that under the conditions of 2.8 MPa,8000 h−1 and 280℃,the CO_(2)conversion of the CZC catalyst reached 18.83%,the methanol selectivity was 68.40%,and the methanol yield was 12.88%,all of which are superior to other catalysts.Its excellent performance can be attributed to the fact that CeO_(2)enhances the metal-support interaction,increases the surface basicity,promotes the adsorption and activation of CO_(2),and simultaneously inhibits the reverse water-gas shift side reaction.This study clarifies the structure-activity regulation mechanism of additive modification on Cu-ZnO catalysts,providing a theoretical basis and technical reference for the development of efficient catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol.展开更多
As one of the most promising new energy sources,hydrogen energy is expected to usher in a full-fledged“hydrogen economy”in the 21st century.Compared with traditional high-pressure gaseous and cryogenic liquid hydrog...As one of the most promising new energy sources,hydrogen energy is expected to usher in a full-fledged“hydrogen economy”in the 21st century.Compared with traditional high-pressure gaseous and cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage methods,solid-state chemical hydrogen storage shows significant advantages in safety,high efficiency,and cost-effectiveness.Magnesium-based lightweight hydrogen storage materials have attracted widespread attention due to their high gravimetric hydrogen storage density(7.6%)and favorable reversibility.However,their sluggish reaction kinetics and stringent operating conditions(with H2 release temperatures exceeding 350°C and H2 absorption pressures above 4 MPa)pose major challenges for practical applications.Domestic and international researchers have conducted in-depth studies to address these issues,achieving substantial progress in the modification of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys.This paper systematically elaborates on major modification techniques such as alloying,nanostructuring,and catalytic material doping,providing a comprehensive analysis of the strengths and limitations of each approach.Furthermore,it offers prospects for the future development of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials by integrating current theoretical and experimental research findings.展开更多
Development of high performance,flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)is critical for advancing self-powered sensing and microelectronic applications.In this study,a hydrogen-bond substitute strategy was employe...Development of high performance,flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)is critical for advancing self-powered sensing and microelectronic applications.In this study,a hydrogen-bond substitute strategy was employed to fabricate a multi-layer PENG based on a cellulose/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)blend film matrix,incorporating multi-phase BCZT(0.1BaZr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3)-0.9Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3)TiO_(3))ceramic fillers.Structural characterization via SEM and TEM revealed that an intricate hydrogen-bond network facilitated the uniform dispersion of ceramic fillers within the composite film’s sub-layers.In order to study the effect of filler distribution on piezoelectric performance,the single-and double-layer composite films with varying BCZT configurations were produced and evaluated.The results demonstrated that double-layer PENGs exhibit significantly enhanced electrical output compared to their single-layer counterparts,with the D-L_(3)H_(7) configuration achieving an open circuit voltage(V_(OC))of 23.13 V and a short circuit current(I_(SC))of 8.32μA.This enhancement is attributed to increased inter-layer interfaces,which effectively suppressed charge injection and migration,leading to improved charge density.Additionally,the presence of sharp tipped hexagonal tetragonal phase nanoparticles induced an electric field enhancement effect,further optimizing performance.展开更多
Cyclohexene is an important raw material in the production of nylon.Selective hydrogenation of benzene is a key method for preparing cyclohexene.However,the Ru catalysts used in current industrial processes still face...Cyclohexene is an important raw material in the production of nylon.Selective hydrogenation of benzene is a key method for preparing cyclohexene.However,the Ru catalysts used in current industrial processes still face challenges,including high metal usage,high process costs,and low cyclohexene yield.This study utilizes existing literature data combined with machine learning methods to analyze the factors influencing benzene conversion,cyclohexene selectivity,and yield in the benzene hydrogenation to cyclohexene reaction.It constructs predictive models based on XGBoost and Random Forest algorithms.After analysis,it was found that reaction time,Ru content,and space velocity are key factors influencing cyclohexene yield,selectivity,and benzene conversion.Shapley Additive Explanations(SHAP)analysis and feature importance analysis further revealed the contribution of each variable to the reaction outcomes.Additionally,we randomly generated one million variable combinations using the Dirichlet distribution to attempt to predict high-yield catalyst formulations.This paper provides new insights into the application of machine learning in heterogeneous catalysis and offers some reference for further research.展开更多
Ion-solvaing membranes(ISMs)have received extensive attention in recent years as a key component in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.This article provides an overview of structural composition,per...Ion-solvaing membranes(ISMs)have received extensive attention in recent years as a key component in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.This article provides an overview of structural composition,performance advan-tages,research progress,ion conduction mechanism and existing issues of ISMs,primarily classifying them according to the matrix structure.A detailed analysis of performance enhancement methods,key performance indicators of ISMs and performance influencing factors is also presented.The article contributes to further optimizing the design and application of ion-solvation membranes,providing theoretical support for the development of fields such as hydrogen production through electrolysis of water and electrochemical energy in the future.展开更多
