Honeycombing Lung(HCL)is a chronic lung condition marked by advanced fibrosis,resulting in enlarged air spaces with thick fibrotic walls,which are visible on Computed Tomography(CT)scans.Differentiating between normal...Honeycombing Lung(HCL)is a chronic lung condition marked by advanced fibrosis,resulting in enlarged air spaces with thick fibrotic walls,which are visible on Computed Tomography(CT)scans.Differentiating between normal lung tissue,honeycombing lungs,and Ground Glass Opacity(GGO)in CT images is often challenging for radiologists and may lead to misinterpretations.Although earlier studies have proposed models to detect and classify HCL,many faced limitations such as high computational demands,lower accuracy,and difficulty distinguishing between HCL and GGO.CT images are highly effective for lung classification due to their high resolution,3D visualization,and sensitivity to tissue density variations.This study introduces Honeycombing Lungs Network(HCL Net),a novel classification algorithm inspired by ResNet50V2 and enhanced to overcome the shortcomings of previous approaches.HCL Net incorporates additional residual blocks,refined preprocessing techniques,and selective parameter tuning to improve classification performance.The dataset,sourced from the University Malaya Medical Centre(UMMC)and verified by expert radiologists,consists of CT images of normal,honeycombing,and GGO lungs.Experimental evaluations across five assessments demonstrated that HCL Net achieved an outstanding classification accuracy of approximately 99.97%.It also recorded strong performance in other metrics,achieving 93%precision,100%sensitivity,89%specificity,and an AUC-ROC score of 97%.Comparative analysis with baseline feature engineering methods confirmed the superior efficacy of HCL Net.The model significantly reduces misclassification,particularly between honeycombing and GGO lungs,enhancing diagnostic precision and reliability in lung image analysis.展开更多
Magnets exhibiting the Kitaev interaction,a bond-dependent magnetic interaction in honeycomb lattices,are generally regarded as promising candidates for hosting novel phenomena like quantum spin liquid states.However,...Magnets exhibiting the Kitaev interaction,a bond-dependent magnetic interaction in honeycomb lattices,are generally regarded as promising candidates for hosting novel phenomena like quantum spin liquid states.However,realizing such magnets remains a significant challenge.Recently,some studies have suggested honeycomb magnets A_(3)Ni_(2)XO_(6)(A=Li,Na;X=Bi,Sb)with a high spin S=1 could serve as potential candidates for realizing strong Kitaev interactions.In this work,we systematically investigate their magnetic properties,with a particular emphasis on their Kitaev interactions,using first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations.Our results indicate that all A_(3)Ni_(2)XO_(6)compounds are zigzag antiferromagnets,and their magnetic moments almost tend to be out of plane.We find that their dominant magnetic interactions are the nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic and third-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic Heisenberg interactions,while their Kitaev interactions are extremely weak.By analyzing their electronic structures and the mechanism of generating their magnetic interactions,we reveal that either artificially tuning spin-orbit coupling or applying strain cannot produce sufficient spin-orbit entangled states to realize the intriguing Kitaev interactions.Our work advances the understanding of the magnetism in A_(3)Ni_(2)XO_(6)compounds and provides insights for further exploration of Kitaev physics in honeycomb magnets.展开更多
The rapid development of 5G communication technology and smart electronic and electrical equipment will inevitably lead to electromagnetic radiation pollution.Enriching heterointerface polarization relaxation through ...The rapid development of 5G communication technology and smart electronic and electrical equipment will inevitably lead to electromagnetic radiation pollution.Enriching heterointerface polarization relaxation through nanostructure design and interface modifica-tion has proven to be an effective strategy to obtain efficient electromagnetic wave absorption.Here,this work implements an innovative method that combines biomimetic honeycomb superstructure to constrain hierarchical porous heterostructure composed of Co/CoO nano-particles to improve the interfacial polarization intensity.The method effectively controlled the absorption efficiency of Co^(2+)through de-lignification modification of bamboo,and combined with the bionic carbon-based natural hierarchical porous structure to achieve uniform dispersion of nanoparticles,which is conducive to the in-depth construction of heterogeneous interfaces.In addition,the multiphase struc-ture brought about by high-temperature pyrolysis provides the best dielectric loss and impedance matching for the material.Therefore,the obtained bamboo-based Co/CoO multiphase composite showed excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance,achieving excel-lent reflection loss(RL)of-79 dB and effective absorption band width of 4.12 GHz(6.84-10.96 GHz)at low load of 15wt%.Among them,the material’s optimal radar cross-section(RCS)reduction value can reach 31.9 dB·m^(2).This work provides a new approach to the micro-control and comprehensive optimization of macro-design of microwave absorbers,and offers new ideas for the high-value utiliza-tion of biomass materials.展开更多
Outdoor jackets are engineered to protect against extreme weather while ensuring comfort and safety. Key to this protection is the thermal properties, achieved through insulation materials like down feathers and synth...Outdoor jackets are engineered to protect against extreme weather while ensuring comfort and safety. Key to this protection is the thermal properties, achieved through insulation materials like down feathers and synthetic fibers, which trap heat and minimize heat loss. Resistance to wind, rain, and snow is provided by waterproof and windproof fabrics, while breathability allows moisture to escape, maintaining a comfortable microclimate. Air permeability and water resistance are essential for achieving this balance. This study examines two outdoor jacket prototypes with six material layers each. The outer layer (Layer 1) consists of 100% polyester coated with polyurethane for waterproofing. Inner layers (Layers 2, 3, and 6) use wool/cotton and wool/polyamide blends, offering insulation and moisture-wicking properties. Down feathers are used as the filling material, providing excellent warmth. Advanced materials like graphene and silver honeycomb fabrics were included to enhance thermal conductivity and regulate heat transfer. Performance testing focused on thermal conductivity, comfort (water and air permeability), and mechanical properties like tensile strength and tear resistance. Tests also assessed spray application and fastness to evaluate durability under environmental exposure. Results showed that jackets with silver-infused honeycomb fabrics had superior thermal conductivity, enabling better heat regulation and comfort in harsh conditions. The findings highlight the advantages of integrating silver honeycomb fabrics into outdoor jackets. These materials enhance insulation, thermal regulation, and overall comfort, making them ideal for high-performance designs. Incorporating such fabrics ensures functionality, durability, and user protection in extreme environments.展开更多
