This study introduced the effects of high-temperature damage on rice and reviewed the damage mechanism, heat damage index and risk assessment, forewarning and monitoring. On the basis of extensive studies, this paper ...This study introduced the effects of high-temperature damage on rice and reviewed the damage mechanism, heat damage index and risk assessment, forewarning and monitoring. On the basis of extensive studies, this paper put forward the viewpoints of ascertaining the fundamental mechanism of high temperature damage to rice at the molecular level, establishing a comprehensive heat damage index taking variety, growth stage and other meteorological factors into consideration, selecting appropriate sowing time, choosing heat-resistant varieties and improving the prevention system. All of these are aimed at providing a solid foundation for coping avoiding the harms from heat damage and improving the coping method.展开更多
Background:Human skin is affected by ultraviolet rays on a daily basis,and excessive ultraviolet radiation(UVR)can lead to sunburn erythema,tanning,photoaging,and skin tumors.The combination of Astragali Radix(AR)and ...Background:Human skin is affected by ultraviolet rays on a daily basis,and excessive ultraviolet radiation(UVR)can lead to sunburn erythema,tanning,photoaging,and skin tumors.The combination of Astragali Radix(AR)and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma(AAR)is a common pairing in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).According to earlier studies,they possess properties capable of alleviating the adverse impacts of UVR on the skin.However,the specific actions and underlying mechanisms require further investigation.The study aims to analyze the efficacy of AR-AAR in preventing UVR-induced skin damage and to clarify the associated molecular mechanisms.Methods:Potential signaling pathways by which AR and AAR may protect against UVR-induced skin damage were identified with network pharmacology,molecular docking techniques and molecular dynamics(MD)simulation.Except the normal group,the back skin of SD rats was exposed to 1.1 mW/cm^(2) UVA combined with 0.1 mW/cm^(2) UVB daily,and the UVR skin damage model was established.Morphological features of skin tissues of different groups were discovered through Hematoxylin and Eosin(HE)staining,Masson staining,Weigert staining.ELISA was utilized to measure the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),Interleukin 6(IL-6),Interleukin 1β(IL-1β)and Tumor necrosis factos-α(TNF-α)in skin tissues.RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to quantify the mRNA and protein contents of PI3K,AKT,and MMP-9.Results:Network pharmacology analysis predicts that AR-AAR may improve skin damage induced by UVR through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Histological staining shows that AR-AAR can significantly reduce inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in damaged skin.Treatment with AR-AAR(2:1)significantly reduced the expression levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αand ROS in UVR-damaged rat skin.After treatment with AR-AAR(2:1),not only did the relative mRNA expression levels of PI3K and AKT and the protein expression levels of PI3K,AKT,P-PI3K,and P-AKT increase,but the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-9 decreased.Conclusion:The study indicate that the AR-AAR combination and its active components may mitigate UVR skin damage by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.展开更多
Retinal ganglion cells are the bridging neurons between the eye and the central nervous system,transmitting visual signals to the brain.The injury and loss of retinal ganglion cells are the primary pathological change...Retinal ganglion cells are the bridging neurons between the eye and the central nervous system,transmitting visual signals to the brain.The injury and loss of retinal ganglion cells are the primary pathological changes in several retinal degenerative diseases,including glaucoma,ischemic optic neuropathy,diabetic neuropathy,and optic neuritis.In mammals,injured retinal ganglion cells lack regenerative capacity and undergo apoptotic cell death within a few days of injury.Additionally,these cells exhibit limited regenerative ability,ultimately contributing to vision impairment and potentially leading to blindness.Currently,the only effective clinical treatment for glaucoma is to prevent vision loss by lowering intraocular pressure through medications or surgery;however,this approach cannot halt the effect of retinal ganglion cell loss on visual function.This review comprehensively investigates the mechanisms underlying retinal ganglion cell degeneration in retinal degenerative diseases and further explores the current status and potential of cell replacement therapy for regenerating retinal ganglion cells.As our understanding of the complex processes involved in retinal ganglion cell degeneration deepens,we can explore new treatment strategies,such as cell transplantation,which may offer more effective ways to mitigate the effect of retinal degenerative diseases on vision.展开更多
