As embodied intelligence(EI),large language models(LLMs),and cloud computing continue to advance,Industry5.0 facilitates the development of industrial artificial intelligence(Ind AI)through cyber-physical-social syste...As embodied intelligence(EI),large language models(LLMs),and cloud computing continue to advance,Industry5.0 facilitates the development of industrial artificial intelligence(Ind AI)through cyber-physical-social systems(CPSSs)with a human-centric focus.These technologies are organized by the system-wide approach of Industry 5.0,in order to empower the manufacturing industry to achieve broader societal goals of job creation,economic growth,and green production.This survey first provides a general framework of smart manufacturing in the context of Industry 5.0.Wherein,the embodied agents,like robots,sensors,and actuators,are the carriers for Ind AI,facilitating the development of the self-learning intelligence in individual entities,the collaborative intelligence in production lines and factories(smart systems),and the swarm intelligence within industrial clusters(systems of smart systems).Through the framework of CPSSs,the key technologies and their possible applications for supporting the single-agent,multi-agent and swarm-agent embodied Ind AI have been reviewed,such as the embodied perception,interaction,scheduling,multi-mode large language models,and collaborative training.Finally,to stimulate future research in this area,the open challenges and opportunities of applying Industry 5.0 to smart manufacturing are identified and discussed.The perspective of Industry 5.0-driven manufacturing industry aims to enhance operational productivity and efficiency by seamlessly integrating the virtual and physical worlds in a human-centered manner,thereby fostering an intelligent,sustainable,and resilient industrial landscape.展开更多
Generative Artificial Intelligence(GenAI)systems have achieved remarkable capabilities across text,code,and image generation;however,their outputs remain prone to errors,hallucinations,and biases.Users often overtrust...Generative Artificial Intelligence(GenAI)systems have achieved remarkable capabilities across text,code,and image generation;however,their outputs remain prone to errors,hallucinations,and biases.Users often overtrust these outputs due to limited transparency,which can lead to misuse and decision errors.This study addresses the challenge of calibrating trust in GenAI through a human centered testing framework enhanced with adaptive explainability.We introduce a methodology that adjusts explanations dynamically according to user expertise,model output confidence,and contextual risk factors,providing guidance that is informative but not overwhelming.The framework was evaluated using outputs from OpenAI’s Generative Pretrained Transformer 4(GPT-4)for text and code generation and Stable Diffusion,a deep generative image model,for image synthesis.The evaluation covered text,code,and visual modalities.A dataset of 5000 GenAI outputs was created and reviewed by a diverse participant group of 360 individuals categorized by expertise level.Results show that adaptive explanations improve error detection rates,reduce the mean squared trust calibration error,and maintain efficient decision making compared with both static and no explanation conditions.Theframework increased error detection by up to 16% across expertise levels,a gain that can provide practical benefits in high stakes fields.For example,in healthcare it may help identify diagnostic errors earlier,and in law it may prevent reliance on flawed evidence in judicial work.These improvements highlight the framework’s potential to make Artificial Intelligence(AI)deployment safer and more accountable.Visual analyses,including trust accuracy plots,reliability diagrams,and misconception maps,show that the adaptive approach reduces overtrust and reveals patterns of misunderstanding across modalities.Statistical results confirmthe robustness of thesefindings across novice,intermediate,and expert users.The study offers insights for designing explanations that balance completeness and simplicity to improve trust calibration and cognitive load.The approach has implications for safe and transparent GenAI deployment and can inform both AI interface design and policy development for responsible AI use.展开更多
Intelligent techniques foster the dissemination of new discoveries and novel technologies that advance the ability of robots to assist and support humans. The human-centered intelligent robot has become an important r...Intelligent techniques foster the dissemination of new discoveries and novel technologies that advance the ability of robots to assist and support humans. The human-centered intelligent robot has become an important research field that spans all of the robot capabilities including navigation, intelligent control, pattern recognition and human-robot interaction. This paper focuses on the recent achievements and presents a survey of existing works on human-centered robots. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive survey of the recent development of the human-centered intelligent robot and discuss the issues and challenges in the field.展开更多
Single Pilot Operations(SPO),as a NextGen concept of operation,can save both crew costs and human resources for airlines,and has attracted the attention of aviation researchers.To explore in advance the problems that ...Single Pilot Operations(SPO),as a NextGen concept of operation,can save both crew costs and human resources for airlines,and has attracted the attention of aviation researchers.To explore in advance the problems that the introduction of SPO into the aviation system would bring,the Human-Centered Design(HCD)approach has been widely used in the development of SPO.A systematic review of the progress of HCD approach in SPO research can promote further development of SPO.In this paper,the literature resources of SPO were firstly retrieved from scientific research databases by subject search and were used as the input of scientometric analysis to obtain the highly cited literature,the number of annual publications,and the co-authorship network,which enables readers to understand the research trends and research groups of current SPO.Secondly,the development,application,and research process of the HCD approach were introduced in detail,and the progress of the HCD approach in SPO research was reviewed systematically from three aspects:concept design,function allocation,and system evaluation.Finally,limitations of current SPO research and future research directions for applying the HCD approach to SPO were also discussed.展开更多
