Developing hydrogen energy is a key strategic pillar for global climate change mitigation and accelerating the energy transition.Currently,major economies globally are elevating hydrogen industry planning to national ...Developing hydrogen energy is a key strategic pillar for global climate change mitigation and accelerating the energy transition.Currently,major economies globally are elevating hydrogen industry planning to national energy strategy status,and international energy companies have begun to focus on developing hydrogen businesses.This study systematically reviews the development prospects,application fields,and strategic significance of hydrogen,summarizes the current status of the global hydrogen industry,analyzes the current development characteristics of the hydrogen industry,and reviews the hydrogen strategies of international energy companies.Finally,from a strategic,comprehensive,precise,and forward-looking perspective,it is suggested that China’s Energy enterprises promote the high-quality development of the hydrogen industry by overcoming bottlenecks across the entire hydrogen industry value chain,jointly driving industrial development from both the technology supply and demand sides,defining key development fields based on their respective strengths,and actively participating in international hydrogen energy trade.展开更多
Under the requirements of China's strategic goal of"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality",as a renewable,clean and efficient secondary energy source,hydrogen benefits from abundant resources,a wide varie...Under the requirements of China's strategic goal of"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality",as a renewable,clean and efficient secondary energy source,hydrogen benefits from abundant resources,a wide variety of sources,a high combustion calorific value,clean and non-polluting,various forms of utilization,energy storage mediums and good security,etc.It will become a realistic way to help energy,transportation,petrochemical and other fields to achieve deep decarbonization,and will turn into an important replacement energy source for China to build a modern clean energy system.It is clear that accelerating the development of hydrogen energy has become a global consensus.In order to provide a theoretical support for the accelerated transformation of hydrogen-related industries and energy companies,and provide a basis and reference for the construction of"Hydrogen Energy China",this paper describes main key technological progresses in the hydrogen industry chain such as hydrogen production,storage,transportation,and application.The status and development trends of hydrogen industrialization are analyzed,and then the challenges faced by the development of the hydrogen industry are discussed.At last,the development and future of the hydrogen industry are prospected.The following conclusions are achieved.(1)Hydrogen technologies of our country will become mature and enter the road of industrialization.The whole industry chain system of the hydrogen industry is gradually being formed,and will realize the leap-forward development from gray hydrogen,blue hydrogen to green hydrogen.(2)The overall development of the entire hydrogen industry chain such as hydrogen production,storage and transportation,fuel cells,hydrogen refueling stations and other scenarios should be accelerated.Besides,in depth integration and coordination with the oil and gas industry needs more attention,which will rapidly promote the high-quality development of the hydrogen industry system.(3)The promotion and implementation of major projects such as"north-east hydrogen transmission","west east hydrogen transmission","sea hydrogen landing",and utilization of infrastructures such as gas filling stations,can give full play to the innate advantages of oil and gas companies in industrial chain nodes such as hydrogen production and refueling,etc.,which can help to achieve the application of"oil,gas,hydrogen,and electricity"four-station joint construction,form a nationwide hydrogen resource guarantee system,and accelerate the planning and promotion of the"Hydrogen Energy China"strategy.展开更多
For over a decade,regenerative engineering has been defined as the convergence of advanced materials sciences,stem cell sciences,physics,developmental biology,and clinical translation for the regeneration of complex t...For over a decade,regenerative engineering has been defined as the convergence of advanced materials sciences,stem cell sciences,physics,developmental biology,and clinical translation for the regeneration of complex tissues.Recently,the field has made major strides because of new efforts made possible by the utilization of another growing field:artificial intelligence.However,there is currently no term to describe the use of artificial intelligence for regenerative engineering.Therefore,we hereby present a new term,“Regenerative Engineering AI”,which cohesively describes the interweaving of artificial intelligence into the framework of regenerative engineering rather than using it merely as a tool.As the first to define the term,regenerative engineering AI is the interdisciplinary integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning within the fundamental core of regenerative engineering to advance its principles and goals.It represents the subsequent synergetic relationship between the two that allow for multiplex solutions toward human limb regeneration in a manner different from individual fields and artificial intelligence alone.Establishing such a term creates a unique and unified space to consolidate the work of growing fields into one coherent discipline under a common goal and language,fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and promoting focused research and innovation.展开更多
Overuse of fossil fuels led to energy crises and pollution.Thus,alternative energy sources are needed.Hydrogen,with its clean and high-density traits,is seen as a future energy carrier.Producing hydrogen from electric...Overuse of fossil fuels led to energy crises and pollution.Thus,alternative energy sources are needed.Hydrogen,with its clean and high-density traits,is seen as a future energy carrier.Producing hydrogen from electricity can store renewable energy for a sustainable hydrogen economy.While much research on water electrolysis hydrogen production systems exists,comprehensive reviews of engineering applications are scarce.This review sums up progress and improvement strategies of common water electrolysis technologies(alkaline water electrolysis,proton exchange membrane water electrolysis,solid oxide water electrolysis,and anion exchange membrane water electrolysis,etc.),including component and material research and development.It also reviews these technologies by development and maturity,especially their engineering applications,discussing features and prospects.Bottlenecks of different technologies are compared and analyzed,and future directions are summarized.The aim is to link academic material research with industrial manufacturing.展开更多
文摘Developing hydrogen energy is a key strategic pillar for global climate change mitigation and accelerating the energy transition.Currently,major economies globally are elevating hydrogen industry planning to national energy strategy status,and international energy companies have begun to focus on developing hydrogen businesses.This study systematically reviews the development prospects,application fields,and strategic significance of hydrogen,summarizes the current status of the global hydrogen industry,analyzes the current development characteristics of the hydrogen industry,and reviews the hydrogen strategies of international energy companies.Finally,from a strategic,comprehensive,precise,and forward-looking perspective,it is suggested that China’s Energy enterprises promote the high-quality development of the hydrogen industry by overcoming bottlenecks across the entire hydrogen industry value chain,jointly driving industrial development from both the technology supply and demand sides,defining key development fields based on their respective strengths,and actively participating in international hydrogen energy trade.
