Shale samples of Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Changning area of the Sichuan Basin, SW China, were selected to carry out scanning electron microscopy, CT imaging, high-pressure mercury injection, low-temperature ...Shale samples of Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Changning area of the Sichuan Basin, SW China, were selected to carry out scanning electron microscopy, CT imaging, high-pressure mercury injection, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and imbibition experiments to compare the hydration characteristics of montmorillonite and illite, analyze the main factors affecting the water block removal of shale, and reveal the mechanisms of pore structure evolution during shale hydration. The hydration characteristics of shale are closely related to the composition of clay minerals, the shale with high illite content is not susceptible to hydration and thus has limited room for pore structure improvement;the shale with high montmorillonite is susceptible to hydration expansion and thus has higher potential of pore structure improvement by stimulation;the shale with high illite content has stronger imbibition in the initial stage, but insufficient diffusion ability, and thus is likely to have water block;the shale with high montmorillonite content has weaker imbibition in the initial stage but better water diffusion, so water blocking in this kind of shale can be removed to some degree;the shale reservoir has an optimal hydration time, when it is best in physical properties, but hydration time too long would cause damage to the reservoir, and the shale with high illite content has a shorter optimal hydration time;inorganic cations can inhibit the hydration of clay minerals and have stronger inhibition to illite expansion, especially K^(+);for the reservoir with high content of montmorillonite, the cation content of fracturing fluid can be lowered to promote the shale hydration;fracturing fluid with high K^(+) content can be injected into reservoirs with high illite content to suppress hydration.展开更多
As a 3D micro-nano material, layered double hydroxides have been widely used in many fields, especially for reinforced composite materials. In this paper, Li Al-LDHs was obtained by a hydrothermal method. In order to ...As a 3D micro-nano material, layered double hydroxides have been widely used in many fields, especially for reinforced composite materials. In this paper, Li Al-LDHs was obtained by a hydrothermal method. In order to investigate the effects of Li Al-LDHs on the early hydration of calcium sulphoaluminate（CSA） cement paste, compressive strength, setting time and hydration heat were tested while X-ray diffraction（XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, scaning electron microscopy（SEM） and differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） analysis were employed. The results indicated that Li Al-LDHs could significantly improve the early compressive strength and shorten the setting time of calcium sulphoaluminate cement paste with 3 wt% concentration. Besides, the hydration exothermic rate within 5h was accelerated with increasing Li Al-LDHs content. Moreover, the addition of Li Al-LDHs did not result in the formation of a new phase, but increased the quantity of hydration products providing higher compressive strength, shorter setting time and denser microstructure.展开更多
Pitch and tar bonded dolomite bricks are extensively used in ladles and converters for long time because of their superior properties such as. steel melt refining, easy production as well as low production cost. Recen...Pitch and tar bonded dolomite bricks are extensively used in ladles and converters for long time because of their superior properties such as. steel melt refining, easy production as well as low production cost. Recently, resin bonded dolomite bricks are presented for using in steel plants. Generally, quality and final cost of steels are affected by properties of refractories especially dolomite bricks. Therefore, recognition of influence parameters on dolomite refractory properties is very important. In this study, the effects of tar and resin as bonding systems, and addition of graphite （ 2wt% ） on the properties of dolomite refractory bricks have been investigated. Properties such as ： density and porosity, cold crushing strength, hydration time and depth of slag penetration have been studied. Results show that the bonding sys- tems and graphite have a great effect on the mentioned properties especially cold crushing strength and hydra- tion time. In addition to their low rate of pollution, resin bonded dolomite bricks show higher performance with proper technical specifications.展开更多
This study is dedicated to examine predictive ability of neural computing environments,based on artificial neural network(ANN)and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)strategies,for integrated simulation of ult...This study is dedicated to examine predictive ability of neural computing environments,based on artificial neural network(ANN)and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)strategies,for integrated simulation of ultrasound-assisted hydration kinetics of wheat kernel.Hydration process was accomplished at five hydration temperatures of 30,40,50,60 and 70C in ultrasonication conditions named control(without ultrasound treatment),US1(25 kHz,360 W)and US2(40 kHz,480 W).The hydration temperature,ultrasonication condition,and hydration time were used as input variables and moisture content was taken as output variable in the neural computing simulation environments.On account of statistical performance criteria,the distinguished ANFIS simulation environment with coefficient of determination of 0.991,root mean square error of 2.478%d.b.,mean relative deviation modulus of 4.301%and average of absolute values of simulation residual errors of 1.863%d.b.was better performed than the distinguished ANN simulation environment.The ANFIS simulation results showed that individual or simultaneous increment of hydration temperature and hydration time caused nonlinear increment of moisture content at any given ultrasonication condition.Moreover,physical perception obtained from the integrated ANFIS simulation results indicated congruency effect(sponge and acoustic cavitation)of cutting-edge ultrasound technology on water absorption.The ANFIS simulation results improved the state of art in domain of studying ultrasoundassisted hydration process of wheat.Therefore,the distinguished ANFIS simulation environment is suggested to be served as an effective step towards management of ultrasound-assisted hydration process of wheat in seed priming,flour milling(tempering),making dough,and wet storage processes.展开更多
