In the context of Industry 5.0,more emphasis is placed on human-centric smart manufacturing patterns.Product design is a vital phase of smart manufacturing,involving user engagement is an essential factor in enhancing...In the context of Industry 5.0,more emphasis is placed on human-centric smart manufacturing patterns.Product design is a vital phase of smart manufacturing,involving user engagement is an essential factor in enhancing design quality and fostering innovation.With user involvement in-depth,dynamically changing user requirements and feedback bring new problems to the design process,and the traditional linear solving process cannot perceive such variations timely,which causes hysteresis in the solution.The design solution's hysteresis affects the consensus achievement process between the designer and user,further prolonging the iteration cycle.To address this issue,a human-centric product conceptual design model is proposed for the timely translation of such variations into design solutions.In this model,design problems are formed by centering on user requirements,designer and user collaboratively solve the problems to form design solutions.Through a cycle of problem-driven,knowledgesupported,and solution evaluation,new problems are solved promptly to achieve progressive solution convergence,which clarifies the iterative evolution process and improves iterative efficiency.To verify the effectiveness of the model,a natural gas well foaming agent automatic filling device design is presented.展开更多
Human-centric service is an important domain in smart city and includes rich applications that help residents with shopping, dining, transportation, entertainment, and other daily activities. These applications have g...Human-centric service is an important domain in smart city and includes rich applications that help residents with shopping, dining, transportation, entertainment, and other daily activities. These applications have generated a massive amount of hierarchical data with different schemas. In order to manage and analyze the city-wide and cross-application data in a unified way, data schema integration is necessary. However, data from human-centric services has some distinct characteristics, such as lack of support for semantic, matching, large number of schemas, and incompleteness of schema element labels. These make the schema integra- tion difficult using existing approaches. We propose a novel framework for the data schema integration of the human-centric services in smart city. The framework uses both schema metadata and instance data to do schema matching, and introduces human intervention based on a similarity entropy criteria to balance precision and efficiency. Moreover, the framework works in an incremental manner to reduce computation workload. We conduct an experiment with real-world dataset collected from multiple estate sale application systems. The results show that our approach can produce high-quality mediated schema with relatively less human in- terventions compared to the baseline method.展开更多
Information security and quality management are often considered two different fields. However, organizations must be mindful of how software security may affect quality control. This paper examines and promotes metho...Information security and quality management are often considered two different fields. However, organizations must be mindful of how software security may affect quality control. This paper examines and promotes methods through which secure software development processes can be integrated into the Systems Software Development Life-cycle (SDLC) to improve system quality. Cyber-security and quality assurance are both involved in reducing risk. Software security teams work to reduce security risks, whereas quality assurance teams work to decrease risks to quality. There is a need for clear standards, frameworks, processes, and procedures to be followed by organizations to ensure high-level quality while reducing security risks. This research uses a survey of industry professionals to help identify best practices for developing software with fewer defects from the early stages of the SDLC to improve both the quality and security of software. Results show that there is a need for better security awareness among all members of software development teams.展开更多
Existing highway emergency personnel allocation patterns exhibit imbalances in the workload of emergency personnel on some road sections.On certain road sections with low traffic volumes and minimal toll revenue,the o...Existing highway emergency personnel allocation patterns exhibit imbalances in the workload of emergency personnel on some road sections.On certain road sections with low traffic volumes and minimal toll revenue,the operational costs for emergency personnel are excessively high.Therefore,an efficient and economical method is required for the allocation of highway emergency personnel to respond to complex and dynamic highway emergencies.We established an optimization model for emergency personnel allocation based on an improved emperor penguin optimization(EPO)algorithm.First,the model introduces assumptions regarding the resource consumption of highway emergency tasks,guaranteed task operation time and sequential order of task execution by emergency personnel.The highway emergency personnel allocation problem is described mathematically.The optimization objectives of the model include minimizing the weighted processing time of emergency events,maximizing the workload balance and minimizing deployment costs.Constraints on emergency resource allocation are also defined.We propose an improved EPO algorithm that focuses on the initialization and optimization stages,improving parameter configuration,position updating,iterative convergence and disaster evaluation.Data from a traffic management office in Kunming,China were used for case analysis.We focused on the relationship between emergency events and the locations of emergency protection sites.We also examined the allocation of resources for traffic and natural disasters.Additionally,the resource deployment costs before and after optimization were compared.The results demonstrate that the proposed model reduces the cost of resource allocation by 30.6%and greatly improves the optimization of highway emergency staffing.展开更多
