Herein,we report a novel and highly efficient method for the synthesis ofα-phosphoryloxy carbonyl compounds via Rucatalyzed P(O)O–H insertion reactions of sulfoxonium ylides and phosphinic acids,with the assistance ...Herein,we report a novel and highly efficient method for the synthesis ofα-phosphoryloxy carbonyl compounds via Rucatalyzed P(O)O–H insertion reactions of sulfoxonium ylides and phosphinic acids,with the assistance of high-throughput experimentation(HTE)and machine learning(ML).A variety of P(O)O−H derivatives,including diarylphosphates,alkyl phosphates,and alkoxyphosphates,are competent candidates to react with sulfoxonium ylides in this transformation,and variousα-phosphoryloxy carbonyls and propylene phosphates are directly constructed.This approach utilizes readily available sulfoxonium ylide as a carbene precursor,and features mild conditions,operational simplicity,and broad functional groups tolerance,and could be used for late-stage functionalization of structurally complex bioactive molecules.Moreover,a conducive exploration of the reaction space is also conducted(756 reactions)and a machine learning model for reaction yield prediction has been developed and applied,showcasing the practical application of this newly workflow(HTE-ML)in the field of synthetic chemistry.展开更多
Materials genome engineering(MGE)has been successfully applied in various fields,resulting in a series of novel materials with excellent performance.Significant progress has been made in high-throughput simulation,exp...Materials genome engineering(MGE)has been successfully applied in various fields,resulting in a series of novel materials with excellent performance.Significant progress has been made in high-throughput simulation,experimentation,and data-driven techniques,enabling the effective prediction,rapid synthesis,and characterization of many classes of materials.In this brief review,we introduce the achievements made in the field of metallic glasses(MGs)using MGE,in particular high-throughput experimentation and data-driven approaches.High-throughput experiments help to efficiently synthesize and characterize many materials in a short period of time,enabling the construction of high-quality material databases for data-driven methods.Paired with machine learning,potential alloys of desired properties may be revealed and predicted.Along with the progress in computational power and algorithms of machine learning,the complex composition-structure-properties relationship is hopefully established,which in turn help efficient and precise prediction of new MGs.展开更多
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with high-throughput experimentation (HTE) techniques is revolutionizing catalyst design, addressing challenges in efficiency, cost, and scalability. This review explore...The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with high-throughput experimentation (HTE) techniques is revolutionizing catalyst design, addressing challenges in efficiency, cost, and scalability. This review explores the synergistic application of AI and HTE, highlighting their role in accelerating catalyst discovery, optimizing reaction parameters, and understanding structure-performance relationships. HTE facilitates the rapid preparation, characterization, and evaluation of diverse catalyst formulations, generating large datasets essential for AI model training. Machine learning algorithms, including regression models, neural networks, and active learning frameworks, analyze these datasets to uncover the underlying relationships between the data, predict performance, and optimize experimental workflows in real-time. Case studies across heterogeneous, homogeneous, and electrocatalysis demonstrate significant advancements, including improved reaction selectivity, enhanced material stability, and shorten discovery cycles. The integration of AI with HTE has significantly accelerated discovery cycles, enabling the optimization of catalyst formulations and reaction conditions. Despite these achievements, challenges remain, including reliance on researcher expertise, real-time adaptability, and the complexity of large-scale data analysis. Addressing these limitations through refined experimental protocols, standardized datasets, and interpretable AI models will unlock the full potential of AI-HTE integration.展开更多
Sm–Co-based films play an irreplaceable role in special applications due to their high curie temperature and magnetocrystalline anisotropic energy,especially in heat-assisted magnetic recording(HAMR),but the complex ...Sm–Co-based films play an irreplaceable role in special applications due to their high curie temperature and magnetocrystalline anisotropic energy,especially in heat-assisted magnetic recording(HAMR),but the complex composition of Sm–Co phase and unclear synergistic coupling mechanisms of multi-elemental doping become the challenges to enhance the properties.In this work,a novel strategy combining magnetron sputtering and a high-throughput experiment method is applied to solve the above-mentioned problems.Fe/Cu co-doping highly increases the remanence while maintaining a coercivity larger than 26 kOe,leading to an enhancement of the magnetic energy product to 18.1 MGOe.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and high-resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM)reveals that SmCo_(5) phase occupies the major fraction,with Co atoms partially substituted by Fe and Cu atoms.In situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy(LTEM)observations show that the Sm(Co,Cu)5 phase effectively prohibits domain wall motions,leading to an increase of coercivity(H_(c)).Fe doping increases the low saturation magnetization(M_(s))and low remanence(Mr)due to the Fe atom having a higher saturation magnetic moment.The magnetization reversal behaviors are further verified by micromagnetic simulations.Our results suggest that Sm–Co-based films prepared via Fe/Cu co-doping could be a promising candidate for high-performed HAMR in the future.展开更多
Experimental therapies targeting immune and stromal cells,such as mast cells,cancer-associated fibroblasts,dendritic cells,and tumor endothelial cells,in the treatment of gastrointestinal solid tumors pose new and com...Experimental therapies targeting immune and stromal cells,such as mast cells,cancer-associated fibroblasts,dendritic cells,and tumor endothelial cells,in the treatment of gastrointestinal solid tumors pose new and complex surgical and medico-legal challenges.These innovative treatments require that informed consent not be limited to simple acceptance of the medical procedure,but instead reflect a true relational and cognitive process grounded in understanding,free choice,and the ability to revoke consent at any time.In particular,it is essential that the patient understands the experimental nature of the therapy,its development stage,potential benefits and risks,as well as the implications for their health and personal dignity.In the case of stromal cell-based treatments,which may exert complex immunomodulatory effects or activate angiogenic pathways that are not yet fully understood,patients must be made fully aware that they are participating in a non-standardized therapy whose outcomes,whether beneficial or harmful,cannot yet be predicted with certainty.This requires particularly careful medical communication,using simple yet scientifically accurate explanations delivered in appropriate language,along with a final verification of the patient’s actual understanding.展开更多