This study provides a thorough investigation into the vibration behavior and impulse response characteristics of composite honeycomb cylindrical shells filled with damping gel(DG-FHCSs).To address the limitations of e...This study provides a thorough investigation into the vibration behavior and impulse response characteristics of composite honeycomb cylindrical shells filled with damping gel(DG-FHCSs).To address the limitations of existing methods,a dynamic model is developed for both free and forced vibration scenarios.These models incorporate the virtual spring technology to accurately simulate a wide range of boundary conditions.Using the first-order shear deformation theory in conjunction with the Jacobi orthogonal polynomials,an energy expression is formulated,and the natural frequencies and mode shapes are determined via the Ritz method.Based on the Newmark-βmethod,the pulse response amplitudes and attenuation characteristics under various transient excitation loads are analyzed and evaluated.The accuracy of the theoretical model and the vibration suppression capability of the damping gel are experimentally validated.Furthermore,the effects of key structural parameters on the natural frequency and vibration response are systematically examined.展开更多
Although lightweight aramid paper honeycombs are highly desirable for microwave absorption owing to their dual functions of both load-bearing and microwave-absorbing,unsatisfactory microwave absorption,inferior mechan...Although lightweight aramid paper honeycombs are highly desirable for microwave absorption owing to their dual functions of both load-bearing and microwave-absorbing,unsatisfactory microwave absorption,inferior mechanical and inadequate thermal properties present significant challenges for practical applications in diverse complex scenarios.Herein,lightweight,high-strength and flame-retardant aramid nanofibers-based honeycombs(MANHs)for integrated microwave absorption and thermal insulation are successfully fabricated via the hydrogen bonding assembly,mold forming and aerogel filling strategy using aramid waste as raw material.The dense network structure formed by the interwoven aramid nanofibers(ANFs)in the honeycomb body acts as a framework endows the MANH with impressive mechanical performance,and the specific strength and toughness of MANH reach 153.6 MPa g^(−1) cm^(−3) and 13.9 MJ m^(−3),respectively,which are 3.5 and 19 times higher than those of commercial microwave absorption honeycombs(CMAH).The ultralight MXene/ANFs aerogels(a density of 25 mg cm^(−3))with multiscale pore structure filled in the honeycomb apertures give the honeycomb outstanding microwave absorption performance,with a minimum reflection loss of−62.5 dB,and can cover the entire X-band with a thickness of only 3.5 mm.Meanwhile,compared with CMAH,the thermal insulation and flame-retardant performance of MANH are also significantly improved.Notably,MANH also demonstrates favorable sound absorption performance at high-frequency bands.The MANH is considered to be a promising candidate for aerospace and military stealth applications as a result of its lightweight,high strength,exceptional microwave absorption,and remarkable thermal insulation performance.展开更多
This paper introduces a three-dimensional concave hexagonal honeycomb structure(3D-CHH) with enhanced impact resistance, developed from a two-dimensional concave hexagonal honeycomb structure(2D-CHH), to advance the a...This paper introduces a three-dimensional concave hexagonal honeycomb structure(3D-CHH) with enhanced impact resistance, developed from a two-dimensional concave hexagonal honeycomb structure(2D-CHH), to advance the application of metamaterials in ship protection structures. Both structures were fabricated using additive manufacturing techniques and subjected to quasi-static compression testing to evaluate their deformation modes and energy-absorbing capabilities. Combined experimental and numerical simulation results revealed that 2D-CHH exhibited a “<” mode,while 3D-CHH demonstrated an inward concave “I” mode, with 3D-CHH showing superior negative Poisson's ratio characteristics. The deformation behavior of both structures progresses through four distinct phases: elastic zone,stress plateau zone, plateau stress enhancement zone, and densification zone characterized by rapid stress elevation.The 3D-CHH structure exhibits superior energy absorption compared with both 2D-CHH and conventional honeycomb structures, achieving nearly twice the specific energy absorption of 2D-CHH. Additionally, 3D-CHH shows an 8.4%improvement in energy absorption efficiency compared with 2D-CHH. The enhanced negative Poisson's ratio effect and superior energy absorption properties of 3D-CHH enable effective ship protection while reducing structural weight.展开更多
The spoke as a key component has a significant impact on the performance of the non-pneumatic tire(NPT).The current research has focused on adjusting spoke structures to improve the single performance of NPT.Few studi...The spoke as a key component has a significant impact on the performance of the non-pneumatic tire(NPT).The current research has focused on adjusting spoke structures to improve the single performance of NPT.Few studies have been conducted to synergistically improve multi-performance by optimizing the spoke structure.Inspired by the concept of functionally gradient structures,this paper introduces a functionally gradient honeycomb NPT and its optimization method.Firstly,this paper completes the parameterization of the honeycomb spoke structure and establishes the numerical models of honeycomb NPTs with seven different gradients.Subsequently,the accuracy of the numerical models is verified using experimental methods.Then,the static and dynamic characteristics of these gradient honeycomb NPTs are thoroughly examined by using the finite element method.The findings highlight that the gradient structure of NPT-3 has superior performance.Building upon this,the study investigates the effects of key parameters,such as honeycomb spoke thickness and length,on load-carrying capacity,honeycomb spoke stress and mass.Finally,a multi-objective optimization method is proposed that uses a response surface model(RSM)and the Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II(NSGA-II)to further optimize the functional gradient honeycomb NPTs.The optimized NPT-OP shows a 23.48%reduction in radial stiffness,8.95%reduction in maximum spoke stress and 16.86%reduction in spoke mass compared to the initial NPT-1.The damping characteristics of the NPT-OP have also been improved.The results offer a theoretical foundation and technical methodology for the structural design and optimization of gradient honeycomb NPTs.展开更多
