Unraveling the precise mineralization age is vital to understand the geodynamic setting and ore-forming mechanism of the sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposit;this has long been a challenge.The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG)tria...Unraveling the precise mineralization age is vital to understand the geodynamic setting and ore-forming mechanism of the sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposit;this has long been a challenge.The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG)triangle in the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block is a globally recognized carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn metallogenic province and also an essential part of the South China low-temperature metallogenic domain.This region has>30 million tons(Mt)Zn and Pb resources and shows the enrichment of dispersed metals,such as Ga,Ge,Cd,Se,and Tl.During the past 2 decades,abundant data on mineralization ages of Pb-Zn deposits within the SYG triangle have been documented based on various radioisotopic dating methods,resulting in significant progress in understanding the geodynamic background and ore formation of Pb-Zn deposits hosted in sedimentary rocks at SYG triangle.This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the geochronological results and Pb-Sr isotopic data regarding Pb-Zn deposits in the SYG triangle,which identified two distinct Pb-Zn mineralization periods influencing the dynamic processes associated with the expansion and closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the western margin of the Yangtze Block.The predominant phase of Pb-Zn mineralization at SYG triangle spanned from the Middle Triassic to Early Jurassic(226-191 Ma),which was intensely correlated with the large-scale basin fluid transport triggered by the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean and Indosinian orogeny.The secondary Pb-Zn mineralization phase occurred during the Late Devonian to Late Carboniferous and was controlled by extensional structures associated with the expansion of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean.Further investigation is necessary to clarify the occurrence and potential factors involved in the Pb-Zn mineralization events during the Late Devonian to Late Carboniferous.展开更多
ZTE announced that it successfully hosted IEEE802.16’s Session 31 on 17-20 May,2004 in Shenzhen,China.It isthe first time that IEEE802 session was hostedby a Chinese enterprise,and it is also anotherachievement Z’FE...ZTE announced that it successfully hosted IEEE802.16’s Session 31 on 17-20 May,2004 in Shenzhen,China.It isthe first time that IEEE802 session was hostedby a Chinese enterprise,and it is also anotherachievement Z’FE hasmade in the international展开更多
This October, besides the usual China International Trade Fair for Apparel Fabrics and Accessories held in the city of Shanghai, another important event was set to take place in Shanghai—the 2009 Annual Conference of...This October, besides the usual China International Trade Fair for Apparel Fabrics and Accessories held in the city of Shanghai, another important event was set to take place in Shanghai—the 2009 Annual Conference of the International Textile Manufacturers Federation (ITMF), making Shanghai the place focusing all the attention of the global textile industries markedly.展开更多
It has been well recognized that sand particles significantly affect the mechanical properties of reconstituted sandy clays,including the hosted clay and sand particles.However,interrelation between the permeability a...It has been well recognized that sand particles significantly affect the mechanical properties of reconstituted sandy clays,including the hosted clay and sand particles.However,interrelation between the permeability and compressibility of reconstituted sandy clays by considering the structural effects of sand particles is still rarely reported.For this,a series of consolidation-permeability coefficient tests were conducted on reconstituted sandy clays with different sand fractions(ψ_(ss)),initial void ratio of hosted clays(e_(c0))and void ratio at liquid limit of hosted clays(e_(cL)).The roles of ψ_(ss) in both the relationships of permeability coefficient of hosted clay(k_(v-hosted clay))versus effective vertical stress(σ'_(v))and void ratio of hosted clay(e_(c-hosted clay))versus σ'_(v) were analyzed.The results show that the permeability coefficient of reconstituted sandy clays(k_(v))is dominated by hosted clay(k_(v)=k_(v-hosted clay)).Both ψ_(ss) and σ'_(v) affect the k_(v) of sandy clays by changing the e_(c-hosted clay) at any given σ'_(v).Due to the partial contacts and densified clay bridges between the sand particles(i.e.structure effects),the e_(c-hosted clay) in sandy clays is higher than that in clays at the same σ'_(v)v.The k_(v)-e_(c-hosted clay) relationship of sandy clays is independent of σ'_(v) and ψ_(ss)but is a function of e_(cL).The types of hosted clays affect the k_(v) of sandy clays by changing the e_(cL).Based on the relationship between permeability coefficient and void ratio for the reconstituted clays,an empirical method for determining the k_(v) is proposed and validated for sandy clays.The predicted values are almost consistent with the measured values with k_(v-predicted)=k_(v-measured)=0.6-2.5.展开更多
Recently,a roundtable on carrying forward the Bandung Spirit,co-hosted by the Chinese People’s Institute of Foreign Affairs(CPIFA)and the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in China,took place in Beijing.Wang Yi,me...Recently,a roundtable on carrying forward the Bandung Spirit,co-hosted by the Chinese People’s Institute of Foreign Affairs(CPIFA)and the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in China,took place in Beijing.Wang Yi,member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs,delivered a written speech.Indonesian Deputy Foreign Minister Siti Nugraha Mauludiah delivered a keynote speech.CPIFA President Wang Chao,Indonesian Ambassador to Bandung Spirit Driving Modernization of the Global South China Djauhari Oratmangun,former Pakistani Foreign Minister Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri,former Deputy Foreign Minister of Myanmar U Thant Kyaw,and former Under-Secretary-General of the UN Wu Hongbo attended the roundtable and delivered speeches.Also attending were more than 60 Chinese and Indonesian experts and scholars,representatives from countries that participated in the Bandung Conference,and heads of UN agencies in China.Chinese and foreign vips carried out in-depth exchange and discussion on the theme“The Global South:Carrying Forward the Bandung Spirit and Marching Together toward Modernization.”展开更多