A combinatorial high-throughput experiment(HTE)was used to optimize composition and process of nickel-saving cryogenic steel.A gradient temperature heat treatment method with a high linear distribution of heat treatme...A combinatorial high-throughput experiment(HTE)was used to optimize composition and process of nickel-saving cryogenic steel.A gradient temperature heat treatment method with a high linear distribution of heat treatment temperature using customized graphite sleeve direct current heating was used in the combinatorial HTE,which enhanced the richness of the sample library for the single preparation of the 10^(2) level component process variables.Cryogenic steel with excellent mechanical properties was optimized using this combinatorial HTE,and the Ni content was reduced from the traditional 9 to 5.6 wt.%by using Mn instead of Ni.The heterogeneous structure architecture strategy and strengthening and toughening mechanism of the harmonic structure induced by intrinsic heat treatment of additive manufacturing were revealed.Taking the composition process optimization of Ni-saving cryogenic steel as an example,the boosting ability of combinatorial HTE in the research and development of new metal materials was proposed.展开更多
Aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)have attracted much attention in recent years due to their high safety,low cost,and decent electrochemical performance.However,the traditional electrodes development process requires t...Aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)have attracted much attention in recent years due to their high safety,low cost,and decent electrochemical performance.However,the traditional electrodes development process requires tedious synthesis and testing procedures,which reduces the efficiency of developing highperformance battery devices.Here,we proposed a high-throughput screening strategy based on firstprinciples calculations to aid the experimental development of high-performance spinel cathode materials for AZIBs.We obtained 14 spinel materials from 12,047 Mn/Zn-O based materials by examining their structures and whether they satisfy the basic properties of electrodes.Then their band structures and density of states,open circuit voltage and volume expansion rate,ionic diffusion coefficient and energy barrier were further evaluated by first-principles calculations,resulting in five potential candidates.One of the promising candidates identified,Mg_(2)MnO_(4),was experimentally synthesized,characterized and integrated into an AZIB based cell to verify its performance as a cathode.The Mg_(2)MnO_(4)cathode exhibits excellent cycling stability,which is consistent with the theoretically predicted low volume expansion.Moreover,at high current density,the Mg_(2)MnO_(4)cathode still exhibits high reversible capacity and excellent rate performance,indicating that it is an excellent cathode material for AZIBs.Our work provides a new approach to accelerate the development of high-performance cathodes for AZIBs and other ion batteries.展开更多
The development of new engineering alloy chemistries and heat treatments is a time-consuming and iterative process.Here,a hybrid approach of the high-throughput precipitation simulations and decisive experiments is de...The development of new engineering alloy chemistries and heat treatments is a time-consuming and iterative process.Here,a hybrid approach of the high-throughput precipitation simulations and decisive experiments is developed to optimize the composition and manipulate the microstructure of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys to achieve the expected yield strength and elongation.For that purpose,a multi-class Kampmann-Wagner numerical(KWN)framework is established and the contributions to precipitation kinetics and strength from primary phases and precipitates formed before age hardening are introduced for the first time.The composition/process-structure-property relationship of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys is pre-sented and discussed in detail.Coupled with thermodynamic calculations,two concentration-optimized Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with expected high yield strength and long elongation are designed,prepared,and characterized.The excellent strength and elongation of the designed alloys and the good agreement between the measured and model-predicted mechanical properties for these two alloys underscores the remarkable predictive power of the presently developed material design strategy.This work establishes a novel material design strategy for rapidly exploring the compositional space and investigating the effects of composition and heat treatment on the microstructure and performance of ultrahigh strength Al alloys and other materials.展开更多
Objective： The aim of this project was to train highly professional and specialized nursing students from medical colleges to adapt to bedside clinical care by exploring and discussing various methods of injection an...Objective： The aim of this project was to train highly professional and specialized nursing students from medical colleges to adapt to bedside clinical care by exploring and discussing various methods of injection and IV infusion in animal experimentation to hone the core professional nursing competencies. Methods： Two classes from the 2012 senior graduating nursing class were randomly selected by a computer to conduct the diversified practical teaching methods based on animal experimentation. A hospital environment was simulated by requiring students to perform different types of injections and practical IV infusion techniques. A comprehensive evaluation of the core professional competencies, as well as other integrated competencies, was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the teaching methods. Results： Two-sampled, pairwise u-tests were performed between the scores of the experimental （nursing class 2） and control （nursing class 1） groups. These findings showed that the overall test scores were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group and that the average P-values for the competencies in various categories were 〈0.01, which indicated statistically significant results. Conclusions： Based on the data from this project, diversified teaching methods for basic nursing training founded on animal experimentation can help nursing students perfect their core professional competencies and improve their overall professional standing. The introduction of animal experimentation requires further verification, and an increased acknowledgement of its benefits through the widespread dissemination of this information.展开更多