Interlayer interactions in bilayer or multilayer electron systems have been studied extensively,and many exotic physical phenomena have been revealed.However,systematic investigations of the impact of interlayer inter...Interlayer interactions in bilayer or multilayer electron systems have been studied extensively,and many exotic physical phenomena have been revealed.However,systematic investigations of the impact of interlayer interactions on magnonic physics are very few.Here,we use a van derWaals(vdW)honeycomb heterostructure as a platform to investigate the modulation of magnon properties in honeycomb AA-and AB-stacking heterostructures with ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interlayer interactions,including topological phases and thermal Hall conductivity.Our results reveal that interlayer interactions play a crucial role in modulating the magnonic topology and Hall transport properties of magnetic heterostructures,with potential for experimental realization.展开更多
This study conducts a thorough examination of honeycomb sandwich panels with a lattice core,adopting advanced computational techniques for their modeling.The research extends its analysis to investigate the natural fr...This study conducts a thorough examination of honeycomb sandwich panels with a lattice core,adopting advanced computational techniques for their modeling.The research extends its analysis to investigate the natural frequency behavior of sandwich panels,encompassing the comprehensive assessment of the entire panel structure.At its core,the research applies the Representative Volume Element(RVE)theory to establish the equivalent material properties,thereby enhancing the predictive capabilities of lattice structure simulations.Themethodology applies these properties in the core of infinite panels,which are modeled using double periodic boundary conditions to explore their natural frequencies.Expanding beyond mere material characterization,the study introduces a novel approach to defining the material within the panel cores.By incorporating alternate materials such as steel and AlSiC,and by strategically modifying their ratios,the research streamlines the process of material variation without resorting to repetitive 3D operations on the constituent cells.This optimizes not only the computational resources but also offers insights into the structural response under diverse material compositions.Furthermore,the investigation extends its scope to analyze the influence of curvature on the structural behavior of lattice structures.Panels are modeled with varying degrees of curvature,ranging from single to double curvatures,including cylindrical and spherical configurations,across a spectrum of radii.A rigorous analysis is performed to study the effect of curvature on the mechanical performance and stability of lattice structures,offering valuable insights for design optimization and structural engineering applications.By building upon the existing knowledge and introducing innovative methodologies,this study contributes to improving the understanding of lattice structures and their applicability in diverse engineering contexts.展开更多
We investigate the hole-doped Hubbard model on a honeycomb lattice using a fermionic projected entangled pair states(f PEPS)method.Our study reveals the presence of quasi-long-range order of Cooper pairs,characterized...We investigate the hole-doped Hubbard model on a honeycomb lattice using a fermionic projected entangled pair states(f PEPS)method.Our study reveals the presence of quasi-long-range order of Cooper pairs,characterized by powerlaw decay of correlation functions with exponents K>1.We further analyze the competing phases of superconductivity,specifically the antiferromagnetic(AFM)order and the charge density wave(CDW)order.Our results show that there are domain wall structures when the hole dopingδis small and the Coulomb parameter U is large.However,these structures disappear as we increase the hole dopingδor decrease U.Furthermore,for small hole doping,the system exhibits AFM order,which diminishes forδ>0.05.Conversely,as the doping level increases,the CDW order gradually decreases.Notably,a considerable CDW order persists even at higher doping levels.These findings suggest a progressive suppression of the AFM order and a growing prominence of the CDW order with increasingδ.展开更多
Two-dimensional double-layer honeycomb(DLHC)materials are known for their diverse physical properties,but superconductivity has been a notably absent characteristic in this structure.We address this gap by investigati...Two-dimensional double-layer honeycomb(DLHC)materials are known for their diverse physical properties,but superconductivity has been a notably absent characteristic in this structure.We address this gap by investigating M_(2)N_(2)(M=Nb,Ta)with DLHC structure using first-principles calculations.Our results show that M_(2)N_(2)are stable and metallic,exhibiting superconducting behavior.Specifically,Nb_(2)N_(2)and Ta_(2)N_(2)display superconducting transition temperatures of 6.8 K and 8.8 K,respectively.Their electron-phonon coupling is predominantly driven by the coupling between metal d-orbitals and low-frequency metal-dominated vibration modes.Interestingly,two compounds also exhibit non-trivial band topology.Thus,M_(2)N_(2)are promising platforms for studying the interplay between topology and superconductivity and fill the gap in superconductivity research for DLHC materials.展开更多
Re-entrant honeycombs are widely used in safeguard structures due to their geometric simplicity and excellent energy absorption capacities.However,traditional re-entrant honeycombs exhibit insufficient stiffness and s...Re-entrant honeycombs are widely used in safeguard structures due to their geometric simplicity and excellent energy absorption capacities.However,traditional re-entrant honeycombs exhibit insufficient stiffness and stability owing to the lack of internal support.This paper proposes a new hybrid honeycomb by integrating a chiral component inside the re-entrant honeycomb.Since Young's modulus is a key parameter to evaluate the energy absorption performance and stiffness,an analytical model is given to predict the effective Young's modulus of the proposed hybrid honeycomb.It is found that the optimal design scheme is to directly insert a circular ring inside the re-entrant honeycomb.The normalized specific energy absorption(SEA)of the hybrid honeycomb is 95%larger than that of the traditional re-entrant honeycomb.The normalized SEA first increases to a peak value and then decreases with the cell wall thickness.The optimal thickness of the cell wall for the maximum SEA is derived in terms of the geometric configuration of the unit cell.The normalized SEA first decreases to a valley value and then increases with the re-entrant angle.A longer horizontal cell wall results in a smaller normalized SEA.This paper provides a new design method for safeguard structures with high stiffness and energy absorption performance.展开更多