Traumatic brain injury is a prevalent disorder of the central nervous system.In addition to primary brain parenchymal damage,the enduring biological consequences of traumatic brain injury pose long-term risks for pati...Traumatic brain injury is a prevalent disorder of the central nervous system.In addition to primary brain parenchymal damage,the enduring biological consequences of traumatic brain injury pose long-term risks for patients with traumatic brain injury;however,the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear,and effective intervention methods are lacking.Intestinal dysfunction is a significant consequence of traumatic brain injury.Being the most densely innervated peripheral tissue in the body,the gut possesses multiple pathways for the establishment of a bidirectional“brain-gut axis”with the central nervous system.The gut harbors a vast microbial community,and alterations of the gut niche contribute to the progression of traumatic brain injury and its unfavorable prognosis through neuronal,hormonal,and immune pathways.A comprehensive understanding of microbiota-mediated peripheral neuroimmunomodulation mechanisms is needed to enhance treatment strategies for traumatic brain injury and its associated complications.We comprehensively reviewed alterations in the gut microecological environment following traumatic brain injury,with a specific focus on the complex biological processes of peripheral nerves,immunity,and microbes triggered by traumatic brain injury,encompassing autonomic dysfunction,neuroendocrine disturbances,peripheral immunosuppression,increased intestinal barrier permeability,compromised responses of sensory nerves to microorganisms,and potential effector nuclei in the central nervous system influenced by gut microbiota.Additionally,we reviewed the mechanisms underlying secondary biological injury and the dynamic pathological responses that occur following injury to enhance our current understanding of how peripheral pathways impact the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury.This review aimed to propose a conceptual model for future risk assessment of central nervous system-related diseases while elucidating novel insights into the bidirectional effects of the“brain-gut-microbiota axis.”展开更多
Objective:Gastric cancer(GC)is a globally common cancer characterized by high incidence and mortality worldwide.Advances in the molecular understanding of GC provide promising targets for GC diagnosis and therapy.Long...Objective:Gastric cancer(GC)is a globally common cancer characterized by high incidence and mortality worldwide.Advances in the molecular understanding of GC provide promising targets for GC diagnosis and therapy.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)and their downstream regulators are regarded to be implicated in the progression of multiple types of malignancies.Studies have shown that the lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 4(SNHG4)serves as a tumor promoter in various malignancies,while its function in GC has yet to be characterized.Therefore,our study aimed to explore the role and underlying mechanism of SNHG4 in GC.Methods:We used qRT-PCR to analyze SNHG4 expression in GC tissues and cells.Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the correlation between SNHG4 expression and the survival rate of GC patients.Cellular function experiments such as CCK-8,BrdU,colony formation,flow cytometry analysis,and transwell were performed to explore the effects of SNHG4 on GC cell proliferation,apoptosis,cell cycle,migration,and invasion.We also established xenograft mouse models to explore the effect of SNHG4 on GC tumor growth.Mechanically,dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the interaction between SNHG4 and miR-409-3p and between miR-409-3p and cAMP responsive element binding protein 1(CREB1).Results:The results indicated that SNHG4 was overexpressed in GC tissues and cell lines,and was linked with poor survival rate of GC patients.SNHG4 promoted GC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion while inhibiting cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in vitro.The in vivo experiment indicated that SNHG4 facilitated GC tumor growth.Furthermore,SNHG4 was demonstrated to bind to miR-409-3p.Moreover,CREB1 was directly targeted by miR-409-3p.Rescue assays demonstrated that miR-409-3p deficiency reversed the suppressive impact of SNHG4 knockdown on GC cell malignancy.Additionally,miR-409-3p was also revealed to inhibit GC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion by targeting CREB1.Conclusion:In conclusion,we verified that the SNHG4 promoted GC growth and metastasis by binding to miR-409-3p to upregulate CREB1,which may deepen the understanding of the underlying mechanism in GC development.展开更多
Background:Over the past few decades,a threefold increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes(T2D)has placed a heavy burden on the health-care system and society.Previous studies have shown correlations between obesity,T2D...Background:Over the past few decades,a threefold increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes(T2D)has placed a heavy burden on the health-care system and society.Previous studies have shown correlations between obesity,T2D,and neurodegenera-tive diseases,including dementia.It is imperative to further understand the relation-ship between obesity,T2D,and cognitive deficits.Methods:This investigation tested and evaluated the cognitive impact of obesity and T2D induced by high-fat diet(HFD)and the effect of the host genetic background on the severity of cognitive decline caused by obesity and T2D in collaborative cross(CC)mice.The CC mice are a genetically diverse panel derived from eight inbred strains.Results:Our findings demonstrated significant variations in the recorded phenotypes across different CC lines compared to the reference mouse line,C57BL/6J.CC037 line exhibited a substantial increase in body weight on HFD,whereas line CC005 ex-hibited differing responses based on sex.Glucose tolerance tests revealed significant variations,with some lines like CC005 showing a marked increase in area under the curve(AUC)values on HFD.Organ weights,including brain,spleen,liver,and kidney,varied significantly among the lines and sexes in response to HFD.Behavioral tests using the Morris water maze indicated that cognitive performance was differentially affected by diet and genetic background.Conclusions:Our study establishes a foundation for future quantitative trait loci map-ping using CC lines and identifying genes underlying the comorbidity of Alzheimer's disease(AD),caused by obesity and T2D.The genetic components may offer new tools for early prediction and prevention.展开更多