The occurrence of rice high-temperature damage (HTD) has increased with global warming. Cultivation of rice is seriously affected by the HTD in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which directly affects...The occurrence of rice high-temperature damage (HTD) has increased with global warming. Cultivation of rice is seriously affected by the HTD in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which directly affects food security in this region and in the whole of China. It is important to monitor and assess crop HTD using satellite remote sensing information. This paper reviews the recent development of monitoring rice HTD using optical remote sensing information. It includes the use of optical remote sensing information to obtain the regional spatial distribution of high temperatures, mixed-surface temperature retrieval for rice fields based on mixed decomposition information, the development of field and thermal infrared testing and modeling, and the satellite/ground-based remote sensing coupled method for monitoring rice HTD. Finally, the prospects for monitoring crop HTD based on remote sensing information are summarized.展开更多
Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the structure.Therefore,it is particularly significant to identify the structural modal parameters accordi...Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the structure.Therefore,it is particularly significant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientific basis for structural damage identification and dynamic model modification.In view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and briefly describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal parameters.The paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),briefly describes damage identification methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artificial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identification is further discussed.Based on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identification methods are given to provide scientific references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.展开更多
This study investigated the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,volatile flavor components,microbial communities,and sensory evaluation of high-temperature Daqu(HTD)during the maturation process,and a standar...This study investigated the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,volatile flavor components,microbial communities,and sensory evaluation of high-temperature Daqu(HTD)during the maturation process,and a standard system was established for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD.There were obvious changes in the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and volatile flavor components at different storage periods,which affected the sensory evaluation of HTD to a certain extent.The results of high-throughput sequencing revealed significant microbial diversity,and showed that the bacterial community changed significantly more than did the fungal community.During the storage process,the dominant bacterial genera were Kroppenstedtia and Thermoascus.The correlation between dominant microorganisms and quality indicators highlighted their role in HTD quality.Lactococcus,Candida,Pichia,Paecilomyces,and protease activity played a crucial role in the formation of isovaleraldehyde.Acidic protease activity had the greatest impact on the microbial community.Moisture promoted isobutyric acid generation.Furthermore,the comprehensive quality evaluation standard system was established by the entropy weight method combined with multi-factor fuzzy mathematics.Consequently,this study provides innovative insights for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD during storage and establishes a groundwork for scientific and rational storage of HTD and quality control of sauce-flavor Baijiu.展开更多
Investigating the combined effects of mining damage and creep damage on slope stability is crucial,as it can comprehensively reveal the non-linear deformation characteristics of rock under their joint influence.This s...Investigating the combined effects of mining damage and creep damage on slope stability is crucial,as it can comprehensively reveal the non-linear deformation characteristics of rock under their joint influence.This study develops a fractional-order nonlinear creep constitutive model that incorporates the double damage effect and implements a non-linear creep subroutine for soft rock using the threedimensional finite difference method on the FLAC3D platform.Comparative analysis of the theoretical,numerical,and experimental results reveals that the fractional-order constitutive model,which incorporates the double damage effect,accurately reflects the distinct deformation stages of green mudstone during creep failure and effectively captures the non-linear deformation in the accelerated creep phase.The numerical results show a fitting accuracy exceeding 97%with the creep test curves,significantly outperforming the 61%accuracy of traditional creep models.展开更多
High-temperature industries,as the primary consumers of energy,are greatly concerned with energy savings.Designing refractory linings with low thermal conductivity to reduce heat dissipation through high-temperature f...High-temperature industries,as the primary consumers of energy,are greatly concerned with energy savings.Designing refractory linings with low thermal conductivity to reduce heat dissipation through high-temperature furnace linings is a critical concern.In this study,a series of novel entropy-stabilized spinel materials are reported,and their potential applications in high-temperature industries are investigated.XRD and TEM results indicate that all materials possess a cubic spinel crystal structure with the■space group.Furthermore,these materials exhibit good phase stability at high temperatures.All entropy-stabilized spinel aggregates demonstrated high refractoriness(>1800℃)and a high load softening temperature(>1700℃).The impact of configurational entropy on the properties of entropy-stabilized spinel materials was also studied.As configurational entropy increased,the thermal conductivity of the entropy-stabilized spinel decreased,while slag corrosion resistance deteriorated.For the entropy-stabilized spinel with a configurational entropy value of 1.126R,it showed good high-temperature stability,reliable resistance to slag attack,and a low thermal conductivity of 2.776 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)at 1000℃.展开更多
