Porous hydrogel sensors have attracted significant attention in fields such as smart wearables and medical monitoring due to their high sensitivity.However,existing fabrication methods typically degrade the surface sm...Porous hydrogel sensors have attracted significant attention in fields such as smart wearables and medical monitoring due to their high sensitivity.However,existing fabrication methods typically degrade the surface smoothness of hydrogels when introducing porous structures and face significant challenges in removing fillers completely.To address these challenges,we herein introduce a novel one-step,thermosensitive spray-coating technique for the preparation of aircell hydrogel(ACH).This method leverages the rapid cooling of a thermoresponsive gelatin methacryloyl solution through atomization,enabling rapid cross-linking within seconds and air bubbles encapsulated in situ.Additionally,the transient flow of the pre-gel facilitates the repair of voids formed by ruptured surface bubbles,leading to the creation of the ACH with uniformly distributed inner air bubbles and a smooth outer surface.The mold-free fabrication method is independent of substrate surface properties,enabling the creation of a porous hydrogel film with a thickness as thin as 163 µm.Furthermore,the dual-crosslinked network endows the ACH with excellent anti-swelling properties,and the physical crosslinking between gelatin molecules allows the ACH to self-heal.The ACH exhibits excellent sensitivity in deformation sensing and can even successfully track minor external forces,which enables it to effectively complete various tasks such as facial expression recognition,pitch differentiation,and motion detection.By integrating the ACH into a sensing glove,we also demonstrate the significant potential of the ACH for applications in human-machine interaction and tactile sensing.Ultimately,the ACH sensors are also applied to motion mapping and machine tactile feedback,indicating their promising potential in human-machine interaction.展开更多
Rock discontinuities control rock mechanical behaviors and significantly influence the stability of rock masses.However,existing discontinuity mapping algorithms are susceptible to noise,and the calculation results ca...Rock discontinuities control rock mechanical behaviors and significantly influence the stability of rock masses.However,existing discontinuity mapping algorithms are susceptible to noise,and the calculation results cannot be fed back to users timely.To address this issue,we proposed a human-machine interaction(HMI)method for discontinuity mapping.Users can help the algorithm identify the noise and make real-time result judgments and parameter adjustments.For this,a regular cube was selected to illustrate the workflows:(1)point cloud was acquired using remote sensing;(2)the HMI method was employed to select reference points and angle thresholds to detect group discontinuity;(3)individual discontinuities were extracted from the group discontinuity using a density-based cluster algorithm;and(4)the orientation of each discontinuity was measured based on a plane fitting algorithm.The method was applied to a well-studied highway road cut and a complex natural slope.The consistency of the computational results with field measurements demonstrates its good accuracy,and the average error in the dip direction and dip angle for both cases was less than 3.Finally,the computational time of the proposed method was compared with two other popular algorithms,and the reduction in computational time by tens of times proves its high computational efficiency.This method provides geologists and geological engineers with a new idea to map rapidly and accurately rock structures under large amounts of noises or unclear features.展开更多
Electromyography(EMG)has already been broadly used in human-machine interaction(HMI)applications.Determining how to decode the information inside EMG signals robustly and accurately is a key problem for which we urgen...Electromyography(EMG)has already been broadly used in human-machine interaction(HMI)applications.Determining how to decode the information inside EMG signals robustly and accurately is a key problem for which we urgently need a solution.Recently,many EMG pattern recognition tasks have been addressed using deep learning methods.In this paper,we analyze recent papers and present a literature review describing the role that deep learning plays in EMG-based HMI.An overview of typical network structures and processing schemes will be provided.Recent progress in typical tasks such as movement classification,joint angle prediction,and force/torque estimation will be introduced.New issues,including multimodal sensing,inter-subject/inter-session,and robustness toward disturbances will be discussed.We attempt to provide a comprehensive analysis of current research by discussing the advantages,challenges,and opportunities brought by deep learning.We hope that deep learning can aid in eliminating factors that hinder the development of EMG-based HMI systems.Furthermore,possible future directions will be presented to pave the way for future research.展开更多
Hydrogel-based triboelectric nanoge nerator(TENG)has a promising applied prospect in wearable electronic devices.However,its low performance,poor stability,insufficient recyclability and inferior self-healing seriousl...Hydrogel-based triboelectric nanoge nerator(TENG)has a promising applied prospect in wearable electronic devices.However,its low performance,poor stability,insufficient recyclability and inferior self-healing seriously hinder its development.Herein,we report a robust route to a liquid metal(LM)/polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)hydrogel-based TENG(LP-TENG).Owing to the intrinsically liquid feature of conductive LM within the flexible PVA hydrogel,the as-prepared LP-TENG exhibited comprehensiye advantages of adaptability,biocompatibility,outstanding electrical performance,superior stability,recyclability and diverse applications,which were unattainable by traditional systems.Concretely,the LP-TENG delivered appealing open circuit voltage of 250 V,short circuit current of 4μA and transferred charge of 120 nC with high stability,outperforming most advanced TENG systems.The LP-TENG was successfully employed for versatile applications with multifunctionality,including human motion detection,handwriting recognition,energy collection,message transmission and human-machine interaction.This work presents significant prospects for crafting advanced materials and devices in the fields of wearable electronics,flexible skin and smart robots.展开更多