Recently,hollow carbon nanospheres(HCSs)have garnered significant attention as potential Li metal hosts owing to their unique large voids and ease of fabrication.However,similar to other nanoscale hosts,their practica...Recently,hollow carbon nanospheres(HCSs)have garnered significant attention as potential Li metal hosts owing to their unique large voids and ease of fabrication.However,similar to other nanoscale hosts,their practical performance is limited by inhomogeneous agglomeration,increased binder requirements,and high tortuosity within the electrode.To overcome these problems and high tortuosity within the electrode,this study introduces a pomegranate-like carbon microcluster composed of primary HCSs(P-CMs)as a novel Li metal host.This unique nanostructure can be easily prepared using the spray-drying technique,enabling its mass production.Comprehensive analyses with various tools demonstrate that compared with HCS hosts,the P-CM host requires a smaller amount of binder to fabricate a sufficiently robust and even surface electrode.Furthermore,owing to reduced tortuosity,the well-designed P-CM electrode can provide continuous and shortened pathways for electron/ion transport,accelerating the Li-ion transfer kinetics and prohibiting preferential Li plating at the upper region of the electrode.Due to these characteristics,Li metal can be effectively encapsulated in the large inner voids of the primary HCSs constituting the P-CM,thereby enhancing the electrochemical performance of P-CM hosts in Li metal batteries.Specifically,the Coulombic efficiency of the P-CM host can be maintained at 97%over 100 cycles,with a high Li deposition areal capacity of 3 mAh·cm^(-2)and long cycle life(1000 h,1 mA·cm^(-2),and 1.0 mAh·cm^(-2)).Furthermore,a full cell incorporating a LiFePO4 cathode exhibits excellent cycle life.展开更多
The rising prevalence of drug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens,particularly methicillin-resistant Staphy-lococcus aureus(MRSA)and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci(VRE),poses a substantial clinical challenge.Biofilm-a...The rising prevalence of drug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens,particularly methicillin-resistant Staphy-lococcus aureus(MRSA)and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci(VRE),poses a substantial clinical challenge.Biofilm-associated infections exacerbate this problem due to their inherent antibiotic resistance and complex structure.Current antibiotic treatments struggle to penetrate biofilms and eradicate persister cells,leading to prolonged antibiotic use and increased resistance.Host defense peptides(HDPs)have shown promise,but their clinical application is limited by factors such as enzymatic degradation and difficulty in largescale preparation.Synthetic HDP mimics,such as poly(2-oxazoline),have emerged as effective alter-natives.Herein,we found that the poly(2-oxazoline),Gly-POX_(20),demonstrated rapid and potent activity against clinically isolated multidrug-resistant Gram-positive strains.Gly-POX_(20) showed greater stability under physiological conditions compared to natural peptides,including resistance to protease degradation.Importantly,Gly-POX_(20) inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated mature biofilm and demonstrated superior in vivo therapeutic efficacy to vancomycin in a MRSA biofilm-associated mouse keratitis model,suggesting its potential as a novel antimicrobial agent against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria,especially biofilm-associated infections.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur batteries are considered as one of the potential solutions as integrating renewable energy systems for large-scale energy storage because of their high theoretical energy density(2600 Wh·kg^(-1))an...Lithium-sulfur batteries are considered as one of the potential solutions as integrating renewable energy systems for large-scale energy storage because of their high theoretical energy density(2600 Wh·kg^(-1))and specific capacity(1675 mAh·g^(-1)).Currently,various strategies have been proposed to overcome the technical barriers,e.g.,“shuttle effect”,capacity decay and volumetric change,which impede the successful commercialization of lithium-sulfur batteries.This paper reviews the applications of metal nitrides as the cathode hosts for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries,summa-rizes the design strategies of different host materials,and discusses the relationship between the properties of metal nitrides and their electrochemical performances.Finally,reasonable suggestions for the design and development of metal nitrides,along with ideas to promote future breakthroughs,are proposed.We hope that this review could attract more attention to metal nitrides and their derivatives,and further promote the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries.展开更多
Molecular recognition of fullerene using various host compounds is well-known in literature.But most studies focus on host-vip complexation in solution using host compounds with a single binding cavity.Herein,we rep...Molecular recognition of fullerene using various host compounds is well-known in literature.But most studies focus on host-vip complexation in solution using host compounds with a single binding cavity.Herein,we report a series of highly preorganized janusarene derivatives with homoditopic binding sites.These novel janusarenes can bind and align various fullerenes such as C_(60),C_(70),C_(84),and Gd@C_(82)in a highly efficient manner.Robust shape complementary association and assembly are observed in solution,in the bulk solid state,in the liquid crystalline state,or on surface,and the assembled structures are characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)titration,X-ray diffraction,polarized optical microscopy,and scanning tunneling microscopy.展开更多