1.Introduction Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is a typical age-hardening aluminum alloy,its strength and toughness are significantly influenced by precipita-tion behavior.The nucleation mechanisms of precipitates in this alloy are...1.Introduction Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is a typical age-hardening aluminum alloy,its strength and toughness are significantly influenced by precipita-tion behavior.The nucleation mechanisms of precipitates in this alloy are generally categorized into homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation.Homogeneous nucleation relies on structural and energy fluctuations within the solution to generate the driving force necessary for direct nucleation.展开更多
With the rapid development of 5G communication technology and wearable electronic devices,the demand for low-reflection electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials is becoming increasingly urgent.In this work...With the rapid development of 5G communication technology and wearable electronic devices,the demand for low-reflection electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials is becoming increasingly urgent.In this work,reduced graphene oxide-MXene(rGMH)@FeNi/epoxy EMI shielding composites with a regular honeycomb structure were successfully prepared by the combination of surface functionalization modification,sacrificial template,and freeze-drying.The effects of magnetic FeNi alloy particle loading mode and loading amount on the EMI shielding performance of composites were investigated.The results show that rGMH@FeNi/epoxy EMI shielding composites have the highest EMI shielding effectiveness(EMI SE)and the lowest reflection shielding effectiveness when magnetic FeNi alloy particles are loaded only on the graphene skeleton.In this composite,the EMI SE value of the composite is 61 dB when the rGMH@FeNi mass fraction is 5.4 wt%(f-FeNi mass fraction is 0.9 wt%),which is 4.7 times that of the blended rGO/MXene/FeNi/epoxy resin composite(13 dB)with the same mass fraction.At the same time,the rGMH@FeNi/epoxy composite has excellent thermal stability(heat-resistance index of 190.3℃)and mechanical properties(energy storage modulus of 8606.7 MPa).These polymer-based EMI shielding composites with excellent EMI shielding properties and low reflection effectiveness have great potential in the protection of high-power,portable and wearable electronic devices against electromagnetic pollution.展开更多
The exploration of topological phases remains a cutting-edge research frontier,driven by their promising potential for next-generation electronic and quantum technologies.In this work,we employ first-principles calcul...The exploration of topological phases remains a cutting-edge research frontier,driven by their promising potential for next-generation electronic and quantum technologies.In this work,we employ first-principles calculations and tightbinding modeling to systematically investigate the topological properties of freestanding two-dimensional(2D)honeycomb Bi,HgTe,and Al_(2)O_(3)(0001)-supported HgTe.Remarkably,all three systems exhibit coexistence of intrinsic first-and higher-order topological insulator states,induced by spin-orbit coupling(SOC).These states manifest as topologically protected gapless edge states in one-dimensional(1D)nanoribbons and symmetry-related corner states in zero-dimensional(0D)nanoflakes.Furthermore,fractional electron charges may accumulate at the corners of armchair-edged nanoflakes.Among these materials,HgTe/Al_(2)O_(3)(0001)is particularly promising due to its experimentally feasible atomic configuration and low-energy corner states.Our findings highlight the importance of exploring higher-order topological phases in quantum spin Hall insulators and pave the way for new possibilities in device applications.展开更多
A novel grooving method for eliminating the bending-induced collapse of hexagonal honeycombs has been proposed,which lies in determining the appropriate grooving parameters,including the grooving spacing,angle,and dep...A novel grooving method for eliminating the bending-induced collapse of hexagonal honeycombs has been proposed,which lies in determining the appropriate grooving parameters,including the grooving spacing,angle,and depth.To this end,a framework built upon the experiment-based,machine learning approach for grooving parameters prediction was presented.The continuously grooved honeycomb bending experiments with various radii,honeycomb types,and thicknesses were carried out,and then the deformation level of honeycombs at different grooving spacing was quantitatively evaluated.A criterion for determining the grooving spacing was proposed by setting an appropriate tolerance for the out-of-plane compression strength.It was found that as the curvature increases,the grooving spacing increases due to the deformation level of honeycombs being more severe at a smaller bending radius.Besides,the grooving spacing drops as the honeycomb thickness increases,and the cell size has a positive effect on the grooving spacing,while the relative density has a negative effect on the grooving spacing.Furthermore,the data-driven Gaussian Process(GP)was trained from the collected data to predict the grooving spacing efficiently.The grooving angle and depth were calculated using the geometrical relationship of honeycombs before and after bending.Finally,the grooving parameters design and verification of a honeycomb sandwich fairing part were conducted based on the proposed grooving method.展开更多
Auxetic metamaterials,which exhibit the negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)effect,have found wide applications in many engineering fields.However,their high porosity inevitably weakens their bearing capacity and impact res...Auxetic metamaterials,which exhibit the negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)effect,have found wide applications in many engineering fields.However,their high porosity inevitably weakens their bearing capacity and impact resistance.To improve the energy absorption efficiency of auxetic honeycombs,a novel vertex-based hierarchical star-shaped honeycomb(VSH)is designed by replacing each vertex in the classical star-shaped honeycomb(SSH)with a newly added self-similar sub-cell.An analytical model is built to investigate the Young’s modulus of VSH,which shows good agreement with experimental results and numerical simulations.The in-plane dynamic crushing behaviors of VSH at three different crushing velocities are investigated,and empirical formulas for the densification strain and plateau stress are deduced.Numerical results reveal more stable deformation modes for VSH,attributed to the addition of self-similar star-shaped sub-cells.Moreover,compared with SSH under the same relative densities,VSH exhibits better specific energy absorption and higher plateau stresses.Therefore,VSH is verified to be a better candidate for energy absorption while maintaining the auxetic effect.This study is expected to provide a new design strategy for auxetic honeycombs.展开更多
