Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is considered to be one of the fundamental technologies employed in the Internet of things(IoT);hence,enabling diverse applications for carrying out real-time observations.Robot navigation ...Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is considered to be one of the fundamental technologies employed in the Internet of things(IoT);hence,enabling diverse applications for carrying out real-time observations.Robot navigation in such networks was the main motivation for the introduction of the concept of landmarks.A robot can identify its own location by sending signals to obtain the distances between itself and the landmarks.Considering networks to be a type of graph,this concept was redefined as metric dimension of a graph which is the minimum number of nodes needed to identify all the nodes of the graph.This idea was extended to the concept of edge metric dimension of a graph G,which is the minimum number of nodes needed in a graph to uniquely identify each edge of the network.Regular plane networks can be easily constructed by repeating regular polygons.This design is of extreme importance as it yields high overall performance;hence,it can be used in various networking and IoT domains.The honeycomb and the hexagonal networks are two such popular mesh-derived parallel networks.In this paper,it is proved that the minimum landmarks required for the honeycomb network HC(n),and the hexagonal network HX(n)are 3 and 6 respectively.The bounds for the landmarks required for the hex-derived network HDN1(n)are also proposed.展开更多
A library of rod-like bolapolyphiles with sticky hydrogen-bonded glycerol groups at their ends and having highly branched side chains with a carbosilane-based four-way branching point,all based on the same oligo(pheny...A library of rod-like bolapolyphiles with sticky hydrogen-bonded glycerol groups at their ends and having highly branched side chains with a carbosilane-based four-way branching point,all based on the same oligo(phenylene ethynylene)core,has been synthesized and investigated.For these compounds,a A15-type Frank–Kasper phase is formed upon side-chain elongation in the steric frustration range at the transition from the triangular to the much larger square honeycombs.In contrast to the previously known tetrahedral sphere packings the A15 phase is in this case formed by tetrahedral networks of aggregates of parallelly organizedπ-conjugated rods.This allows the design of compounds with wide ranges of the A15 network down to room temperature.However,its formation becomes strongly disfavored by core fluorination that is attributed to a changing mode of core–core interaction that also modifies the square honeycombs by deformation of the squares into rectangular or rhombic cells,either with or without emergence of tilt of the rods.展开更多
中低压蜂巢状有源配电网由微电网群通过基站柔性互联组成,针对微电网群与基站之间的功率互济、协调运行问题,以模型预测控制(Model Predictive Control,MPC)算法为基础并结合同步型交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Mult...中低压蜂巢状有源配电网由微电网群通过基站柔性互联组成,针对微电网群与基站之间的功率互济、协调运行问题,以模型预测控制(Model Predictive Control,MPC)算法为基础并结合同步型交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers,ADMM)提出一种分布式优化调度策略,有效解决蜂巢状有源配电网的协调运行问题并降低系统运行成本。首先以系统运行成本最小为目标构建蜂巢状有源配电网模型,然后采用MPC算法实现滚动式优化调度,对每个优化时刻采用同步型ADMM算法优化求解,最后通过算例分析所提策略的有效性。展开更多
We investigate a multifunctional n-step honeycomb network which has not been studied before. By adjusting the circuit parameters, such a network can be transformed into several different networks with a variety of fun...We investigate a multifunctional n-step honeycomb network which has not been studied before. By adjusting the circuit parameters, such a network can be transformed into several different networks with a variety of functions, such as a regular ladder network and a triangular network. We derive two new formulae for equivalent resistance in the resistor network and equivalent impedance in the LC network, which are in the fractional-order domain. First, we simplify the complex network into a simple equivalent model. Second, using Kirchhoff＇s laws, we establish a fractional difference equation. Third, we construct an equivalent transformation method to obtain a general solution for the nonlinear differential equation. In practical applications, several interesting special results are obtained. In particular, an n-step impedance LC network is discussed and many new char- acteristics of complex impedance have been found.展开更多
作为一种适应高比例分布式新能源接入的新型配电网架构,蜂巢状有源配电网利用多端口能量枢纽(multi-port energy hub,MEH)可实现多微电网/配网单元间功率的互联互济,如MEH中包含储能设备,可以进一步提升新能源利用率和电网可靠性。文中...作为一种适应高比例分布式新能源接入的新型配电网架构,蜂巢状有源配电网利用多端口能量枢纽(multi-port energy hub,MEH)可实现多微电网/配网单元间功率的互联互济,如MEH中包含储能设备,可以进一步提升新能源利用率和电网可靠性。文中提出一种含储能的MEH及其分层协调控制策略。上层控制根据储能系统的荷电状态和配电网运行状态协调控制储能变流器与各并网端口变流器之间的功率分配,使得MEH在平抑新能源波动、配网故障恢复等运行模式下均能够对内部储能系统进行能量管理。下层控制通过将储能变流器有功功率的微分值反馈至储能系统控制环路进行补偿,提高储能变流器输入/输出有功功率响应速度。文中设计了MEH控制系统关键参数,利用MATLAB/Simulink对MEH在配电系统中的应用进行仿真。不同工况下的仿真对比验证了所提分层协调控制策略的有效性,证明该策略能够延长储能系统工作时间,提高储能系统有功功率变化率,减小直流母线的电压波动。展开更多