Against the backdrop of escalating global climate change and energy crises,the resource utilization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),a major greenhouse gas,has become a crucial pathway for achieving carbon peaking and carbon...Against the backdrop of escalating global climate change and energy crises,the resource utilization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),a major greenhouse gas,has become a crucial pathway for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.The hydrogenation of CO_(2)to methanol not only enables carbon sequestration and recycling,but also provides a route to produce high value-added fuels and basic chemical feedstocks,holding significant environmental and economic potential.However,this conversion process is thermodynamically and kinetically limited,and traditional catalyst systems(e.g.,Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3))exhibit inadequate activity,selectivity,and stability under mild conditions.Therefore,the development of novel high-performance catalysts with precisely tunable structures and functionalities is imperative.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),as crystalline porous materials with high surface area,tunable pore structures,and diverse metal-ligand compositions,have the great potential in CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysis.Their structural design flexibility allows for the construction of well-dispersed active sites,tailored electronic environments,and enhanced metal-support interactions.This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in MOF-based and MOF-derived catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,focusing on four design strategies:(1)spatial confinement and in situ construction,(2)defect engineering and ion-exchange,(3)bimetallic synergy and hybrid structure design,and(4)MOF-derived nanomaterial synthesis.These approaches significantly improve CO_(2)conversion and methanol selectivity by optimizing metal dispersion,interfacial structures,and reaction pathways.The reaction mechanism is further explored by focusing on the three main reaction pathways:the formate pathway(HCOO*),the RWGS(Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction)+CO*hydrogenation pathway,and the trans-COOH pathway.In situ spectroscopic studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate the formation and transformation of key intermediates,as well as the roles of active sites,metal-support interfaces,oxygen vacancies,and promoters.Additionally,representative catalytic performance data for MOFbased systems are compiled and compared,demonstrating their advantages over traditional catalysts in terms of CO_(2)conversion,methanol selectivity,and space-time yield.Future perspectives for MOF-based CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysts will prioritize two main directions:structural design and mechanistic understanding.The precise construction of active sites through multi-metallic synergy,defect engineering,and interfacial electronic modulation should be made to enhance catalyst selectivity and stability.In addition,advanced in situ characterization techniques combined with theoretical modeling are essential to unravel the detailed reaction mechanisms and intermediate behaviors,thereby guiding rational catalyst design.Moreover,to enable industrial application,challenges related to thermal/hydrothermal stability,catalyst recyclability,and cost-effective large-scale synthesis must be addressed.The development of green,scalable preparation methods and the integration of MOF catalysts into practical reaction systems(e.g.,flow reactors)will be crucial for bridging the gap between laboratory research and commercial deployment.Ultimately,multi-scale structure-performance optimization and catalytic system integration will be vital for accelerating the industrialization of MOF-based CO_(2)-to-methanol technologies.展开更多
The efficiency and stability of catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution(PHE)are largely governed by the charge transfer behaviors across the heterojunction interfaces.In this study,CuO,a typical semiconductor ...The efficiency and stability of catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution(PHE)are largely governed by the charge transfer behaviors across the heterojunction interfaces.In this study,CuO,a typical semiconductor featuring a broad spectral absorption range,is successfully employed as the electron acceptor to combine with CdS for constructing a S-scheme heterojunction.The optimized photocatalyst(CdSCuO2∶1)delivers an exceptional hydrogen evolution rate of 18.89 mmol/(g·h),4.15-fold higher compared with bare CdS.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection absorption spectroscopy(UV-vis DRS)confirmed the S-scheme band structure of the composites.Moreover,the surface photovoltage(SPV)and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)indicated that the photogenerated electrons and photogenerated holes of CdS-CuO2∶1 were respectively transferred to the conduction band(CB)of CdS with a higher reduction potential and the valence band(VB)of CuO with a higher oxidation potential under illumination,as expected for the S-scheme mechanism.Density-functional-theory calculations of the electron density difference(EDD)disclose an interfacial electric field oriented from CdS to CuO.This built-in field suppresses charge recombination and accelerates carrier migration,rationalizing the markedly enhanced PHE activity.This study offers a novel strategy for designing S-scheme heterojunctions with high light harvesting and charge utilization toward sustainable solar-tohydrogen conversion.展开更多
The Ni/SBA-15 catalysts were synthesized using the in situ method and the influence of crystallization temperature on nickel utilization efficiency-a critical factor in mesoporous material design-was systematically in...The Ni/SBA-15 catalysts were synthesized using the in situ method and the influence of crystallization temperature on nickel utilization efficiency-a critical factor in mesoporous material design-was systematically investigated.The structural characteristics and nickel anchoring capacity were analyzed using XRD,BET,FT-IR,H2-TPR,and ICP-OES.The results demonstrated that the crystallization temperature significantly affected the framework order of SBA-15 and the surface anchoring efficiency of Ni ions.The nickel utilization efficiency increased from 8.4%at 80℃ to 60.49%at 140℃,but then decreased to 47.25%at 160℃,indicating an optimal crystallization temperature window.This provides crucial guidance for tailoring high-performance metal-doped molecular sieves.The optimal catalyst exhibited excellent performance in the hydrogenation of 1,4-butynediol(BYD):the BYD conversion reached 97.25%with 88.99%selectivity of 1,4-butenediol(BED)within 5 h,and reached 99.73%with 87.34%selectivity of 1,4-butanediol(BDO)after 20 h reaction.These results revealed the critical role of crystallization temperature in metal utilization and provided theoretical support for designing highly active molecular sieve catalysts.展开更多