The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in Braz...The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in Brazil.Yet,its impact goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities,also affecting the central nervous system(CNS)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.展开更多
The DDR(DNA damage response)is an essential cellular mechanism that detects and repairs DNA lesions to maintain genomic stability.Dysregulation of DDR pathways is frequently observed in human tumors,leading to increas...The DDR(DNA damage response)is an essential cellular mechanism that detects and repairs DNA lesions to maintain genomic stability.Dysregulation of DDR pathways is frequently observed in human tumors,leading to increased genomic instability and promoting tumor progression.Consequently,targeting DDR mechanisms has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in oncology.This review provides an overview of the major DDR pathways,highlighting the roles of key proteins involved in various DDR processes.A detailed understanding of these molecular mechanisms has paved the way for the development of targeted antitumor agents,including inhibitors of PARP1,ATM,ATR,CHK1,CHK2,DNA-PK,and WEE1.Additionally,the significant challenges in the development of DDR inhibitors are examined,including tumor microenvironment heterogeneity,resistance mechanisms,issues with selectivity and toxicity,and the complexities associated with clinical trial design.Finally,future directions and emerging strategies to improve DDR-targeted therapies are discussed.These strategies include biomarker-driven precision medicine,novel combination therapies,advanced drug delivery systems,and the potential application of artificial intelligence to optimize treatment outcomes.展开更多
Burial dissolution is a critical diagenetic process influencing ultra-deep carbonate reservoir development and preservation.Artificial carbonate samples with different internal structures were prepared,and high-temper...Burial dissolution is a critical diagenetic process influencing ultra-deep carbonate reservoir development and preservation.Artificial carbonate samples with different internal structures were prepared,and high-temperature and highpressure dissolution kinetic simulations were conducted.The results demonstrate that the intensity of burial dissolution is controlled by temperature and pressure,while tectonic-fluid activity influences the development pattern of burial dissolution,ultimately determining the direction of its differential modification.Extensive burial dissolution is likely to occur primarily at relatively shallow depths,significantly influencing reservoir formation,preservation,modification,and adjustment.The development of faults facilitates the maintenance of the intensity of burial dissolution.The maximum intensity of burial dissolution occurs at the tips and overlap zones of faults and intersections of multiple faults.The larger the scale of the faults,the more conducive it is to the development of burial dissolution.Burial dissolution fosters the formation of fault networks characterized by enhanced reservoir capacity and permeability.Burial dissolution controlled by episodic tectonic-fluid activity is a plausible explanation for forming the Tarim Basin's ultra-deep fault-controlled“stringbead-like”reservoirs.展开更多
The penetration-deflagration coupling damage performance of rod-like reactive shaped charge pene-trator(RRSCP)impacting thick steel plates is investigated by theoretical analysis and experiments.A penetration-deflagra...The penetration-deflagration coupling damage performance of rod-like reactive shaped charge pene-trator(RRSCP)impacting thick steel plates is investigated by theoretical analysis and experiments.A penetration-deflagration coupling damage model is developed to predict the penetration depth and cratering diameter.Four type of aluminum-polytetrafluoroethylene-copper(Al-PTFE-Cu)reactive liners with densities of 2.3,2.7,3.5,and 4.5 g·cm^(-3) are selected to conduct the penetration experiments.The comparison results show that model predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data.By comparing the penetration depth and cratering diameter in the inert penetration mode and the penetration-deflagration coupling mode,the influence mechanism that the penetration-induced chemical response is unfavorable to penetration but has an enhanced cratering effect is revealed.From the formation characteristics,penetration effect and penetration-induced chemical reaction be-haviors,the influence of reactive liner density on the penetration-deflagration performance is further analyzed.The results show that increasing the density of reactive liner significantly increases both the kinetic energy and length of the reactive penetrator,meanwhile effectively reduces the weakened effect of penetration-induced chemical response,resulting in an enhanced penetration capability.However,due to the decreased diameter and potential energy content of reactive penetrator,the cratering capa-bility is weakened significantly.展开更多
