Parkinson's disease(PD)is a debilitating and progressive neurodegenerative disorder with complex pathology and multiple membrane barriers that hinder drug delivery,resulting in the absence of ideal therapeutic dru...Parkinson's disease(PD)is a debilitating and progressive neurodegenerative disorder with complex pathology and multiple membrane barriers that hinder drug delivery,resulting in the absence of ideal therapeutic drugs with minimal side effects[1].Recently,natural medicine has garnered significant attention due to its remarkable efficacy and limited side effects.Icariin,a naturally occurring flavonoid,exhibits excellent potential as a therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative disease[2].However,its clinical application is limited by poor water solubility,low bioavailability,and high clearance rates.Here,an aqueous formulation of icariin/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HP-β-CD)supramolecular inclusion complex was obtained to optimize icariin properties.Furthermore,icariin cyclodextrin supramolecular inclusion complex based thermosensitive(icariin gels)was innovated.At lower temperatures,it remained in a liquid phase with high fluidity.Upon reaching the gelation temperature,it underwent a transition to a gel phase with significantly reduced fluidity,which may be suitable for the design of an intranasal delivery system for PD treatment.The innovative approach capitalizes on the exceptional characteristics of HP-β-CD,which was utilized to synergize with nasal delivery for targeted brain delivery and with icariin for PD treatment[3,4].展开更多
Cancer immunotherapy,specifically immune checkpoint therapy(ICT),has shown notable potential for treating malignant tumors[1,2].However,it is particularly ineffective in“cold”tumors like prostate and colorectal canc...Cancer immunotherapy,specifically immune checkpoint therapy(ICT),has shown notable potential for treating malignant tumors[1,2].However,it is particularly ineffective in“cold”tumors like prostate and colorectal cancers,which are characterized by low levels of inflammation,high levels of immunosuppressive cells,and limited cytotoxic T-lymphocytes(CTLs)infiltration,leading to repeated failures of ICT[3,4].Recruiting dendritic cells(DCs)and CTLs to the tumor microenvironment to transform“cold”tumors into“hot”tumors has become an urgent focus in antitumor immunotherapy.展开更多
1 Introduction Genomic islands(GIs)promote co-evolution among different species,which are of significant importance for studying microbial functionality and evolution[1].To effectively identify genomic islands,numerou...1 Introduction Genomic islands(GIs)promote co-evolution among different species,which are of significant importance for studying microbial functionality and evolution[1].To effectively identify genomic islands,numerous algorithms have been developed.These methods detect candidate genomic islands either by recognizing differences in sequence composition between genomic islands and their host genomes or by analyzing multiple genomes through sequence alignment[2].However,it’s important to note that genomic islands are formed through horizontal gene transfer and typically contain functional genes,such as those related to pathogenicity,metabolic regulation,and antibiotic resistance,as well as mobile elements like insertion sequences(IS),integrative and conjugative elements(ICE),mobile genetic elements(MGE),and bacteriophages(phage).In turn,utilizing these mobile elements can aid in the identification of genomic islands.展开更多
To the Editor,Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is an effective treatment for portal hypertension,particularly in cases of esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding.By reducing portal pressure,TIPS low...To the Editor,Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is an effective treatment for portal hypertension,particularly in cases of esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding.By reducing portal pressure,TIPS lowers the risk of variceal bleeding and manages other complications associated with portal hypertension[1].It is also effective in addressing portal cavernous malformations[2].However,it does not resolve all issues related to portal hypertension.Its effectiveness is limited in conditions such as portal vein fibrosis[3],and those similar to this case,which is provisionally termed“dysfunctional portal vein.”展开更多
Objective Genitourinary syndrome of menopause(GSM)is a common symptom among breast cancer survivors(BCSs).However,its impact on the quality of life of BCSs is not routinely addressed by all healthcare providers.Simila...Objective Genitourinary syndrome of menopause(GSM)is a common symptom among breast cancer survivors(BCSs).However,its impact on the quality of life of BCSs is not routinely addressed by all healthcare providers.Similarly,not all patients consult their healthcare providers regarding these symptoms.In this study,we aimed to investigate the proportion of BCSs who reported GSM symptoms and to explore their attitudes toward disclosing these symptoms.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2022 to March 2023 at two tertiary university hospitals in southern Thailand.BCSs completed a selfreported questionnaire containing information regarding GSM.Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors influencing the disclosure of GSM symptoms by BCSs.Results The mean age of the 173 participants was 49.0±9.2 years.45.7%(79/173)of BCSs reported at least one GSM symptom.The most common symptoms were nocturia(45.7%)and vaginal dryness(45.1%).Among the symptomatic women,61.8%never disclosed their symptoms due to embarrassment.Among those who disclosed GSM symptoms,31.8%reported them to their spouses,while 25.8%and 19.7%disclosed them to their gynaecologists and family,respectively.A higher education level was significantly associated with symptom disclosure(OR,4.38;95%CI,1.58-12.12;p=0.004).Most participants(97.7%)believed that physicians should initiate discussions on GSM.Conclusion GSM is prevalent but under-reported among Thai BCSs,possibly due to cultural embarrassment.Healthcare providers should adopt a proactive,culturally sensitive approach to facilitate early identification and individualised care for GSM symptoms in this population,thereby enhancing the quality of life of BCSs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82104399)the Science and Technology Project of Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine,China(Grant No.:22HHZYSS00001).