Speech recognition rate will deteriorate greatly in human-machine interaction when the speaker's speech mixes with a bystander's voice. This paper proposes a time-frequency approach for Blind Source Seperation...Speech recognition rate will deteriorate greatly in human-machine interaction when the speaker's speech mixes with a bystander's voice. This paper proposes a time-frequency approach for Blind Source Seperation (BSS) for intelligent Human-Machine Interaction(HMI). Main idea of the algorithm is to simultaneously diagonalize the correlation matrix of the pre-whitened signals at different time delays for every frequency bins in time-frequency domain. The prososed method has two merits: (1) fast convergence speed; (2) high signal to interference ratio of the separated signals. Numerical evaluations are used to compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with two other deconvolution algorithms. An efficient algorithm to resolve permutation ambiguity is also proposed in this paper. The algorithm proposed saves more than 10% of computational time with properly selected parameters and achieves good performances for both simulated convolutive mixtures and real room recorded speeches.展开更多
Teleoperation is of great importance in the area of robotics,especially when people are unavailable in the robot workshop.It provides a way for people to control robots remotely using human intelligence.In this paper,...Teleoperation is of great importance in the area of robotics,especially when people are unavailable in the robot workshop.It provides a way for people to control robots remotely using human intelligence.In this paper,a robotic teleoperation system for precise robotic manipulation is established.The data glove and the 7-degrees of freedom(DOFs)force feedback controller are used for the remote control interaction.The control system and the monitor system are designed for the remote precise manipulation.The monitor system contains an image acquisition system and a human-machine interaction module,and aims to simulate and detect the robot running state.Besides,a visual object tracking algorithm is developed to estimate the states of the dynamic system from noisy observations.The established robotic teleoperation systemis applied to a series of experiments,and high-precision results are obtained,showing the effectiveness of the physical system.展开更多
As the Internet of Things advances,gesture recognition emerges as a prominent domain in human-machine interaction(HMI).However,interactive wearables based on conductive hydrogels for individuals with single-arm functi...As the Internet of Things advances,gesture recognition emerges as a prominent domain in human-machine interaction(HMI).However,interactive wearables based on conductive hydrogels for individuals with single-arm functionality or disabilities remain underexplored.Here,we devised a wearable one-handed keyboard with gesture recognition,employing machine learning algorithms and hydrogel-based mechanical sensors to boost productivity.PCG(PAM/CMC/rGO)hydrogels are composed of polyacrylamide(PAM),sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC),and reduced graphene oxide(rGO),which function as a strain,pressure sensor,and electrode material.The PAM chains offer the gel’s elasticity by covalent cross-linking,while the biocompatible CMC improves the dispersion of rGO and promotes electromechanical properties.Integrating rGO sheets into the polymer matrix facilitates cross-linking and generates supple-mentary conductive pathways,thereby augmenting the gel system’s elasticity,sensitivity,and durability.Our hydrogel sensors include high sensitivity(gage factor(GF)=8.18,395.6%-551.96%)and superior pressure sensing capabilities(Sensitivity(S)=0.3116 kPa^(-1),0-9.82 kPa).Furthermore,we developed a wearable keyboard with up to 98.13%accuracy using convolutional neural networks and a custom data acquisition system.This study establishes the groundwork for creating multifunctional gel sensors for intelligent machines,wearable devices,and brain-computer interfaces.展开更多
Today’s product creative design has rendered many fe atures and has brought a great change in our everyday life, there are many new c hallenges in its traditional theory and principle. According to the traditional de...Today’s product creative design has rendered many fe atures and has brought a great change in our everyday life, there are many new c hallenges in its traditional theory and principle. According to the traditional design theory, the FBS design model pays more attention to the function and stru cture of the product. But this model still couldn’t strengthen the relation bet ween product appearance design and human-machine design effectively. This paper adopt converse design thinking and presents an improved design thinking methodo logy based on C: FBS for product appearance design and give a general summarizat ion for the features, methods and technology based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile it also combines with the behavior design of product r elated IT fields and constructs a new outline to improve the design of product a ppearance supported by the technology of computer aided design. So the new metho d about design thinking for computer aided design, the new abstract product design model and the key problem of design thinking based on human-machine inte raction and interface are addressed in this paper. This kind of creative design theory that is driven by human-machine interaction and interface will help the development of CAD software system and the research of product design and manufa cture. Additionally, this paper gives some beneficial characters to address the theory based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile, combining with the developing of computer technology, the trends of design thinking based on t he technology of human-machine interaction and interface are also analyzed and discussed at the end of this paper.展开更多
Surgical robots are designed to provide enhanced precision and dexterity compared to manual surgical procedures,which mainly rely on multimodal sensing technologies for the surgeon to seamlessly operate the robotic ar...Surgical robots are designed to provide enhanced precision and dexterity compared to manual surgical procedures,which mainly rely on multimodal sensing technologies for the surgeon to seamlessly operate the robotic arms and instruments.Compared with single-mode sensors,optical and mechanical bi-modal sensors provide improved precision,enhanced safety,and robustness of human-machine interaction systems.Here,the template-guided and pneumatic printing technologies are combined to construct perovskite and graphene parallel structures with both optical and mechanical sensing capabilities.The printed uniformly crystallized perovskite microstructure exhibits fast and sensitive photoelectric response characteristics,enabling shadow recognition functionality.The combination of graphene and elastic rubber endows the great printability to prepare parallel structures near the perovskite arrays for force sensing capabilities.Thus,the printed perovskite and graphene structures possess non-contact optical sensing capabilities to detect hand position by recognizing shadows between the hand and the sensor,as well as contact mechanical sensing capabilities to detect touch force applied by the hand.It provides a synergistic platform for real-time and multidimensional feedback to improve human-machine interaction.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D) display technology—a cutting-edge medium for human-machine interaction—enhances visual information density via image dimensional expansion and reduces the cognitive load to improve the efficien...Three-dimensional(3D) display technology—a cutting-edge medium for human-machine interaction—enhances visual information density via image dimensional expansion and reduces the cognitive load to improve the efficiency of information exchange [1–3].展开更多
