Thrombosis is the major stumbling block to the clinical application of blood-contacting devices.Herein,a quick and easy surface engineering strategy of hydrogel coating with the therapeutic gas nitric oxide(NO)generat...Thrombosis is the major stumbling block to the clinical application of blood-contacting devices.Herein,a quick and easy surface engineering strategy of hydrogel coating with the therapeutic gas nitric oxide(NO)generation was reported to realize up-regulation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate(c GMP)and improve hemocompatibility for diverse metal materials.We first introduce the active centre selenocysteine of glutathione peroxidase(GPx)to the self-assembling peptide(RADA)4,obtaining a functionalized hydrogel.Then the hydrogel is directly coated on the 316L stainless steel(SS)for catalytically generating NO from endogenous s-nitrosothiols(RSNO).The generated NO endows the coated surface with regulation of platelet behavior and reduction of plasmatic coagulation activation and complement system activation,hence improving antithrombotic ability in vitro and ex vivo.Overall,our NO-generating hydrogel coating surface engineering strategy provides a novel solution to remove the obstacle about thrombosis of blood-contacting devices in clinic.展开更多
Neural electrodes,the core component of neural prostheses,are usually encapsulated in polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS）.However,PDMS can generate a tissue response after implantation.Based on the physicochemical properties...Neural electrodes,the core component of neural prostheses,are usually encapsulated in polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS）.However,PDMS can generate a tissue response after implantation.Based on the physicochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility of polyurethane（PU）and poly（vinyl alcohol）（PVA）when used as coating materials,we synthesized PU/PVA hydrogel coatings and coated the surface of PDMS using plasma treatment,and the cytocompatibility to rat pheochromocytoma（PC12）cells was assessed.Protein adsorption tests indicated that the amount of protein adsorption onto the PDMS substrate was reduced by 92%after coating with the hydrogel.Moreover,the PC12 cells on the PU/PVA-coated PDMS showed higher cell density and longer and more numerous neurites than those on the uncoated PDMS.These results indicate that the PU/PVA hydrogel is cytocompatible and a promising coating material for neural electrodes to improve their biocompatibility.展开更多
A hydrogel can be coated on various substrates to enable multiple functions.Potential applications include biomedical devices,anti-fouling surfaces and microfluidics.In practical use,hydrogel coatings are often submer...A hydrogel can be coated on various substrates to enable multiple functions.Potential applications include biomedical devices,anti-fouling surfaces and microfluidics.In practical use,hydrogel coatings are often submerged in fluids.The swell of hydrogel coating deteriorates the interfacial bonding with the substrate.This paper presents a stress analysis of a hydrogel coating on a cylindrical metal substrate.We adopt the thermodynamic theory coupling large deformation and water migration and formulate two boundary value problems for the coating-substrate system with and without an interfacial crack.The inhomogeneous stress fields in the hydrogel coating are obtained.The influences of modulus,thickness of the hydrogel coating on the maximum radial stress at the interface are analyzed.These results may guide the design of hydrogel coating to avoid interfacial failure.展开更多
Postharvest spoilage of fruits and vegetables leads to substantial economic losses and resource wastage,while attempts to mitigate this issue with chemical additives often lead to additional health and environmental c...Postharvest spoilage of fruits and vegetables leads to substantial economic losses and resource wastage,while attempts to mitigate this issue with chemical additives often lead to additional health and environmental con-cerns.Naturally occurring dietary nanofibrils have emerged as promising building blocks for the self-assembly of supramolecular hydrogels for sustainable alternatives in food preservation.This study introduced a multifunc-tional hydrogel coating,fabricated by co-assembly of oppositely charged lysozyme amyloid fibrils(LAFs)and glycyrrhetinic acid(GA)nanofibrils through electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding.The resultant nanofibrils hydrogel coating demonstrated outstanding gel strength,sprayable capacity,universal surface adhesion,antibacterial and antioxidant efficacy.Spraying cherry tomatoes and grapes with the developed hydrogel reduced the rate of weight loss and preserved the fruit samples hardness and total soluble solids content(TSS),thereby significantly prolonging the shelf life to at least 21 days for cherry tomatoes and grapes at ambient temperature.The developed nanofibrils hydrogel coating highlights the potential of naturally edible super-molecules in construction of sustainable,green fresh-keeping materials in perishable foods preservation.展开更多