We emphasize the importance of studying the primate brain in cognitive neuroscience and suggest a new mind-set in primate experimentation within the boundaries of animal welfare regulations.Specifically,we list the ad...We emphasize the importance of studying the primate brain in cognitive neuroscience and suggest a new mind-set in primate experimentation within the boundaries of animal welfare regulations.Specifically,we list the advantages of investigating both genes and neural mechanisms and processes in the emergence of behavioral and cognitive functions,and propose the establishment of an open field of primate research.The latter may be conducted by implementing and harmonizing experimental practices with ethical guidelines that regulate(1)management of natural parks with free-moving populations of target nonhuman primates,(2)establishment of indoor-outdoor labs for both system genetics and neuroscience investigations,and(3)hotel space and technologies which remotely collect and dislocate information regarding primates geographically located elsewhere.展开更多
A new approach is demonstrated in which soft experimentation can be performed for MMP measurements, thus replacing the common practice of slim tube displacement laboratory experiments. Recovery potential from oil rese...A new approach is demonstrated in which soft experimentation can be performed for MMP measurements, thus replacing the common practice of slim tube displacement laboratory experiments. Recovery potential from oil reservoirs by miscible flue gas injection was studied by slim tube and field-scale numerical simulation using two flue gases and seven crude oils sampled at different depths in three candidate reservoirs. The soft experimentations were conducted using Eclipse300<sup>TM</sup>, a three-phase compositional simulator. This study investigates minimum miscibility pressure (MMP), a significant miscible gas injection project screening tool. Successful design of the project is contingent to the accurate determination of the MMP. This study evaluates effects of important factors such as injection pressure, oil component composition, and injection gas composition on the MMP and recovery efficiency for slim tube and field-scale displacements. Two applicable MMP correlations were used for comparison and validation purposes.展开更多
Ti alloys,as leading lightweight and high-strength metallic materials,exhibit significant application potential in aerospace,marine engineering,biomedical,and other industries.However,the lack of fundamental understan...Ti alloys,as leading lightweight and high-strength metallic materials,exhibit significant application potential in aerospace,marine engineering,biomedical,and other industries.However,the lack of fundamental understanding of the microstructure−property relationship results in prolonged research and development(R&D)cycles,hindering the optimization of the performance of Ti alloys.Recently,the advent of high-throughput experimental(HTE)technology has shown promise in facilitating the efficient and demand-driven development of next-generation Ti alloys.This work reviews the latest advancements in HTE technology for Ti alloys.The high-throughput preparation(HTP)techniques commonly used in the fabrication of Ti alloys are addressed,including diffusion multiple,additive manufacturing(AM),vapor deposition and others.The current applications of high-throughput characterization(HTC)techniques in Ti alloys are shown.Finally,the research achievements in HTE technology for Ti alloys are summarized and the challenges faced in their industrial application are discussed.展开更多
Photocatalysis,a critical strategy for harvesting sunlight to address energy demand and environmental concerns,is underpinned by the discovery of high-performance photocatalysts,thereby how to design photocatalysts is...Photocatalysis,a critical strategy for harvesting sunlight to address energy demand and environmental concerns,is underpinned by the discovery of high-performance photocatalysts,thereby how to design photocatalysts is now generating widespread interest in boosting the conversion effi-ciency of solar energy.In the past decade,computational technologies and theoretical simulations have led to a major leap in the development of high-throughput computational screening strategies for novel high-efficiency photocatalysts.In this viewpoint,we started with introducing the challenges of photocatalysis from the view of experimental practice,especially the inefficiency of the traditional“trial and error”method.Sub-sequently,a cross-sectional comparison between experimental and high-throughput computational screening for photocatalysis is presented and discussed in detail.On the basis of the current experimental progress in photocatalysis,we also exemplified the various challenges associated with high-throughput computational screening strategies.Finally,we offered a preferred high-throughput computational screening procedure for pho-tocatalysts from an experimental practice perspective(model construction and screening,standardized experiments,assessment and revision),with the aim of a better correlation of high-throughput simulations and experimental practices,motivating to search for better descriptors.展开更多
Experimental data for the perovskite phase SrZrO3 were subjected to a critical thermodynamic assessment using the CALPHAD approach. Special attention was paid to the structural behavior of SrZrO3 to illustrate, how to...Experimental data for the perovskite phase SrZrO3 were subjected to a critical thermodynamic assessment using the CALPHAD approach. Special attention was paid to the structural behavior of SrZrO3 to illustrate, how to select an appropriate thermodynamic model based on crystal structure and chemistry information, how to identify and resolve the inconsistency between various kinds of experimental data, and how to use thermodynamic modeling as a basic tool in the development and optimization of materials and process. Our assessment results in a Gibbs energy function covering the temperature range between 300 K and the melting point, which explains the experimental data within the experimental uncertainty.展开更多
This study was carried out at the Mamou Higher Institute of Technology during the period from March 10 to April 15, 2022, with the aim of designing and testing a solar dryer with forced convection by drying potatoes. ...This study was carried out at the Mamou Higher Institute of Technology during the period from March 10 to April 15, 2022, with the aim of designing and testing a solar dryer with forced convection by drying potatoes. The dryer was designed using local materials. Its main geometric parameters are: 1) height of the drying chamber (90 cm), 2) length of the drying chamber (50 cm), 3) width of the drying chamber (43 cm), 4) surface of the racks (0.1806 m<sup>2</sup>), 5) surface of the heat accumulator (0.2537 m<sup>2</sup>). The experiment focused on the vacuum test of the dryer for two days and that of the drying of the sweet potato for three days from 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. The average vacuum test temperature values of the three environments are respectively accumulator (43°C), dryer chamber (41°C) and ambient environment (34°C). Four kilograms (4 kg) of boiled sweet potato were dried. The average temperatures in the accumulator and in the drying chamber during the three days of drying are respectively 33°C and 39°C. The final mass of the dried product is 1.2 kg, with a quantity of water extracted of 2 liters or 63% of the initial mass of the product. The average drying rate is 0.074 kg/h. The drying kinetics showed a decreasing rate in the absence of the heating period and the constant rate period.展开更多