Exoskeleton robots and their control methods have been extensively developed to aid post-stroke rehabilitation. Most of the existing methods using linear controllers are designed for position control and are not suita...Exoskeleton robots and their control methods have been extensively developed to aid post-stroke rehabilitation. Most of the existing methods using linear controllers are designed for position control and are not suitable for human-machine interaction(HMI) force control, as the interaction system between the human body and exoskeleton is uncertain and nonlinear. We present an approach for HMI force control via model reference adaptive impedance control(MRAIC) to solve this problem in case of index finger exoskeleton control. First, a dynamic HMI model, which is based on a position control inner loop, is formulated. Second, the theoretical MRAC framework is implemented in the control system. Then, the adaptive controllers are designed according to the Lyapunov stability theory. To verify the performance of the proposed method, we compare it with a proportional-integral-derivative(PID) method in the time domain with real experiments and in the frequency domain with simulations. The results illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method in solving the nonlinear HMI force control problem in hand exoskeleton.展开更多
Noncontact interaction systems have attracted considerable research attention in recent years because of convenient operation,sterility,and injury prevention.However,the insufficient sensing distance and weak robustne...Noncontact interaction systems have attracted considerable research attention in recent years because of convenient operation,sterility,and injury prevention.However,the insufficient sensing distance and weak robustness of noncontact interaction systems for complex environments limit their practical applications.Here,we designed an integrated optical noncontact controlling system(ONCS)based on PtTe_(x)/Si optoelectronic heterojunction array.Broadband sensitive photoresponse is realized at zero bias voltage,with excellent detectivity and responsivity,boosting the noncontact sensing distance to at least 150 mm.Consequently,the system can perform noncontact detection,encoding,and control by recognizing shadow-induced spatiotemporal sequence changes in heterojunction array photocurrents.As a proof of concept,different interactive functions have been demonstrated with good accuracy and robustness by encoding finger movement above the ONCS.This study provides a new perspective for constructing high-performance noncontact interaction systems.展开更多
Human-machine interaction can incorporate several components which when suitably designed,synthesized,and integrated can benefit the human decision maker in performing various tasks and activities.These interactions c...Human-machine interaction can incorporate several components which when suitably designed,synthesized,and integrated can benefit the human decision maker in performing various tasks and activities.These interactions can be designed through multiple modalities such as textural,graphic,audio,or any tangible interfaces depending on the specific nature of the decision-making task which needs to be performed by human.The control and decision-making architecture of such humanmachine interaction can be defined in variety of ways.In this paper,we present an overview of an architecture which has been recently proposed in the literature based on the notion of open quantum systems.We present a brief interpretation of some of the main modelling and solution components of this framework.The main implication of this framework is that it presents the state of the decision maker and the interacting environment in a probabilistic framework,where the time evolution of this ensemble is estimated within the interpretation and solutions of the open quantum system.展开更多
As a multidisciplinary phenomenon,panel aeroelasticity in shock-dominated flow is featured by two primary interactions:Fluid-Structure Interactions(FSIs)and Shock-Boundary Layer Interactions(SBLIs).The former raises s...As a multidisciplinary phenomenon,panel aeroelasticity in shock-dominated flow is featured by two primary interactions:Fluid-Structure Interactions(FSIs)and Shock-Boundary Layer Interactions(SBLIs).The former raises structural concerns,and the latter is of aerodynamic interest.Thus,panel aeroelasticity in shock-dominated flow represents a vital topic for the development and optimization of supersonic vehicles and propulsion systems.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the methodologies applied to capture structural and fluid dynamics,including theoretical models,numerical simulations,and wind tunnel experiments.The application of data-driven modal decomposition,an advanced technique to extract physically crucial features,on the topic is introduced.From the perspective of FSIs,the distinctive aeroelastic behaviors in shock-dominated flow,including hysteresis phenomena and nonlinear responses,are highlighted.From the perspective of SBLIs,the modifications in their spatial and temporal characteristics imposed by the aeroelastic responses are emphasized.Motivated by the interaction between the shock waves and structural response,different strategies have been proposed to implement aeroelastic suppression and shock control,which have the potential to enhance structural safety and aerodynamic performance in the next generation of high-speed flight vehicles.展开更多
Host-yeast interactions are fundamental drivers of human microbiome dynamics,spanning a spectrum from mutualistic symbiosis to opportunistic pathogenesis with profound implications for systemic health.This review syst...Host-yeast interactions are fundamental drivers of human microbiome dynamics,spanning a spectrum from mutualistic symbiosis to opportunistic pathogenesis with profound implications for systemic health.This review systematically elucidates the complex molecular mechanisms governing these relationships,with a specific focus on metabolic interdependence and immunomodulation.We analyze how yeast-derived metabolites,particularly short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),modulate host glucose and lipid homeostasis via signaling pathways such as GPR41/43 and GLP-1 secretion.Furthermore,the review explores the pathophysiological role of fungal dysbiosis in chronic conditions,including obesity,diabetes,and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),highlighting how a breakdown in host-yeast homeostasis triggers pro-inflammatory cascades.Beyond the fungal-host axis,we introduce the concept of the"mycobiome-virome-bacterial axis,"discussing how commensal yeasts synergize with beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacterium and influence viral infectivity through Interferon-mediated innate immune priming.We critically evaluate how cutting-edge technologies-including transgenic mouse models(specifically Dectin-1^(-/-)and CARD9^(-/-),metabolomics,and single-cell sequencing-have revolutionized our mechanistic understanding of these multi-kingdom dynamics.By integrating current findings,we identify critical knowledge gaps and propose high-resolution research frameworks,such as humanized organ-on-a-chip systems,to simulate intricate host-microbe interactions under physiological flow conditions.This comprehensive synthesis provides a strategic foundation for developing targeted,next-generation microbiome-based interventions to restore host-yeast balance and enhance overall human health.展开更多