Synthetic materials decorated with hydrogel coatings can accommodate the requirements of biological tissues for biocompatibility,lubricity,and flexibility.Nevertheless,these features may be subject to deterioration un...Synthetic materials decorated with hydrogel coatings can accommodate the requirements of biological tissues for biocompatibility,lubricity,and flexibility.Nevertheless,these features may be subject to deterioration under long-term severe friction conditions.Inspired by Ambystoma mexicanum,a regenerative hydrogel coating to circumventing existing notions of wear resistance is presented,which can maintain a long-term lubricated and soft surface through the utilization of increment substances under abiotic mechanisms.The term regenerative refers to a process of directional differentiation without the use of external raw materials,whereby a hydrophobic plastic(PDHEA)is transformed into a hydrophilic hydrogel(PHEA)coating in response to external stimulation.Such a regenerative hydrogel coating can not only be repaired after local wear and reborn after full wear,but also be adjusted with the thickness and mechanical properties according to specific engineering requirements during differentiation.Furthermore,the regenerative hydrogel coating is applied for the surgery of artificial cartilage,with potential clinical applications such as long-acting protection of bone tissue.展开更多
The application of antifouling paints to the surfaces of marine installations is the most economically efficient means for mitigating damage caused by marine biofouling in the shipping industry.However,conventional an...The application of antifouling paints to the surfaces of marine installations is the most economically efficient means for mitigating damage caused by marine biofouling in the shipping industry.However,conventional antifouling paints currently in widespread use can no longer meet the requirements of green antifouling.Although hydrogel coatings have made great progress in marine antifouling applications,current hydrogel coatings still suffer from construction difficulties and poor mechanical stability under wet conditions.In this paper,we innovatively exploit the phenomenon of the absorption of pyrogallol(PG)by large-molecular-weight polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),resulting in hydro-philic copolymer macromolecules,to propose a prepolymer-reactor rapid contact molding of sprayable hydrogel coatings.The PG/PVP copolymer produced microscopic reticular mimetic mussel adhesion protein(MAP)bioscaffolds via the chemical crosslinking of polyethyleneimine(PEI),contributed to the conversion of PG to PG-quinone upon the introduction of vanadium pentoxide particles,increased the hydrophobicity of the system and enhanced waterproof adhesion.The wet adhesion of the hydrogel coatings was measured up to 3.42 MPa via the micrometer scratch method,indicating that the prepared hydrogel coating had a stable adhesive force in a wet environment.The hydrogel coating was instantly molded on the surface of 304 stainless steel(SS)via two-step spraying.The swelling,friction,antifouling,and anticorrosion properties of the coatings were investigated along with the wet adhesion strength on the SS surfaces.The results showed that the hydrogel,after double cross-linking of PEI and V2O5,had a swelling rate within 30%and a low modulus along with stable lubricating properties.After the formation of the hydrogel coating,the inhibition rate of common bacteria and algae in the ocean reached more than 99%,and the electrochemical corrosion protection rate of SS reached 63.49%.This study provided ideas for improving the wet adhesion of hydrophilic marine antifouling coatings.展开更多
Zwitterions have aroused much interest to endow implantable medical devices with anti-fouling and anti-thrombosis performance,due to their ability to form a hydrated layer that can provide a good barrier against prote...Zwitterions have aroused much interest to endow implantable medical devices with anti-fouling and anti-thrombosis performance,due to their ability to form a hydrated layer that can provide a good barrier against protein and cell adhesion. Herein,tyramine modified sulfobetaine-derived sodium hyaluronan(HST) hydrogel coating was fabricated, in which hyaluronan(HA)was used as polysaccharide skeleton to graft zwitterionic sulfobetaine, and tyramine was introduced as crosslinker to construct both the network of hydrogel and a strong covalent bond between coating and substrate. Hydrogel coating was prepared by spin coating or painting HST prepolymer solution under ultraviolet light irradiation. The obtained HST hydrogel coating shows good stability. Moreover, in addition to its outstanding anti-fouling performance and good biocompatibility, it can effectively prevent thrombosis in blood circulation ex vivo. This work offers a universal strategy to prepare a high-performance anti-fouling and antithrombosis coating, which is expected to promote the development of functional coatings for biomedical materials.展开更多