The loss in efficiency due to shroud leakage or tip clearance flow accounts for a substantial part of the overall losses in turbomachinery. It is important to identify the leakage loss characteristics in order to opti...The loss in efficiency due to shroud leakage or tip clearance flow accounts for a substantial part of the overall losses in turbomachinery. It is important to identify the leakage loss characteristics in order to optimize turbomachinery. At present, little information is available in the open literature concerning the effect of honeycomb seals on the loss characteristics in shroud cavities of an axial turbine, despite of the widespread use of the honeycomb seals. Therefore, interaction between rotor labyrinth seal leakage flow with and without honeycomb facings and main flow is investigated to provide the loss characteristics of the mixing process of the re-entering leakage flow into the main flow. The effects of honeycomb seals on the flow in shroud cavities and interaction with the main flow are analyzed. An additional study on the impact of subtle shroud cavity exit geometry is also presented. The investigation results indicate that the honeycomb seal affects the over tip leakage flow and reduces mixing losses when compared to the solid labyrinth seal. The leakage flow interactions with the main flow have considerably changed the flow fields in the endwall regions. The proposed research reveals the effects of honeycomb seals on the loss characteristics in shroud cavities and the impact of subtle shroud cavity exit geometry, and it is helpful for the design optimization of turbomachinery.展开更多
文摘Honeycombing Lung(HCL)is a chronic lung condition marked by advanced fibrosis,resulting in enlarged air spaces with thick fibrotic walls,which are visible on Computed Tomography(CT)scans.Differentiating between normal lung tissue,honeycombing lungs,and Ground Glass Opacity(GGO)in CT images is often challenging for radiologists and may lead to misinterpretations.Although earlier studies have proposed models to detect and classify HCL,many faced limitations such as high computational demands,lower accuracy,and difficulty distinguishing between HCL and GGO.CT images are highly effective for lung classification due to their high resolution,3D visualization,and sensitivity to tissue density variations.This study introduces Honeycombing Lungs Network(HCL Net),a novel classification algorithm inspired by ResNet50V2 and enhanced to overcome the shortcomings of previous approaches.HCL Net incorporates additional residual blocks,refined preprocessing techniques,and selective parameter tuning to improve classification performance.The dataset,sourced from the University Malaya Medical Centre(UMMC)and verified by expert radiologists,consists of CT images of normal,honeycombing,and GGO lungs.Experimental evaluations across five assessments demonstrated that HCL Net achieved an outstanding classification accuracy of approximately 99.97%.It also recorded strong performance in other metrics,achieving 93%precision,100%sensitivity,89%specificity,and an AUC-ROC score of 97%.Comparative analysis with baseline feature engineering methods confirmed the superior efficacy of HCL Net.The model significantly reduces misclassification,particularly between honeycombing and GGO lungs,enhancing diagnostic precision and reliability in lung image analysis.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2024-YFA1408303 and 2022YFA1403301)the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12474247 and 92165204)+1 种基金support from Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices(Grant No.2022B1212010008)Research Center for Magnetoelectric Physicsof Guangdong Province(Grant No.2024B0303390001).
文摘Magnets exhibiting the Kitaev interaction,a bond-dependent magnetic interaction in honeycomb lattices,are generally regarded as promising candidates for hosting novel phenomena like quantum spin liquid states.However,realizing such magnets remains a significant challenge.Recently,some studies have suggested honeycomb magnets A_(3)Ni_(2)XO_(6)(A=Li,Na;X=Bi,Sb)with a high spin S=1 could serve as potential candidates for realizing strong Kitaev interactions.In this work,we systematically investigate their magnetic properties,with a particular emphasis on their Kitaev interactions,using first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations.Our results indicate that all A_(3)Ni_(2)XO_(6)compounds are zigzag antiferromagnets,and their magnetic moments almost tend to be out of plane.We find that their dominant magnetic interactions are the nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic and third-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic Heisenberg interactions,while their Kitaev interactions are extremely weak.By analyzing their electronic structures and the mechanism of generating their magnetic interactions,we reveal that either artificially tuning spin-orbit coupling or applying strain cannot produce sufficient spin-orbit entangled states to realize the intriguing Kitaev interactions.Our work advances the understanding of the magnetism in A_(3)Ni_(2)XO_(6)compounds and provides insights for further exploration of Kitaev physics in honeycomb magnets.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2023YFE0108300 and 2023YFD2202103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32371972)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(No.BK20221336)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund,China(No.CX(23)3060)Jiangxi Forestry Bureau Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Special Project,China(No.202240).
文摘The rapid development of 5G communication technology and smart electronic and electrical equipment will inevitably lead to electromagnetic radiation pollution.Enriching heterointerface polarization relaxation through nanostructure design and interface modifica-tion has proven to be an effective strategy to obtain efficient electromagnetic wave absorption.Here,this work implements an innovative method that combines biomimetic honeycomb superstructure to constrain hierarchical porous heterostructure composed of Co/CoO nano-particles to improve the interfacial polarization intensity.The method effectively controlled the absorption efficiency of Co^(2+)through de-lignification modification of bamboo,and combined with the bionic carbon-based natural hierarchical porous structure to achieve uniform dispersion of nanoparticles,which is conducive to the in-depth construction of heterogeneous interfaces.In addition,the multiphase struc-ture brought about by high-temperature pyrolysis provides the best dielectric loss and impedance matching for the material.Therefore,the obtained bamboo-based Co/CoO multiphase composite showed excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance,achieving excel-lent reflection loss(RL)of-79 dB and effective absorption band width of 4.12 GHz(6.84-10.96 GHz)at low load of 15wt%.Among them,the material’s optimal radar cross-section(RCS)reduction value can reach 31.9 dB·m^(2).This work provides a new approach to the micro-control and comprehensive optimization of macro-design of microwave absorbers,and offers new ideas for the high-value utiliza-tion of biomass materials.