As a common electronic adhesive,ultraviolet(UV)curing polyurethane acrylate adhesive has both flexibility and wear resistance of polyurethane,excellent weather resistance and optical properties of acrylate.Despite the...As a common electronic adhesive,ultraviolet(UV)curing polyurethane acrylate adhesive has both flexibility and wear resistance of polyurethane,excellent weather resistance and optical properties of acrylate.Despite the extensive applications,it is still difficult to solve the problems caused by the shrinkage of adhesive.Here,a new type of photosensitive adhesive for bonding electronic components based on supramolecular interaction was designed and synthesized.The supramolecular interaction of cyclodextrin and adamantane moieties introduced into the adhesive polymer entitles the viscosity of the adhesive to rise rapidly during use,thereby preventing adhesive loss and dislocation of electronic components.UV light could further cure the adhesive and position the electronic components.The adhesive shrunk<2%when cured by UV light,so it can be used for electronic packaging and high-resolution,defect-free lithography.展开更多
This study reveals the critical role of multiscale interaction within the westerly wind bursts(WWBs)west of the MJO convection in modulating the prediction skill for the November MJO event during the DYNAMO(Dynamics o...This study reveals the critical role of multiscale interaction within the westerly wind bursts(WWBs)west of the MJO convection in modulating the prediction skill for the November MJO event during the DYNAMO(Dynamics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation)field campaign.The characteristics of the MJO convection envelope are obtained by the largescale precipitation tracking method,and a novel metric is introduced to quantify the prediction skill for the MJO convection in the ECMWF reforecast.The ECMWF forecast exhibits approximately 17 days in skillful prediction for the MJO convection—significantly lower than that derived from the global measure.The reforecast ensembles are further classified into high and low skill catalogs based on the mean prediction skill during the observed WWBs period.High-skill ensembles exhibit significantly enhanced low-level westerlies,amplified MJO convection,and reduced spatial separation between the low-level westerlies and MJO convection during the WWBs period,indicating stronger coupling between the large-scale circulation and the convection.Mechanistic analysis reveals that enhanced westerlies in high-skill ensembles can transfer more high-frequency energy to the MJO convection through the flux convergence of interaction energy for MJO convection development,resulting in better prediction skill.展开更多
Cytochrome c(cyt c)is released from mitochondria into the cytosol upon apoptotic stimulation,ultimately triggering programmed cell death.Recent studies have revealed that transfer RNA(tRNA)interacts with cyt c,impedin...Cytochrome c(cyt c)is released from mitochondria into the cytosol upon apoptotic stimulation,ultimately triggering programmed cell death.Recent studies have revealed that transfer RNA(tRNA)interacts with cyt c,impeding the formation of the apoptosome complex and thereby suppressing apoptosis.To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the interaction between cyt c and tRNA,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)-based chemical shift perturbation and intensity analysis were employed to characterize the binding interface between cyt c and tRNAphe.The findings demonstrate that cyt c primarily engages with tRNAphe through its 70–85Ω-loop and N-terminalα-helix.This interaction sterically hinders the accessibility of small molecules,such as H_(2)O_(2),to the hydrophobic pocket of cyt c,consequently attenuating its peroxidase activity.Furthermore,oxidative modification of cyt c,particularly the carbonylation of positively charged lysine residues,weakens this interaction.展开更多
Local Climate Zones(LCZs)provide a standardized framework for analyzing urban thermal environment.Examining the interactive effects of building and green space patterns on land surface temperature(LST)within LCZs is e...Local Climate Zones(LCZs)provide a standardized framework for analyzing urban thermal environment.Examining the interactive effects of building and green space patterns on land surface temperature(LST)within LCZs is essential for uncovering urban cooling mechanisms and developing strategies for heat-mitigation urban design.Therefore,this study employed one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple comparison to test compare the significant differences of LST among LCZs 1-6,and applied the XGBoost model to quantify the interactive effects of building and green space indicators on LST,and to identify the threshold ranges of their cooling effects.The results showed that LCZ 2 exhibited the highest LST,while LCZ 4 recorded the lowest.Average building volume(BAV),building coverage ratio(BCR),green cover area(GCA),and the total edge length of green space(GTE)were identified as the key indicators driving the interactive effects on LST.In LCZ 2,when BAV exceeded 1800 m^(3),the interaction of higher GCA and GTE contributed to lower LST.When BCR was less than 0.6 in LCZs 4-5,lower GCA and GTE values enhanced the LST reduction.The results provided a strategic basis for urban thermal environment mitigation and sustainable development under the LCZ framework.展开更多
Using observational and reanalysis datasets,this study explores the mechanisms by which the interactions among multi-timescale flows impacted the onset of rapid intensification(RI)of Typhoon Hato(2017).Hato(2017)forme...Using observational and reanalysis datasets,this study explores the mechanisms by which the interactions among multi-timescale flows impacted the onset of rapid intensification(RI)of Typhoon Hato(2017).Hato(2017)formed within a northwest–southeast-oriented synoptic-scale(with periods<10 days)wave train,concurring with a developing intraseasonal(10–90 days)oscillation and an elongated low-frequency(>90 days)monsoon trough in the western North Pacific.Impacted by continuously increasing vertical wind shear,the TC long maintained a highly asymmetric convective structure.Prior to RI onset,the synoptic-scale circulation and the inner-core asymmetric convection of Hato(2017)greatly strengthened,which are the key factors believed to trigger RI.A multi-timescale eddy kinetic energy budget indicates that the wind convergence associated with the intraseasonal circulation and monsoon trough led to barotropic energy conversion that largely enhanced the synoptic-scale cyclonic circulation.Besides,the pronounced increases in midlevel relative humidity(RH)and surface latent heat flux(LHF)were observed upshear before RI onset,which were primarily driven by the strong intraseasonal and synoptic-scale RH anomalies and the strengthened low-level wind speed,respectively.The increased LHF and midlevel RH,together with the enhanced downshear confluence between synoptic-scale and Intraseasonal Oscillation(ISO)/low-frequency winds,could have helped the intensification of asymmetric convection that supports RI onset.Overall,this study suggests that the interactions across multiple timescales may create favorable dynamic and thermodynamic conditions that promoted RI onset,offering new insights into RI processes for highly asymmetric tropical cyclones like Hato(2017).展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFE0108900)EU HORIZON 2021 L4DNANO(No.101086227)。