Ideal percutaneous titanium implants request both antibacterial ability and soft tissue compatibility.ZnO structure constructed on titanium has been widely proved to be helpful to combat pathogen contamination,but the...Ideal percutaneous titanium implants request both antibacterial ability and soft tissue compatibility.ZnO structure constructed on titanium has been widely proved to be helpful to combat pathogen contamination,but the biosafety of ZnO is always questioned.How to maintain the remarkable antibacterial ability of ZnO and efficiently reduce the corresponding toxicity is still challenging.Herein,a hybrid hydrogel coating was constructed on the fabricated ZnO structure of titanium,and the coating was proved to be enzymatically-degradable when bacteria exist.Then the antibacterial activity of ZnO was presented.When under the normal condition(no bacteria),the hydrogel coating was stable and tightly adhered to titanium.The toxicity of ZnO was reduced,and the viability of fibroblasts was largely improved.More importantly,the hydrogel coating provided a good buffer zone for cell ingrowth and soft tissue integration.The curbed Zn ion release was also proved to be useful to regulate fibroblast responses such as the expression of CTGF and COL-I.These results were also validated by in vivo studies.Therefore,this study proposed a valid self-adaptive strategy for ZnO improvement.Under different conditions,the sample could present different functions,and both the antibacterial ability and soft tissue compatibility were finely preserved.展开更多
The arch wire(AW)plays an important role in providing continuous force,aligning the teeth,and excellent dental arch stability for orthodontic treatment.However,the high friction performance of the AW surface can incre...The arch wire(AW)plays an important role in providing continuous force,aligning the teeth,and excellent dental arch stability for orthodontic treatment.However,the high friction performance of the AW surface can increase bacterial adhesion and colonization,leading to oral hygiene problems.Herein,a simple method is developed to modify the surface of the orthodontic wire with a poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)hydrogel coating,which can improve the lubricity and antibacterial adhesion of the AW and prevent the oral hygiene problems caused by itself.The PVA hydrogel coating can toughly adhere to the surface of the AW and remarkably reduce the friction performance of the AW,and then its friction coefficient in water can reach 0.005.Under the action of brushing and bending,the PVA hydrogel coating possesses superior ultralubrication and hardly affects the mechanical properties of the stainless-steel substrate.Moreover,the PVA hydrogel coating can significantly inhibit bacterial adhesion on the surface of the AW,thereby reducing bacterial colonization and maintaining oral hygiene while correcting the shape of the mouth and jaw.Therefore,the PVA hydrogel coating exhibits tough adhesion and good antibacterial adhesion while maintaining the mechanical properties of the AW,and it is a promising antifouling coating for improving the performance of the AW.展开更多
Currently,many cancer patients with bone defects are still threatened by tumor recurrence,postoperative bacterial infection,and massive bone loss.Many methods have been studied to endow bone implants with biocompatibi...Currently,many cancer patients with bone defects are still threatened by tumor recurrence,postoperative bacterial infection,and massive bone loss.Many methods have been studied to endow bone implants with biocompatibility,but it is difficult to find an implant material that can simultaneously solve the problems of anticancer,antibacterial and bone promotion.Here,a multifunctional gelatin methacrylate/dopamine methacrylate adhesive hydrogel coating containing 2D black phosphorus(BP)nanoparticle protected by polydopamine(pBP)is prepared by photocrosslinking to modify the surface of poly(aryl ether nitrile ketone)containing phthalazinone(PPENK)implant.The multifunctional hydrogel coating works in conjunction with pBP,which can deliver drug through photothermal mediation and kill bacteria through photodynamic therapy at the initial phase followed by promotion of osteointegration.In this design,photothermal effect of pBP control the release of doxorubicin hydrochloride loaded via electrostatic attraction.Meanwhile,pBP can generate reactive oxygen species(ROS)to eliminate bacterial infection under 808 nm laser.In the slow degradation process,pBP not only effectively consumes excess ROS and avoid apoptosis induced by ROS in normal cells,but also degrade into PO43to promote osteogenesis.In summary,nanocomposite hydrogel coatings provide a promising strategy for treatment of cancer patients with bone defects.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82072072,32171326 and 31800795)the International Cooperation Project by the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2021YFH0056)+1 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2021JDRC0160)the High-level Talents Research and Development Program of Affiliated Dongguan Hospital(No.K202102)。