文摘Parkinson's disease(PD)is a debilitating and progressive neurodegenerative disorder with complex pathology and multiple membrane barriers that hinder drug delivery,resulting in the absence of ideal therapeutic drugs with minimal side effects[1].Recently,natural medicine has garnered significant attention due to its remarkable efficacy and limited side effects.Icariin,a naturally occurring flavonoid,exhibits excellent potential as a therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative disease[2].However,its clinical application is limited by poor water solubility,low bioavailability,and high clearance rates.Here,an aqueous formulation of icariin/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HP-β-CD)supramolecular inclusion complex was obtained to optimize icariin properties.Furthermore,icariin cyclodextrin supramolecular inclusion complex based thermosensitive(icariin gels)was innovated.At lower temperatures,it remained in a liquid phase with high fluidity.Upon reaching the gelation temperature,it underwent a transition to a gel phase with significantly reduced fluidity,which may be suitable for the design of an intranasal delivery system for PD treatment.The innovative approach capitalizes on the exceptional characteristics of HP-β-CD,which was utilized to synergize with nasal delivery for targeted brain delivery and with icariin for PD treatment[3,4].
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0210500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22374138 and 21977054).
文摘Cancer immunotherapy,specifically immune checkpoint therapy(ICT),has shown notable potential for treating malignant tumors[1,2].However,it is particularly ineffective in“cold”tumors like prostate and colorectal cancers,which are characterized by low levels of inflammation,high levels of immunosuppressive cells,and limited cytotoxic T-lymphocytes(CTLs)infiltration,leading to repeated failures of ICT[3,4].Recruiting dendritic cells(DCs)and CTLs to the tumor microenvironment to transform“cold”tumors into“hot”tumors has become an urgent focus in antitumor immunotherapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62172369,62302456)the Special Support Plan for High Level Talents in Zhejiang Province(2021R52019).
文摘1 Introduction Genomic islands(GIs)promote co-evolution among different species,which are of significant importance for studying microbial functionality and evolution[1].To effectively identify genomic islands,numerous algorithms have been developed.These methods detect candidate genomic islands either by recognizing differences in sequence composition between genomic islands and their host genomes or by analyzing multiple genomes through sequence alignment[2].However,it’s important to note that genomic islands are formed through horizontal gene transfer and typically contain functional genes,such as those related to pathogenicity,metabolic regulation,and antibiotic resistance,as well as mobile elements like insertion sequences(IS),integrative and conjugative elements(ICE),mobile genetic elements(MGE),and bacteriophages(phage).In turn,utilizing these mobile elements can aid in the identification of genomic islands.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program,Award No.62371474)National Key Researchand Development Program of China(Award No.2023YFC2308405)。
文摘To the Editor,Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is an effective treatment for portal hypertension,particularly in cases of esophageal and gastric variceal bleeding.By reducing portal pressure,TIPS lowers the risk of variceal bleeding and manages other complications associated with portal hypertension[1].It is also effective in addressing portal cavernous malformations[2].However,it does not resolve all issues related to portal hypertension.Its effectiveness is limited in conditions such as portal vein fibrosis[3],and those similar to this case,which is provisionally termed“dysfunctional portal vein.”
文摘Objective Genitourinary syndrome of menopause(GSM)is a common symptom among breast cancer survivors(BCSs).However,its impact on the quality of life of BCSs is not routinely addressed by all healthcare providers.Similarly,not all patients consult their healthcare providers regarding these symptoms.In this study,we aimed to investigate the proportion of BCSs who reported GSM symptoms and to explore their attitudes toward disclosing these symptoms.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2022 to March 2023 at two tertiary university hospitals in southern Thailand.BCSs completed a selfreported questionnaire containing information regarding GSM.Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors influencing the disclosure of GSM symptoms by BCSs.Results The mean age of the 173 participants was 49.0±9.2 years.45.7%(79/173)of BCSs reported at least one GSM symptom.The most common symptoms were nocturia(45.7%)and vaginal dryness(45.1%).Among the symptomatic women,61.8%never disclosed their symptoms due to embarrassment.Among those who disclosed GSM symptoms,31.8%reported them to their spouses,while 25.8%and 19.7%disclosed them to their gynaecologists and family,respectively.A higher education level was significantly associated with symptom disclosure(OR,4.38;95%CI,1.58-12.12;p=0.004).Most participants(97.7%)believed that physicians should initiate discussions on GSM.Conclusion GSM is prevalent but under-reported among Thai BCSs,possibly due to cultural embarrassment.Healthcare providers should adopt a proactive,culturally sensitive approach to facilitate early identification and individualised care for GSM symptoms in this population,thereby enhancing the quality of life of BCSs.