Smart offices can help employers attract and retain talented people and can positively impact well-being and productivity.Thanks to emerging technologies and increased computational power,smart buildings with a specif...Smart offices can help employers attract and retain talented people and can positively impact well-being and productivity.Thanks to emerging technologies and increased computational power,smart buildings with a specific focus on personal experience are gaining attraction.Real-time monitoring and estimation of the human states are key to achieving individual satisfaction.Although some studies have incorporated real-time data into the buildings to predict occupants’indoor experience(e.g.,thermal comfort and work engagement),a detailed framework to integrate personal prediction models with building systems has not been well studied.Therefore,this paper proposes a framework to predict and track the real-time states of each individual and assist with decision-making(e.g.,room assignment and indoor environment control).The core idea of the framework is to distinguish individuals by a new concept of Digital ID(DID),which is then integrated with recognition,prediction,recommendation,visualization,and feedback systems.The establishment of the DID database is discussed and a systematic prediction methodology to determine occupants’indoor comfort is developed.Based on the prediction results,the Comfort Score Index(CSI)is proposed to give recommendations regarding the best-fit rooms for each individual.In addition,a visualization platform is developed for real-time monitoring of the indoor environment.To demonstrate the framework,a case study is presented.The thermal sensation is considered the reference for the room allocation,and two groups of people are used to demonstrate the framework in different scenarios.For one group of people,it is assumed that they are existing occupants with personal DID databases.People in another group are considered the new occupants without any personal database,and the public database is used to give initial guesses about their thermal sensations.The results show that the recommended rooms can provide better thermal environments for the occupants compared to the randomly assigned rooms.Furthermore,the recommendations regarding the indoor setpoints(temperature and lighting level)are illustrated using a work engagement prediction model.However,although specific indoor metrics are used in the case study to demonstrate the framework,it is scalable and can be integrated with any other algorithms and techniques,which can serve as a fundamental framework for future smart buildings.展开更多
In recent years,the Federal Tax Service(FTS)of Russia has been steadi-ly evolving from service-oriented to human-centric tax administration.Taxpayers,who invest in the country’s development,could not be treated as th...In recent years,the Federal Tax Service(FTS)of Russia has been steadi-ly evolving from service-oriented to human-centric tax administration.Taxpayers,who invest in the country’s development,could not be treated as the customers in a narrow business context.One of the top priorities of the Government of the Russian Federation is to re-focus public administration from a service-oriented approach to a client-centric model,where public services are convenient and integrated into the daily lives of the citizens.The large-scale changes require transformation of organizational culture in the tax administration.The commitment of the FTS leadership is the key to the transformation.展开更多
In the evolving landscape of software development,Human-Centric Software Engineering(HCSE)is emerging as a pivotal paradigm,prioritizing human needs and experiences at the core of software engineering processes.This r...In the evolving landscape of software development,Human-Centric Software Engineering(HCSE)is emerging as a pivotal paradigm,prioritizing human needs and experiences at the core of software engineering processes.This research delves into the fundamental principles of HCSE,its implications on software quality,and the enhanced user satisfaction it promises.Through comprehensive surveys,case study analyses,and user feedback sessions,this study reaffirms the increasing significance of HCSE in modern software development.Despite its evident benefits,the research also sheds light on the organizational barriers hindering its broad adoption.As software systems continue to intertwine with our daily lives,the research underscores the imperative shift from mere functionality to creating holistic,human-centered software experiences.展开更多
工业5.0引领制造业向以人为本的智能制造(人本智造)变革,制造系统中不同岗位和角色的人展现出更多样化和更全面的操作、智能和社会属性。针对生产调度这一典型场景,在人-信息-物理生产系统(Human-cyber-physical production system,HCP...工业5.0引领制造业向以人为本的智能制造(人本智造)变革,制造系统中不同岗位和角色的人展现出更多样化和更全面的操作、智能和社会属性。针对生产调度这一典型场景,在人-信息-物理生产系统(Human-cyber-physical production system,HCPPS)的语义下,定义感知层-认知层-决策层贯通的智造回路环,从环内操作人融合的适应性创新、环上决策人融合的智能化创新和环外社会人融合的可持续创新这三个角度,构建多层次人本融合框架;并分别提出面向操作人融合的适应性调度技术、面向决策人融合的人-机混合智能技术和面向社会人融合的可持续协同优化技术;最后,以飞机脉动总装线典型调度场景为案例,验证了所提技术的有效性,为实现工业5.0的人本智造提供理论和技术实践参考。展开更多
The smart city is not only a crucial means of promoting sustainable development,but also a strategic approach to advancing scientific urban development and governance on a global scale.Based on a textual co-occurrence...The smart city is not only a crucial means of promoting sustainable development,but also a strategic approach to advancing scientific urban development and governance on a global scale.Based on a textual co-occurrence analysis of policy documents,this study examines the components,development pathways,and models of smart cities in China.It identifies three distinct phases in the development process:the information project-driven phase,the holistic development phase,and the collaborative development phase.Overall,the development of smart cities in China-characterized by a strong focus on information technology projects-was primarily initiated by both central and local governments.Reflecting on the informatization process and the trajectory of smart city development in China since the mid-1990s,this paper argues that smart city initiatives must evolve beyond a purely technology-driven framework toward a more human-centered approach.Against the backdrop of ongoing urbanization and urban transformation in China,this study proposes future development strategies that integrate top-down government planning with bottom-up public engagement.It advocates for a comprehensive framework that integrates technology,human needs,and spatial planning,emphasizing the spatiotemporal coordination between technological implementation and stakeholder demands.This research offers valuable insights and strategic guidance for the future development of smart cities worldwide.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52405285)the Sichuan University Young Teachers'Capacity Improvement Program in Science and Technology Innovation(Grant No.2024SCUQJTX026)Sichuan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Broadband Electronics Intelligent Manufacturing(Grant No.BEIM2022A001)。