文摘Thrombosis is the major stumbling block to the clinical application of blood-contacting devices.Herein,a quick and easy surface engineering strategy of hydrogel coating with the therapeutic gas nitric oxide(NO)generation was reported to realize up-regulation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate(c GMP)and improve hemocompatibility for diverse metal materials.We first introduce the active centre selenocysteine of glutathione peroxidase(GPx)to the self-assembling peptide(RADA)4,obtaining a functionalized hydrogel.Then the hydrogel is directly coated on the 316L stainless steel(SS)for catalytically generating NO from endogenous s-nitrosothiols(RSNO).The generated NO endows the coated surface with regulation of platelet behavior and reduction of plasmatic coagulation activation and complement system activation,hence improving antithrombotic ability in vitro and ex vivo.Overall,our NO-generating hydrogel coating surface engineering strategy provides a novel solution to remove the obstacle about thrombosis of blood-contacting devices in clinic.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81170768grant from the Fundamental Research Project of Shanxi Province of China,No.2015021079
文摘Neural electrodes,the core component of neural prostheses,are usually encapsulated in polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS）.However,PDMS can generate a tissue response after implantation.Based on the physicochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility of polyurethane（PU）and poly（vinyl alcohol）（PVA）when used as coating materials,we synthesized PU/PVA hydrogel coatings and coated the surface of PDMS using plasma treatment,and the cytocompatibility to rat pheochromocytoma（PC12）cells was assessed.Protein adsorption tests indicated that the amount of protein adsorption onto the PDMS substrate was reduced by 92%after coating with the hydrogel.Moreover,the PC12 cells on the PU/PVA-coated PDMS showed higher cell density and longer and more numerous neurites than those on the uncoated PDMS.These results indicate that the PU/PVA hydrogel is cytocompatible and a promising coating material for neural electrodes to improve their biocompatibility.
基金the support of the National Natural Foundation of China(Grants 11922210 and 11772249)the support of the National Natural Foundation of China(Grant 12002255).
文摘A hydrogel can be coated on various substrates to enable multiple functions.Potential applications include biomedical devices,anti-fouling surfaces and microfluidics.In practical use,hydrogel coatings are often submerged in fluids.The swell of hydrogel coating deteriorates the interfacial bonding with the substrate.This paper presents a stress analysis of a hydrogel coating on a cylindrical metal substrate.We adopt the thermodynamic theory coupling large deformation and water migration and formulate two boundary value problems for the coating-substrate system with and without an interfacial crack.The inhomogeneous stress fields in the hydrogel coating are obtained.The influences of modulus,thickness of the hydrogel coating on the maximum radial stress at the interface are analyzed.These results may guide the design of hydrogel coating to avoid interfacial failure.
基金supported by the Sichuan Normal University Talent Project(No.kyqd20230944)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2023NSFSC1204).
文摘Postharvest spoilage of fruits and vegetables leads to substantial economic losses and resource wastage,while attempts to mitigate this issue with chemical additives often lead to additional health and environmental con-cerns.Naturally occurring dietary nanofibrils have emerged as promising building blocks for the self-assembly of supramolecular hydrogels for sustainable alternatives in food preservation.This study introduced a multifunc-tional hydrogel coating,fabricated by co-assembly of oppositely charged lysozyme amyloid fibrils(LAFs)and glycyrrhetinic acid(GA)nanofibrils through electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding.The resultant nanofibrils hydrogel coating demonstrated outstanding gel strength,sprayable capacity,universal surface adhesion,antibacterial and antioxidant efficacy.Spraying cherry tomatoes and grapes with the developed hydrogel reduced the rate of weight loss and preserved the fruit samples hardness and total soluble solids content(TSS),thereby significantly prolonging the shelf life to at least 21 days for cherry tomatoes and grapes at ambient temperature.The developed nanofibrils hydrogel coating highlights the potential of naturally edible super-molecules in construction of sustainable,green fresh-keeping materials in perishable foods preservation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22335008)The authors thank Mr.Zhenhao Wang and Dr.Yingchao Ma for photography.Antong Ma and Zhaoxiang Yang contribute equally to this work.