The clay in the aquatic environment begins to precipitate depending on the saturation level of the solution.The purpose of this work is to monitor this subsidence of the clay and to see its course with photographs.The...The clay in the aquatic environment begins to precipitate depending on the saturation level of the solution.The purpose of this work is to monitor this subsidence of the clay and to see its course with photographs.The photos are then analyzed with the Adobe Photoshop program,so that the students of the 3rd grade of the High School are able to follow the evolution of the precipitation phenomenon through the analysis of the photos and the probability density distribution function of the three pigments(RBG(Red-Blue-Green)in the technology course).The rate of clay settling as shown in the photos requires a prerequisite for the use of soil conditioners in specific clay soils.The students who participated in the workshop had the opportunity to get in touch with the phenomenon of subsidence,the processing of the brightness of the images with the program Adobe Photoshop and the study of soil improvement alternatives.展开更多
The aim of this study is to report the use of RE （remote experimentation） in an educational press. The authors developed this remote experiment with the objective to study the Hooke＇s law through the analysis of th...The aim of this study is to report the use of RE （remote experimentation） in an educational press. The authors developed this remote experiment with the objective to study the Hooke＇s law through the analysis of the coil spring. The remote experiment is available in a website, where the students can manipulate and observe the educational press and confirm Hooke＇s statements with the output information. In addition, the students will have the opportunity to read in the website about the educational press, the physical law, and the use of the press in industrial processes. This remote experimentation exerts a force in the mechanical spring creating a deformation. In the defined point, the microcomputer will collect the data from the sensors, and it will save this data in the database. After the process execution, a graph with the data will be plotted in the website. The tests confirm that the educational press has informational potential because it returned values consistent with Hooke＇s law and the experiment presented repetition in all tests realized.展开更多
Background: The Tiêu equation has a ground roots approach to the process of Quantum Biology and goes deeper through the incorporation of Quantum Mechanics. The process can be measured in plant, animal, and human ...Background: The Tiêu equation has a ground roots approach to the process of Quantum Biology and goes deeper through the incorporation of Quantum Mechanics. The process can be measured in plant, animal, and human usage through a variety of experimental or testing forms. Animal studies were conducted for which, in the first day of the study all the animals consistently gained dramatic weight, even as a toxic substance was introduced as described in the introduction of the paper to harm animal subjects which induced weight loss through toxicity. Tests can be made by incorporating blood report results. Human patients were also observed to show improvement to their health as administration of the substance was introduced to the biological mechanism and plants were initially exposed to the substance to observe results. This is consistent with the Tiêu equation which provides that wave function is created as the introduction of the substance to the biological mechanism which supports Quantum Mechanics. The Tiêu equation demonstrates that Quantum Mechanics moves a particle by temperature producing energy thru the blood-brain barrier for example. Methods: The methods for the Tiêu equation incorporate animal studies to include the substance administered through laboratory standards using Good Laboratory Practices under Title 40 C.F.R. § 158. Human patients were treated with the substance by medical professionals who are experts in their field and have knowledge to the response of patients. Plant applications were acquired for observation and guidance of ongoing experiments of animals’ representative for the biologics mechanism. Results: The animal studies along with patient blood testing results have been an impressive line that has followed the Tiêu equation to consistently show improvement in the introduction of the innovation to biologic mechanisms. The mechanism responds to the substance by producing energy to the mechanism with efficient effect. For plant observations, plant organisms responded, and were seen as showing improvement thru visual observation.展开更多
In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology bas...In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology based on the principle of high-throughput sequencing,and established a multi-locus 10 animalderived components identification method of cattle,goat,sheep,donkey,horse,chicken,duck,goose,pigeon,quail in meat and meat products.The specific loci of each species could be detected and the species could be accurately identified,including 5 loci for cattle and duck,3 loci for sheep,9 loci for chicken and horse,10 loci for goose and pigeon,6 loci for quail and 1 locus for donkey and goat,and an adulteration model was established to simulate commercially available samples.The results showed that the method established in this study had high throughput,good repeatability and accuracy,and was able to identify 10 animalderived components simultaneously with 100%repeatability accuracy.The detection limit was 0.1%(m/m)in simulated samples of chicken,duck and horse.Using the method established in this study to test commercially available samples,4 samples from 14 commercially available samples were detected to be inconsistent with the labels,of which 2 did not contain the target ingredient and 2 were adulterated with small amounts of other ingredients.展开更多
