Human Resource(HR)operations increasingly rely on cloud-based platforms that provide hiring,payroll,employee management,and compliance services.These systems,typically built on multi-tenant microservice architectures,...Human Resource(HR)operations increasingly rely on cloud-based platforms that provide hiring,payroll,employee management,and compliance services.These systems,typically built on multi-tenant microservice architectures,offer scalability and efficiency but also expand the attack surface for adversaries.Ransomware has emerged as a leading threat in this domain,capable of halting workflows and exposing sensitive employee records.Traditional defenses such as static hardening and signature-based detection often fail to address the dynamic requirements of HR Software as a Service(SaaS),where continuous availability and privacy compliance are critical.This paper presents a Moving Target Defense(MTD)framework for HR SaaS that combines container mutation,IP hopping,and node reassignment to randomize the attack surface without pausing services.Many prior defenses for cloud or IoT rely on static hardening or signature-driven detection and do not meet HR SaaS needs such as uninterrupted sessions,privacy compliance,and live service continuity.This paper presents a MTD framework for HR SaaS that combines container mutation,IP hopping,and node reassignment to randomize the attack surface without pausing services.The framework runs on Kubernetes and uses a KL-divergence-based anomaly detector that monitors HR access logs across five modules(onboarding,employee records,leave,payroll,and exit).In simulation with realistic HR traffic,the approach reaches 96.9% average detection accuracy with AUC 0.94-0.98,cuts mean time to containment to 91.4 s,and lowers the ransomware encryption rate to 13.2%.Measured overheads for CPU,memory,and per-mutation latency remainmodest.Comparedwith priorMTDand non-MTD baselines,the design provides stronger containment without service interruption and aligns with zero-trust and compliance goals.Its modular implementation and control-plane orchestration support stepwise,enterprise-scale deployment in HR SaaS environments.展开更多
Aim of this study is to discuss science-practice gap in strategic human resource management(SHRM).According to HR scholars,there is science-practice gap in the field of SHRM,because firms do not apply HR systems(human...Aim of this study is to discuss science-practice gap in strategic human resource management(SHRM).According to HR scholars,there is science-practice gap in the field of SHRM,because firms do not apply HR systems(human resources).Proposal of this study is that HR systems are applied by HR managers in organizations.Thus,HR managers are to understand interrelationship among HRM practices,i.e.,HR managers get to know HR bundles.Further,high performance work systems(HPWSs)may be applied by elements in HRM practices.Thus,HR managers are to realize elements in HRM practices.For example,most important elements in compensation system are benefits,merits,incentives,and performance-based pay.Those elements increase employee satisfaction.High involvement work practices(HIWSs)may be applied by firms through board membership of managers.For example,through board membership,HR managers affect HR-related decisions at top level.Assumption is that if firms adopt HR systems,HPWS,and HIWS,SHRM may be in practice.This study puts HR managers into core center of HRM.Because to apply HR systems,HPWS and HIWS depends on HR managers’ability to understand interrelationships,elements and board membership.展开更多
M23C6 chromium-rich carbides are common grain-boundary precipitations in Cr-containing steel.The presence of grain-boundary carbides often leads to intergranular brittleness and decreases mechanical properties.This st...M23C6 chromium-rich carbides are common grain-boundary precipitations in Cr-containing steel.The presence of grain-boundary carbides often leads to intergranular brittleness and decreases mechanical properties.This study proposes a deformation and aging technique to obtain a high-volume-fraction dispersion distribution of the hard nano-M23C6 phase by changing the nucleation sites from grain boundaries to deformation coherent twin boundaries produced during cold deformation.The M23C6 precipitation-strengthened austenitic stainless steel has a strength of up to 1.4 GPa but maintains favorable plasticity(>11%).This study provides a novel approach for the control of intergranular brittleness in metallic materials.展开更多
文摘Human Resource(HR)operations increasingly rely on cloud-based platforms that provide hiring,payroll,employee management,and compliance services.These systems,typically built on multi-tenant microservice architectures,offer scalability and efficiency but also expand the attack surface for adversaries.Ransomware has emerged as a leading threat in this domain,capable of halting workflows and exposing sensitive employee records.Traditional defenses such as static hardening and signature-based detection often fail to address the dynamic requirements of HR Software as a Service(SaaS),where continuous availability and privacy compliance are critical.This paper presents a Moving Target Defense(MTD)framework for HR SaaS that combines container mutation,IP hopping,and node reassignment to randomize the attack surface without pausing services.Many prior defenses for cloud or IoT rely on static hardening or signature-driven detection and do not meet HR SaaS needs such as uninterrupted sessions,privacy compliance,and live service continuity.This paper presents a MTD framework for HR SaaS that combines container mutation,IP hopping,and node reassignment to randomize the attack surface without pausing services.The framework runs on Kubernetes and uses a KL-divergence-based anomaly detector that monitors HR access logs across five modules(onboarding,employee records,leave,payroll,and exit).In simulation with realistic HR traffic,the approach reaches 96.9% average detection accuracy with AUC 0.94-0.98,cuts mean time to containment to 91.4 s,and lowers the ransomware encryption rate to 13.2%.Measured overheads for CPU,memory,and per-mutation latency remainmodest.Comparedwith priorMTDand non-MTD baselines,the design provides stronger containment without service interruption and aligns with zero-trust and compliance goals.Its modular implementation and control-plane orchestration support stepwise,enterprise-scale deployment in HR SaaS environments.
文摘Aim of this study is to discuss science-practice gap in strategic human resource management(SHRM).According to HR scholars,there is science-practice gap in the field of SHRM,because firms do not apply HR systems(human resources).Proposal of this study is that HR systems are applied by HR managers in organizations.Thus,HR managers are to understand interrelationship among HRM practices,i.e.,HR managers get to know HR bundles.Further,high performance work systems(HPWSs)may be applied by elements in HRM practices.Thus,HR managers are to realize elements in HRM practices.For example,most important elements in compensation system are benefits,merits,incentives,and performance-based pay.Those elements increase employee satisfaction.High involvement work practices(HIWSs)may be applied by firms through board membership of managers.For example,through board membership,HR managers affect HR-related decisions at top level.Assumption is that if firms adopt HR systems,HPWS,and HIWS,SHRM may be in practice.This study puts HR managers into core center of HRM.Because to apply HR systems,HPWS and HIWS depends on HR managers’ability to understand interrelationships,elements and board membership.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52250130).
文摘M23C6 chromium-rich carbides are common grain-boundary precipitations in Cr-containing steel.The presence of grain-boundary carbides often leads to intergranular brittleness and decreases mechanical properties.This study proposes a deformation and aging technique to obtain a high-volume-fraction dispersion distribution of the hard nano-M23C6 phase by changing the nucleation sites from grain boundaries to deformation coherent twin boundaries produced during cold deformation.The M23C6 precipitation-strengthened austenitic stainless steel has a strength of up to 1.4 GPa but maintains favorable plasticity(>11%).This study provides a novel approach for the control of intergranular brittleness in metallic materials.