Increased accumulation of oxytetracycline(OTC)in environmental water bodies could potentially lead to its accumulation in human body,thereby damaging human intestinal tract.Dietary interventions could be helpful for r...Increased accumulation of oxytetracycline(OTC)in environmental water bodies could potentially lead to its accumulation in human body,thereby damaging human intestinal tract.Dietary interventions could be helpful for recovery of intestinal morphology and function.Therefore,this study set zebrafish as model to explore the potential of kefir supplementation in the recovery of intestinal damage caused by exposure to OTC.In experiments by zebrafish,the rearing units used were glass tanks,each with volume of 5 L.The tanks were stocked with 12 zebrafish each.For each treatment,there were 8 replicate tanks.The zebrafish were treated with OTC followed by the addition of kefir to the food.The results showed positive improvements with kefir supplementation.Kefir treatment mitigated intestinal inflammation by reducing the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β;enhancing the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase,superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase and increasing the gene expression of intestinal tight junction proteins(ZO-1a and ZO-1b).These effects were beneficial for reversing reduced integrity of intestinal barrier caused by OTC.Moreover,kefir helped to reverse the disruption of gut microbiota caused by OTC and further impacted host metabolism.Specifically,Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens and Lactobacillus kefiri,which were derived from the kefir microbiota,were found to be enriched in the zebrafish intestine.This helped to inhibit the increased abundance of some Proteobacteria species induced by OTC treatment.Liver metabolomics analysis revealed that kefir improved OTC-induced disruptions in the tricarboxylic acid cycle,glycerophospholipid and amino acid metabolism.The differentially abundant metabolites identified included a total of 80 types after OTC exposure,with the abundance of 74 kinds significantly reversed following kefir treatment.Correlation analysis revealed that certain Proteobacteria species and above Lactobacillus species were closely linked with metabolic inhibition in zebrafish caused by OTC and metabolic restoration caused by kefir treatment,respectively.展开更多
Owing to their mechanism of action,antibiotics are prone to inducing drug resistance in the bacteria,viruses,and other pathogens.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop a novel type of antimicrobial substance to ...Owing to their mechanism of action,antibiotics are prone to inducing drug resistance in the bacteria,viruses,and other pathogens.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop a novel type of antimicrobial substance to safeguard human health.Antimicrobial peptides,members of the endogenous cathelicidin family in humans,possessing antibacterial,antiviral,and other related activities,represent promising potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics In terms of antibacterial properties.This review summarizes the relevant sources and secondary structure of LL-37 and elucidates that LL-37 not only exerts broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects through non-specific mechanisms such as disrupting pathogen cell membranes,which reduces the likelihood of resistance development,but also exhibits multiple biological activities,including immunomodulation,wound healing promotion,antitumor effects,and alleviation of osteoporosis.Currently,LL-37 shows broad application prospects in fields such as food preservation,pharmaceutical research and development,industrial biomaterial coatings,agricultural and crop disease resistance.However,LL-37 exhibits a dual role,capable of either inhibiting or promoting the proliferation of certain cancer cells depending on the context,which warrants further in-depth investigation using genetic engineering and other approaches.This article summarizes recent research progress on cathelicidin LL-37,outlines its mechanisms of action and application domains,aiming to provide a reference for future research advances on LL-37.展开更多
This study examined the EAG(Electroantennogram)responses of Stilpnotia candida to a mix of host plant volatiles and to provide a foundation for the development of plant-derived attractants.During the peak period of ad...This study examined the EAG(Electroantennogram)responses of Stilpnotia candida to a mix of host plant volatiles and to provide a foundation for the development of plant-derived attractants.During the peak period of adult eclosion,gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyzed and identified the volatiles emitted by Populus×beijingensis found in Xizang.Based on the preliminary EAG experiments and the GC‒MS results,a blending scheme was developed.EAG and Y-tube-olfactometry were employed to measure the electrophysiological and behavioural responses of unmated males and females 24 h after eclosion 10 blends of volatiles derived from five host plants.The GC–MS analysis revealed 22 volatile compounds from Populus×beijingensis leaves,composed of esters,hydrocarbons,terpenoids,alcohols,phenols,and ether.The results indicated that all 10 blending schemes produced EAG responses in mature S.candida.The concentration thresholds were between 1 and 10μg·μL^(-1),above the optimal concentration,and a corresponding decrease in EAG was observed.According to intergroup comparisons,mature S.candida had more pronounced EAG responses.Under different concentrations,there were significant differences in the EAG from male and female S.candida to each blending scheme.Behavioural response tests indicated that schemes 2,7,and 8 exhibited significantly greater attractiveness to adult S.candida.The combined results from the EAG and behavioral response experiments demonstrated that unmated male and female adult S.candida have varying degrees of sensitivity to the volatile compounds from the 10 blending schemes specific to Xizangan Populus×beijingensis.Schemes 2,7,and 8 showed robust EAG responses and attractive behavioural responses to both male and female adult S.candida.展开更多