文摘Under the requirements of China's strategic goal of"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality",as a renewable,clean and efficient secondary energy source,hydrogen benefits from abundant resources,a wide variety of sources,a high combustion calorific value,clean and non-polluting,various forms of utilization,energy storage mediums and good security,etc.It will become a realistic way to help energy,transportation,petrochemical and other fields to achieve deep decarbonization,and will turn into an important replacement energy source for China to build a modern clean energy system.It is clear that accelerating the development of hydrogen energy has become a global consensus.In order to provide a theoretical support for the accelerated transformation of hydrogen-related industries and energy companies,and provide a basis and reference for the construction of"Hydrogen Energy China",this paper describes main key technological progresses in the hydrogen industry chain such as hydrogen production,storage,transportation,and application.The status and development trends of hydrogen industrialization are analyzed,and then the challenges faced by the development of the hydrogen industry are discussed.At last,the development and future of the hydrogen industry are prospected.The following conclusions are achieved.(1)Hydrogen technologies of our country will become mature and enter the road of industrialization.The whole industry chain system of the hydrogen industry is gradually being formed,and will realize the leap-forward development from gray hydrogen,blue hydrogen to green hydrogen.(2)The overall development of the entire hydrogen industry chain such as hydrogen production,storage and transportation,fuel cells,hydrogen refueling stations and other scenarios should be accelerated.Besides,in depth integration and coordination with the oil and gas industry needs more attention,which will rapidly promote the high-quality development of the hydrogen industry system.(3)The promotion and implementation of major projects such as"north-east hydrogen transmission","west east hydrogen transmission","sea hydrogen landing",and utilization of infrastructures such as gas filling stations,can give full play to the innate advantages of oil and gas companies in industrial chain nodes such as hydrogen production and refueling,etc.,which can help to achieve the application of"oil,gas,hydrogen,and electricity"four-station joint construction,form a nationwide hydrogen resource guarantee system,and accelerate the planning and promotion of the"Hydrogen Energy China"strategy.
文摘For over a decade,regenerative engineering has been defined as the convergence of advanced materials sciences,stem cell sciences,physics,developmental biology,and clinical translation for the regeneration of complex tissues.Recently,the field has made major strides because of new efforts made possible by the utilization of another growing field:artificial intelligence.However,there is currently no term to describe the use of artificial intelligence for regenerative engineering.Therefore,we hereby present a new term,“Regenerative Engineering AI”,which cohesively describes the interweaving of artificial intelligence into the framework of regenerative engineering rather than using it merely as a tool.As the first to define the term,regenerative engineering AI is the interdisciplinary integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning within the fundamental core of regenerative engineering to advance its principles and goals.It represents the subsequent synergetic relationship between the two that allow for multiplex solutions toward human limb regeneration in a manner different from individual fields and artificial intelligence alone.Establishing such a term creates a unique and unified space to consolidate the work of growing fields into one coherent discipline under a common goal and language,fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and promoting focused research and innovation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22478423)for the support.
文摘Overuse of fossil fuels led to energy crises and pollution.Thus,alternative energy sources are needed.Hydrogen,with its clean and high-density traits,is seen as a future energy carrier.Producing hydrogen from electricity can store renewable energy for a sustainable hydrogen economy.While much research on water electrolysis hydrogen production systems exists,comprehensive reviews of engineering applications are scarce.This review sums up progress and improvement strategies of common water electrolysis technologies(alkaline water electrolysis,proton exchange membrane water electrolysis,solid oxide water electrolysis,and anion exchange membrane water electrolysis,etc.),including component and material research and development.It also reviews these technologies by development and maturity,especially their engineering applications,discussing features and prospects.Bottlenecks of different technologies are compared and analyzed,and future directions are summarized.The aim is to link academic material research with industrial manufacturing.