文摘In the context of Industry 5.0,more emphasis is placed on human-centric smart manufacturing patterns.Product design is a vital phase of smart manufacturing,involving user engagement is an essential factor in enhancing design quality and fostering innovation.With user involvement in-depth,dynamically changing user requirements and feedback bring new problems to the design process,and the traditional linear solving process cannot perceive such variations timely,which causes hysteresis in the solution.The design solution's hysteresis affects the consensus achievement process between the designer and user,further prolonging the iteration cycle.To address this issue,a human-centric product conceptual design model is proposed for the timely translation of such variations into design solutions.In this model,design problems are formed by centering on user requirements,designer and user collaboratively solve the problems to form design solutions.Through a cycle of problem-driven,knowledgesupported,and solution evaluation,new problems are solved promptly to achieve progressive solution convergence,which clarifies the iterative evolution process and improves iterative efficiency.To verify the effectiveness of the model,a natural gas well foaming agent automatic filling device design is presented.
基金funded by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863)under Grant No.2013AA01A605
文摘Human-centric service is an important domain in smart city and includes rich applications that help residents with shopping, dining, transportation, entertainment, and other daily activities. These applications have generated a massive amount of hierarchical data with different schemas. In order to manage and analyze the city-wide and cross-application data in a unified way, data schema integration is necessary. However, data from human-centric services has some distinct characteristics, such as lack of support for semantic, matching, large number of schemas, and incompleteness of schema element labels. These make the schema integra- tion difficult using existing approaches. We propose a novel framework for the data schema integration of the human-centric services in smart city. The framework uses both schema metadata and instance data to do schema matching, and introduces human intervention based on a similarity entropy criteria to balance precision and efficiency. Moreover, the framework works in an incremental manner to reduce computation workload. We conduct an experiment with real-world dataset collected from multiple estate sale application systems. The results show that our approach can produce high-quality mediated schema with relatively less human in- terventions compared to the baseline method.
文摘Information security and quality management are often considered two different fields. However, organizations must be mindful of how software security may affect quality control. This paper examines and promotes methods through which secure software development processes can be integrated into the Systems Software Development Life-cycle (SDLC) to improve system quality. Cyber-security and quality assurance are both involved in reducing risk. Software security teams work to reduce security risks, whereas quality assurance teams work to decrease risks to quality. There is a need for clear standards, frameworks, processes, and procedures to be followed by organizations to ensure high-level quality while reducing security risks. This research uses a survey of industry professionals to help identify best practices for developing software with fewer defects from the early stages of the SDLC to improve both the quality and security of software. Results show that there is a need for better security awareness among all members of software development teams.
文摘Existing highway emergency personnel allocation patterns exhibit imbalances in the workload of emergency personnel on some road sections.On certain road sections with low traffic volumes and minimal toll revenue,the operational costs for emergency personnel are excessively high.Therefore,an efficient and economical method is required for the allocation of highway emergency personnel to respond to complex and dynamic highway emergencies.We established an optimization model for emergency personnel allocation based on an improved emperor penguin optimization(EPO)algorithm.First,the model introduces assumptions regarding the resource consumption of highway emergency tasks,guaranteed task operation time and sequential order of task execution by emergency personnel.The highway emergency personnel allocation problem is described mathematically.The optimization objectives of the model include minimizing the weighted processing time of emergency events,maximizing the workload balance and minimizing deployment costs.Constraints on emergency resource allocation are also defined.We propose an improved EPO algorithm that focuses on the initialization and optimization stages,improving parameter configuration,position updating,iterative convergence and disaster evaluation.Data from a traffic management office in Kunming,China were used for case analysis.We focused on the relationship between emergency events and the locations of emergency protection sites.We also examined the allocation of resources for traffic and natural disasters.Additionally,the resource deployment costs before and after optimization were compared.The results demonstrate that the proposed model reduces the cost of resource allocation by 30.6%and greatly improves the optimization of highway emergency staffing.
基金financial support for this research received from the U.S.National Science Foundation(NSF)CBET 1804321Any opinions and findings in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the NSF.