Magnesium-lithium hybrid batteries(MLHBs)have gained increasing attention due to their combined advantages of rapid ion insertion/extraction cathode and magnesium metal anode.Herein,Sn S_(2)-SPAN hybrid cathode with s...Magnesium-lithium hybrid batteries(MLHBs)have gained increasing attention due to their combined advantages of rapid ion insertion/extraction cathode and magnesium metal anode.Herein,Sn S_(2)-SPAN hybrid cathode with strong C-Sn bond and rich defects is ingeniously constructed to realize Mg^(2+)/Li^(+)co-intercalation.The physical and chemical double-confinement synergistic engineering of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile can suppress the agglomeration of Sn S_(2)nanoparticles and the volume expansion,simultaneously promote charge transfer and enhance structural stability.The introduced abundant sulfur vacancies provide more active sites for Mg^(2+)/Li^(+)co-intercalation.Meanwhile,the beneficial effects of rich sulfur defects and C-Sn bond on enhanced electrochemical properties are further evidenced by density-functional theory(DFT)calculations.Therefore,compared with pristine SnS_(2),SnS_(2)-SPAN cathode displays high specific capacity(218 m Ah g^(-1)at 0.5A g^(-1)over 700 cycles)and ultra-long cycling life(101 m Ah g^(-1)at 5 A g^(-1)up to 28,000 cycles).And a high energy density of 307 Wh kg^(-1)can be realized by the Sn S_(2)-SPAN//Mg pouch cell.Such elaborate and simple design supplies a reference for the exploitation of advanced cathode materials with excellent electrochemical properties for MLHBs.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92162218,42302101,42202099)the Guizhou Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZK[2023]477)。
文摘Unraveling the precise mineralization age is vital to understand the geodynamic setting and ore-forming mechanism of the sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposit;this has long been a challenge.The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou(SYG)triangle in the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block is a globally recognized carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn metallogenic province and also an essential part of the South China low-temperature metallogenic domain.This region has>30 million tons(Mt)Zn and Pb resources and shows the enrichment of dispersed metals,such as Ga,Ge,Cd,Se,and Tl.During the past 2 decades,abundant data on mineralization ages of Pb-Zn deposits within the SYG triangle have been documented based on various radioisotopic dating methods,resulting in significant progress in understanding the geodynamic background and ore formation of Pb-Zn deposits hosted in sedimentary rocks at SYG triangle.This paper provides a comprehensive summary of the geochronological results and Pb-Sr isotopic data regarding Pb-Zn deposits in the SYG triangle,which identified two distinct Pb-Zn mineralization periods influencing the dynamic processes associated with the expansion and closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the western margin of the Yangtze Block.The predominant phase of Pb-Zn mineralization at SYG triangle spanned from the Middle Triassic to Early Jurassic(226-191 Ma),which was intensely correlated with the large-scale basin fluid transport triggered by the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean and Indosinian orogeny.The secondary Pb-Zn mineralization phase occurred during the Late Devonian to Late Carboniferous and was controlled by extensional structures associated with the expansion of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean.Further investigation is necessary to clarify the occurrence and potential factors involved in the Pb-Zn mineralization events during the Late Devonian to Late Carboniferous.
文摘ZTE announced that it successfully hosted IEEE802.16’s Session 31 on 17-20 May,2004 in Shenzhen,China.It isthe first time that IEEE802 session was hostedby a Chinese enterprise,and it is also anotherachievement Z’FE hasmade in the international
文摘This October, besides the usual China International Trade Fair for Apparel Fabrics and Accessories held in the city of Shanghai, another important event was set to take place in Shanghai—the 2009 Annual Conference of the International Textile Manufacturers Federation (ITMF), making Shanghai the place focusing all the attention of the global textile industries markedly.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.52278334 and 4197724)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.2242024k30066).
文摘It has been well recognized that sand particles significantly affect the mechanical properties of reconstituted sandy clays,including the hosted clay and sand particles.However,interrelation between the permeability and compressibility of reconstituted sandy clays by considering the structural effects of sand particles is still rarely reported.For this,a series of consolidation-permeability coefficient tests were conducted on reconstituted sandy clays with different sand fractions(ψ_(ss)),initial void ratio of hosted clays(e_(c0))and void ratio at liquid limit of hosted clays(e_(cL)).The roles of ψ_(ss) in both the relationships of permeability coefficient of hosted clay(k_(v-hosted clay))versus effective vertical stress(σ'_(v))and void ratio of hosted clay(e_(c-hosted clay))versus σ'_(v) were analyzed.The results show that the permeability coefficient of reconstituted sandy clays(k_(v))is dominated by hosted clay(k_(v)=k_(v-hosted clay)).Both ψ_(ss) and σ'_(v) affect the k_(v) of sandy clays by changing the e_(c-hosted clay) at any given σ'_(v).Due to the partial contacts and densified clay bridges between the sand particles(i.e.structure effects),the e_(c-hosted clay) in sandy clays is higher than that in clays at the same σ'_(v)v.The k_(v)-e_(c-hosted clay) relationship of sandy clays is independent of σ'_(v) and ψ_(ss)but is a function of e_(cL).The types of hosted clays affect the k_(v) of sandy clays by changing the e_(cL).Based on the relationship between permeability coefficient and void ratio for the reconstituted clays,an empirical method for determining the k_(v) is proposed and validated for sandy clays.The predicted values are almost consistent with the measured values with k_(v-predicted)=k_(v-measured)=0.6-2.5.
文摘Recently,a roundtable on carrying forward the Bandung Spirit,co-hosted by the Chinese People’s Institute of Foreign Affairs(CPIFA)and the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in China,took place in Beijing.Wang Yi,member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs,delivered a written speech.Indonesian Deputy Foreign Minister Siti Nugraha Mauludiah delivered a keynote speech.CPIFA President Wang Chao,Indonesian Ambassador to Bandung Spirit Driving Modernization of the Global South China Djauhari Oratmangun,former Pakistani Foreign Minister Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri,former Deputy Foreign Minister of Myanmar U Thant Kyaw,and former Under-Secretary-General of the UN Wu Hongbo attended the roundtable and delivered speeches.Also attending were more than 60 Chinese and Indonesian experts and scholars,representatives from countries that participated in the Bandung Conference,and heads of UN agencies in China.Chinese and foreign vips carried out in-depth exchange and discussion on the theme“The Global South:Carrying Forward the Bandung Spirit and Marching Together toward Modernization.”