文摘Synthetic materials decorated with hydrogel coatings can accommodate the requirements of biological tissues for biocompatibility,lubricity,and flexibility.Nevertheless,these features may be subject to deterioration under long-term severe friction conditions.Inspired by Ambystoma mexicanum,a regenerative hydrogel coating to circumventing existing notions of wear resistance is presented,which can maintain a long-term lubricated and soft surface through the utilization of increment substances under abiotic mechanisms.The term regenerative refers to a process of directional differentiation without the use of external raw materials,whereby a hydrophobic plastic(PDHEA)is transformed into a hydrophilic hydrogel(PHEA)coating in response to external stimulation.Such a regenerative hydrogel coating can not only be repaired after local wear and reborn after full wear,but also be adjusted with the thickness and mechanical properties according to specific engineering requirements during differentiation.Furthermore,the regenerative hydrogel coating is applied for the surgery of artificial cartilage,with potential clinical applications such as long-acting protection of bone tissue.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52275209 and 51905468)the Jiangsu Province Graduate Student Practice and Innovation Program(No.SJCX23_1912).
文摘The application of antifouling paints to the surfaces of marine installations is the most economically efficient means for mitigating damage caused by marine biofouling in the shipping industry.However,conventional antifouling paints currently in widespread use can no longer meet the requirements of green antifouling.Although hydrogel coatings have made great progress in marine antifouling applications,current hydrogel coatings still suffer from construction difficulties and poor mechanical stability under wet conditions.In this paper,we innovatively exploit the phenomenon of the absorption of pyrogallol(PG)by large-molecular-weight polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),resulting in hydro-philic copolymer macromolecules,to propose a prepolymer-reactor rapid contact molding of sprayable hydrogel coatings.The PG/PVP copolymer produced microscopic reticular mimetic mussel adhesion protein(MAP)bioscaffolds via the chemical crosslinking of polyethyleneimine(PEI),contributed to the conversion of PG to PG-quinone upon the introduction of vanadium pentoxide particles,increased the hydrophobicity of the system and enhanced waterproof adhesion.The wet adhesion of the hydrogel coatings was measured up to 3.42 MPa via the micrometer scratch method,indicating that the prepared hydrogel coating had a stable adhesive force in a wet environment.The hydrogel coating was instantly molded on the surface of 304 stainless steel(SS)via two-step spraying.The swelling,friction,antifouling,and anticorrosion properties of the coatings were investigated along with the wet adhesion strength on the SS surfaces.The results showed that the hydrogel,after double cross-linking of PEI and V2O5,had a swelling rate within 30%and a low modulus along with stable lubricating properties.After the formation of the hydrogel coating,the inhibition rate of common bacteria and algae in the ocean reached more than 99%,and the electrochemical corrosion protection rate of SS reached 63.49%.This study provided ideas for improving the wet adhesion of hydrophilic marine antifouling coatings.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFC1105500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U20A20261,31870948,31971250,and 52073205)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (Grant Nos. 20JCYBJC00660 and 21JCYBJC00560)。
文摘Zwitterions have aroused much interest to endow implantable medical devices with anti-fouling and anti-thrombosis performance,due to their ability to form a hydrated layer that can provide a good barrier against protein and cell adhesion. Herein,tyramine modified sulfobetaine-derived sodium hyaluronan(HST) hydrogel coating was fabricated, in which hyaluronan(HA)was used as polysaccharide skeleton to graft zwitterionic sulfobetaine, and tyramine was introduced as crosslinker to construct both the network of hydrogel and a strong covalent bond between coating and substrate. Hydrogel coating was prepared by spin coating or painting HST prepolymer solution under ultraviolet light irradiation. The obtained HST hydrogel coating shows good stability. Moreover, in addition to its outstanding anti-fouling performance and good biocompatibility, it can effectively prevent thrombosis in blood circulation ex vivo. This work offers a universal strategy to prepare a high-performance anti-fouling and antithrombosis coating, which is expected to promote the development of functional coatings for biomedical materials.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51825302,21734002&52021004)the State Key Project of Research and Development(Grant No.2016YFC1100300&2017YFB0702603).