Although there are certain differences in the center of gravity between rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,their connotations and goals require that both must be promoted in concert.Therefore,based o...Although there are certain differences in the center of gravity between rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,their connotations and goals require that both must be promoted in concert.Therefore,based on a deep understanding of the connotation of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,it is necessary to clarify the goals of the two through the two-way flow of elements between urban and rural areas,the urban-rural linkage of industries,to achieve coordinated promotion of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization in China.展开更多
The special issue aims to address a broad spectrum of topics ranging from human-centered intelligent robots acting as a servant,secretary,or companion to intelligent robotic functions.The special issue publishes origi...The special issue aims to address a broad spectrum of topics ranging from human-centered intelligent robots acting as a servant,secretary,or companion to intelligent robotic functions.The special issue publishes original papers of innovative ideas and concepts,new discoveries,and novel applications and business models relevant to the field of human-centered intelligent robots.In this special issue,modeling,intelligent control,展开更多
This letter proposes a categorization matrix to analyze the playing style of a computer game player for a shooting game genre. Our aim is to use human-centered modeling as a strategy for adaptive games based on entert...This letter proposes a categorization matrix to analyze the playing style of a computer game player for a shooting game genre. Our aim is to use human-centered modeling as a strategy for adaptive games based on entertainment measure to evaluate the playing experience. We utilized a self-organizing map (SOM) to cluster the player's style with the data obtained while playing the game. We further argued that style-based adaptation contributes to higher enjoyment, and this is reflected in our experiment using a supervised multilayered perceptron (MLP) network.展开更多
This paper first introduces the development process of urban street green landscape in China and the human-centered thinking of the design of urban street green landscape.On the basis of detailed elaboration of the ba...This paper first introduces the development process of urban street green landscape in China and the human-centered thinking of the design of urban street green landscape.On the basis of detailed elaboration of the basic theories of urban street green landscape,it analyzes the existing problems and causes for urban street green landscape.Then,from the perspective of human-centered thought,it comes up with several measures for optimizing the green landscape design of urban streets,to provide much more human-centered experience of urban street green landscape.展开更多
With the development of mechanization popularity in rural area, agricultural machinery product not only needs to meet the production goals, and also requires the simple operation and human-centered. Human-centered des...With the development of mechanization popularity in rural area, agricultural machinery product not only needs to meet the production goals, and also requires the simple operation and human-centered. Human-centered design is always, on the basis of the user＇ s requirement and usage, to think over the issues by regarding operator as the center, and to design the products by emphasizing the ease of use and understandability during design and manufacture. In this study, Stubble-Mulch Rotocultivator for Boat Tractor （SMRBT） is chosen as the design object. The coordination approach of the user, machine and environment is discussed by deeply investigating their relationship, which is an empirical study of the human-centered technology of agricultural machinery.展开更多
Generative artificial intelligence(Generative AI)is reshaping both learning and teaching paradigms in medical education.With the advancement of Large Language Models(LLMs)-based tools such as ChatGPT,Gemini,and other ...Generative artificial intelligence(Generative AI)is reshaping both learning and teaching paradigms in medical education.With the advancement of Large Language Models(LLMs)-based tools such as ChatGPT,Gemini,and other medical-domain-specific models,Generative AI shows strong potential to address persistent challenges in medical education,including rigid curricula,unequal access to educational resources,and the diverse learning needs of medical students.This review summarizes the applications of Generative AI across key domains:(1)personalized learning through real-time analysis of student performance;(2)clinical skills training via immersive simulations and virtual patients;(3)automated generation of teaching materials such as clinical cases and assessments;and(4)support for student research and academic writing.Empirical evidence indicates that Generative AI-enhanced instruction can improve knowledge acquisition,clinical reasoning,and overall educational efficiency.However,challenges remain,including the generation of inaccurate or fabricated content,risks to academic integrity,algorithmic bias,data privacy concerns,and unresolved ethical issues regarding AI’s role in teaching.Without proper oversight,these risks may compromise educational quality and equity.To ensure responsible adoption,this review advocates for the establishment of institutional policies,enhancement of educators’AI literacy,transparent model validation,and a human-centered design framework that positions Generative AI as a collaborative teaching assistant.When responsibly integrated,Generative AI holds the transformative potential to cultivate future medical professionals equipped with clinical competence,responsibility,and innovative thinking.展开更多