文摘Porous hydrogel sensors have attracted significant attention in fields such as smart wearables and medical monitoring due to their high sensitivity.However,existing fabrication methods typically degrade the surface smoothness of hydrogels when introducing porous structures and face significant challenges in removing fillers completely.To address these challenges,we herein introduce a novel one-step,thermosensitive spray-coating technique for the preparation of aircell hydrogel(ACH).This method leverages the rapid cooling of a thermoresponsive gelatin methacryloyl solution through atomization,enabling rapid cross-linking within seconds and air bubbles encapsulated in situ.Additionally,the transient flow of the pre-gel facilitates the repair of voids formed by ruptured surface bubbles,leading to the creation of the ACH with uniformly distributed inner air bubbles and a smooth outer surface.The mold-free fabrication method is independent of substrate surface properties,enabling the creation of a porous hydrogel film with a thickness as thin as 163 µm.Furthermore,the dual-crosslinked network endows the ACH with excellent anti-swelling properties,and the physical crosslinking between gelatin molecules allows the ACH to self-heal.The ACH exhibits excellent sensitivity in deformation sensing and can even successfully track minor external forces,which enables it to effectively complete various tasks such as facial expression recognition,pitch differentiation,and motion detection.By integrating the ACH into a sensing glove,we also demonstrate the significant potential of the ACH for applications in human-machine interaction and tactile sensing.Ultimately,the ACH sensors are also applied to motion mapping and machine tactile feedback,indicating their promising potential in human-machine interaction.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC3081200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42077264)the Scientific Research Project of PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited(HDEC-2022-0301).
文摘Rock discontinuities control rock mechanical behaviors and significantly influence the stability of rock masses.However,existing discontinuity mapping algorithms are susceptible to noise,and the calculation results cannot be fed back to users timely.To address this issue,we proposed a human-machine interaction(HMI)method for discontinuity mapping.Users can help the algorithm identify the noise and make real-time result judgments and parameter adjustments.For this,a regular cube was selected to illustrate the workflows:(1)point cloud was acquired using remote sensing;(2)the HMI method was employed to select reference points and angle thresholds to detect group discontinuity;(3)individual discontinuities were extracted from the group discontinuity using a density-based cluster algorithm;and(4)the orientation of each discontinuity was measured based on a plane fitting algorithm.The method was applied to a well-studied highway road cut and a complex natural slope.The consistency of the computational results with field measurements demonstrates its good accuracy,and the average error in the dip direction and dip angle for both cases was less than 3.Finally,the computational time of the proposed method was compared with two other popular algorithms,and the reduction in computational time by tens of times proves its high computational efficiency.This method provides geologists and geological engineers with a new idea to map rapidly and accurately rock structures under large amounts of noises or unclear features.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U181321461773369+2 种基金61903360)the Selfplanned Project of the State Key Laboratory of Robotics(2020-Z12)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(2019M661155)。
文摘Electromyography(EMG)has already been broadly used in human-machine interaction(HMI)applications.Determining how to decode the information inside EMG signals robustly and accurately is a key problem for which we urgently need a solution.Recently,many EMG pattern recognition tasks have been addressed using deep learning methods.In this paper,we analyze recent papers and present a literature review describing the role that deep learning plays in EMG-based HMI.An overview of typical network structures and processing schemes will be provided.Recent progress in typical tasks such as movement classification,joint angle prediction,and force/torque estimation will be introduced.New issues,including multimodal sensing,inter-subject/inter-session,and robustness toward disturbances will be discussed.We attempt to provide a comprehensive analysis of current research by discussing the advantages,challenges,and opportunities brought by deep learning.We hope that deep learning can aid in eliminating factors that hinder the development of EMG-based HMI systems.Furthermore,possible future directions will be presented to pave the way for future research.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22109120,62104170 and 82202757)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.LQ21B030002 and LY23F040001)。
文摘Hydrogel-based triboelectric nanoge nerator(TENG)has a promising applied prospect in wearable electronic devices.However,its low performance,poor stability,insufficient recyclability and inferior self-healing seriously hinder its development.Herein,we report a robust route to a liquid metal(LM)/polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)hydrogel-based TENG(LP-TENG).Owing to the intrinsically liquid feature of conductive LM within the flexible PVA hydrogel,the as-prepared LP-TENG exhibited comprehensiye advantages of adaptability,biocompatibility,outstanding electrical performance,superior stability,recyclability and diverse applications,which were unattainable by traditional systems.Concretely,the LP-TENG delivered appealing open circuit voltage of 250 V,short circuit current of 4μA and transferred charge of 120 nC with high stability,outperforming most advanced TENG systems.The LP-TENG was successfully employed for versatile applications with multifunctionality,including human motion detection,handwriting recognition,energy collection,message transmission and human-machine interaction.This work presents significant prospects for crafting advanced materials and devices in the fields of wearable electronics,flexible skin and smart robots.
