Under the theoretical framework of the New Trade Theory and the New Economic Geography, Home Market Effects (HMEs) is considered to be important sources of comparative advantage and significant reasons for industry ag...Under the theoretical framework of the New Trade Theory and the New Economic Geography, Home Market Effects (HMEs) is considered to be important sources of comparative advantage and significant reasons for industry agglomeration. Through the analysis on the input-output tables in China, the paper confirms the existence of HMEs for the manufacturing industries and their export trades on the national and provincial level in China. Several conclusions have been drawn in this study. Firstly, there exist prominent HMEs for manufacturing industries related with nondurable goods and materials in China. Secondly, 10 of the 15 kinds of manufacturing industries considered in this study display the existence of HMEs. Thirdly, the comparative advantage of factor endowment for the export trade of manufacturing industries is declining, while HMEs for them are increasing. Fourthly, among the 30 provincial regions studied in this paper, 11 regions show the existence of HMEs, most of which are located in the eastern coast region. This paper illustrates the simultaneous existence of the comparative advantage of factor endowment and scale economies of HMEs for China's manufacturing industries. HMEs will not only be the new dynamic for the increase of manufacturing industries and their export trade, but also be the primary power for urban economic growth, industry improvement, and urban space expansion for China.展开更多
This research empirically examines the relationship between outward foreign direct investment （OFDI） and employment in its home economy. It is marked out from existing studies in the following three respects. First,...This research empirically examines the relationship between outward foreign direct investment （OFDI） and employment in its home economy. It is marked out from existing studies in the following three respects. First, instead of advanced economies, it focuses on the effect on employment in a newly industrialized economy. Second, it not only addresses the general issue of whether employment or production overseas complements or substitutes for employment in parent companies but also examines how OFDI contributes to skill upgrading in its origin economy, in addition to the quantitative effect. Third, this paper allows the results to vary between labour-intensive industries and technology-intensive industries in order to find the extent to which the home employment effect is moderated by industrial technology intensity. The results demonstrate that the location of investment and industry characteristics matter for explaining the effect of OFDI on home employment. Specifically, we find that while OFDI by Taiwan＇s multinationals in the Chinese mainland depresses employment in Taiwan in both labour- and technology-intensive industries, OFDI in other economies only produces a negative employment effect in technology-intensive sectors. An interesting finding of this study is the evidence of positive effects of OFDI on skill upgrading in Taiwan. This paper supports the argument that relocation of productivity overseas axes low-skilled workers at home. Moreover, OFDI in the Chinese mainland has a particular positive impact on skill upgrading in the home industry, lending support to the view that multinational enterprises （MNEs） outsource labour-intensive goods from their affiliates in low-income economies.展开更多
In this paper, we use 2002-2008 International Standard Industry Classification two-digit bilateral trade paneI data for manufacturing industries in China and the OECD countries to test for the existence of home market...In this paper, we use 2002-2008 International Standard Industry Classification two-digit bilateral trade paneI data for manufacturing industries in China and the OECD countries to test for the existence of home market effects. We find that significant home market effects exist in 8 out of 12 industries. These industries include the food, beverage and tobacco industry, wood products, the paper products and printing industry, chemical products, other non- metallic mineral products, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, and miscellaneous products and waste resources recycling industry. Textile, clothing and leather manufacturing, oil refining and nuclear fuel manufacturing, rubber andplastics, and basic metals and fabricated metal products industries do not exhibit home market effects. Indeed, strong reverse home market effects occur for oil refining and nuclear fuel manufacturing and for the rubber and plastics industry. The empirical results reveal that certain industries benefit from new export opportunities due to the expansion of domestic demand in China.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Fund Project of Ministry of Education of China(No. 2009JJD790014, 10YJA790005)
文摘Under the theoretical framework of the New Trade Theory and the New Economic Geography, Home Market Effects (HMEs) is considered to be important sources of comparative advantage and significant reasons for industry agglomeration. Through the analysis on the input-output tables in China, the paper confirms the existence of HMEs for the manufacturing industries and their export trades on the national and provincial level in China. Several conclusions have been drawn in this study. Firstly, there exist prominent HMEs for manufacturing industries related with nondurable goods and materials in China. Secondly, 10 of the 15 kinds of manufacturing industries considered in this study display the existence of HMEs. Thirdly, the comparative advantage of factor endowment for the export trade of manufacturing industries is declining, while HMEs for them are increasing. Fourthly, among the 30 provincial regions studied in this paper, 11 regions show the existence of HMEs, most of which are located in the eastern coast region. This paper illustrates the simultaneous existence of the comparative advantage of factor endowment and scale economies of HMEs for China's manufacturing industries. HMEs will not only be the new dynamic for the increase of manufacturing industries and their export trade, but also be the primary power for urban economic growth, industry improvement, and urban space expansion for China.
文摘This research empirically examines the relationship between outward foreign direct investment （OFDI） and employment in its home economy. It is marked out from existing studies in the following three respects. First, instead of advanced economies, it focuses on the effect on employment in a newly industrialized economy. Second, it not only addresses the general issue of whether employment or production overseas complements or substitutes for employment in parent companies but also examines how OFDI contributes to skill upgrading in its origin economy, in addition to the quantitative effect. Third, this paper allows the results to vary between labour-intensive industries and technology-intensive industries in order to find the extent to which the home employment effect is moderated by industrial technology intensity. The results demonstrate that the location of investment and industry characteristics matter for explaining the effect of OFDI on home employment. Specifically, we find that while OFDI by Taiwan＇s multinationals in the Chinese mainland depresses employment in Taiwan in both labour- and technology-intensive industries, OFDI in other economies only produces a negative employment effect in technology-intensive sectors. An interesting finding of this study is the evidence of positive effects of OFDI on skill upgrading in Taiwan. This paper supports the argument that relocation of productivity overseas axes low-skilled workers at home. Moreover, OFDI in the Chinese mainland has a particular positive impact on skill upgrading in the home industry, lending support to the view that multinational enterprises （MNEs） outsource labour-intensive goods from their affiliates in low-income economies.
基金supported by a grant from the Humanities and Social Science Research Fund of the Bureau of Education(for"expansion of domestic demand and home market effects of foreign trade in China") (Project No.08JA790023)
文摘In this paper, we use 2002-2008 International Standard Industry Classification two-digit bilateral trade paneI data for manufacturing industries in China and the OECD countries to test for the existence of home market effects. We find that significant home market effects exist in 8 out of 12 industries. These industries include the food, beverage and tobacco industry, wood products, the paper products and printing industry, chemical products, other non- metallic mineral products, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, and miscellaneous products and waste resources recycling industry. Textile, clothing and leather manufacturing, oil refining and nuclear fuel manufacturing, rubber andplastics, and basic metals and fabricated metal products industries do not exhibit home market effects. Indeed, strong reverse home market effects occur for oil refining and nuclear fuel manufacturing and for the rubber and plastics industry. The empirical results reveal that certain industries benefit from new export opportunities due to the expansion of domestic demand in China.