Urbanisation presents complex challenges,including optimising land use,managing transportation networks,and ensuring equitable resource distribution.Artificial intelligence(AI)offers transformative solutions that enab...Urbanisation presents complex challenges,including optimising land use,managing transportation networks,and ensuring equitable resource distribution.Artificial intelligence(AI)offers transformative solutions that enable data-driven urban planning to improve efficiency and address system interdependencies.Despite advancements across various domains,fragmented AI implementation has limited the ability to address broader urban challenges.This paper proposes an AI-powered framework for optimising and reshaping urban spaces,underpinned by interdisciplinary integration and human-centered design.The framework combines data-driven decision-making,adaptive technologies,and participatory mechanisms to address current gaps and foster more cohesive urban systems.By prioritising inclusivity,adaptability,and sustainability,this framework offers a path toward creating resilient and inclusive urban environments.Future research should explore multi-dimensional data integration,adaptive systems,and stakeholder engagement in realizing AI’s full potential in shaping the cities of tomorrow.展开更多
Visual analytics focuses on amplifying users’reasoning and understanding by enhancing data analysis procedures with the efficient incorporation of information visualization and data processing techniques.In this stud...Visual analytics focuses on amplifying users’reasoning and understanding by enhancing data analysis procedures with the efficient incorporation of information visualization and data processing techniques.In this study,we conduct an overview of this multidisciplinary field,focusing on both the process that formalizes its primary concepts and the affiliated research areas.We identify key developments in each area,as well as the challenges that arise when these areas are interconnected under the visual analytics process.We consider that to address the identified challenges,an appropriate representation of key user needs is essential.Therefore,inspired by human-centered design and its principles,we propose a novel methodological approach comprising a human-centered definition of visual analytics that expands on models of the field and quantifies the intermediate states of a data analysis.In addition to the theoretical aspects of the definition,we also provide a set of directions that align the process with technical aspects of the development cycle.In this respect,our research endeavor aims to transform the visual analytics process into an essential method for both conceptualizing data analysis systems capable of anticipating user needs and for streamlining their technical implementation.展开更多
Concept of city square was introduced and believed as an important component of urban landscape and also a major space for urban residents' activities. Beauty of city square lies in the interaction between environ...Concept of city square was introduced and believed as an important component of urban landscape and also a major space for urban residents' activities. Beauty of city square lies in the interaction between environment and social behaviors. By introducing the two-way interaction between city square and users, behavior psychology was proposed as the foundation of environment design of plaza. As more and more attention is given to humancentered design of outdoor spaces, environment psychology has gradually been more applied in the design of various urban landscape spaces. In view of problems in the present square design, relevant theories of environment psychology were introduced to analyze psychological needs and behavior characteristics of people in outdoor spaces, and techniques for human- centered designs of city square explored to build public spaces for city dwellers.展开更多
The establishment of happiness index evaluation system for tourism resorts is an effective approach to enhance the scientific development of resorts and the well-being of people. Through analyzing happiness indexes of...The establishment of happiness index evaluation system for tourism resorts is an effective approach to enhance the scientific development of resorts and the well-being of people. Through analyzing happiness indexes of population in tourism resorts, this study aims to provide references for the scientific development of resorts.展开更多
Three development stages of living environment design in China were summarized,characteristics in different stages introduced,and suggestions given in view of specific problems.It was proposed that design of modern li...Three development stages of living environment design in China were summarized,characteristics in different stages introduced,and suggestions given in view of specific problems.It was proposed that design of modern living environment should be harmonious with the whole environment,innovative spirits and creative designs should be highlighted in the living environment,and regional characteristics,historic and cultural succession should be valued.展开更多
It has become a common pursuit of designers to construct comfortable,energy-conserving,high-efficiency and natural living environment since the early 21st century.In the coming low-carbon age,the evolution of low-carb...It has become a common pursuit of designers to construct comfortable,energy-conserving,high-efficiency and natural living environment since the early 21st century.In the coming low-carbon age,the evolution of low-carbon concepts will surely bring positive influence on the present planning concepts of residential community,and meanwhile,propose higher requirements on the natural and ecological properties of residential community,such as its infrastructure construction,traffic organization,environment greening and so on.Through analyzing relevant concepts of low carbon,the authors studied the development of low-carbon concepts in "human-centered" designs,and its applications in architecture,traffic and green spaces.This study proposed that the improvement of low-carbon society could be started from the design of low-carbon residential communities,so as to satisfy the increasing ecological needs of people on living environment,and play a promotional role in facilitating the sustainable development of society.展开更多