In this study,polyacrylic acid(PAA)films were employed as a model system,and a series of PAA films with tunable water wettability was systematically prepared by varying molecular weight and curing temperature.Using at...In this study,polyacrylic acid(PAA)films were employed as a model system,and a series of PAA films with tunable water wettability was systematically prepared by varying molecular weight and curing temperature.Using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR),the molecular configurations of surface carboxyl groups(COOH),free carboxyl(COOH_(f))and hydrogen-bonded carboxyl(COOH_(HB),were directly correlated with the polar component of surface energy(γ^(s,p)).By decomposing theγ^(s,p)values of the PAA thin films as a sum of the contributions of COOH_(f)and COOH_(H B),the intrinsic polar component of surface energy of COOH_(H B)(γ_(H B)^(s,p*))was quantified for the first time as 8.34 mN/m,significantly lower than that of COOH_(f)(γ_(f)^(s,p*)=34 mN/m).This result highlights that hydrogen bonding markedly reduces theγ^(s,p),providing a rational explanation for the relatively large water contact angle observed on PAA thin films.Furthermore,it establishes a thermodynamic basis for estimating the fraction of surface COOH_(H B)groups(f H B)from wettability measurements.Further extension of the model to carboxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers(COOH-SAMs)revealed that surface COOH density(ΣCOOH)critically regulates wetting behavior:whenΣCOOH ranges from 4.30 to 5.25 nm^(-2),COOH groups predominantly exist in a free state and facilitate effective hydration layers,thereby promoting superhydrophilicity.Overall,this study not only establishes a unified thermodynamic framework linking surface COOH configurations to macroscopic wettability,but also validates its universality by extending it to COOH-SAMs systems,thereby providing a unified theoretical framework for the controllable design of hydrophilicity in various COOH-functionalized surfaces.展开更多
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/energy-and-buildings/vol/350/suppl/CV olume 350,1 January 2026[OA]( 1)Rooftop agrivoltaic powered onsite hydrogenp roduction for insulated gasochromic smart glazing and hydrogen v...https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/energy-and-buildings/vol/350/suppl/CV olume 350,1 January 2026[OA]( 1)Rooftop agrivoltaic powered onsite hydrogenp roduction for insulated gasochromic smart glazing and hydrogen vehicles:A holistic approach to sustainabler esidential building by Shanza Neda Hussain,Aritra Ghosh,Article 116675 A bstract:The study focused on designing a sustainable buildingi nvolving rooftop agrivoltaics,advanced glazing technologies ando nsite hydrogen production for a residential property in Birmingham,UK where green hydrogen produced by harnessinge lectricity generated by agrivoltaics system on rooftop of the building is employed to change the transparency of vacuum gasochromic glazing and refuel hydrogen-powered fuel cell vehicle using storage hydrogen for a sustainable building approach.展开更多
Chiral benzylic amines are important motifs in medicines.A dicationic nickel complex of chiral diphosphine(R)-Ph-BPE promotes highly enantioselective reductive amination of aryl alkyl ketones with arylamines using iso...Chiral benzylic amines are important motifs in medicines.A dicationic nickel complex of chiral diphosphine(R)-Ph-BPE promotes highly enantioselective reductive amination of aryl alkyl ketones with arylamines using isopropanol as hydrogen source.The reaction is easily scaled up in a gram-scale synthesis using 1 mol% nickel catalyst and it is applied to an asymmetric synthesis of(S)-rivastigmine.Building on this success,we achieved rare examples of asymmetric hydrogen borrowing reactions with arylamines using an Earth-abundant 3d metal,nickel.展开更多
CO_(2)utilization powered by sustainable energy offers a promising route to mitigate carbon emissions while producing value-added chemicals[1].Among these pathways,CO_(2)hydrogenation is especially attractive because ...CO_(2)utilization powered by sustainable energy offers a promising route to mitigate carbon emissions while producing value-added chemicals[1].Among these pathways,CO_(2)hydrogenation is especially attractive because it integrates renewable H 2 with carbon resources,which have achieved notable success in producing methanol,CO,etc.[2,3].展开更多
Ruthenium-based materials(Ru and RuO_(2))are promising electrocatalysts toward electrochemical water splitting(EWS)though there are still issues with them that needs to be resolved such as relatively strong adsorption...Ruthenium-based materials(Ru and RuO_(2))are promising electrocatalysts toward electrochemical water splitting(EWS)though there are still issues with them that needs to be resolved such as relatively strong adsorption strength of intermediates over Ru and oxidative dissolution of RuO_(2).In this article,an overview of the recent progress and challenges with Ru-based electrocatalysts for EWS is provided.Firstly,fundamentals of EWS are summarized from the aspects of reaction mechanisms and activity descriptors.Next,the typical methods of fabricating Ru-based catalysts are demonstrated mainly including hydrothermal/solvothermal syntheses,organic ligand-assisted syntheses,pyrolysis,acid etching,cation exchange methods and molten salt-assisted syntheses.We then focus on illustrating the enhancing strategies toward creating advanced Ru-based electrocatalysts by demonstrating the typical examples,which include alloying,doping,structure design,interface engineering,single-atom catalyst design,high-entropy alloy design,phase engineering and defecting engineering.In this section,the structureproperty correlation is elucidated aiming to the design of more efficient Ru-based electrocatalysts for EWS.Finally,we conclude the review by addressing the challenges and prospects of electrochemical water splitting and the development of Rubased catalysts.展开更多
Metal hydrides with high hydrogen density provide promising hydrogen storage paths for hydrogen transportation.However,the requirement of highly pure H_(2)for re-hydrogenation limits its wide application.Here,amorphou...Metal hydrides with high hydrogen density provide promising hydrogen storage paths for hydrogen transportation.However,the requirement of highly pure H_(2)for re-hydrogenation limits its wide application.Here,amorphous Al_(2)O_(3)shells(10 nm)were deposited on the surface of highly active hydrogen storage material particles(MgH_(2)-ZrTi)by atomic layer deposition to obtain MgH_(2)-ZrTi@Al_(2)O_(3),which have been demonstrated to be air stable with selective adsorption of H_(2)under a hydrogen atmosphere with different impurities(CH_(4),O_(2),N_(2),and CO_(2)).About 4.79 wt% H_(2)was adsorbed by MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)at 75℃under 10%CH_(4)+90%H_(2)atmosphere within 3 h with no kinetic or density decay after 5 cycles(~100%capacity retention).Furthermore,about 4 wt%of H_(2)was absorbed by MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)under 0.1%O_(2)+0.4%N_(2)+99.5%H_(2)and 0.1%CO_(2)+0.4%N_(2)+99.5%H_(2)atmospheres at 100℃within 0.5 h,respectively,demonstrating the selective hydrogen absorption of MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)in both oxygen-containing and carbon dioxide-containing atmospheres hydrogen atmosphere.The absorption and desorption curves of MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)with and without absorption in pure hydrogen and then in 21%O_(2)+79%N_(2)for 1 h were found to overlap,further confirming the successful shielding effect of Al_(2)O_(3)shells against O_(2)and N_(2).The MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)has been demonstrated to be air stable and have excellent selective hydrogen absorption performance under the atmosphere with CH_(4),O_(2),N_(2),and CO_(2).展开更多
Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2)) demonstrates immense potential as a solid-state hydrogen storage material,while its commercial utilization is impeded by the elevated operating temperature and sluggish reaction kinetics.Her...Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2)) demonstrates immense potential as a solid-state hydrogen storage material,while its commercial utilization is impeded by the elevated operating temperature and sluggish reaction kinetics.Herein,a MOF derived multi-phase FeNi_(3)-S catalyst was specially designed for efficient hydrogen storage in MgH_(2).Experiments confirmed that the incorporation of FeNi_(3)-S into MgH_(2) significantly lowered the desorption temperature and accelerated the kinetics of hydrogen desorption and reabsorption.The initial dehydrogenation temperature of the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite was 202 ℃,which was 123 ℃ lower than that of pure MgH_(2).At 325 ℃,the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite released 6.57 wt% H_(2)(fully dehydrogenated) within 1000 s.Remarkably,MgH_(2)+ 10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite initiated rehydrogenation at room temperature and rapidly absorbed 2.49 wt% H_(2) within 30 min at 100 ℃.Moreover,6.3 wt% H_(2) was still retained after 20 cycles at 300 ℃,demonstrating the superior cycling performance of the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite.The activation energy fitting calculations further evidenced the addition of FeNi_(3)-S enhanced the de/resorption kinetics of MgH_(2)(E_(a)= 98.6 k J/mol and 43.3 k J/mol,respectively).Through phase and microstructural analysis,it was determined that the exceptional hydrogen storage performance of the composite was attributed to the in-situ formation of Mg/Mg_(2)Ni + Fe/MgS and MgH_(2)/Mg_(2)NiH_(4)+Fe/MgS hydrogen storage systems.Further mechanistic analysis revealed that Mg_(2)Ni/Mg_(2)NiH_(4) served as “hydrogen pump” and Fe/Mg S served as “hydrogen diffusion channel”,thus accelerating the dissociation and recombination of hydrogen molecules.In conclusion,this work offers insight into catalysts combining transition metal alloys and transition metal sulfide for exerting muti-phase synergistic effect on boosting the dehydrogenation/hydrogenation reactions of MgH_(2),which can also inspire future pioneering work on designing and fabricating high efficient catalysts in other energy storage related areas.展开更多
A series of leaching and electrochemical experiments were conducted to elucidate the critical role of hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)in copper-driven reduction of chalcopyrite.Results demonstrate that in the absence of H_(2)...A series of leaching and electrochemical experiments were conducted to elucidate the critical role of hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)in copper-driven reduction of chalcopyrite.Results demonstrate that in the absence of H_(2)S,metallic copper converts chalcopyrite into bornite(Cu_(5)FeS_(4)).However,the introduction of H_(2)S promotes the formation of chalcocite(Cu_(2)S)by altering the oxidation pathway of copper.Electrochemical analysis demonstrates that the presence of H₂S significantly reduces the corrosion potential of copper from 0.251 to−0.223 V(vs SHE),reaching the threshold necessary for the formation of Cu_(2)S.Nevertheless,excessive H_(2)S triggers sulfate reduction via the reaction of 8Cu+H_(2)SO_(4)+3H_(2)S=4Cu_(2)S+4H_(2)O(ΔG=−519.429 kJ/mol at 50℃),leading to inefficient copper utilization.展开更多
Molecular hydrogen(H2)demonstrates selective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with therapeutic potential across musculoskeletal conditions including osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis,exercise-induced mus...Molecular hydrogen(H2)demonstrates selective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with therapeutic potential across musculoskeletal conditions including osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis,exercise-induced muscle damage,chronic pain syndromes,tendinopathies,and muscle atrophy.This review critically evaluates preclinical and clinical evidence for H2 therapy and identifies research gaps.A comprehensive search of PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library(up to April 2025)yielded 45 eligible studies:25 preclinical and 20 clinical trials.Preclinical models consistently showed reductions in reactive oxygen species,inflammatory cytokines,and improved cell viability.Clinical trials reported symptomatic relief in osteoarthritis,decreased Disease Activity Score 28 in rheumatoid arthritis,and accelerated clearance of muscle damage markers.Delivery methods varied-hydrogen-rich water,gas inhalation,and saline infusion-hindering direct comparison.Mechanistic biomarkers were inconsistently reported,limiting understanding of target engagement.Common limitations included small sample sizes,short durations,and protocol heterogeneity.Despite these constraints,findings suggest H2 may serve as a promising adjunctive therapy via antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and cytoprotective mechanisms.Future research should prioritize standardized delivery protocols,robust mechanistic endpoints,and longer-term randomized trials to validate clinical efficacy and optimize therapeutic strategies.展开更多
When the operating temperature of a solid oxide electrolysis cell(SOEC)is lower than the outlet temperature of a nuclear reactor,the reactor can be directly coupled with the SOEC as a high-temperature heat source.Howe...When the operating temperature of a solid oxide electrolysis cell(SOEC)is lower than the outlet temperature of a nuclear reactor,the reactor can be directly coupled with the SOEC as a high-temperature heat source.However,the key to the efficiency and return on investment of this hybrid energy system lies in the expected lifetime of the SOEC.This study assessed Ni-YSZ|YSZ|GDC|LSC fuel electrode support cells’long-term stability during electrolysis at 650℃with a current density of−0.5Acm^(−2)over 1818 h.The average voltage degradation rate of 2.63%kh^(−1)unfolded in two phases:an initial rapid decay(90 to 1120 h at 3.58%kh^(−1))and a stable decay(1120 to 1818 h at 2.14%kh^(−1)),emphasizing SOECs’probability coupling with nuclear reactors at 650℃.Post-1818-hour electrolysis revealed nickel particle formation associated with Ni(OH)_(x)diffusion and re-deposition,alongside a strontium-containing layer causing interface cracking.Despite minimal strontium segregation in the EDS,XPS data indicated surface segregation of Sr.This study provides crucial insights into prolonged SOEC operation,highlighting both its potential and challenges.展开更多
文摘Electronic structure calculations using the tighting-binding linear muffin-tin orbital (TB-LMTO) method have been performed for Co3Ti and its hydride CO3Ti. The computed values of lattice constants and bulk moduli agree with the experiment values. The theoritical excess enerpy and lattice staid due to hydrogen absorption consequently obtained hem the ab initio results indicate that H has the tendency to stay in Co3Ti and the ionicities of Co atomic spheres due to hydmpen absorption change from the canons to the ations. On the other hand, the changes of band structures due to hydrogenation are found to be remarkable.