基金No funding was received to support any stage of this research study.Zahid Raza is funded by the University of Sharjah under the Projects#2102144098 and#1802144068 and MASEP Research Group。
文摘Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is considered to be one of the fundamental technologies employed in the Internet of things(IoT);hence,enabling diverse applications for carrying out real-time observations.Robot navigation in such networks was the main motivation for the introduction of the concept of landmarks.A robot can identify its own location by sending signals to obtain the distances between itself and the landmarks.Considering networks to be a type of graph,this concept was redefined as metric dimension of a graph which is the minimum number of nodes needed to identify all the nodes of the graph.This idea was extended to the concept of edge metric dimension of a graph G,which is the minimum number of nodes needed in a graph to uniquely identify each edge of the network.Regular plane networks can be easily constructed by repeating regular polygons.This design is of extreme importance as it yields high overall performance;hence,it can be used in various networking and IoT domains.The honeycomb and the hexagonal networks are two such popular mesh-derived parallel networks.In this paper,it is proved that the minimum landmarks required for the honeycomb network HC(n),and the hexagonal network HX(n)are 3 and 6 respectively.The bounds for the landmarks required for the hex-derived network HDN1(n)are also proposed.
基金supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(Grant 436494874)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 12204369)+1 种基金Science and Technology Agency of Shaanxi(Grant 2023-YBGY-459)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grants 2022M712551 and 2023T160505).
文摘A library of rod-like bolapolyphiles with sticky hydrogen-bonded glycerol groups at their ends and having highly branched side chains with a carbosilane-based four-way branching point,all based on the same oligo(phenylene ethynylene)core,has been synthesized and investigated.For these compounds,a A15-type Frank–Kasper phase is formed upon side-chain elongation in the steric frustration range at the transition from the triangular to the much larger square honeycombs.In contrast to the previously known tetrahedral sphere packings the A15 phase is in this case formed by tetrahedral networks of aggregates of parallelly organizedπ-conjugated rods.This allows the design of compounds with wide ranges of the A15 network down to room temperature.However,its formation becomes strongly disfavored by core fluorination that is attributed to a changing mode of core–core interaction that also modifies the square honeycombs by deformation of the squares into rectangular or rhombic cells,either with or without emergence of tilt of the rods.
文摘中低压蜂巢状有源配电网由微电网群通过基站柔性互联组成,针对微电网群与基站之间的功率互济、协调运行问题,以模型预测控制(Model Predictive Control,MPC)算法为基础并结合同步型交替方向乘子法(Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers,ADMM)提出一种分布式优化调度策略,有效解决蜂巢状有源配电网的协调运行问题并降低系统运行成本。首先以系统运行成本最小为目标构建蜂巢状有源配电网模型,然后采用MPC算法实现滚动式优化调度,对每个优化时刻采用同步型ADMM算法优化求解,最后通过算例分析所提策略的有效性。
基金Project supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Science Foundation （No. BK20161278）
文摘We investigate a multifunctional n-step honeycomb network which has not been studied before. By adjusting the circuit parameters, such a network can be transformed into several different networks with a variety of functions, such as a regular ladder network and a triangular network. We derive two new formulae for equivalent resistance in the resistor network and equivalent impedance in the LC network, which are in the fractional-order domain. First, we simplify the complex network into a simple equivalent model. Second, using Kirchhoff＇s laws, we establish a fractional difference equation. Third, we construct an equivalent transformation method to obtain a general solution for the nonlinear differential equation. In practical applications, several interesting special results are obtained. In particular, an n-step impedance LC network is discussed and many new char- acteristics of complex impedance have been found.
文摘作为一种适应高比例分布式新能源接入的新型配电网架构,蜂巢状有源配电网利用多端口能量枢纽(multi-port energy hub,MEH)可实现多微电网/配网单元间功率的互联互济,如MEH中包含储能设备,可以进一步提升新能源利用率和电网可靠性。文中提出一种含储能的MEH及其分层协调控制策略。上层控制根据储能系统的荷电状态和配电网运行状态协调控制储能变流器与各并网端口变流器之间的功率分配,使得MEH在平抑新能源波动、配网故障恢复等运行模式下均能够对内部储能系统进行能量管理。下层控制通过将储能变流器有功功率的微分值反馈至储能系统控制环路进行补偿,提高储能变流器输入/输出有功功率响应速度。文中设计了MEH控制系统关键参数,利用MATLAB/Simulink对MEH在配电系统中的应用进行仿真。不同工况下的仿真对比验证了所提分层协调控制策略的有效性,证明该策略能够延长储能系统工作时间,提高储能系统有功功率变化率,减小直流母线的电压波动。