文摘Outdoor jackets are engineered to protect against extreme weather while ensuring comfort and safety. Key to this protection is the thermal properties, achieved through insulation materials like down feathers and synthetic fibers, which trap heat and minimize heat loss. Resistance to wind, rain, and snow is provided by waterproof and windproof fabrics, while breathability allows moisture to escape, maintaining a comfortable microclimate. Air permeability and water resistance are essential for achieving this balance. This study examines two outdoor jacket prototypes with six material layers each. The outer layer (Layer 1) consists of 100% polyester coated with polyurethane for waterproofing. Inner layers (Layers 2, 3, and 6) use wool/cotton and wool/polyamide blends, offering insulation and moisture-wicking properties. Down feathers are used as the filling material, providing excellent warmth. Advanced materials like graphene and silver honeycomb fabrics were included to enhance thermal conductivity and regulate heat transfer. Performance testing focused on thermal conductivity, comfort (water and air permeability), and mechanical properties like tensile strength and tear resistance. Tests also assessed spray application and fastness to evaluate durability under environmental exposure. Results showed that jackets with silver-infused honeycomb fabrics had superior thermal conductivity, enabling better heat regulation and comfort in harsh conditions. The findings highlight the advantages of integrating silver honeycomb fabrics into outdoor jackets. These materials enhance insulation, thermal regulation, and overall comfort, making them ideal for high-performance designs. Incorporating such fabrics ensures functionality, durability, and user protection in extreme environments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12472005 and 52175079)the Aerospace Science Foundation of China(No.2022Z009050002)+2 种基金the Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion SystemMinistry of Education of China(No.VCAME201603)the Tai-Hang Laboratory Program(No.AK023)。
文摘This study provides a thorough investigation into the vibration behavior and impulse response characteristics of composite honeycomb cylindrical shells filled with damping gel(DG-FHCSs).To address the limitations of existing methods,a dynamic model is developed for both free and forced vibration scenarios.These models incorporate the virtual spring technology to accurately simulate a wide range of boundary conditions.Using the first-order shear deformation theory in conjunction with the Jacobi orthogonal polynomials,an energy expression is formulated,and the natural frequencies and mode shapes are determined via the Ritz method.Based on the Newmark-βmethod,the pulse response amplitudes and attenuation characteristics under various transient excitation loads are analyzed and evaluated.The accuracy of the theoretical model and the vibration suppression capability of the damping gel are experimentally validated.Furthermore,the effects of key structural parameters on the natural frequency and vibration response are systematically examined.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2024GX-YBXM-331)the Scientific Research Plan Projects of Shaanxi Education Department(Program No.24JC009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22278260).
文摘Although lightweight aramid paper honeycombs are highly desirable for microwave absorption owing to their dual functions of both load-bearing and microwave-absorbing,unsatisfactory microwave absorption,inferior mechanical and inadequate thermal properties present significant challenges for practical applications in diverse complex scenarios.Herein,lightweight,high-strength and flame-retardant aramid nanofibers-based honeycombs(MANHs)for integrated microwave absorption and thermal insulation are successfully fabricated via the hydrogen bonding assembly,mold forming and aerogel filling strategy using aramid waste as raw material.The dense network structure formed by the interwoven aramid nanofibers(ANFs)in the honeycomb body acts as a framework endows the MANH with impressive mechanical performance,and the specific strength and toughness of MANH reach 153.6 MPa g^(−1) cm^(−3) and 13.9 MJ m^(−3),respectively,which are 3.5 and 19 times higher than those of commercial microwave absorption honeycombs(CMAH).The ultralight MXene/ANFs aerogels(a density of 25 mg cm^(−3))with multiscale pore structure filled in the honeycomb apertures give the honeycomb outstanding microwave absorption performance,with a minimum reflection loss of−62.5 dB,and can cover the entire X-band with a thickness of only 3.5 mm.Meanwhile,compared with CMAH,the thermal insulation and flame-retardant performance of MANH are also significantly improved.Notably,MANH also demonstrates favorable sound absorption performance at high-frequency bands.The MANH is considered to be a promising candidate for aerospace and military stealth applications as a result of its lightweight,high strength,exceptional microwave absorption,and remarkable thermal insulation performance.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52201334)。
文摘This paper introduces a three-dimensional concave hexagonal honeycomb structure(3D-CHH) with enhanced impact resistance, developed from a two-dimensional concave hexagonal honeycomb structure(2D-CHH), to advance the application of metamaterials in ship protection structures. Both structures were fabricated using additive manufacturing techniques and subjected to quasi-static compression testing to evaluate their deformation modes and energy-absorbing capabilities. Combined experimental and numerical simulation results revealed that 2D-CHH exhibited a “<” mode,while 3D-CHH demonstrated an inward concave “I” mode, with 3D-CHH showing superior negative Poisson's ratio characteristics. The deformation behavior of both structures progresses through four distinct phases: elastic zone,stress plateau zone, plateau stress enhancement zone, and densification zone characterized by rapid stress elevation.The 3D-CHH structure exhibits superior energy absorption compared with both 2D-CHH and conventional honeycomb structures, achieving nearly twice the specific energy absorption of 2D-CHH. Additionally, 3D-CHH shows an 8.4%improvement in energy absorption efficiency compared with 2D-CHH. The enhanced negative Poisson's ratio effect and superior energy absorption properties of 3D-CHH enable effective ship protection while reducing structural weight.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52072156,52272366)Postdoctoral Foundation of China(Grant No.2020M682269).
文摘The spoke as a key component has a significant impact on the performance of the non-pneumatic tire(NPT).The current research has focused on adjusting spoke structures to improve the single performance of NPT.Few studies have been conducted to synergistically improve multi-performance by optimizing the spoke structure.Inspired by the concept of functionally gradient structures,this paper introduces a functionally gradient honeycomb NPT and its optimization method.Firstly,this paper completes the parameterization of the honeycomb spoke structure and establishes the numerical models of honeycomb NPTs with seven different gradients.Subsequently,the accuracy of the numerical models is verified using experimental methods.Then,the static and dynamic characteristics of these gradient honeycomb NPTs are thoroughly examined by using the finite element method.The findings highlight that the gradient structure of NPT-3 has superior performance.Building upon this,the study investigates the effects of key parameters,such as honeycomb spoke thickness and length,on load-carrying capacity,honeycomb spoke stress and mass.Finally,a multi-objective optimization method is proposed that uses a response surface model(RSM)and the Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II(NSGA-II)to further optimize the functional gradient honeycomb NPTs.The optimized NPT-OP shows a 23.48%reduction in radial stiffness,8.95%reduction in maximum spoke stress and 16.86%reduction in spoke mass compared to the initial NPT-1.The damping characteristics of the NPT-OP have also been improved.The results offer a theoretical foundation and technical methodology for the structural design and optimization of gradient honeycomb NPTs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12404051,12347156,12174157,12074150,and 12174158)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1405200)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20230516)the Scientific Research Project of Jiangsu University(Grant No.550171001)support provided by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Founda-tion)-TRR 288/2-422213477(project B06).