文摘Speech recognition rate will deteriorate greatly in human-machine interaction when the speaker's speech mixes with a bystander's voice. This paper proposes a time-frequency approach for Blind Source Seperation (BSS) for intelligent Human-Machine Interaction(HMI). Main idea of the algorithm is to simultaneously diagonalize the correlation matrix of the pre-whitened signals at different time delays for every frequency bins in time-frequency domain. The prososed method has two merits: (1) fast convergence speed; (2) high signal to interference ratio of the separated signals. Numerical evaluations are used to compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with two other deconvolution algorithms. An efficient algorithm to resolve permutation ambiguity is also proposed in this paper. The algorithm proposed saves more than 10% of computational time with properly selected parameters and achieves good performances for both simulated convolutive mixtures and real room recorded speeches.
基金NSFC-Shenzhen Robotics Research Center Project(No.U2013207)the Beijing Science and Technology Plan Project(No.Z191100008019008)。
文摘Teleoperation is of great importance in the area of robotics,especially when people are unavailable in the robot workshop.It provides a way for people to control robots remotely using human intelligence.In this paper,a robotic teleoperation system for precise robotic manipulation is established.The data glove and the 7-degrees of freedom(DOFs)force feedback controller are used for the remote control interaction.The control system and the monitor system are designed for the remote precise manipulation.The monitor system contains an image acquisition system and a human-machine interaction module,and aims to simulate and detect the robot running state.Besides,a visual object tracking algorithm is developed to estimate the states of the dynamic system from noisy observations.The established robotic teleoperation systemis applied to a series of experiments,and high-precision results are obtained,showing the effectiveness of the physical system.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022BG011)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(No.2020CDJ-LHZZ-077)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.c stc2020jcyj-msxmX0397)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(No.00007717).
文摘As the Internet of Things advances,gesture recognition emerges as a prominent domain in human-machine interaction(HMI).However,interactive wearables based on conductive hydrogels for individuals with single-arm functionality or disabilities remain underexplored.Here,we devised a wearable one-handed keyboard with gesture recognition,employing machine learning algorithms and hydrogel-based mechanical sensors to boost productivity.PCG(PAM/CMC/rGO)hydrogels are composed of polyacrylamide(PAM),sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC),and reduced graphene oxide(rGO),which function as a strain,pressure sensor,and electrode material.The PAM chains offer the gel’s elasticity by covalent cross-linking,while the biocompatible CMC improves the dispersion of rGO and promotes electromechanical properties.Integrating rGO sheets into the polymer matrix facilitates cross-linking and generates supple-mentary conductive pathways,thereby augmenting the gel system’s elasticity,sensitivity,and durability.Our hydrogel sensors include high sensitivity(gage factor(GF)=8.18,395.6%-551.96%)and superior pressure sensing capabilities(Sensitivity(S)=0.3116 kPa^(-1),0-9.82 kPa).Furthermore,we developed a wearable keyboard with up to 98.13%accuracy using convolutional neural networks and a custom data acquisition system.This study establishes the groundwork for creating multifunctional gel sensors for intelligent machines,wearable devices,and brain-computer interfaces.
文摘Today’s product creative design has rendered many fe atures and has brought a great change in our everyday life, there are many new c hallenges in its traditional theory and principle. According to the traditional design theory, the FBS design model pays more attention to the function and stru cture of the product. But this model still couldn’t strengthen the relation bet ween product appearance design and human-machine design effectively. This paper adopt converse design thinking and presents an improved design thinking methodo logy based on C: FBS for product appearance design and give a general summarizat ion for the features, methods and technology based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile it also combines with the behavior design of product r elated IT fields and constructs a new outline to improve the design of product a ppearance supported by the technology of computer aided design. So the new metho d about design thinking for computer aided design, the new abstract product design model and the key problem of design thinking based on human-machine inte raction and interface are addressed in this paper. This kind of creative design theory that is driven by human-machine interaction and interface will help the development of CAD software system and the research of product design and manufa cture. Additionally, this paper gives some beneficial characters to address the theory based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile, combining with the developing of computer technology, the trends of design thinking based on t he technology of human-machine interaction and interface are also analyzed and discussed at the end of this paper.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52222313,22075296,52321006,T2394480,and T2394484)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFE0111500,2021YFB3200701,and 2022YFB4700804)+1 种基金Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(Grant No.BNLMSCXXM-202005)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(Grant No.Z231100005923039).
文摘Surgical robots are designed to provide enhanced precision and dexterity compared to manual surgical procedures,which mainly rely on multimodal sensing technologies for the surgeon to seamlessly operate the robotic arms and instruments.Compared with single-mode sensors,optical and mechanical bi-modal sensors provide improved precision,enhanced safety,and robustness of human-machine interaction systems.Here,the template-guided and pneumatic printing technologies are combined to construct perovskite and graphene parallel structures with both optical and mechanical sensing capabilities.The printed uniformly crystallized perovskite microstructure exhibits fast and sensitive photoelectric response characteristics,enabling shadow recognition functionality.The combination of graphene and elastic rubber endows the great printability to prepare parallel structures near the perovskite arrays for force sensing capabilities.Thus,the printed perovskite and graphene structures possess non-contact optical sensing capabilities to detect hand position by recognizing shadows between the hand and the sensor,as well as contact mechanical sensing capabilities to detect touch force applied by the hand.It provides a synergistic platform for real-time and multidimensional feedback to improve human-machine interaction.
文摘Three-dimensional(3D) display technology—a cutting-edge medium for human-machine interaction—enhances visual information density via image dimensional expansion and reduces the cognitive load to improve the efficiency of information exchange [1–3].
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51221004)
文摘Exoskeleton robots and their control methods have been extensively developed to aid post-stroke rehabilitation. Most of the existing methods using linear controllers are designed for position control and are not suitable for human-machine interaction(HMI) force control, as the interaction system between the human body and exoskeleton is uncertain and nonlinear. We present an approach for HMI force control via model reference adaptive impedance control(MRAIC) to solve this problem in case of index finger exoskeleton control. First, a dynamic HMI model, which is based on a position control inner loop, is formulated. Second, the theoretical MRAC framework is implemented in the control system. Then, the adaptive controllers are designed according to the Lyapunov stability theory. To verify the performance of the proposed method, we compare it with a proportional-integral-derivative(PID) method in the time domain with real experiments and in the frequency domain with simulations. The results illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method in solving the nonlinear HMI force control problem in hand exoskeleton.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant Nos.61625404,61874111,61888102 and 62022079)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2020115).