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82174112(to PZ)Science and Technology Project of Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine,No.22HHZYSS00015(to PZ)State-Sponsored Postdoctoral Researcher Program,No.GZC20231925(to LN)。
文摘Traumatic brain injury is a prevalent disorder of the central nervous system.In addition to primary brain parenchymal damage,the enduring biological consequences of traumatic brain injury pose long-term risks for patients with traumatic brain injury;however,the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear,and effective intervention methods are lacking.Intestinal dysfunction is a significant consequence of traumatic brain injury.Being the most densely innervated peripheral tissue in the body,the gut possesses multiple pathways for the establishment of a bidirectional“brain-gut axis”with the central nervous system.The gut harbors a vast microbial community,and alterations of the gut niche contribute to the progression of traumatic brain injury and its unfavorable prognosis through neuronal,hormonal,and immune pathways.A comprehensive understanding of microbiota-mediated peripheral neuroimmunomodulation mechanisms is needed to enhance treatment strategies for traumatic brain injury and its associated complications.We comprehensively reviewed alterations in the gut microecological environment following traumatic brain injury,with a specific focus on the complex biological processes of peripheral nerves,immunity,and microbes triggered by traumatic brain injury,encompassing autonomic dysfunction,neuroendocrine disturbances,peripheral immunosuppression,increased intestinal barrier permeability,compromised responses of sensory nerves to microorganisms,and potential effector nuclei in the central nervous system influenced by gut microbiota.Additionally,we reviewed the mechanisms underlying secondary biological injury and the dynamic pathological responses that occur following injury to enhance our current understanding of how peripheral pathways impact the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury.This review aimed to propose a conceptual model for future risk assessment of central nervous system-related diseases while elucidating novel insights into the bidirectional effects of the“brain-gut-microbiota axis.”
文摘Objective:Gastric cancer(GC)is a globally common cancer characterized by high incidence and mortality worldwide.Advances in the molecular understanding of GC provide promising targets for GC diagnosis and therapy.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)and their downstream regulators are regarded to be implicated in the progression of multiple types of malignancies.Studies have shown that the lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 4(SNHG4)serves as a tumor promoter in various malignancies,while its function in GC has yet to be characterized.Therefore,our study aimed to explore the role and underlying mechanism of SNHG4 in GC.Methods:We used qRT-PCR to analyze SNHG4 expression in GC tissues and cells.Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the correlation between SNHG4 expression and the survival rate of GC patients.Cellular function experiments such as CCK-8,BrdU,colony formation,flow cytometry analysis,and transwell were performed to explore the effects of SNHG4 on GC cell proliferation,apoptosis,cell cycle,migration,and invasion.We also established xenograft mouse models to explore the effect of SNHG4 on GC tumor growth.Mechanically,dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the interaction between SNHG4 and miR-409-3p and between miR-409-3p and cAMP responsive element binding protein 1(CREB1).Results:The results indicated that SNHG4 was overexpressed in GC tissues and cell lines,and was linked with poor survival rate of GC patients.SNHG4 promoted GC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion while inhibiting cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in vitro.The in vivo experiment indicated that SNHG4 facilitated GC tumor growth.Furthermore,SNHG4 was demonstrated to bind to miR-409-3p.Moreover,CREB1 was directly targeted by miR-409-3p.Rescue assays demonstrated that miR-409-3p deficiency reversed the suppressive impact of SNHG4 knockdown on GC cell malignancy.Additionally,miR-409-3p was also revealed to inhibit GC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion by targeting CREB1.Conclusion:In conclusion,we verified that the SNHG4 promoted GC growth and metastasis by binding to miR-409-3p to upregulate CREB1,which may deepen the understanding of the underlying mechanism in GC development.
文摘Background:Over the past few decades,a threefold increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes(T2D)has placed a heavy burden on the health-care system and society.Previous studies have shown correlations between obesity,T2D,and neurodegenera-tive diseases,including dementia.It is imperative to further understand the relation-ship between obesity,T2D,and cognitive deficits.Methods:This investigation tested and evaluated the cognitive impact of obesity and T2D induced by high-fat diet(HFD)and the effect of the host genetic background on the severity of cognitive decline caused by obesity and T2D in collaborative cross(CC)mice.The CC mice are a genetically diverse panel derived from eight inbred strains.Results:Our findings demonstrated significant variations in the recorded phenotypes across different CC lines compared to the reference mouse line,C57BL/6J.CC037 line exhibited a substantial increase in body weight on HFD,whereas line CC005 ex-hibited differing responses based on sex.Glucose tolerance tests revealed significant variations,with some lines like CC005 showing a marked increase in area under the curve(AUC)values on HFD.Organ weights,including brain,spleen,liver,and kidney,varied significantly among the lines and sexes in response to HFD.Behavioral tests using the Morris water maze indicated that cognitive performance was differentially affected by diet and genetic background.Conclusions:Our study establishes a foundation for future quantitative trait loci map-ping using CC lines and identifying genes underlying the comorbidity of Alzheimer's disease(AD),caused by obesity and T2D.The genetic components may offer new tools for early prediction and prevention.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.2020R1C1C1003375)。
文摘Recently,hollow carbon nanospheres(HCSs)have garnered significant attention as potential Li metal hosts owing to their unique large voids and ease of fabrication.However,similar to other nanoscale hosts,their practical performance is limited by inhomogeneous agglomeration,increased binder requirements,and high tortuosity within the electrode.To overcome these problems and high tortuosity within the electrode,this study introduces a pomegranate-like carbon microcluster composed of primary HCSs(P-CMs)as a novel Li metal host.This unique nanostructure can be easily prepared using the spray-drying technique,enabling its mass production.Comprehensive analyses with various tools demonstrate that compared with HCS hosts,the P-CM host requires a smaller amount of binder to fabricate a sufficiently robust and even surface electrode.Furthermore,owing to reduced tortuosity,the well-designed P-CM electrode can provide continuous and shortened pathways for electron/ion transport,accelerating the Li-ion transfer kinetics and prohibiting preferential Li plating at the upper region of the electrode.Due to these characteristics,Li metal can be effectively encapsulated in the large inner voids of the primary HCSs constituting the P-CM,thereby enhancing the electrochemical performance of P-CM hosts in Li metal batteries.Specifically,the Coulombic efficiency of the P-CM host can be maintained at 97%over 100 cycles,with a high Li deposition areal capacity of 3 mAh·cm^(-2)and long cycle life(1000 h,1 mA·cm^(-2),and 1.0 mAh·cm^(-2)).Furthermore,a full cell incorporating a LiFePO4 cathode exhibits excellent cycle life.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(no.2022YFC2303100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.T2325010,22305082,52203162,and 22075078)+1 种基金Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism(Shanghai Municipal Education Commission),the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(nos.JKVD1241029 and JKD01241701)Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry(Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences),the Open Project of Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology(Ministry of Education,no.R202201).