The implementation of artificial intelligence(AI)in a smart society,in which the analysis of human habits is mandatory,requires automated data scheduling and analysis using smart applications,a smart infrastructure,sm...The implementation of artificial intelligence(AI)in a smart society,in which the analysis of human habits is mandatory,requires automated data scheduling and analysis using smart applications,a smart infrastructure,smart systems,and a smart network.In this context,which is characterized by a large gap between training and operative processes,a dedicated method is required to manage and extract the massive amount of data and the related information mining.The method presented in this work aims to reduce this gap with near-zero-failure advanced diagnostics(AD)for smart management,which is exploitable in any context of Society 5.0,thus reducing the risk factors at all management levels and ensuring quality and sustainability.We have also developed innovative applications for a humancentered management system to support scheduling in the maintenance of operative processes,for reducing training costs,for improving production yield,and for creating a human–machine cyberspace for smart infrastructure design.The results obtained in 12 international companies demonstrate a possible global standardization of operative processes,leading to the design of a near-zero-failure intelligent system that is able to learn and upgrade itself.Our new method provides guidance for selecting the new generation of intelligent manufacturing and smart systems in order to optimize human–machine interactions,with the related smart maintenance and education.展开更多
Human adoption of artificial intelligence(AI)technique is largely hampered because of the increasing complexity and opacity of AI development.Explainable AI(XAI)techniques with various methods and tools have been deve...Human adoption of artificial intelligence(AI)technique is largely hampered because of the increasing complexity and opacity of AI development.Explainable AI(XAI)techniques with various methods and tools have been developed to bridge this gap between high-performance black-box AI models and human understanding.However,the current adoption of XAI technique stil lacks"human-centered"guidance for designing proper solutions to meet different stakeholders'needs in XAI practice.We first summarize a human-centered demand framework to categorize different stakeholders into five key roles with specific demands by reviewing existing research and then extract six commonly used human-centered XAI evaluation measures which are helpful for validating the effect of XAI.In addition,a taxonomy of XAI methods is developed for visual computing with analysis of method properties.Holding clearer human demands and XAI methods in mind,we take a medical image diagnosis scenario as an example to present an overview of how extant XAI approaches for visual computing fulfil stakeholders'human-centered demands in practice.And we check the availability of open-source XAI tools for stakeholders'use.This survey provides further guidance for matching diverse human demands with appropriate XAI methods or tools in specific applications with a summary of main challenges and future work toward human-centered XAI in practice.展开更多
Background The personality and feedback of an animated pedagogical agent(APA)are vital social-emotional features that render the agent perceptually believable.Their effects on learning during virtual training need to ...Background The personality and feedback of an animated pedagogical agent(APA)are vital social-emotional features that render the agent perceptually believable.Their effects on learning during virtual training need to be examined.Methods In this paper,an explanation model is proposed to clarify the underlying mechanism of how these two features affect learners.Two studies were conducted to investigate the model.In Study 1,the effect of the APA's personality type and feedback strategy on flow experience and performance was reexamined,revealing significant effects of the feedback strategy on flow and performance and a marginally significant effect of the personality type on performance.To explore the mechanism behind these effects,a theoretical model is proposed by distinguishing between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation effects.In Study 2,the model was evaluated,and the APA's personality type was found to significantly influence the factors in the path of the extrinsic motivation effect rather than those in the path of the intrinsic motivation effect.Results In contrast,the feedback strategy affected factors in the path of the intrinsic motivation effect.Conclusions These results validated the proposed model.Further distinguishing the two motivation effects is necessary to understand the respective effects of an APA's personality and feedback features on learning experiences and outcomes.展开更多