The high porosity and tunable chemical functionality of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)make it a promising catalyst design platform.High-throughput screening of catalytic performance is feasible since the large MOF str...The high porosity and tunable chemical functionality of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)make it a promising catalyst design platform.High-throughput screening of catalytic performance is feasible since the large MOF structure database is available.In this study,we report a machine learning model for high-throughput screening of MOF catalysts for the CO_(2) cycloaddition reaction.The descriptors for model training were judiciously chosen according to the reaction mechanism,which leads to high accuracy up to 97%for the 75%quantile of the training set as the classification criterion.The feature contribution was further evaluated with SHAP and PDP analysis to provide a certain physical understanding.12,415 hypothetical MOF structures and 100 reported MOFs were evaluated under 100℃ and 1 bar within one day using the model,and 239 potentially efficient catalysts were discovered.Among them,MOF-76(Y)achieved the top performance experimentally among reported MOFs,in good agreement with the prediction.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22372044,22393892,22002169,22071249)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515012583,2019A1515111111)the Major Program of Guangzhou National Laboratory(GZNL2023A02012)。
文摘Herein,we report a novel and highly efficient method for the synthesis ofα-phosphoryloxy carbonyl compounds via Rucatalyzed P(O)O–H insertion reactions of sulfoxonium ylides and phosphinic acids,with the assistance of high-throughput experimentation(HTE)and machine learning(ML).A variety of P(O)O−H derivatives,including diarylphosphates,alkyl phosphates,and alkoxyphosphates,are competent candidates to react with sulfoxonium ylides in this transformation,and variousα-phosphoryloxy carbonyls and propylene phosphates are directly constructed.This approach utilizes readily available sulfoxonium ylide as a carbene precursor,and features mild conditions,operational simplicity,and broad functional groups tolerance,and could be used for late-stage functionalization of structurally complex bioactive molecules.Moreover,a conducive exploration of the reaction space is also conducted(756 reactions)and a machine learning model for reaction yield prediction has been developed and applied,showcasing the practical application of this newly workflow(HTE-ML)in the field of synthetic chemistry.
基金support by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant no.2018YFA0703600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.51825104).
文摘Materials genome engineering(MGE)has been successfully applied in various fields,resulting in a series of novel materials with excellent performance.Significant progress has been made in high-throughput simulation,experimentation,and data-driven techniques,enabling the effective prediction,rapid synthesis,and characterization of many classes of materials.In this brief review,we introduce the achievements made in the field of metallic glasses(MGs)using MGE,in particular high-throughput experimentation and data-driven approaches.High-throughput experiments help to efficiently synthesize and characterize many materials in a short period of time,enabling the construction of high-quality material databases for data-driven methods.Paired with machine learning,potential alloys of desired properties may be revealed and predicted.Along with the progress in computational power and algorithms of machine learning,the complex composition-structure-properties relationship is hopefully established,which in turn help efficient and precise prediction of new MGs.
基金supported by the Special Project of National Natural Science Foundation(42341204)the the National Natural Science Foundation of China(W2411009).
文摘The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with high-throughput experimentation (HTE) techniques is revolutionizing catalyst design, addressing challenges in efficiency, cost, and scalability. This review explores the synergistic application of AI and HTE, highlighting their role in accelerating catalyst discovery, optimizing reaction parameters, and understanding structure-performance relationships. HTE facilitates the rapid preparation, characterization, and evaluation of diverse catalyst formulations, generating large datasets essential for AI model training. Machine learning algorithms, including regression models, neural networks, and active learning frameworks, analyze these datasets to uncover the underlying relationships between the data, predict performance, and optimize experimental workflows in real-time. Case studies across heterogeneous, homogeneous, and electrocatalysis demonstrate significant advancements, including improved reaction selectivity, enhanced material stability, and shorten discovery cycles. The integration of AI with HTE has significantly accelerated discovery cycles, enabling the optimization of catalyst formulations and reaction conditions. Despite these achievements, challenges remain, including reliance on researcher expertise, real-time adaptability, and the complexity of large-scale data analysis. Addressing these limitations through refined experimental protocols, standardized datasets, and interpretable AI models will unlock the full potential of AI-HTE integration.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3505700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51901079)+4 种基金Guangdong Science and Technology Program(No.2023A0505050145)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2024A1515030178,2020A1515010736 and 2021A1515010451)Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Program(No.202007020008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,the Opening Project of National Engineering Research Center for Powder Metallurgy of Titanium&Rare Metals,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Zhongshan Municipal Science and Technology Program(No.191007102629094)Zhongshan Collaborative Innovation Fund(No.2018C1001).
文摘Sm–Co-based films play an irreplaceable role in special applications due to their high curie temperature and magnetocrystalline anisotropic energy,especially in heat-assisted magnetic recording(HAMR),but the complex composition of Sm–Co phase and unclear synergistic coupling mechanisms of multi-elemental doping become the challenges to enhance the properties.In this work,a novel strategy combining magnetron sputtering and a high-throughput experiment method is applied to solve the above-mentioned problems.Fe/Cu co-doping highly increases the remanence while maintaining a coercivity larger than 26 kOe,leading to an enhancement of the magnetic energy product to 18.1 MGOe.X-ray diffraction(XRD)and high-resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM)reveals that SmCo_(5) phase occupies the major fraction,with Co atoms partially substituted by Fe and Cu atoms.In situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy(LTEM)observations show that the Sm(Co,Cu)5 phase effectively prohibits domain wall motions,leading to an increase of coercivity(H_(c)).Fe doping increases the low saturation magnetization(M_(s))and low remanence(Mr)due to the Fe atom having a higher saturation magnetic moment.The magnetization reversal behaviors are further verified by micromagnetic simulations.Our results suggest that Sm–Co-based films prepared via Fe/Cu co-doping could be a promising candidate for high-performed HAMR in the future.