文摘By use of the self-consistent method of linear muffin-tin orbitals with the atomic sphere approximation on the basis of density functional theory, the total energies and the electron-ic sTructures ofNi, Al, and their hydrides NiH. A1H and Ni3AlH are calculated. The theoretical excess energies and the lattice strains due to hydrogen absorption consequently obtained from the ah initio results indicate that Ni is a better hydrogen absorber than Al, an. the absorptivity of Ni3Al dramatically decreases owing to the repulsion between Al and H On the other hand, the changes of band structures due to hydrogenation are found to be remparkable except that tor Al. and they are shown to be the qualitative manifestation of existing conclusions from photoemission experiments.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1503400)。
文摘Aiming at the problems of insufficient activity and selectivity of Cu-based catalysts in CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,Al_(2)O_(3),ZrO_(2)and CeO_(2)modified Cu-ZnO catalysts by the co-precipitation method were prepared,and the influence mechanism of additives on the structure-performance relationship of the catalysts was systematically explored.Through a variety of characterization methods such as XRD,N2 physical adsorption-desorption,TEM,H_(2)-TPR,CO_(2)-TPD and XPS,combined with catalytic performance evaluation experiments,the correlation between the microstructure of catalysts and the reaction performance of CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol was analyzed in depth.The results show that metal additives significantly improve the performance of catalysts.After the introduction of additives,the specific surface area and pore volume of the catalysts increase,the grain size of Cu decreases,and its dispersion improves.The Ce-modified CZC catalyst exhibited the best performance,with the grain size of CuO as small as 11.41 nm,and the surface oxygen vacancy concentration(OⅡ/OⅠ=3.15)was significantly higher than that of other samples.The reaction performance test shows that under the conditions of 2.8 MPa,8000 h−1 and 280℃,the CO_(2)conversion of the CZC catalyst reached 18.83%,the methanol selectivity was 68.40%,and the methanol yield was 12.88%,all of which are superior to other catalysts.Its excellent performance can be attributed to the fact that CeO_(2)enhances the metal-support interaction,increases the surface basicity,promotes the adsorption and activation of CO_(2),and simultaneously inhibits the reverse water-gas shift side reaction.This study clarifies the structure-activity regulation mechanism of additive modification on Cu-ZnO catalysts,providing a theoretical basis and technical reference for the development of efficient catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol.
基金Supported by Design and Performance Study of High-flux Metal Hydride Reactor Based on the Bionic Optimization(2078262)the‘Four-Chain’Integration Project at the Qinchuangyuan Chief Platform(S2025-YF-ZDXM)。
文摘As one of the most promising new energy sources,hydrogen energy is expected to usher in a full-fledged“hydrogen economy”in the 21st century.Compared with traditional high-pressure gaseous and cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage methods,solid-state chemical hydrogen storage shows significant advantages in safety,high efficiency,and cost-effectiveness.Magnesium-based lightweight hydrogen storage materials have attracted widespread attention due to their high gravimetric hydrogen storage density(7.6%)and favorable reversibility.However,their sluggish reaction kinetics and stringent operating conditions(with H2 release temperatures exceeding 350°C and H2 absorption pressures above 4 MPa)pose major challenges for practical applications.Domestic and international researchers have conducted in-depth studies to address these issues,achieving substantial progress in the modification of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys.This paper systematically elaborates on major modification techniques such as alloying,nanostructuring,and catalytic material doping,providing a comprehensive analysis of the strengths and limitations of each approach.Furthermore,it offers prospects for the future development of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials by integrating current theoretical and experimental research findings.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52472132)Opening Project of Engineering Research Center of Eco-friendly Polymeric Materials,Ministry of Education(EFP-KF2403)Innovation Service Capability Support Plan of Xianyang(Science and Technology Innovation Talents)。
文摘Development of high performance,flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs)is critical for advancing self-powered sensing and microelectronic applications.In this study,a hydrogen-bond substitute strategy was employed to fabricate a multi-layer PENG based on a cellulose/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)blend film matrix,incorporating multi-phase BCZT(0.1BaZr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8)O_(3)-0.9Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3)TiO_(3))ceramic fillers.Structural characterization via SEM and TEM revealed that an intricate hydrogen-bond network facilitated the uniform dispersion of ceramic fillers within the composite film’s sub-layers.In order to study the effect of filler distribution on piezoelectric performance,the single-and double-layer composite films with varying BCZT configurations were produced and evaluated.The results demonstrated that double-layer PENGs exhibit significantly enhanced electrical output compared to their single-layer counterparts,with the D-L_(3)H_(7) configuration achieving an open circuit voltage(V_(OC))of 23.13 V and a short circuit current(I_(SC))of 8.32μA.This enhancement is attributed to increased inter-layer interfaces,which effectively suppressed charge injection and migration,leading to improved charge density.Additionally,the presence of sharp tipped hexagonal tetragonal phase nanoparticles induced an electric field enhancement effect,further optimizing performance.
基金Supported by CAS Basic and Interdisciplinary Frontier Scientific Research Pilot Project(XDB1190300,XDB1190302)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(Y2021056)+1 种基金Joint Fund of the Yulin University and the Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(YLU-DNL Fund 2022007)The special fund for Science and Technology Innovation Teams of Shanxi Province(202304051001007)。
文摘Cyclohexene is an important raw material in the production of nylon.Selective hydrogenation of benzene is a key method for preparing cyclohexene.However,the Ru catalysts used in current industrial processes still face challenges,including high metal usage,high process costs,and low cyclohexene yield.This study utilizes existing literature data combined with machine learning methods to analyze the factors influencing benzene conversion,cyclohexene selectivity,and yield in the benzene hydrogenation to cyclohexene reaction.It constructs predictive models based on XGBoost and Random Forest algorithms.After analysis,it was found that reaction time,Ru content,and space velocity are key factors influencing cyclohexene yield,selectivity,and benzene conversion.Shapley Additive Explanations(SHAP)analysis and feature importance analysis further revealed the contribution of each variable to the reaction outcomes.Additionally,we randomly generated one million variable combinations using the Dirichlet distribution to attempt to predict high-yield catalyst formulations.This paper provides new insights into the application of machine learning in heterogeneous catalysis and offers some reference for further research.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFE0138900)the “Scientific and Technical Innovation Action Plan” Basic Research Field of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (19JC1410500)。
文摘Ion-solvaing membranes(ISMs)have received extensive attention in recent years as a key component in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.This article provides an overview of structural composition,performance advan-tages,research progress,ion conduction mechanism and existing issues of ISMs,primarily classifying them according to the matrix structure.A detailed analysis of performance enhancement methods,key performance indicators of ISMs and performance influencing factors is also presented.The article contributes to further optimizing the design and application of ion-solvation membranes,providing theoretical support for the development of fields such as hydrogen production through electrolysis of water and electrochemical energy in the future.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB4104500,2023YFB4104502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22138013)the Taishan Scholar Project(ts201712020).