While digital technology holds great potential to help realize our collective educational commitments and to build the futures of education beyond 2030,it also comes with negative consequences and uncharted risks.To b...While digital technology holds great potential to help realize our collective educational commitments and to build the futures of education beyond 2030,it also comes with negative consequences and uncharted risks.To be effective,digital education needs to be properly steered and governed to ensure it serves public interests,happens in public spaces,and is accountable to the public.This paper first provides a comprehensive overview on UNESCO’s human-centered approach to steering digital education that counter-balances dominant techno-solutionist thinking.This includes ensuring that the use of digital technology enhances human capacity,rather than undermining it,adequately addresses digital divides and digital gender inequality,and assures effective regulation to minimize the negative impact both on human well-being,and on the environment.This paper then presents recommendations to help build integrated digital education systems which prioritize support for teachers,and which address connectivity issues,not only with opportunities for the strengthening of competencies,but also with open access inclusive quality digital learning content.Finally,this paper shares a forward-looking vision for the futures of school systems,exemplified by a framework of digital open schools.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB1714300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62233005,U2441245,62173141)+3 种基金CNPC Innovation Found(2024DQ02-0507)Shanghai Natural Science(24ZR1416400)Shanghai Baiyu Lan Talent Program Pujiang Project(24PJD020)the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(the 111 Project)(B17017)
文摘As embodied intelligence(EI),large language models(LLMs),and cloud computing continue to advance,Industry5.0 facilitates the development of industrial artificial intelligence(Ind AI)through cyber-physical-social systems(CPSSs)with a human-centric focus.These technologies are organized by the system-wide approach of Industry 5.0,in order to empower the manufacturing industry to achieve broader societal goals of job creation,economic growth,and green production.This survey first provides a general framework of smart manufacturing in the context of Industry 5.0.Wherein,the embodied agents,like robots,sensors,and actuators,are the carriers for Ind AI,facilitating the development of the self-learning intelligence in individual entities,the collaborative intelligence in production lines and factories(smart systems),and the swarm intelligence within industrial clusters(systems of smart systems).Through the framework of CPSSs,the key technologies and their possible applications for supporting the single-agent,multi-agent and swarm-agent embodied Ind AI have been reviewed,such as the embodied perception,interaction,scheduling,multi-mode large language models,and collaborative training.Finally,to stimulate future research in this area,the open challenges and opportunities of applying Industry 5.0 to smart manufacturing are identified and discussed.The perspective of Industry 5.0-driven manufacturing industry aims to enhance operational productivity and efficiency by seamlessly integrating the virtual and physical worlds in a human-centered manner,thereby fostering an intelligent,sustainable,and resilient industrial landscape.
文摘Generative Artificial Intelligence(GenAI)systems have achieved remarkable capabilities across text,code,and image generation;however,their outputs remain prone to errors,hallucinations,and biases.Users often overtrust these outputs due to limited transparency,which can lead to misuse and decision errors.This study addresses the challenge of calibrating trust in GenAI through a human centered testing framework enhanced with adaptive explainability.We introduce a methodology that adjusts explanations dynamically according to user expertise,model output confidence,and contextual risk factors,providing guidance that is informative but not overwhelming.The framework was evaluated using outputs from OpenAI’s Generative Pretrained Transformer 4(GPT-4)for text and code generation and Stable Diffusion,a deep generative image model,for image synthesis.The evaluation covered text,code,and visual modalities.A dataset of 5000 GenAI outputs was created and reviewed by a diverse participant group of 360 individuals categorized by expertise level.Results show that adaptive explanations improve error detection rates,reduce the mean squared trust calibration error,and maintain efficient decision making compared with both static and no explanation conditions.Theframework increased error detection by up to 16% across expertise levels,a gain that can provide practical benefits in high stakes fields.For example,in healthcare it may help identify diagnostic errors earlier,and in law it may prevent reliance on flawed evidence in judicial work.These improvements highlight the framework’s potential to make Artificial Intelligence(AI)deployment safer and more accountable.Visual analyses,including trust accuracy plots,reliability diagrams,and misconception maps,show that the adaptive approach reduces overtrust and reveals patterns of misunderstanding across modalities.Statistical results confirmthe robustness of thesefindings across novice,intermediate,and expert users.The study offers insights for designing explanations that balance completeness and simplicity to improve trust calibration and cognitive load.The approach has implications for safe and transparent GenAI deployment and can inform both AI interface design and policy development for responsible AI use.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61573147,91520201,61625303,61522302,61761130080)Guangzhou Research Collaborative Innovation Projects(2014Y2-00507)+2 种基金Guangdong Science and Technology Research Collaborative Innovation Projects(20138010102010,20148090901056,20158020214003)Guangdong Science and Technology Plan Project(Application Technology Research Foundation)(2015B020233006)National High-Tech Research and De-velopment Program of China(863 Program)(2015AA042303)
文摘Intelligent techniques foster the dissemination of new discoveries and novel technologies that advance the ability of robots to assist and support humans. The human-centered intelligent robot has become an important research field that spans all of the robot capabilities including navigation, intelligent control, pattern recognition and human-robot interaction. This paper focuses on the recent achievements and presents a survey of existing works on human-centered robots. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive survey of the recent development of the human-centered intelligent robot and discuss the issues and challenges in the field.