文摘Smart offices can help employers attract and retain talented people and can positively impact well-being and productivity.Thanks to emerging technologies and increased computational power,smart buildings with a specific focus on personal experience are gaining attraction.Real-time monitoring and estimation of the human states are key to achieving individual satisfaction.Although some studies have incorporated real-time data into the buildings to predict occupants’indoor experience(e.g.,thermal comfort and work engagement),a detailed framework to integrate personal prediction models with building systems has not been well studied.Therefore,this paper proposes a framework to predict and track the real-time states of each individual and assist with decision-making(e.g.,room assignment and indoor environment control).The core idea of the framework is to distinguish individuals by a new concept of Digital ID(DID),which is then integrated with recognition,prediction,recommendation,visualization,and feedback systems.The establishment of the DID database is discussed and a systematic prediction methodology to determine occupants’indoor comfort is developed.Based on the prediction results,the Comfort Score Index(CSI)is proposed to give recommendations regarding the best-fit rooms for each individual.In addition,a visualization platform is developed for real-time monitoring of the indoor environment.To demonstrate the framework,a case study is presented.The thermal sensation is considered the reference for the room allocation,and two groups of people are used to demonstrate the framework in different scenarios.For one group of people,it is assumed that they are existing occupants with personal DID databases.People in another group are considered the new occupants without any personal database,and the public database is used to give initial guesses about their thermal sensations.The results show that the recommended rooms can provide better thermal environments for the occupants compared to the randomly assigned rooms.Furthermore,the recommendations regarding the indoor setpoints(temperature and lighting level)are illustrated using a work engagement prediction model.However,although specific indoor metrics are used in the case study to demonstrate the framework,it is scalable and can be integrated with any other algorithms and techniques,which can serve as a fundamental framework for future smart buildings.
文摘In recent years,the Federal Tax Service(FTS)of Russia has been steadi-ly evolving from service-oriented to human-centric tax administration.Taxpayers,who invest in the country’s development,could not be treated as the customers in a narrow business context.One of the top priorities of the Government of the Russian Federation is to re-focus public administration from a service-oriented approach to a client-centric model,where public services are convenient and integrated into the daily lives of the citizens.The large-scale changes require transformation of organizational culture in the tax administration.The commitment of the FTS leadership is the key to the transformation.
文摘In the evolving landscape of software development,Human-Centric Software Engineering(HCSE)is emerging as a pivotal paradigm,prioritizing human needs and experiences at the core of software engineering processes.This research delves into the fundamental principles of HCSE,its implications on software quality,and the enhanced user satisfaction it promises.Through comprehensive surveys,case study analyses,and user feedback sessions,this study reaffirms the increasing significance of HCSE in modern software development.Despite its evident benefits,the research also sheds light on the organizational barriers hindering its broad adoption.As software systems continue to intertwine with our daily lives,the research underscores the imperative shift from mere functionality to creating holistic,human-centered software experiences.
文摘工业5.0引领制造业向以人为本的智能制造(人本智造)变革,制造系统中不同岗位和角色的人展现出更多样化和更全面的操作、智能和社会属性。针对生产调度这一典型场景,在人-信息-物理生产系统(Human-cyber-physical production system,HCPPS)的语义下,定义感知层-认知层-决策层贯通的智造回路环,从环内操作人融合的适应性创新、环上决策人融合的智能化创新和环外社会人融合的可持续创新这三个角度,构建多层次人本融合框架;并分别提出面向操作人融合的适应性调度技术、面向决策人融合的人-机混合智能技术和面向社会人融合的可持续协同优化技术;最后,以飞机脉动总装线典型调度场景为案例,验证了所提技术的有效性,为实现工业5.0的人本智造提供理论和技术实践参考。
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42330510,42471245,52478061,52478060)。
文摘The smart city is not only a crucial means of promoting sustainable development,but also a strategic approach to advancing scientific urban development and governance on a global scale.Based on a textual co-occurrence analysis of policy documents,this study examines the components,development pathways,and models of smart cities in China.It identifies three distinct phases in the development process:the information project-driven phase,the holistic development phase,and the collaborative development phase.Overall,the development of smart cities in China-characterized by a strong focus on information technology projects-was primarily initiated by both central and local governments.Reflecting on the informatization process and the trajectory of smart city development in China since the mid-1990s,this paper argues that smart city initiatives must evolve beyond a purely technology-driven framework toward a more human-centered approach.Against the backdrop of ongoing urbanization and urban transformation in China,this study proposes future development strategies that integrate top-down government planning with bottom-up public engagement.It advocates for a comprehensive framework that integrates technology,human needs,and spatial planning,emphasizing the spatiotemporal coordination between technological implementation and stakeholder demands.This research offers valuable insights and strategic guidance for the future development of smart cities worldwide.
