Catalytic asymmetric dearomatization(CADA)has emerged as a powerful strategy for transforming planar aromatic systems into three-dimensional chiral architectures[1].Notably,the Büchner reaction and arene cyclopro...Catalytic asymmetric dearomatization(CADA)has emerged as a powerful strategy for transforming planar aromatic systems into three-dimensional chiral architectures[1].Notably,the Büchner reaction and arene cyclopropanation excel in constructing complex polycyclic frameworks[2].However,current methods predominantly rely on diazo compounds as carbene precursors(Scheme1a),which pose safety risks and limit functional group compatibility.展开更多
Various hydrogels have been explored to create minimally invasive microneedles(MNs)to extract interstitial fluid(ISF).However,current methods are time-consuming and typically require 10–15 min to extract 3–5 mg of I...Various hydrogels have been explored to create minimally invasive microneedles(MNs)to extract interstitial fluid(ISF).However,current methods are time-consuming and typically require 10–15 min to extract 3–5 mg of ISF.This study introduces two spiral-shaped swellable MN arrays:one made of gelatin methacryloyl(GelMA)and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),and the other incorporating a combination of PVA,polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),and hyaluronic acid(HA)for fast ISF extraction.These MN arrays demonstrated a rapid swelling ratio of 560±79.6%and 370±34.1%in artificial ISF within 10 min,respectively.Additionally,this study proposes a novel method that combines MNs with a custom-designed Arduino-based applicator vibrating at frequency ranges(50–100 Hz)to improve skin penetration efficiency,thereby enhancing the uptake of ISF in ex vivo.This dynamic combination enables GelMA/PVA MNs to rapidly uptake 6.41±1.01 mg of ISF in just 5 min,while PVA/PVP/HA MNs extract 5.38±0.77 mg of ISF within the same timeframe.To validate the capability of the MNs to recover glucose as the target biomarker,a mild heating procedure is used,followed by determining glucose concentration using a D-glucose content assay kit.The efficient extraction of ISF and glucose detection capabilities of the spiral MNs suggest their potential for rapid and minimally invasive biomarker sensing.展开更多
文摘Catalytic asymmetric dearomatization(CADA)has emerged as a powerful strategy for transforming planar aromatic systems into three-dimensional chiral architectures[1].Notably,the Büchner reaction and arene cyclopropanation excel in constructing complex polycyclic frameworks[2].However,current methods predominantly rely on diazo compounds as carbene precursors(Scheme1a),which pose safety risks and limit functional group compatibility.
文摘Various hydrogels have been explored to create minimally invasive microneedles(MNs)to extract interstitial fluid(ISF).However,current methods are time-consuming and typically require 10–15 min to extract 3–5 mg of ISF.This study introduces two spiral-shaped swellable MN arrays:one made of gelatin methacryloyl(GelMA)and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),and the other incorporating a combination of PVA,polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),and hyaluronic acid(HA)for fast ISF extraction.These MN arrays demonstrated a rapid swelling ratio of 560±79.6%and 370±34.1%in artificial ISF within 10 min,respectively.Additionally,this study proposes a novel method that combines MNs with a custom-designed Arduino-based applicator vibrating at frequency ranges(50–100 Hz)to improve skin penetration efficiency,thereby enhancing the uptake of ISF in ex vivo.This dynamic combination enables GelMA/PVA MNs to rapidly uptake 6.41±1.01 mg of ISF in just 5 min,while PVA/PVP/HA MNs extract 5.38±0.77 mg of ISF within the same timeframe.To validate the capability of the MNs to recover glucose as the target biomarker,a mild heating procedure is used,followed by determining glucose concentration using a D-glucose content assay kit.The efficient extraction of ISF and glucose detection capabilities of the spiral MNs suggest their potential for rapid and minimally invasive biomarker sensing.