文摘Experimental therapies targeting immune and stromal cells,such as mast cells,cancer-associated fibroblasts,dendritic cells,and tumor endothelial cells,in the treatment of gastrointestinal solid tumors pose new and complex surgical and medico-legal challenges.These innovative treatments require that informed consent not be limited to simple acceptance of the medical procedure,but instead reflect a true relational and cognitive process grounded in understanding,free choice,and the ability to revoke consent at any time.In particular,it is essential that the patient understands the experimental nature of the therapy,its development stage,potential benefits and risks,as well as the implications for their health and personal dignity.In the case of stromal cell-based treatments,which may exert complex immunomodulatory effects or activate angiogenic pathways that are not yet fully understood,patients must be made fully aware that they are participating in a non-standardized therapy whose outcomes,whether beneficial or harmful,cannot yet be predicted with certainty.This requires particularly careful medical communication,using simple yet scientifically accurate explanations delivered in appropriate language,along with a final verification of the patient’s actual understanding.
基金the financial support of the National KeyR&DProgram of China(No.2021YFB3702401)Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52293394)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51831002).
文摘A combinatorial high-throughput experiment(HTE)was used to optimize composition and process of nickel-saving cryogenic steel.A gradient temperature heat treatment method with a high linear distribution of heat treatment temperature using customized graphite sleeve direct current heating was used in the combinatorial HTE,which enhanced the richness of the sample library for the single preparation of the 10^(2) level component process variables.Cryogenic steel with excellent mechanical properties was optimized using this combinatorial HTE,and the Ni content was reduced from the traditional 9 to 5.6 wt.%by using Mn instead of Ni.The heterogeneous structure architecture strategy and strengthening and toughening mechanism of the harmonic structure induced by intrinsic heat treatment of additive manufacturing were revealed.Taking the composition process optimization of Ni-saving cryogenic steel as an example,the boosting ability of combinatorial HTE in the research and development of new metal materials was proposed.
基金This work was financially supported by research grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12004057,62074022,52173235)Support plan for Overseas Students to Return to China for Entrepreneurship and Innovation(No.cx2020075)+3 种基金Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems(No.LLEUTS-2020008)Chongqing Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(No.cstc2021jcyj-jqX0015)Chongqing Talent Plan(No.CQYC2021059206)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2020CDJQY-A055).
文摘Aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)have attracted much attention in recent years due to their high safety,low cost,and decent electrochemical performance.However,the traditional electrodes development process requires tedious synthesis and testing procedures,which reduces the efficiency of developing highperformance battery devices.Here,we proposed a high-throughput screening strategy based on firstprinciples calculations to aid the experimental development of high-performance spinel cathode materials for AZIBs.We obtained 14 spinel materials from 12,047 Mn/Zn-O based materials by examining their structures and whether they satisfy the basic properties of electrodes.Then their band structures and density of states,open circuit voltage and volume expansion rate,ionic diffusion coefficient and energy barrier were further evaluated by first-principles calculations,resulting in five potential candidates.One of the promising candidates identified,Mg_(2)MnO_(4),was experimentally synthesized,characterized and integrated into an AZIB based cell to verify its performance as a cathode.The Mg_(2)MnO_(4)cathode exhibits excellent cycling stability,which is consistent with the theoretically predicted low volume expansion.Moreover,at high current density,the Mg_(2)MnO_(4)cathode still exhibits high reversible capacity and excellent rate performance,indicating that it is an excellent cathode material for AZIBs.Our work provides a new approach to accelerate the development of high-performance cathodes for AZIBs and other ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB0704003)the Funds for International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51820105001).
文摘The development of new engineering alloy chemistries and heat treatments is a time-consuming and iterative process.Here,a hybrid approach of the high-throughput precipitation simulations and decisive experiments is developed to optimize the composition and manipulate the microstructure of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys to achieve the expected yield strength and elongation.For that purpose,a multi-class Kampmann-Wagner numerical(KWN)framework is established and the contributions to precipitation kinetics and strength from primary phases and precipitates formed before age hardening are introduced for the first time.The composition/process-structure-property relationship of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys is pre-sented and discussed in detail.Coupled with thermodynamic calculations,two concentration-optimized Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with expected high yield strength and long elongation are designed,prepared,and characterized.The excellent strength and elongation of the designed alloys and the good agreement between the measured and model-predicted mechanical properties for these two alloys underscores the remarkable predictive power of the presently developed material design strategy.This work establishes a novel material design strategy for rapidly exploring the compositional space and investigating the effects of composition and heat treatment on the microstructure and performance of ultrahigh strength Al alloys and other materials.
基金supported by 2012 Jiangxi Province Higher Education Reform Research Provincial Research Project(No.JXJG-12-29-3)
文摘Objective： The aim of this project was to train highly professional and specialized nursing students from medical colleges to adapt to bedside clinical care by exploring and discussing various methods of injection and IV infusion in animal experimentation to hone the core professional nursing competencies. Methods： Two classes from the 2012 senior graduating nursing class were randomly selected by a computer to conduct the diversified practical teaching methods based on animal experimentation. A hospital environment was simulated by requiring students to perform different types of injections and practical IV infusion techniques. A comprehensive evaluation of the core professional competencies, as well as other integrated competencies, was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the teaching methods. Results： Two-sampled, pairwise u-tests were performed between the scores of the experimental （nursing class 2） and control （nursing class 1） groups. These findings showed that the overall test scores were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group and that the average P-values for the competencies in various categories were 〈0.01, which indicated statistically significant results. Conclusions： Based on the data from this project, diversified teaching methods for basic nursing training founded on animal experimentation can help nursing students perfect their core professional competencies and improve their overall professional standing. The introduction of animal experimentation requires further verification, and an increased acknowledgement of its benefits through the widespread dissemination of this information.