文摘Interlayer interactions in bilayer or multilayer electron systems have been studied extensively,and many exotic physical phenomena have been revealed.However,systematic investigations of the impact of interlayer interactions on magnonic physics are very few.Here,we use a van derWaals(vdW)honeycomb heterostructure as a platform to investigate the modulation of magnon properties in honeycomb AA-and AB-stacking heterostructures with ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interlayer interactions,including topological phases and thermal Hall conductivity.Our results reveal that interlayer interactions play a crucial role in modulating the magnonic topology and Hall transport properties of magnetic heterostructures,with potential for experimental realization.
文摘This study conducts a thorough examination of honeycomb sandwich panels with a lattice core,adopting advanced computational techniques for their modeling.The research extends its analysis to investigate the natural frequency behavior of sandwich panels,encompassing the comprehensive assessment of the entire panel structure.At its core,the research applies the Representative Volume Element(RVE)theory to establish the equivalent material properties,thereby enhancing the predictive capabilities of lattice structure simulations.Themethodology applies these properties in the core of infinite panels,which are modeled using double periodic boundary conditions to explore their natural frequencies.Expanding beyond mere material characterization,the study introduces a novel approach to defining the material within the panel cores.By incorporating alternate materials such as steel and AlSiC,and by strategically modifying their ratios,the research streamlines the process of material variation without resorting to repetitive 3D operations on the constituent cells.This optimizes not only the computational resources but also offers insights into the structural response under diverse material compositions.Furthermore,the investigation extends its scope to analyze the influence of curvature on the structural behavior of lattice structures.Panels are modeled with varying degrees of curvature,ranging from single to double curvatures,including cylindrical and spherical configurations,across a spectrum of radii.A rigorous analysis is performed to study the effect of curvature on the mechanical performance and stability of lattice structures,offering valuable insights for design optimization and structural engineering applications.By building upon the existing knowledge and introducing innovative methodologies,this study contributes to improving the understanding of lattice structures and their applicability in diverse engineering contexts.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12134012 and 12104433)。
文摘We investigate the hole-doped Hubbard model on a honeycomb lattice using a fermionic projected entangled pair states(f PEPS)method.Our study reveals the presence of quasi-long-range order of Cooper pairs,characterized by powerlaw decay of correlation functions with exponents K>1.We further analyze the competing phases of superconductivity,specifically the antiferromagnetic(AFM)order and the charge density wave(CDW)order.Our results show that there are domain wall structures when the hole dopingδis small and the Coulomb parameter U is large.However,these structures disappear as we increase the hole dopingδor decrease U.Furthermore,for small hole doping,the system exhibits AFM order,which diminishes forδ>0.05.Conversely,as the doping level increases,the CDW order gradually decreases.Notably,a considerable CDW order persists even at higher doping levels.These findings suggest a progressive suppression of the AFM order and a growing prominence of the CDW order with increasingδ.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12074213 and 11574108)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1403103)+2 种基金the Major Basic Program of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2021ZD01)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2023MA082)the Project of Introduction and Cultivation for Young Innovative Talents in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province。
文摘Two-dimensional double-layer honeycomb(DLHC)materials are known for their diverse physical properties,but superconductivity has been a notably absent characteristic in this structure.We address this gap by investigating M_(2)N_(2)(M=Nb,Ta)with DLHC structure using first-principles calculations.Our results show that M_(2)N_(2)are stable and metallic,exhibiting superconducting behavior.Specifically,Nb_(2)N_(2)and Ta_(2)N_(2)display superconducting transition temperatures of 6.8 K and 8.8 K,respectively.Their electron-phonon coupling is predominantly driven by the coupling between metal d-orbitals and low-frequency metal-dominated vibration modes.Interestingly,two compounds also exhibit non-trivial band topology.Thus,M_(2)N_(2)are promising platforms for studying the interplay between topology and superconductivity and fill the gap in superconductivity research for DLHC materials.
基金Project supported by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2022A1515240072,2023A1515240053,2022B1515020099,and 2023A1515012641)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220818102409020)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12102104 and 12002180)。
文摘Re-entrant honeycombs are widely used in safeguard structures due to their geometric simplicity and excellent energy absorption capacities.However,traditional re-entrant honeycombs exhibit insufficient stiffness and stability owing to the lack of internal support.This paper proposes a new hybrid honeycomb by integrating a chiral component inside the re-entrant honeycomb.Since Young's modulus is a key parameter to evaluate the energy absorption performance and stiffness,an analytical model is given to predict the effective Young's modulus of the proposed hybrid honeycomb.It is found that the optimal design scheme is to directly insert a circular ring inside the re-entrant honeycomb.The normalized specific energy absorption(SEA)of the hybrid honeycomb is 95%larger than that of the traditional re-entrant honeycomb.The normalized SEA first increases to a peak value and then decreases with the cell wall thickness.The optimal thickness of the cell wall for the maximum SEA is derived in terms of the geometric configuration of the unit cell.The normalized SEA first decreases to a valley value and then increases with the re-entrant angle.A longer horizontal cell wall results in a smaller normalized SEA.This paper provides a new design method for safeguard structures with high stiffness and energy absorption performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U21A20130 and 52475357).
文摘1.Introduction Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy is a typical age-hardening aluminum alloy,its strength and toughness are significantly influenced by precipita-tion behavior.The nucleation mechanisms of precipitates in this alloy are generally categorized into homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation.Homogeneous nucleation relies on structural and energy fluctuations within the solution to generate the driving force necessary for direct nucleation.
基金support and funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52303104,52203100 and 52403132)Young Talent Fund of Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(No.20240455)+4 种基金Basic Research Program of Natural Science of Shaanxi Province(No.2024JCYBMS-275)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.2023NSCQ-MSX2682)the Doctoral Research Start-up Funds of Xi’an University of Technology(No.108/451122007)Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.CX2024094)the Transformation Projects of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Qinchuangyuan Platform(2023JH-QCYCK-0026).