文摘The rising prevalence of drug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens,particularly methicillin-resistant Staphy-lococcus aureus(MRSA)and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci(VRE),poses a substantial clinical challenge.Biofilm-associated infections exacerbate this problem due to their inherent antibiotic resistance and complex structure.Current antibiotic treatments struggle to penetrate biofilms and eradicate persister cells,leading to prolonged antibiotic use and increased resistance.Host defense peptides(HDPs)have shown promise,but their clinical application is limited by factors such as enzymatic degradation and difficulty in largescale preparation.Synthetic HDP mimics,such as poly(2-oxazoline),have emerged as effective alter-natives.Herein,we found that the poly(2-oxazoline),Gly-POX_(20),demonstrated rapid and potent activity against clinically isolated multidrug-resistant Gram-positive strains.Gly-POX_(20) showed greater stability under physiological conditions compared to natural peptides,including resistance to protease degradation.Importantly,Gly-POX_(20) inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated mature biofilm and demonstrated superior in vivo therapeutic efficacy to vancomycin in a MRSA biofilm-associated mouse keratitis model,suggesting its potential as a novel antimicrobial agent against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria,especially biofilm-associated infections.
文摘Lithium-sulfur batteries are considered as one of the potential solutions as integrating renewable energy systems for large-scale energy storage because of their high theoretical energy density(2600 Wh·kg^(-1))and specific capacity(1675 mAh·g^(-1)).Currently,various strategies have been proposed to overcome the technical barriers,e.g.,“shuttle effect”,capacity decay and volumetric change,which impede the successful commercialization of lithium-sulfur batteries.This paper reviews the applications of metal nitrides as the cathode hosts for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries,summa-rizes the design strategies of different host materials,and discusses the relationship between the properties of metal nitrides and their electrochemical performances.Finally,reasonable suggestions for the design and development of metal nitrides,along with ideas to promote future breakthroughs,are proposed.We hope that this review could attract more attention to metal nitrides and their derivatives,and further promote the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22325111,2220312,21871298,91956118)Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineeringthe Sun Yat-sen University。
文摘Molecular recognition of fullerene using various host compounds is well-known in literature.But most studies focus on host-vip complexation in solution using host compounds with a single binding cavity.Herein,we report a series of highly preorganized janusarene derivatives with homoditopic binding sites.These novel janusarenes can bind and align various fullerenes such as C_(60),C_(70),C_(84),and Gd@C_(82)in a highly efficient manner.Robust shape complementary association and assembly are observed in solution,in the bulk solid state,in the liquid crystalline state,or on surface,and the assembled structures are characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)titration,X-ray diffraction,polarized optical microscopy,and scanning tunneling microscopy.
基金financially supported by the Zhejiang Zhongmengchang Health Technology Co.,Ltd.
文摘Increased accumulation of oxytetracycline(OTC)in environmental water bodies could potentially lead to its accumulation in human body,thereby damaging human intestinal tract.Dietary interventions could be helpful for recovery of intestinal morphology and function.Therefore,this study set zebrafish as model to explore the potential of kefir supplementation in the recovery of intestinal damage caused by exposure to OTC.In experiments by zebrafish,the rearing units used were glass tanks,each with volume of 5 L.The tanks were stocked with 12 zebrafish each.For each treatment,there were 8 replicate tanks.The zebrafish were treated with OTC followed by the addition of kefir to the food.The results showed positive improvements with kefir supplementation.Kefir treatment mitigated intestinal inflammation by reducing the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β;enhancing the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase,superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase and increasing the gene expression of intestinal tight junction proteins(ZO-1a and ZO-1b).These effects were beneficial for reversing reduced integrity of intestinal barrier caused by OTC.Moreover,kefir helped to reverse the disruption of gut microbiota caused by OTC and further impacted host metabolism.Specifically,Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens and Lactobacillus kefiri,which were derived from the kefir microbiota,were found to be enriched in the zebrafish intestine.This helped to inhibit the increased abundance of some Proteobacteria species induced by OTC treatment.Liver metabolomics analysis revealed that kefir improved OTC-induced disruptions in the tricarboxylic acid cycle,glycerophospholipid and amino acid metabolism.The differentially abundant metabolites identified included a total of 80 types after OTC exposure,with the abundance of 74 kinds significantly reversed following kefir treatment.Correlation analysis revealed that certain Proteobacteria species and above Lactobacillus species were closely linked with metabolic inhibition in zebrafish caused by OTC and metabolic restoration caused by kefir treatment,respectively.