文摘Against the backdrop of escalating global climate change and energy crises,the resource utilization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),a major greenhouse gas,has become a crucial pathway for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.The hydrogenation of CO_(2)to methanol not only enables carbon sequestration and recycling,but also provides a route to produce high value-added fuels and basic chemical feedstocks,holding significant environmental and economic potential.However,this conversion process is thermodynamically and kinetically limited,and traditional catalyst systems(e.g.,Cu/ZnO/Al_(2)O_(3))exhibit inadequate activity,selectivity,and stability under mild conditions.Therefore,the development of novel high-performance catalysts with precisely tunable structures and functionalities is imperative.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),as crystalline porous materials with high surface area,tunable pore structures,and diverse metal-ligand compositions,have the great potential in CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysis.Their structural design flexibility allows for the construction of well-dispersed active sites,tailored electronic environments,and enhanced metal-support interactions.This review systematically summarizes the recent advances in MOF-based and MOF-derived catalysts for CO_(2)hydrogenation to methanol,focusing on four design strategies:(1)spatial confinement and in situ construction,(2)defect engineering and ion-exchange,(3)bimetallic synergy and hybrid structure design,and(4)MOF-derived nanomaterial synthesis.These approaches significantly improve CO_(2)conversion and methanol selectivity by optimizing metal dispersion,interfacial structures,and reaction pathways.The reaction mechanism is further explored by focusing on the three main reaction pathways:the formate pathway(HCOO*),the RWGS(Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction)+CO*hydrogenation pathway,and the trans-COOH pathway.In situ spectroscopic studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculations elucidate the formation and transformation of key intermediates,as well as the roles of active sites,metal-support interfaces,oxygen vacancies,and promoters.Additionally,representative catalytic performance data for MOFbased systems are compiled and compared,demonstrating their advantages over traditional catalysts in terms of CO_(2)conversion,methanol selectivity,and space-time yield.Future perspectives for MOF-based CO_(2)hydrogenation catalysts will prioritize two main directions:structural design and mechanistic understanding.The precise construction of active sites through multi-metallic synergy,defect engineering,and interfacial electronic modulation should be made to enhance catalyst selectivity and stability.In addition,advanced in situ characterization techniques combined with theoretical modeling are essential to unravel the detailed reaction mechanisms and intermediate behaviors,thereby guiding rational catalyst design.Moreover,to enable industrial application,challenges related to thermal/hydrothermal stability,catalyst recyclability,and cost-effective large-scale synthesis must be addressed.The development of green,scalable preparation methods and the integration of MOF catalysts into practical reaction systems(e.g.,flow reactors)will be crucial for bridging the gap between laboratory research and commercial deployment.Ultimately,multi-scale structure-performance optimization and catalytic system integration will be vital for accelerating the industrialization of MOF-based CO_(2)-to-methanol technologies.
文摘The efficiency and stability of catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution(PHE)are largely governed by the charge transfer behaviors across the heterojunction interfaces.In this study,CuO,a typical semiconductor featuring a broad spectral absorption range,is successfully employed as the electron acceptor to combine with CdS for constructing a S-scheme heterojunction.The optimized photocatalyst(CdSCuO2∶1)delivers an exceptional hydrogen evolution rate of 18.89 mmol/(g·h),4.15-fold higher compared with bare CdS.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflection absorption spectroscopy(UV-vis DRS)confirmed the S-scheme band structure of the composites.Moreover,the surface photovoltage(SPV)and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)indicated that the photogenerated electrons and photogenerated holes of CdS-CuO2∶1 were respectively transferred to the conduction band(CB)of CdS with a higher reduction potential and the valence band(VB)of CuO with a higher oxidation potential under illumination,as expected for the S-scheme mechanism.Density-functional-theory calculations of the electron density difference(EDD)disclose an interfacial electric field oriented from CdS to CuO.This built-in field suppresses charge recombination and accelerates carrier migration,rationalizing the markedly enhanced PHE activity.This study offers a novel strategy for designing S-scheme heterojunctions with high light harvesting and charge utilization toward sustainable solar-tohydrogen conversion.
文摘The Ni/SBA-15 catalysts were synthesized using the in situ method and the influence of crystallization temperature on nickel utilization efficiency-a critical factor in mesoporous material design-was systematically investigated.The structural characteristics and nickel anchoring capacity were analyzed using XRD,BET,FT-IR,H2-TPR,and ICP-OES.The results demonstrated that the crystallization temperature significantly affected the framework order of SBA-15 and the surface anchoring efficiency of Ni ions.The nickel utilization efficiency increased from 8.4%at 80℃ to 60.49%at 140℃,but then decreased to 47.25%at 160℃,indicating an optimal crystallization temperature window.This provides crucial guidance for tailoring high-performance metal-doped molecular sieves.The optimal catalyst exhibited excellent performance in the hydrogenation of 1,4-butynediol(BYD):the BYD conversion reached 97.25%with 88.99%selectivity of 1,4-butenediol(BED)within 5 h,and reached 99.73%with 87.34%selectivity of 1,4-butanediol(BDO)after 20 h reaction.These results revealed the critical role of crystallization temperature in metal utilization and provided theoretical support for designing highly active molecular sieve catalysts.