文摘Noncontact interaction systems have attracted considerable research attention in recent years because of convenient operation,sterility,and injury prevention.However,the insufficient sensing distance and weak robustness of noncontact interaction systems for complex environments limit their practical applications.Here,we designed an integrated optical noncontact controlling system(ONCS)based on PtTe_(x)/Si optoelectronic heterojunction array.Broadband sensitive photoresponse is realized at zero bias voltage,with excellent detectivity and responsivity,boosting the noncontact sensing distance to at least 150 mm.Consequently,the system can perform noncontact detection,encoding,and control by recognizing shadow-induced spatiotemporal sequence changes in heterojunction array photocurrents.As a proof of concept,different interactive functions have been demonstrated with good accuracy and robustness by encoding finger movement above the ONCS.This study provides a new perspective for constructing high-performance noncontact interaction systems.
文摘Human-machine interaction can incorporate several components which when suitably designed,synthesized,and integrated can benefit the human decision maker in performing various tasks and activities.These interactions can be designed through multiple modalities such as textural,graphic,audio,or any tangible interfaces depending on the specific nature of the decision-making task which needs to be performed by human.The control and decision-making architecture of such humanmachine interaction can be defined in variety of ways.In this paper,we present an overview of an architecture which has been recently proposed in the literature based on the notion of open quantum systems.We present a brief interpretation of some of the main modelling and solution components of this framework.The main implication of this framework is that it presents the state of the decision maker and the interacting environment in a probabilistic framework,where the time evolution of this ensemble is estimated within the interpretation and solutions of the open quantum system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12372233)the Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University,China(No.25GH01020005)the“111 Project”of China(No.B17037)。
文摘As a multidisciplinary phenomenon,panel aeroelasticity in shock-dominated flow is featured by two primary interactions:Fluid-Structure Interactions(FSIs)and Shock-Boundary Layer Interactions(SBLIs).The former raises structural concerns,and the latter is of aerodynamic interest.Thus,panel aeroelasticity in shock-dominated flow represents a vital topic for the development and optimization of supersonic vehicles and propulsion systems.This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the methodologies applied to capture structural and fluid dynamics,including theoretical models,numerical simulations,and wind tunnel experiments.The application of data-driven modal decomposition,an advanced technique to extract physically crucial features,on the topic is introduced.From the perspective of FSIs,the distinctive aeroelastic behaviors in shock-dominated flow,including hysteresis phenomena and nonlinear responses,are highlighted.From the perspective of SBLIs,the modifications in their spatial and temporal characteristics imposed by the aeroelastic responses are emphasized.Motivated by the interaction between the shock waves and structural response,different strategies have been proposed to implement aeroelastic suppression and shock control,which have the potential to enhance structural safety and aerodynamic performance in the next generation of high-speed flight vehicles.
基金funded by 2023 Chongqing medical scientific research project(Joint project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureaugrant no.2023GGXM006)+12 种基金oint project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau(Joint Key Laboratory Open Project)(No.2026KFXM051)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.CSTB2025NSCO-GPX1116)2026 Chongqing Municipal Health Commission Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project(No.2026WSJK158),Technological Innovation Project of Shapingba District,Chongqing(No.2025016)2024 Scientific research project of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College(No.ygzrc2024101)Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Youth Project(No.KJQN202402821No.KJQN202502819)2024 Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College Innovation Research Group Project(No.ygz2024401)Science and Health Joint Medical Research Project of Shapingba District,Chongqing(No.2024SQKWLHMS051)2025 Scientific research project of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College(No.YGZZK2025116)2025 Technological Innovation Project of Shapingba District,Chongqing(No.2025031)Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Youth Project(No.KJQN202402821No.KJQN202302811)Joint project of Chongqing Health Commission and Science and Technology Bureau(No.2024MSXM115)respectively.
文摘Host-yeast interactions are fundamental drivers of human microbiome dynamics,spanning a spectrum from mutualistic symbiosis to opportunistic pathogenesis with profound implications for systemic health.This review systematically elucidates the complex molecular mechanisms governing these relationships,with a specific focus on metabolic interdependence and immunomodulation.We analyze how yeast-derived metabolites,particularly short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),modulate host glucose and lipid homeostasis via signaling pathways such as GPR41/43 and GLP-1 secretion.Furthermore,the review explores the pathophysiological role of fungal dysbiosis in chronic conditions,including obesity,diabetes,and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),highlighting how a breakdown in host-yeast homeostasis triggers pro-inflammatory cascades.Beyond the fungal-host axis,we introduce the concept of the"mycobiome-virome-bacterial axis,"discussing how commensal yeasts synergize with beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacterium and influence viral infectivity through Interferon-mediated innate immune priming.We critically evaluate how cutting-edge technologies-including transgenic mouse models(specifically Dectin-1^(-/-)and CARD9^(-/-),metabolomics,and single-cell sequencing-have revolutionized our mechanistic understanding of these multi-kingdom dynamics.By integrating current findings,we identify critical knowledge gaps and propose high-resolution research frameworks,such as humanized organ-on-a-chip systems,to simulate intricate host-microbe interactions under physiological flow conditions.This comprehensive synthesis provides a strategic foundation for developing targeted,next-generation microbiome-based interventions to restore host-yeast balance and enhance overall human health.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22308279)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021A1515110695)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.2023NSCQMSX2773).