文摘With the rapid development of 5G communication technology and wearable electronic devices,the demand for low-reflection electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials is becoming increasingly urgent.In this work,reduced graphene oxide-MXene(rGMH)@FeNi/epoxy EMI shielding composites with a regular honeycomb structure were successfully prepared by the combination of surface functionalization modification,sacrificial template,and freeze-drying.The effects of magnetic FeNi alloy particle loading mode and loading amount on the EMI shielding performance of composites were investigated.The results show that rGMH@FeNi/epoxy EMI shielding composites have the highest EMI shielding effectiveness(EMI SE)and the lowest reflection shielding effectiveness when magnetic FeNi alloy particles are loaded only on the graphene skeleton.In this composite,the EMI SE value of the composite is 61 dB when the rGMH@FeNi mass fraction is 5.4 wt%(f-FeNi mass fraction is 0.9 wt%),which is 4.7 times that of the blended rGO/MXene/FeNi/epoxy resin composite(13 dB)with the same mass fraction.At the same time,the rGMH@FeNi/epoxy composite has excellent thermal stability(heat-resistance index of 190.3℃)and mechanical properties(energy storage modulus of 8606.7 MPa).These polymer-based EMI shielding composites with excellent EMI shielding properties and low reflection effectiveness have great potential in the protection of high-power,portable and wearable electronic devices against electromagnetic pollution.
基金supported by the Program for Science and Technology Innovation Team in Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.2021R01004)the Six Talent Peaks Project of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.2019-XCL-081)the Startup Funding of Ningbo University and Yongjiang Recruitment Project(Grant No.432200942).
文摘The exploration of topological phases remains a cutting-edge research frontier,driven by their promising potential for next-generation electronic and quantum technologies.In this work,we employ first-principles calculations and tightbinding modeling to systematically investigate the topological properties of freestanding two-dimensional(2D)honeycomb Bi,HgTe,and Al_(2)O_(3)(0001)-supported HgTe.Remarkably,all three systems exhibit coexistence of intrinsic first-and higher-order topological insulator states,induced by spin-orbit coupling(SOC).These states manifest as topologically protected gapless edge states in one-dimensional(1D)nanoribbons and symmetry-related corner states in zero-dimensional(0D)nanoflakes.Furthermore,fractional electron charges may accumulate at the corners of armchair-edged nanoflakes.Among these materials,HgTe/Al_(2)O_(3)(0001)is particularly promising due to its experimentally feasible atomic configuration and low-energy corner states.Our findings highlight the importance of exploring higher-order topological phases in quantum spin Hall insulators and pave the way for new possibilities in device applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11902256)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi,China(No.2019JQ-479).
文摘A novel grooving method for eliminating the bending-induced collapse of hexagonal honeycombs has been proposed,which lies in determining the appropriate grooving parameters,including the grooving spacing,angle,and depth.To this end,a framework built upon the experiment-based,machine learning approach for grooving parameters prediction was presented.The continuously grooved honeycomb bending experiments with various radii,honeycomb types,and thicknesses were carried out,and then the deformation level of honeycombs at different grooving spacing was quantitatively evaluated.A criterion for determining the grooving spacing was proposed by setting an appropriate tolerance for the out-of-plane compression strength.It was found that as the curvature increases,the grooving spacing increases due to the deformation level of honeycombs being more severe at a smaller bending radius.Besides,the grooving spacing drops as the honeycomb thickness increases,and the cell size has a positive effect on the grooving spacing,while the relative density has a negative effect on the grooving spacing.Furthermore,the data-driven Gaussian Process(GP)was trained from the collected data to predict the grooving spacing efficiently.The grooving angle and depth were calculated using the geometrical relationship of honeycombs before and after bending.Finally,the grooving parameters design and verification of a honeycomb sandwich fairing part were conducted based on the proposed grooving method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11972287,12072266)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Auxetic metamaterials,which exhibit the negative Poisson’s ratio(NPR)effect,have found wide applications in many engineering fields.However,their high porosity inevitably weakens their bearing capacity and impact resistance.To improve the energy absorption efficiency of auxetic honeycombs,a novel vertex-based hierarchical star-shaped honeycomb(VSH)is designed by replacing each vertex in the classical star-shaped honeycomb(SSH)with a newly added self-similar sub-cell.An analytical model is built to investigate the Young’s modulus of VSH,which shows good agreement with experimental results and numerical simulations.The in-plane dynamic crushing behaviors of VSH at three different crushing velocities are investigated,and empirical formulas for the densification strain and plateau stress are deduced.Numerical results reveal more stable deformation modes for VSH,attributed to the addition of self-similar star-shaped sub-cells.Moreover,compared with SSH under the same relative densities,VSH exhibits better specific energy absorption and higher plateau stresses.Therefore,VSH is verified to be a better candidate for energy absorption while maintaining the auxetic effect.This study is expected to provide a new design strategy for auxetic honeycombs.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50776021)Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20092304110004)
文摘The loss in efficiency due to shroud leakage or tip clearance flow accounts for a substantial part of the overall losses in turbomachinery. It is important to identify the leakage loss characteristics in order to optimize turbomachinery. At present, little information is available in the open literature concerning the effect of honeycomb seals on the loss characteristics in shroud cavities of an axial turbine, despite of the widespread use of the honeycomb seals. Therefore, interaction between rotor labyrinth seal leakage flow with and without honeycomb facings and main flow is investigated to provide the loss characteristics of the mixing process of the re-entering leakage flow into the main flow. The effects of honeycomb seals on the flow in shroud cavities and interaction with the main flow are analyzed. An additional study on the impact of subtle shroud cavity exit geometry is also presented. The investigation results indicate that the honeycomb seal affects the over tip leakage flow and reduces mixing losses when compared to the solid labyrinth seal. The leakage flow interactions with the main flow have considerably changed the flow fields in the endwall regions. The proposed research reveals the effects of honeycomb seals on the loss characteristics in shroud cavities and the impact of subtle shroud cavity exit geometry, and it is helpful for the design optimization of turbomachinery.