文摘In this study,polyacrylic acid(PAA)films were employed as a model system,and a series of PAA films with tunable water wettability was systematically prepared by varying molecular weight and curing temperature.Using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR),the molecular configurations of surface carboxyl groups(COOH),free carboxyl(COOH_(f))and hydrogen-bonded carboxyl(COOH_(HB),were directly correlated with the polar component of surface energy(γ^(s,p)).By decomposing theγ^(s,p)values of the PAA thin films as a sum of the contributions of COOH_(f)and COOH_(H B),the intrinsic polar component of surface energy of COOH_(H B)(γ_(H B)^(s,p*))was quantified for the first time as 8.34 mN/m,significantly lower than that of COOH_(f)(γ_(f)^(s,p*)=34 mN/m).This result highlights that hydrogen bonding markedly reduces theγ^(s,p),providing a rational explanation for the relatively large water contact angle observed on PAA thin films.Furthermore,it establishes a thermodynamic basis for estimating the fraction of surface COOH_(H B)groups(f H B)from wettability measurements.Further extension of the model to carboxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers(COOH-SAMs)revealed that surface COOH density(ΣCOOH)critically regulates wetting behavior:whenΣCOOH ranges from 4.30 to 5.25 nm^(-2),COOH groups predominantly exist in a free state and facilitate effective hydration layers,thereby promoting superhydrophilicity.Overall,this study not only establishes a unified thermodynamic framework linking surface COOH configurations to macroscopic wettability,but also validates its universality by extending it to COOH-SAMs systems,thereby providing a unified theoretical framework for the controllable design of hydrophilicity in various COOH-functionalized surfaces.
文摘https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/energy-and-buildings/vol/350/suppl/CV olume 350,1 January 2026[OA]( 1)Rooftop agrivoltaic powered onsite hydrogenp roduction for insulated gasochromic smart glazing and hydrogen vehicles:A holistic approach to sustainabler esidential building by Shanza Neda Hussain,Aritra Ghosh,Article 116675 A bstract:The study focused on designing a sustainable buildingi nvolving rooftop agrivoltaics,advanced glazing technologies ando nsite hydrogen production for a residential property in Birmingham,UK where green hydrogen produced by harnessinge lectricity generated by agrivoltaics system on rooftop of the building is employed to change the transparency of vacuum gasochromic glazing and refuel hydrogen-powered fuel cell vehicle using storage hydrogen for a sustainable building approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22271007,W2431014)Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School+2 种基金State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsShenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsShenzhen Bay Laboratory.
文摘Chiral benzylic amines are important motifs in medicines.A dicationic nickel complex of chiral diphosphine(R)-Ph-BPE promotes highly enantioselective reductive amination of aryl alkyl ketones with arylamines using isopropanol as hydrogen source.The reaction is easily scaled up in a gram-scale synthesis using 1 mol% nickel catalyst and it is applied to an asymmetric synthesis of(S)-rivastigmine.Building on this success,we achieved rare examples of asymmetric hydrogen borrowing reactions with arylamines using an Earth-abundant 3d metal,nickel.
文摘CO_(2)utilization powered by sustainable energy offers a promising route to mitigate carbon emissions while producing value-added chemicals[1].Among these pathways,CO_(2)hydrogenation is especially attractive because it integrates renewable H 2 with carbon resources,which have achieved notable success in producing methanol,CO,etc.[2,3].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2106216,51971121,52002228,22025108,U21A20327,and 22121001)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1504500 and 2024YFA1509500)+7 种基金the Major-Special Science and Technology Project in Shandong Province(2023ZLGX05)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province for Major Basic Research Project(ZR2022ZD12)the Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Innovation Project(22-3-3-hygg-27-hy)the Fundamental Research Fund for Central University(202141027)the Key R&D Plan of Shandong Province(2022JMRH0202)the Taishan Scholar of Climbing Plan(tspd20230603)the Taishan Scholar of Youth Plan(tsqn202211072)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2024MB065)。
文摘Ruthenium-based materials(Ru and RuO_(2))are promising electrocatalysts toward electrochemical water splitting(EWS)though there are still issues with them that needs to be resolved such as relatively strong adsorption strength of intermediates over Ru and oxidative dissolution of RuO_(2).In this article,an overview of the recent progress and challenges with Ru-based electrocatalysts for EWS is provided.Firstly,fundamentals of EWS are summarized from the aspects of reaction mechanisms and activity descriptors.Next,the typical methods of fabricating Ru-based catalysts are demonstrated mainly including hydrothermal/solvothermal syntheses,organic ligand-assisted syntheses,pyrolysis,acid etching,cation exchange methods and molten salt-assisted syntheses.We then focus on illustrating the enhancing strategies toward creating advanced Ru-based electrocatalysts by demonstrating the typical examples,which include alloying,doping,structure design,interface engineering,single-atom catalyst design,high-entropy alloy design,phase engineering and defecting engineering.In this section,the structureproperty correlation is elucidated aiming to the design of more efficient Ru-based electrocatalysts for EWS.Finally,we conclude the review by addressing the challenges and prospects of electrochemical water splitting and the development of Rubased catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22175136)the State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment(EIPE23127)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(xtr052024009).
文摘Metal hydrides with high hydrogen density provide promising hydrogen storage paths for hydrogen transportation.However,the requirement of highly pure H_(2)for re-hydrogenation limits its wide application.Here,amorphous Al_(2)O_(3)shells(10 nm)were deposited on the surface of highly active hydrogen storage material particles(MgH_(2)-ZrTi)by atomic layer deposition to obtain MgH_(2)-ZrTi@Al_(2)O_(3),which have been demonstrated to be air stable with selective adsorption of H_(2)under a hydrogen atmosphere with different impurities(CH_(4),O_(2),N_(2),and CO_(2)).About 4.79 wt% H_(2)was adsorbed by MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)at 75℃under 10%CH_(4)+90%H_(2)atmosphere within 3 h with no kinetic or density decay after 5 cycles(~100%capacity retention).Furthermore,about 4 wt%of H_(2)was absorbed by MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)under 0.1%O_(2)+0.4%N_(2)+99.5%H_(2)and 0.1%CO_(2)+0.4%N_(2)+99.5%H_(2)atmospheres at 100℃within 0.5 h,respectively,demonstrating the selective hydrogen absorption of MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)in both oxygen-containing and carbon dioxide-containing atmospheres hydrogen atmosphere.The absorption and desorption curves of MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)with and without absorption in pure hydrogen and then in 21%O_(2)+79%N_(2)for 1 h were found to overlap,further confirming the successful shielding effect of Al_(2)O_(3)shells against O_(2)and N_(2).The MgH_(2)-ZrTi@10nmAl_(2)O_(3)has been demonstrated to be air stable and have excellent selective hydrogen absorption performance under the atmosphere with CH_(4),O_(2),N_(2),and CO_(2).