This study examines the slug-induced vibration(SIV)response and fatigue behavior of offshore risers subjected to internal slug flow.A structural model incorporating internal slug flow dynamics is developed using the A...This study examines the slug-induced vibration(SIV)response and fatigue behavior of offshore risers subjected to internal slug flow.A structural model incorporating internal slug flow dynamics is developed using the Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation(ANCF)and a spatial-temporal density variation equation to analyze how slug flow parameters affect the SIV response of risers.Structural displacement,stress,and fatigue responses are systematically evaluated to characterize the structural behavior under SIV conditions.Longer slugs induce more pronounced traveling wave characteristics,while shorter slugs facilitate a mixed traveling-standing wave mode.Moreover,higher slug frequencies lead to increased fatigue accumulation,especially over an extended touchdown zone,thereby compromising the structural integrity of the riser.The findings yield valuable insights into the dynamic interactions between slug flow and riser response.This research advances the understanding of SIV mechanisms and provides a theoretical foundation for fatigue assessment and structural optimization,contributing to the safe and efficient design of offshore risers in deepwater environments.展开更多
High-nickel ternary cathodes hold a great application prospect in solid-state lithium metal batteries to achieve high-energy density,but they still suffer from structural instability and detrimental side reactions wit...High-nickel ternary cathodes hold a great application prospect in solid-state lithium metal batteries to achieve high-energy density,but they still suffer from structural instability and detrimental side reactions with the solid-state electrolytes.To circumvent these issues,a continuous uniform layer polyacrylonitrile(PAN)was introduced on the surface of LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2) via in situ polymerization of acrylonitrile(AN).Furthermore,the partial-cyclized treatment of PAN(cPAN)coating layer presents high ionic and electron conductivity,which can accelerate interfacial Li+and electron diffusion simultaneously.And the thermodynamically stabilized cPAN coating layer cannot only effectively inhibit detrimental side reactions between cathode and solid-state electrolytes but also provide a homogeneous stress to simultaneously address the problems of bulk structural degradation,which contributes to the exceptional mechanical and electrochemical stabilities of the modified electrode.Besides,the coordination bond interaction between the cPAN and NCM811 can suppress the migration of Ni to elevate the stability of the crystal structure.Benefited from these,the In-cPAN-260@NCM811 shows excellent cycling performance with a retention of 86.8%after 300 cycles and superior rate capability.And endow the solid-state battery with thermal safety stability even at hightemperature extreme environment.This facile and scalable surface engineering represents significant progress in developing high-performance solid-state lithium metal batteries.展开更多
Low-to medium-maturity oil shale resources display substantial reserves, offering promising prospects for in-situ conversion inChina. Investigating the evolution of the mechanical properties of the reservoir and capro...Low-to medium-maturity oil shale resources display substantial reserves, offering promising prospects for in-situ conversion inChina. Investigating the evolution of the mechanical properties of the reservoir and caprock under in-situ high-temperature and confine-ment conditions is of considerable importance. Compared to conventional mechanical experiments on rock samples after high-temperat-ure treatment, in-situ high-temperature experiments can more accurately characterize the behavior of rocks in practical engineering,thereby providing a more realistic reflection of their mechanical properties. In this study, an in-situ high-temperature triaxial compressiontesting machine is developed to conduct in-situ compression tests on sandstone at different temperatures(25, 200, 400, 500, and 650℃)and confining pressures(0, 10, and 20 MPa). Based on the experimental results, the temperature-dependent changes in compressivestrength, peak strain, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion, and internal friction angle are thoroughly analyzed and discussed. Resultsindicate that the mass of sandstone gradually decreases as the temperature increases. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity ofsandstone exhibit a linear relationship with temperature. Peak stress decreases as the temperature rises, while it increases with higher con-fining pressures. Notably, the influence of confining pressure on peak stress diminishes at higher temperatures. Additionally, as the tem-perature rises, the Poisson's ratio of sandstone decreases. The internal friction angle also decreases with increasing temperature, with 400℃ acting as the threshold temperature. Interestingly, under uniaxial conditions, the damage stress of sandstone is less affected by tem-perature. However, when the confining pressure is 10 or 20 MPa, the damage stress decreases as the temperature increases. This study en-hances our understanding of the influence of in-situ high-temperature and confinement conditions on the mechanical properties of sand-stone strata. The study also provides valuable references and experimental data that support the development of low-to medium-maturityoil shale resources.展开更多