基金support provided by Tianjin University of Science and Technology 2023 College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project“Novel Antibiotic-The Role of Antimicrobial Peptide VIP in Poultry Farming”No.:202310057068.
文摘Owing to their mechanism of action,antibiotics are prone to inducing drug resistance in the bacteria,viruses,and other pathogens.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop a novel type of antimicrobial substance to safeguard human health.Antimicrobial peptides,members of the endogenous cathelicidin family in humans,possessing antibacterial,antiviral,and other related activities,represent promising potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics In terms of antibacterial properties.This review summarizes the relevant sources and secondary structure of LL-37 and elucidates that LL-37 not only exerts broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects through non-specific mechanisms such as disrupting pathogen cell membranes,which reduces the likelihood of resistance development,but also exhibits multiple biological activities,including immunomodulation,wound healing promotion,antitumor effects,and alleviation of osteoporosis.Currently,LL-37 shows broad application prospects in fields such as food preservation,pharmaceutical research and development,industrial biomaterial coatings,agricultural and crop disease resistance.However,LL-37 exhibits a dual role,capable of either inhibiting or promoting the proliferation of certain cancer cells depending on the context,which warrants further in-depth investigation using genetic engineering and other approaches.This article summarizes recent research progress on cathelicidin LL-37,outlines its mechanisms of action and application domains,aiming to provide a reference for future research advances on LL-37.
基金supported by the Research and Development of Ecological Control Mechanisms and Application Techniques for Forest Pest and Disease in the North and South Mountains of Lhasa(No.XZ202301ZY0019N)Construction and Comprehensive Service Cap ability Enhancement of Plateau Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Small Courtyard(XK202403)。
文摘This study examined the EAG(Electroantennogram)responses of Stilpnotia candida to a mix of host plant volatiles and to provide a foundation for the development of plant-derived attractants.During the peak period of adult eclosion,gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analyzed and identified the volatiles emitted by Populus×beijingensis found in Xizang.Based on the preliminary EAG experiments and the GC‒MS results,a blending scheme was developed.EAG and Y-tube-olfactometry were employed to measure the electrophysiological and behavioural responses of unmated males and females 24 h after eclosion 10 blends of volatiles derived from five host plants.The GC–MS analysis revealed 22 volatile compounds from Populus×beijingensis leaves,composed of esters,hydrocarbons,terpenoids,alcohols,phenols,and ether.The results indicated that all 10 blending schemes produced EAG responses in mature S.candida.The concentration thresholds were between 1 and 10μg·μL^(-1),above the optimal concentration,and a corresponding decrease in EAG was observed.According to intergroup comparisons,mature S.candida had more pronounced EAG responses.Under different concentrations,there were significant differences in the EAG from male and female S.candida to each blending scheme.Behavioural response tests indicated that schemes 2,7,and 8 exhibited significantly greater attractiveness to adult S.candida.The combined results from the EAG and behavioral response experiments demonstrated that unmated male and female adult S.candida have varying degrees of sensitivity to the volatile compounds from the 10 blending schemes specific to Xizangan Populus×beijingensis.Schemes 2,7,and 8 showed robust EAG responses and attractive behavioural responses to both male and female adult S.candida.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB3809500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51931006,52272240 and U22A20118)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Xiamen University:No.20720220074)Science and Technology Projects of Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(HRTP-[2022]-22)the“Double-First Class”Foundation of Materials Intelligent Manufacturing Discipline of Xiamen University。
文摘Magnesium-lithium hybrid batteries(MLHBs)have gained increasing attention due to their combined advantages of rapid ion insertion/extraction cathode and magnesium metal anode.Herein,Sn S_(2)-SPAN hybrid cathode with strong C-Sn bond and rich defects is ingeniously constructed to realize Mg^(2+)/Li^(+)co-intercalation.The physical and chemical double-confinement synergistic engineering of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile can suppress the agglomeration of Sn S_(2)nanoparticles and the volume expansion,simultaneously promote charge transfer and enhance structural stability.The introduced abundant sulfur vacancies provide more active sites for Mg^(2+)/Li^(+)co-intercalation.Meanwhile,the beneficial effects of rich sulfur defects and C-Sn bond on enhanced electrochemical properties are further evidenced by density-functional theory(DFT)calculations.Therefore,compared with pristine SnS_(2),SnS_(2)-SPAN cathode displays high specific capacity(218 m Ah g^(-1)at 0.5A g^(-1)over 700 cycles)and ultra-long cycling life(101 m Ah g^(-1)at 5 A g^(-1)up to 28,000 cycles).And a high energy density of 307 Wh kg^(-1)can be realized by the Sn S_(2)-SPAN//Mg pouch cell.Such elaborate and simple design supplies a reference for the exploitation of advanced cathode materials with excellent electrochemical properties for MLHBs.