文摘Ideal percutaneous titanium implants request both antibacterial ability and soft tissue compatibility.ZnO structure constructed on titanium has been widely proved to be helpful to combat pathogen contamination,but the biosafety of ZnO is always questioned.How to maintain the remarkable antibacterial ability of ZnO and efficiently reduce the corresponding toxicity is still challenging.Herein,a hybrid hydrogel coating was constructed on the fabricated ZnO structure of titanium,and the coating was proved to be enzymatically-degradable when bacteria exist.Then the antibacterial activity of ZnO was presented.When under the normal condition(no bacteria),the hydrogel coating was stable and tightly adhered to titanium.The toxicity of ZnO was reduced,and the viability of fibroblasts was largely improved.More importantly,the hydrogel coating provided a good buffer zone for cell ingrowth and soft tissue integration.The curbed Zn ion release was also proved to be useful to regulate fibroblast responses such as the expression of CTGF and COL-I.These results were also validated by in vivo studies.Therefore,this study proposed a valid self-adaptive strategy for ZnO improvement.Under different conditions,the sample could present different functions,and both the antibacterial ability and soft tissue compatibility were finely preserved.
基金Excellent Youth Fund Project of Henan Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.202300410166)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22202051)+2 种基金the Major Project of WIUCAS(Grant Nos.WIUCASQD2021004 and WIUCASQD2021035)the Project of Wenzhou Key Lab(Grant No.2021HZSY0069)the Science Foundation of Oujiang Laboratory(Grant No.OJQDSP2022018)。
文摘The arch wire(AW)plays an important role in providing continuous force,aligning the teeth,and excellent dental arch stability for orthodontic treatment.However,the high friction performance of the AW surface can increase bacterial adhesion and colonization,leading to oral hygiene problems.Herein,a simple method is developed to modify the surface of the orthodontic wire with a poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)hydrogel coating,which can improve the lubricity and antibacterial adhesion of the AW and prevent the oral hygiene problems caused by itself.The PVA hydrogel coating can toughly adhere to the surface of the AW and remarkably reduce the friction performance of the AW,and then its friction coefficient in water can reach 0.005.Under the action of brushing and bending,the PVA hydrogel coating possesses superior ultralubrication and hardly affects the mechanical properties of the stainless-steel substrate.Moreover,the PVA hydrogel coating can significantly inhibit bacterial adhesion on the surface of the AW,thereby reducing bacterial colonization and maintaining oral hygiene while correcting the shape of the mouth and jaw.Therefore,the PVA hydrogel coating exhibits tough adhesion and good antibacterial adhesion while maintaining the mechanical properties of the AW,and it is a promising antifouling coating for improving the performance of the AW.
基金supported by Ningbo Key Research and Development Program(No.2022Z143)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1837205)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University(No.DUT22LAB605).
文摘Currently,many cancer patients with bone defects are still threatened by tumor recurrence,postoperative bacterial infection,and massive bone loss.Many methods have been studied to endow bone implants with biocompatibility,but it is difficult to find an implant material that can simultaneously solve the problems of anticancer,antibacterial and bone promotion.Here,a multifunctional gelatin methacrylate/dopamine methacrylate adhesive hydrogel coating containing 2D black phosphorus(BP)nanoparticle protected by polydopamine(pBP)is prepared by photocrosslinking to modify the surface of poly(aryl ether nitrile ketone)containing phthalazinone(PPENK)implant.The multifunctional hydrogel coating works in conjunction with pBP,which can deliver drug through photothermal mediation and kill bacteria through photodynamic therapy at the initial phase followed by promotion of osteointegration.In this design,photothermal effect of pBP control the release of doxorubicin hydrochloride loaded via electrostatic attraction.Meanwhile,pBP can generate reactive oxygen species(ROS)to eliminate bacterial infection under 808 nm laser.In the slow degradation process,pBP not only effectively consumes excess ROS and avoid apoptosis induced by ROS in normal cells,but also degrade into PO43to promote osteogenesis.In summary,nanocomposite hydrogel coatings provide a promising strategy for treatment of cancer patients with bone defects.