文摘We emphasize the importance of studying the primate brain in cognitive neuroscience and suggest a new mind-set in primate experimentation within the boundaries of animal welfare regulations.Specifically,we list the advantages of investigating both genes and neural mechanisms and processes in the emergence of behavioral and cognitive functions,and propose the establishment of an open field of primate research.The latter may be conducted by implementing and harmonizing experimental practices with ethical guidelines that regulate(1)management of natural parks with free-moving populations of target nonhuman primates,(2)establishment of indoor-outdoor labs for both system genetics and neuroscience investigations,and(3)hotel space and technologies which remotely collect and dislocate information regarding primates geographically located elsewhere.
文摘A new approach is demonstrated in which soft experimentation can be performed for MMP measurements, thus replacing the common practice of slim tube displacement laboratory experiments. Recovery potential from oil reservoirs by miscible flue gas injection was studied by slim tube and field-scale numerical simulation using two flue gases and seven crude oils sampled at different depths in three candidate reservoirs. The soft experimentations were conducted using Eclipse300<sup>TM</sup>, a three-phase compositional simulator. This study investigates minimum miscibility pressure (MMP), a significant miscible gas injection project screening tool. Successful design of the project is contingent to the accurate determination of the MMP. This study evaluates effects of important factors such as injection pressure, oil component composition, and injection gas composition on the MMP and recovery efficiency for slim tube and field-scale displacements. Two applicable MMP correlations were used for comparison and validation purposes.
基金financial supports from the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2023YFB3712400)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52371040)Joint Fund for Regional Innovation of Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China (No.2023JJ50333)。
文摘Ti alloys,as leading lightweight and high-strength metallic materials,exhibit significant application potential in aerospace,marine engineering,biomedical,and other industries.However,the lack of fundamental understanding of the microstructure−property relationship results in prolonged research and development(R&D)cycles,hindering the optimization of the performance of Ti alloys.Recently,the advent of high-throughput experimental(HTE)technology has shown promise in facilitating the efficient and demand-driven development of next-generation Ti alloys.This work reviews the latest advancements in HTE technology for Ti alloys.The high-throughput preparation(HTP)techniques commonly used in the fabrication of Ti alloys are addressed,including diffusion multiple,additive manufacturing(AM),vapor deposition and others.The current applications of high-throughput characterization(HTC)techniques in Ti alloys are shown.Finally,the research achievements in HTE technology for Ti alloys are summarized and the challenges faced in their industrial application are discussed.
基金The authors are grateful for financial support from the National Key Projects for Fundamental Research and Development of China(2021YFA1500803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51825205,52120105002,22102202,22088102,U22A20391)+1 种基金the DNL Cooperation Fund,CAS(DNL202016)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-004).
文摘Photocatalysis,a critical strategy for harvesting sunlight to address energy demand and environmental concerns,is underpinned by the discovery of high-performance photocatalysts,thereby how to design photocatalysts is now generating widespread interest in boosting the conversion effi-ciency of solar energy.In the past decade,computational technologies and theoretical simulations have led to a major leap in the development of high-throughput computational screening strategies for novel high-efficiency photocatalysts.In this viewpoint,we started with introducing the challenges of photocatalysis from the view of experimental practice,especially the inefficiency of the traditional“trial and error”method.Sub-sequently,a cross-sectional comparison between experimental and high-throughput computational screening for photocatalysis is presented and discussed in detail.On the basis of the current experimental progress in photocatalysis,we also exemplified the various challenges associated with high-throughput computational screening strategies.Finally,we offered a preferred high-throughput computational screening procedure for pho-tocatalysts from an experimental practice perspective(model construction and screening,standardized experiments,assessment and revision),with the aim of a better correlation of high-throughput simulations and experimental practices,motivating to search for better descriptors.
基金Project(2006AA03Z567) supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(33354) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China
文摘Experimental data for the perovskite phase SrZrO3 were subjected to a critical thermodynamic assessment using the CALPHAD approach. Special attention was paid to the structural behavior of SrZrO3 to illustrate, how to select an appropriate thermodynamic model based on crystal structure and chemistry information, how to identify and resolve the inconsistency between various kinds of experimental data, and how to use thermodynamic modeling as a basic tool in the development and optimization of materials and process. Our assessment results in a Gibbs energy function covering the temperature range between 300 K and the melting point, which explains the experimental data within the experimental uncertainty.
文摘This study was carried out at the Mamou Higher Institute of Technology during the period from March 10 to April 15, 2022, with the aim of designing and testing a solar dryer with forced convection by drying potatoes. The dryer was designed using local materials. Its main geometric parameters are: 1) height of the drying chamber (90 cm), 2) length of the drying chamber (50 cm), 3) width of the drying chamber (43 cm), 4) surface of the racks (0.1806 m<sup>2</sup>), 5) surface of the heat accumulator (0.2537 m<sup>2</sup>). The experiment focused on the vacuum test of the dryer for two days and that of the drying of the sweet potato for three days from 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. The average vacuum test temperature values of the three environments are respectively accumulator (43°C), dryer chamber (41°C) and ambient environment (34°C). Four kilograms (4 kg) of boiled sweet potato were dried. The average temperatures in the accumulator and in the drying chamber during the three days of drying are respectively 33°C and 39°C. The final mass of the dried product is 1.2 kg, with a quantity of water extracted of 2 liters or 63% of the initial mass of the product. The average drying rate is 0.074 kg/h. The drying kinetics showed a decreasing rate in the absence of the heating period and the constant rate period.