基金This research was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(No.20ZR1427800)the New Young Teachers Launch Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China(No.20X100040036).
文摘Single Pilot Operations(SPO),as a NextGen concept of operation,can save both crew costs and human resources for airlines,and has attracted the attention of aviation researchers.To explore in advance the problems that the introduction of SPO into the aviation system would bring,the Human-Centered Design(HCD)approach has been widely used in the development of SPO.A systematic review of the progress of HCD approach in SPO research can promote further development of SPO.In this paper,the literature resources of SPO were firstly retrieved from scientific research databases by subject search and were used as the input of scientometric analysis to obtain the highly cited literature,the number of annual publications,and the co-authorship network,which enables readers to understand the research trends and research groups of current SPO.Secondly,the development,application,and research process of the HCD approach were introduced in detail,and the progress of the HCD approach in SPO research was reviewed systematically from three aspects:concept design,function allocation,and system evaluation.Finally,limitations of current SPO research and future research directions for applying the HCD approach to SPO were also discussed.
基金Supported by Key Project of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Education Department——"Research on the Agricultural Supply-side Structural Reform Based on the Integration of Three Rural Industries"(18D031).
文摘Although there are certain differences in the center of gravity between rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,their connotations and goals require that both must be promoted in concert.Therefore,based on a deep understanding of the connotation of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,it is necessary to clarify the goals of the two through the two-way flow of elements between urban and rural areas,the urban-rural linkage of industries,to achieve coordinated promotion of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization in China.
文摘The special issue aims to address a broad spectrum of topics ranging from human-centered intelligent robots acting as a servant,secretary,or companion to intelligent robotic functions.The special issue publishes original papers of innovative ideas and concepts,new discoveries,and novel applications and business models relevant to the field of human-centered intelligent robots.In this special issue,modeling,intelligent control,
基金supported by the Soongsil University Research Fundthe Information Technology Research Center (ITRC) Support Program of the Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE), Korea
文摘This letter proposes a categorization matrix to analyze the playing style of a computer game player for a shooting game genre. Our aim is to use human-centered modeling as a strategy for adaptive games based on entertainment measure to evaluate the playing experience. We utilized a self-organizing map (SOM) to cluster the player's style with the data obtained while playing the game. We further argued that style-based adaptation contributes to higher enjoyment, and this is reflected in our experiment using a supervised multilayered perceptron (MLP) network.
文摘This paper first introduces the development process of urban street green landscape in China and the human-centered thinking of the design of urban street green landscape.On the basis of detailed elaboration of the basic theories of urban street green landscape,it analyzes the existing problems and causes for urban street green landscape.Then,from the perspective of human-centered thought,it comes up with several measures for optimizing the green landscape design of urban streets,to provide much more human-centered experience of urban street green landscape.
文摘With the development of mechanization popularity in rural area, agricultural machinery product not only needs to meet the production goals, and also requires the simple operation and human-centered. Human-centered design is always, on the basis of the user＇ s requirement and usage, to think over the issues by regarding operator as the center, and to design the products by emphasizing the ease of use and understandability during design and manufacture. In this study, Stubble-Mulch Rotocultivator for Boat Tractor （SMRBT） is chosen as the design object. The coordination approach of the user, machine and environment is discussed by deeply investigating their relationship, which is an empirical study of the human-centered technology of agricultural machinery.