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2022YFB3803703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52071141,52271212,52201250,51771056,22305104)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK20210893)the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China (No.G2023014022L)。
文摘Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2)) demonstrates immense potential as a solid-state hydrogen storage material,while its commercial utilization is impeded by the elevated operating temperature and sluggish reaction kinetics.Herein,a MOF derived multi-phase FeNi_(3)-S catalyst was specially designed for efficient hydrogen storage in MgH_(2).Experiments confirmed that the incorporation of FeNi_(3)-S into MgH_(2) significantly lowered the desorption temperature and accelerated the kinetics of hydrogen desorption and reabsorption.The initial dehydrogenation temperature of the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite was 202 ℃,which was 123 ℃ lower than that of pure MgH_(2).At 325 ℃,the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite released 6.57 wt% H_(2)(fully dehydrogenated) within 1000 s.Remarkably,MgH_(2)+ 10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite initiated rehydrogenation at room temperature and rapidly absorbed 2.49 wt% H_(2) within 30 min at 100 ℃.Moreover,6.3 wt% H_(2) was still retained after 20 cycles at 300 ℃,demonstrating the superior cycling performance of the MgH_(2)+10 wt% FeNi_(3)-S composite.The activation energy fitting calculations further evidenced the addition of FeNi_(3)-S enhanced the de/resorption kinetics of MgH_(2)(E_(a)= 98.6 k J/mol and 43.3 k J/mol,respectively).Through phase and microstructural analysis,it was determined that the exceptional hydrogen storage performance of the composite was attributed to the in-situ formation of Mg/Mg_(2)Ni + Fe/MgS and MgH_(2)/Mg_(2)NiH_(4)+Fe/MgS hydrogen storage systems.Further mechanistic analysis revealed that Mg_(2)Ni/Mg_(2)NiH_(4) served as “hydrogen pump” and Fe/Mg S served as “hydrogen diffusion channel”,thus accelerating the dissociation and recombination of hydrogen molecules.In conclusion,this work offers insight into catalysts combining transition metal alloys and transition metal sulfide for exerting muti-phase synergistic effect on boosting the dehydrogenation/hydrogenation reactions of MgH_(2),which can also inspire future pioneering work on designing and fabricating high efficient catalysts in other energy storage related areas.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFC2105300)。
文摘A series of leaching and electrochemical experiments were conducted to elucidate the critical role of hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)in copper-driven reduction of chalcopyrite.Results demonstrate that in the absence of H_(2)S,metallic copper converts chalcopyrite into bornite(Cu_(5)FeS_(4)).However,the introduction of H_(2)S promotes the formation of chalcocite(Cu_(2)S)by altering the oxidation pathway of copper.Electrochemical analysis demonstrates that the presence of H₂S significantly reduces the corrosion potential of copper from 0.251 to−0.223 V(vs SHE),reaching the threshold necessary for the formation of Cu_(2)S.Nevertheless,excessive H_(2)S triggers sulfate reduction via the reaction of 8Cu+H_(2)SO_(4)+3H_(2)S=4Cu_(2)S+4H_(2)O(ΔG=−519.429 kJ/mol at 50℃),leading to inefficient copper utilization.
文摘Molecular hydrogen(H2)demonstrates selective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with therapeutic potential across musculoskeletal conditions including osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis,exercise-induced muscle damage,chronic pain syndromes,tendinopathies,and muscle atrophy.This review critically evaluates preclinical and clinical evidence for H2 therapy and identifies research gaps.A comprehensive search of PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library(up to April 2025)yielded 45 eligible studies:25 preclinical and 20 clinical trials.Preclinical models consistently showed reductions in reactive oxygen species,inflammatory cytokines,and improved cell viability.Clinical trials reported symptomatic relief in osteoarthritis,decreased Disease Activity Score 28 in rheumatoid arthritis,and accelerated clearance of muscle damage markers.Delivery methods varied-hydrogen-rich water,gas inhalation,and saline infusion-hindering direct comparison.Mechanistic biomarkers were inconsistently reported,limiting understanding of target engagement.Common limitations included small sample sizes,short durations,and protocol heterogeneity.Despite these constraints,findings suggest H2 may serve as a promising adjunctive therapy via antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and cytoprotective mechanisms.Future research should prioritize standardized delivery protocols,robust mechanistic endpoints,and longer-term randomized trials to validate clinical efficacy and optimize therapeutic strategies.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA0400000),the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2021253)+1 种基金the Major Science and Technology Projects of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Limited during the 14th Five Year Plan(No.KJGG-2022-12-CCUS-030500)the Photon Science Center for Carbon Neutrality of Chinese Academy of Science.
文摘When the operating temperature of a solid oxide electrolysis cell(SOEC)is lower than the outlet temperature of a nuclear reactor,the reactor can be directly coupled with the SOEC as a high-temperature heat source.However,the key to the efficiency and return on investment of this hybrid energy system lies in the expected lifetime of the SOEC.This study assessed Ni-YSZ|YSZ|GDC|LSC fuel electrode support cells’long-term stability during electrolysis at 650℃with a current density of−0.5Acm^(−2)over 1818 h.The average voltage degradation rate of 2.63%kh^(−1)unfolded in two phases:an initial rapid decay(90 to 1120 h at 3.58%kh^(−1))and a stable decay(1120 to 1818 h at 2.14%kh^(−1)),emphasizing SOECs’probability coupling with nuclear reactors at 650℃.Post-1818-hour electrolysis revealed nickel particle formation associated with Ni(OH)_(x)diffusion and re-deposition,alongside a strontium-containing layer causing interface cracking.Despite minimal strontium segregation in the EDS,XPS data indicated surface segregation of Sr.This study provides crucial insights into prolonged SOEC operation,highlighting both its potential and challenges.