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Sichuan Province,China(2020YJ0135)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51874250)。
文摘Shale samples of Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Changning area of the Sichuan Basin, SW China, were selected to carry out scanning electron microscopy, CT imaging, high-pressure mercury injection, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and imbibition experiments to compare the hydration characteristics of montmorillonite and illite, analyze the main factors affecting the water block removal of shale, and reveal the mechanisms of pore structure evolution during shale hydration. The hydration characteristics of shale are closely related to the composition of clay minerals, the shale with high illite content is not susceptible to hydration and thus has limited room for pore structure improvement;the shale with high montmorillonite is susceptible to hydration expansion and thus has higher potential of pore structure improvement by stimulation;the shale with high illite content has stronger imbibition in the initial stage, but insufficient diffusion ability, and thus is likely to have water block;the shale with high montmorillonite content has weaker imbibition in the initial stage but better water diffusion, so water blocking in this kind of shale can be removed to some degree;the shale reservoir has an optimal hydration time, when it is best in physical properties, but hydration time too long would cause damage to the reservoir, and the shale with high illite content has a shorter optimal hydration time;inorganic cations can inhibit the hydration of clay minerals and have stronger inhibition to illite expansion, especially K^(+);for the reservoir with high content of montmorillonite, the cation content of fracturing fluid can be lowered to promote the shale hydration;fracturing fluid with high K^(+) content can be injected into reservoirs with high illite content to suppress hydration.
基金Funded by the National Natural Sciense Foundation of China(No.51272068)
文摘As a 3D micro-nano material, layered double hydroxides have been widely used in many fields, especially for reinforced composite materials. In this paper, Li Al-LDHs was obtained by a hydrothermal method. In order to investigate the effects of Li Al-LDHs on the early hydration of calcium sulphoaluminate（CSA） cement paste, compressive strength, setting time and hydration heat were tested while X-ray diffraction（XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, scaning electron microscopy（SEM） and differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） analysis were employed. The results indicated that Li Al-LDHs could significantly improve the early compressive strength and shorten the setting time of calcium sulphoaluminate cement paste with 3 wt% concentration. Besides, the hydration exothermic rate within 5h was accelerated with increasing Li Al-LDHs content. Moreover, the addition of Li Al-LDHs did not result in the formation of a new phase, but increased the quantity of hydration products providing higher compressive strength, shorter setting time and denser microstructure.
文摘Pitch and tar bonded dolomite bricks are extensively used in ladles and converters for long time because of their superior properties such as. steel melt refining, easy production as well as low production cost. Recently, resin bonded dolomite bricks are presented for using in steel plants. Generally, quality and final cost of steels are affected by properties of refractories especially dolomite bricks. Therefore, recognition of influence parameters on dolomite refractory properties is very important. In this study, the effects of tar and resin as bonding systems, and addition of graphite （ 2wt% ） on the properties of dolomite refractory bricks have been investigated. Properties such as ： density and porosity, cold crushing strength, hydration time and depth of slag penetration have been studied. Results show that the bonding sys- tems and graphite have a great effect on the mentioned properties especially cold crushing strength and hydra- tion time. In addition to their low rate of pollution, resin bonded dolomite bricks show higher performance with proper technical specifications.
文摘This study is dedicated to examine predictive ability of neural computing environments,based on artificial neural network(ANN)and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)strategies,for integrated simulation of ultrasound-assisted hydration kinetics of wheat kernel.Hydration process was accomplished at five hydration temperatures of 30,40,50,60 and 70C in ultrasonication conditions named control(without ultrasound treatment),US1(25 kHz,360 W)and US2(40 kHz,480 W).The hydration temperature,ultrasonication condition,and hydration time were used as input variables and moisture content was taken as output variable in the neural computing simulation environments.On account of statistical performance criteria,the distinguished ANFIS simulation environment with coefficient of determination of 0.991,root mean square error of 2.478%d.b.,mean relative deviation modulus of 4.301%and average of absolute values of simulation residual errors of 1.863%d.b.was better performed than the distinguished ANN simulation environment.The ANFIS simulation results showed that individual or simultaneous increment of hydration temperature and hydration time caused nonlinear increment of moisture content at any given ultrasonication condition.Moreover,physical perception obtained from the integrated ANFIS simulation results indicated congruency effect(sponge and acoustic cavitation)of cutting-edge ultrasound technology on water absorption.The ANFIS simulation results improved the state of art in domain of studying ultrasoundassisted hydration process of wheat.Therefore,the distinguished ANFIS simulation environment is suggested to be served as an effective step towards management of ultrasound-assisted hydration process of wheat in seed priming,flour milling(tempering),making dough,and wet storage processes.