文摘Generative artificial intelligence(Generative AI)is reshaping both learning and teaching paradigms in medical education.With the advancement of Large Language Models(LLMs)-based tools such as ChatGPT,Gemini,and other medical-domain-specific models,Generative AI shows strong potential to address persistent challenges in medical education,including rigid curricula,unequal access to educational resources,and the diverse learning needs of medical students.This review summarizes the applications of Generative AI across key domains:(1)personalized learning through real-time analysis of student performance;(2)clinical skills training via immersive simulations and virtual patients;(3)automated generation of teaching materials such as clinical cases and assessments;and(4)support for student research and academic writing.Empirical evidence indicates that Generative AI-enhanced instruction can improve knowledge acquisition,clinical reasoning,and overall educational efficiency.However,challenges remain,including the generation of inaccurate or fabricated content,risks to academic integrity,algorithmic bias,data privacy concerns,and unresolved ethical issues regarding AI’s role in teaching.Without proper oversight,these risks may compromise educational quality and equity.To ensure responsible adoption,this review advocates for the establishment of institutional policies,enhancement of educators’AI literacy,transparent model validation,and a human-centered design framework that positions Generative AI as a collaborative teaching assistant.When responsibly integrated,Generative AI holds the transformative potential to cultivate future medical professionals equipped with clinical competence,responsibility,and innovative thinking.
文摘Urbanisation presents complex challenges,including optimising land use,managing transportation networks,and ensuring equitable resource distribution.Artificial intelligence(AI)offers transformative solutions that enable data-driven urban planning to improve efficiency and address system interdependencies.Despite advancements across various domains,fragmented AI implementation has limited the ability to address broader urban challenges.This paper proposes an AI-powered framework for optimising and reshaping urban spaces,underpinned by interdisciplinary integration and human-centered design.The framework combines data-driven decision-making,adaptive technologies,and participatory mechanisms to address current gaps and foster more cohesive urban systems.By prioritising inclusivity,adaptability,and sustainability,this framework offers a path toward creating resilient and inclusive urban environments.Future research should explore multi-dimensional data integration,adaptive systems,and stakeholder engagement in realizing AI’s full potential in shaping the cities of tomorrow.
基金funding from the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101073876(Ceasefire).
文摘Visual analytics focuses on amplifying users’reasoning and understanding by enhancing data analysis procedures with the efficient incorporation of information visualization and data processing techniques.In this study,we conduct an overview of this multidisciplinary field,focusing on both the process that formalizes its primary concepts and the affiliated research areas.We identify key developments in each area,as well as the challenges that arise when these areas are interconnected under the visual analytics process.We consider that to address the identified challenges,an appropriate representation of key user needs is essential.Therefore,inspired by human-centered design and its principles,we propose a novel methodological approach comprising a human-centered definition of visual analytics that expands on models of the field and quantifies the intermediate states of a data analysis.In addition to the theoretical aspects of the definition,we also provide a set of directions that align the process with technical aspects of the development cycle.In this respect,our research endeavor aims to transform the visual analytics process into an essential method for both conceptualizing data analysis systems capable of anticipating user needs and for streamlining their technical implementation.
文摘Concept of city square was introduced and believed as an important component of urban landscape and also a major space for urban residents' activities. Beauty of city square lies in the interaction between environment and social behaviors. By introducing the two-way interaction between city square and users, behavior psychology was proposed as the foundation of environment design of plaza. As more and more attention is given to humancentered design of outdoor spaces, environment psychology has gradually been more applied in the design of various urban landscape spaces. In view of problems in the present square design, relevant theories of environment psychology were introduced to analyze psychological needs and behavior characteristics of people in outdoor spaces, and techniques for human- centered designs of city square explored to build public spaces for city dwellers.
文摘The establishment of happiness index evaluation system for tourism resorts is an effective approach to enhance the scientific development of resorts and the well-being of people. Through analyzing happiness indexes of population in tourism resorts, this study aims to provide references for the scientific development of resorts.
文摘Three development stages of living environment design in China were summarized,characteristics in different stages introduced,and suggestions given in view of specific problems.It was proposed that design of modern living environment should be harmonious with the whole environment,innovative spirits and creative designs should be highlighted in the living environment,and regional characteristics,historic and cultural succession should be valued.
文摘It has become a common pursuit of designers to construct comfortable,energy-conserving,high-efficiency and natural living environment since the early 21st century.In the coming low-carbon age,the evolution of low-carbon concepts will surely bring positive influence on the present planning concepts of residential community,and meanwhile,propose higher requirements on the natural and ecological properties of residential community,such as its infrastructure construction,traffic organization,environment greening and so on.Through analyzing relevant concepts of low carbon,the authors studied the development of low-carbon concepts in "human-centered" designs,and its applications in architecture,traffic and green spaces.This study proposed that the improvement of low-carbon society could be started from the design of low-carbon residential communities,so as to satisfy the increasing ecological needs of people on living environment,and play a promotional role in facilitating the sustainable development of society.