文摘The clay in the aquatic environment begins to precipitate depending on the saturation level of the solution.The purpose of this work is to monitor this subsidence of the clay and to see its course with photographs.The photos are then analyzed with the Adobe Photoshop program,so that the students of the 3rd grade of the High School are able to follow the evolution of the precipitation phenomenon through the analysis of the photos and the probability density distribution function of the three pigments(RBG(Red-Blue-Green)in the technology course).The rate of clay settling as shown in the photos requires a prerequisite for the use of soil conditioners in specific clay soils.The students who participated in the workshop had the opportunity to get in touch with the phenomenon of subsidence,the processing of the brightness of the images with the program Adobe Photoshop and the study of soil improvement alternatives.
文摘The aim of this study is to report the use of RE （remote experimentation） in an educational press. The authors developed this remote experiment with the objective to study the Hooke＇s law through the analysis of the coil spring. The remote experiment is available in a website, where the students can manipulate and observe the educational press and confirm Hooke＇s statements with the output information. In addition, the students will have the opportunity to read in the website about the educational press, the physical law, and the use of the press in industrial processes. This remote experimentation exerts a force in the mechanical spring creating a deformation. In the defined point, the microcomputer will collect the data from the sensors, and it will save this data in the database. After the process execution, a graph with the data will be plotted in the website. The tests confirm that the educational press has informational potential because it returned values consistent with Hooke＇s law and the experiment presented repetition in all tests realized.
文摘Background: The Tiêu equation has a ground roots approach to the process of Quantum Biology and goes deeper through the incorporation of Quantum Mechanics. The process can be measured in plant, animal, and human usage through a variety of experimental or testing forms. Animal studies were conducted for which, in the first day of the study all the animals consistently gained dramatic weight, even as a toxic substance was introduced as described in the introduction of the paper to harm animal subjects which induced weight loss through toxicity. Tests can be made by incorporating blood report results. Human patients were also observed to show improvement to their health as administration of the substance was introduced to the biological mechanism and plants were initially exposed to the substance to observe results. This is consistent with the Tiêu equation which provides that wave function is created as the introduction of the substance to the biological mechanism which supports Quantum Mechanics. The Tiêu equation demonstrates that Quantum Mechanics moves a particle by temperature producing energy thru the blood-brain barrier for example. Methods: The methods for the Tiêu equation incorporate animal studies to include the substance administered through laboratory standards using Good Laboratory Practices under Title 40 C.F.R. § 158. Human patients were treated with the substance by medical professionals who are experts in their field and have knowledge to the response of patients. Plant applications were acquired for observation and guidance of ongoing experiments of animals’ representative for the biologics mechanism. Results: The animal studies along with patient blood testing results have been an impressive line that has followed the Tiêu equation to consistently show improvement in the introduction of the innovation to biologic mechanisms. The mechanism responds to the substance by producing energy to the mechanism with efficient effect. For plant observations, plant organisms responded, and were seen as showing improvement thru visual observation.
基金financially supported by National Key R&D Program(2021YFF0701905)。
文摘In order to save manpower and time costs,and to achieve simultaneous detection of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products,this study used multiple nucleotide polymorphism(MNP)marker technology based on the principle of high-throughput sequencing,and established a multi-locus 10 animalderived components identification method of cattle,goat,sheep,donkey,horse,chicken,duck,goose,pigeon,quail in meat and meat products.The specific loci of each species could be detected and the species could be accurately identified,including 5 loci for cattle and duck,3 loci for sheep,9 loci for chicken and horse,10 loci for goose and pigeon,6 loci for quail and 1 locus for donkey and goat,and an adulteration model was established to simulate commercially available samples.The results showed that the method established in this study had high throughput,good repeatability and accuracy,and was able to identify 10 animalderived components simultaneously with 100%repeatability accuracy.The detection limit was 0.1%(m/m)in simulated samples of chicken,duck and horse.Using the method established in this study to test commercially available samples,4 samples from 14 commercially available samples were detected to be inconsistent with the labels,of which 2 did not contain the target ingredient and 2 were adulterated with small amounts of other ingredients.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB 3501501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22225803,22038001,22108007 and 22278011)+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.Z230023)Beijing Science and Technology Commission(No.Z211100004321001).
文摘The high porosity and tunable chemical functionality of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)make it a promising catalyst design platform.High-throughput screening of catalytic performance is feasible since the large MOF structure database is available.In this study,we report a machine learning model for high-throughput screening of MOF catalysts for the CO_(2) cycloaddition reaction.The descriptors for model training were judiciously chosen according to the reaction mechanism,which leads to high accuracy up to 97%for the 75%quantile of the training set as the classification criterion.The feature contribution was further evaluated with SHAP and PDP analysis to provide a certain physical understanding.12,415 hypothetical MOF structures and 100 reported MOFs were evaluated under 100℃ and 1 bar within one day using the model,and 239 potentially efficient catalysts were discovered.Among them,MOF-76(Y)achieved the top performance experimentally among reported MOFs,in good agreement with the prediction.