文摘As a common electronic adhesive,ultraviolet(UV)curing polyurethane acrylate adhesive has both flexibility and wear resistance of polyurethane,excellent weather resistance and optical properties of acrylate.Despite the extensive applications,it is still difficult to solve the problems caused by the shrinkage of adhesive.Here,a new type of photosensitive adhesive for bonding electronic components based on supramolecular interaction was designed and synthesized.The supramolecular interaction of cyclodextrin and adamantane moieties introduced into the adhesive polymer entitles the viscosity of the adhesive to rise rapidly during use,thereby preventing adhesive loss and dislocation of electronic components.UV light could further cure the adhesive and position the electronic components.The adhesive shrunk<2%when cured by UV light,so it can be used for electronic packaging and high-resolution,defect-free lithography.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2442206,42205067,and 41922035)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFC3013100)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of CAS(Grant No.QYZDB-SSW-DQC017).
文摘This study reveals the critical role of multiscale interaction within the westerly wind bursts(WWBs)west of the MJO convection in modulating the prediction skill for the November MJO event during the DYNAMO(Dynamics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation)field campaign.The characteristics of the MJO convection envelope are obtained by the largescale precipitation tracking method,and a novel metric is introduced to quantify the prediction skill for the MJO convection in the ECMWF reforecast.The ECMWF forecast exhibits approximately 17 days in skillful prediction for the MJO convection—significantly lower than that derived from the global measure.The reforecast ensembles are further classified into high and low skill catalogs based on the mean prediction skill during the observed WWBs period.High-skill ensembles exhibit significantly enhanced low-level westerlies,amplified MJO convection,and reduced spatial separation between the low-level westerlies and MJO convection during the WWBs period,indicating stronger coupling between the large-scale circulation and the convection.Mechanistic analysis reveals that enhanced westerlies in high-skill ensembles can transfer more high-frequency energy to the MJO convection through the flux convergence of interaction energy for MJO convection development,resulting in better prediction skill.
基金financial support from National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0704002,2018YFE0202300,2023YFA1607500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22174152,21991081,2204167,21505153,21675170,2147514621735007,and 22204167)+2 种基金Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2023AFA041)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0540300)Funding of Wuhan Special Project for Knowledge Innovation(2023020201010085).
文摘Cytochrome c(cyt c)is released from mitochondria into the cytosol upon apoptotic stimulation,ultimately triggering programmed cell death.Recent studies have revealed that transfer RNA(tRNA)interacts with cyt c,impeding the formation of the apoptosome complex and thereby suppressing apoptosis.To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the interaction between cyt c and tRNA,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)-based chemical shift perturbation and intensity analysis were employed to characterize the binding interface between cyt c and tRNAphe.The findings demonstrate that cyt c primarily engages with tRNAphe through its 70–85Ω-loop and N-terminalα-helix.This interaction sterically hinders the accessibility of small molecules,such as H_(2)O_(2),to the hydrophobic pocket of cyt c,consequently attenuating its peroxidase activity.Furthermore,oxidative modification of cyt c,particularly the carbonylation of positively charged lysine residues,weakens this interaction.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271661,32130068).
文摘Local Climate Zones(LCZs)provide a standardized framework for analyzing urban thermal environment.Examining the interactive effects of building and green space patterns on land surface temperature(LST)within LCZs is essential for uncovering urban cooling mechanisms and developing strategies for heat-mitigation urban design.Therefore,this study employed one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple comparison to test compare the significant differences of LST among LCZs 1-6,and applied the XGBoost model to quantify the interactive effects of building and green space indicators on LST,and to identify the threshold ranges of their cooling effects.The results showed that LCZ 2 exhibited the highest LST,while LCZ 4 recorded the lowest.Average building volume(BAV),building coverage ratio(BCR),green cover area(GCA),and the total edge length of green space(GTE)were identified as the key indicators driving the interactive effects on LST.In LCZ 2,when BAV exceeded 1800 m^(3),the interaction of higher GCA and GTE contributed to lower LST.When BCR was less than 0.6 in LCZs 4-5,lower GCA and GTE values enhanced the LST reduction.The results provided a strategic basis for urban thermal environment mitigation and sustainable development under the LCZ framework.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFF0807000)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42305004,42175073 and 42175013)supported partly by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M743283).
文摘Using observational and reanalysis datasets,this study explores the mechanisms by which the interactions among multi-timescale flows impacted the onset of rapid intensification(RI)of Typhoon Hato(2017).Hato(2017)formed within a northwest–southeast-oriented synoptic-scale(with periods<10 days)wave train,concurring with a developing intraseasonal(10–90 days)oscillation and an elongated low-frequency(>90 days)monsoon trough in the western North Pacific.Impacted by continuously increasing vertical wind shear,the TC long maintained a highly asymmetric convective structure.Prior to RI onset,the synoptic-scale circulation and the inner-core asymmetric convection of Hato(2017)greatly strengthened,which are the key factors believed to trigger RI.A multi-timescale eddy kinetic energy budget indicates that the wind convergence associated with the intraseasonal circulation and monsoon trough led to barotropic energy conversion that largely enhanced the synoptic-scale cyclonic circulation.Besides,the pronounced increases in midlevel relative humidity(RH)and surface latent heat flux(LHF)were observed upshear before RI onset,which were primarily driven by the strong intraseasonal and synoptic-scale RH anomalies and the strengthened low-level wind speed,respectively.The increased LHF and midlevel RH,together with the enhanced downshear confluence between synoptic-scale and Intraseasonal Oscillation(ISO)/low-frequency winds,could have helped the intensification of asymmetric convection that supports RI onset.Overall,this study suggests that the interactions across multiple timescales may create favorable dynamic and thermodynamic conditions that promoted RI onset,offering new insights into RI processes for highly asymmetric tropical cyclones like Hato(2017).