文摘The implementation of artificial intelligence(AI)in a smart society,in which the analysis of human habits is mandatory,requires automated data scheduling and analysis using smart applications,a smart infrastructure,smart systems,and a smart network.In this context,which is characterized by a large gap between training and operative processes,a dedicated method is required to manage and extract the massive amount of data and the related information mining.The method presented in this work aims to reduce this gap with near-zero-failure advanced diagnostics(AD)for smart management,which is exploitable in any context of Society 5.0,thus reducing the risk factors at all management levels and ensuring quality and sustainability.We have also developed innovative applications for a humancentered management system to support scheduling in the maintenance of operative processes,for reducing training costs,for improving production yield,and for creating a human–machine cyberspace for smart infrastructure design.The results obtained in 12 international companies demonstrate a possible global standardization of operative processes,leading to the design of a near-zero-failure intelligent system that is able to learn and upgrade itself.Our new method provides guidance for selecting the new generation of intelligent manufacturing and smart systems in order to optimize human–machine interactions,with the related smart maintenance and education.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61772111 and 72010107002).
文摘Human adoption of artificial intelligence(AI)technique is largely hampered because of the increasing complexity and opacity of AI development.Explainable AI(XAI)techniques with various methods and tools have been developed to bridge this gap between high-performance black-box AI models and human understanding.However,the current adoption of XAI technique stil lacks"human-centered"guidance for designing proper solutions to meet different stakeholders'needs in XAI practice.We first summarize a human-centered demand framework to categorize different stakeholders into five key roles with specific demands by reviewing existing research and then extract six commonly used human-centered XAI evaluation measures which are helpful for validating the effect of XAI.In addition,a taxonomy of XAI methods is developed for visual computing with analysis of method properties.Holding clearer human demands and XAI methods in mind,we take a medical image diagnosis scenario as an example to present an overview of how extant XAI approaches for visual computing fulfil stakeholders'human-centered demands in practice.And we check the availability of open-source XAI tools for stakeholders'use.This survey provides further guidance for matching diverse human demands with appropriate XAI methods or tools in specific applications with a summary of main challenges and future work toward human-centered XAI in practice.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61802232)the Young Scholars Program of Shandong University,Weihai (20820211005)
文摘Background The personality and feedback of an animated pedagogical agent(APA)are vital social-emotional features that render the agent perceptually believable.Their effects on learning during virtual training need to be examined.Methods In this paper,an explanation model is proposed to clarify the underlying mechanism of how these two features affect learners.Two studies were conducted to investigate the model.In Study 1,the effect of the APA's personality type and feedback strategy on flow experience and performance was reexamined,revealing significant effects of the feedback strategy on flow and performance and a marginally significant effect of the personality type on performance.To explore the mechanism behind these effects,a theoretical model is proposed by distinguishing between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation effects.In Study 2,the model was evaluated,and the APA's personality type was found to significantly influence the factors in the path of the extrinsic motivation effect rather than those in the path of the intrinsic motivation effect.Results In contrast,the feedback strategy affected factors in the path of the intrinsic motivation effect.Conclusions These results validated the proposed model.Further distinguishing the two motivation effects is necessary to understand the respective effects of an APA's personality and feedback features on learning experiences and outcomes.
文摘While digital technology holds great potential to help realize our collective educational commitments and to build the futures of education beyond 2030,it also comes with negative consequences and uncharted risks.To be effective,digital education needs to be properly steered and governed to ensure it serves public interests,happens in public spaces,and is accountable to the public.This paper first provides a comprehensive overview on UNESCO’s human-centered approach to steering digital education that counter-balances dominant techno-solutionist thinking.This includes ensuring that the use of digital technology enhances human capacity,rather than undermining it,adequately addresses digital divides and digital gender inequality,and assures effective regulation to minimize the negative impact both on human well-being,and on the environment.This paper then presents recommendations to help build integrated digital education systems which prioritize support for teachers,and which address connectivity issues,not only with opportunities for the strengthening of competencies,but also with open access inclusive quality digital learning content.Finally,this paper shares a forward-looking vision for the futures of school systems,exemplified by a framework of digital open schools.