The research on high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials with high-temperature and oxidative stability in extreme environments is gaining popularity.Herein,the lightweight silicon carbide nanowires(S...The research on high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials with high-temperature and oxidative stability in extreme environments is gaining popularity.Herein,the lightweight silicon carbide nanowires(SiC_(nws))/SiC composites are fabricated with in-situ SiC interface on one-dimensional oriented SiC_(nws)skeleton,which collaborative configuration by 3D printing and freeze casting assembly.The con-structed porous structure optimizes the impedance matching degree and scattering intensity,the maximum effective absorption bandwidth(EAB_(max))of 5.9 GHz and the minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))of−41.4 dB can be realized.Considering the inherent oxidation resistance of SiC,the composites present well-maintained absorption performance at 600℃.Even at 1100℃,the EAB_(max)of 4.9 GHz and RLmin of−30.4 dB also demonstrate the high-temperature absorption stability of the composites,indicating exceptional wave absorption properties and thermal stability.The slight attenuation can be attributed to the decrease in impedance matching capability accompanying the elevated dielectric constant.This work clarifies the impact of structure and component synergy on wave absorption behavior,and offers a novel approach to producing high-performance and high-temperature resistance ceramic-based electromagnetic wave absorption materials suitable for extreme environments.展开更多
Combined pulsed laser(CPL),introduced in 1975 for target damage,integrates different lasers to achieve high peak power and pulse energy.However,despite decades of research,CPL remains unused for long-range target dama...Combined pulsed laser(CPL),introduced in 1975 for target damage,integrates different lasers to achieve high peak power and pulse energy.However,despite decades of research,CPL remains unused for long-range target damage due to the challenge of maintaining high peak power density over long distances.We note that a potential solution lies in leveraging the air filament generated by femtosecond laser,which can transmit peak power densities higher than 1014 W/cm^(2)under the power clamping effect.To address this,a concept of a femtosecond laser induced air filament-CW CPL for surface damage of ceramics was introduced.We found no surface changes in ceramic targets when irradiated with a CW laser alone.By way of contrast,the target can be penetrated in a very short time(20 ms)with the assistance of the femtosecond laser induced air filament.In this context,we employ high-speed shadow imaging,cross-timescale simulation models and macro-microscopic characterization,to elucidate the CPL damage mechanism.The optimal CPL,combining a 1 mJ femtosecond laser and a 500 W CW laser,yields a damage rate of 1.51×10^(7)μm^(3)/J,representing an improvement of approximately 175%compared to single femtosecond laser ablation and around 59%enhancement compared to coating-assisted CW laser ablation.Furthermore,the efficacy of the proposed femtosecond-CW CPL method is demonstrated in causing penetration damage of ceramic/metal composite material or direct damage of sapphire,showcasing its versatility in damaging applications.Consequently,the femtosecond-CW CPL ablation method presented in this paper holds great promise as a new type of damage method for transparent hard and brittle materials.展开更多
The loaded rock experiences multiple stages of deformation.It starts with the formation of microcracks at low stresses(crack initiation,CI)and then transitions into unstable crack propagation(crack damage,CD)near the ...The loaded rock experiences multiple stages of deformation.It starts with the formation of microcracks at low stresses(crack initiation,CI)and then transitions into unstable crack propagation(crack damage,CD)near the ultimate strength.In this study,both the acoustic emission method(AEM)and the ultrasonic testing method(UTM)were used to examine the characteristics of AE parameters(b-value,peak frequency,frequency-band energy ratio,and fractal dimension)and ultrasonic(ULT)properties(velocity,amplitude,energy attenuation,and scattering attenuation)of bedded shale at CI,CD,and ultimate strength.The comparison involved analyzing the strain-based method(SBM),AEM,and UTM to determine the thresholds for damage stress.A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model(FCEM)was created to describe the damage thresholds and hazard assessment.The results indicate that the optimal AE and ULT parameters for identifying CI and CD stress are ringing count,ultrasonic amplitude,energy attenuation,and scattering attenuation of the S-wave.Besides,damage thresholds were detected earlier by AE monitoring,ranging from 3 MPa to 10 MPa.CI and CD identified by UTM occurred later than SBM and AEM,and were in the range of 12 MPa.The b-value,peak frequency,energy ratio in the low-frequency band(0e62.5 kHz),correlation dimension,and sandbox dimension showed low values at the peak stress,while the energy ratio in a moderate-frequency band(187.5e281.25 kHz)and amplitude showed high values.The successful application of FCEM to laboratory testing of shales has demonstrated its ability to quantitatively identify AE/ULT precursors of seismic hazards associated with rock failure.展开更多
Coating microdefects and localized corrosion in coating/metal system are inevitable,accelerating the degradation of metal infrastructure.Early evaluating coating microdefects and detecting corrosion sites are urgent y...Coating microdefects and localized corrosion in coating/metal system are inevitable,accelerating the degradation of metal infrastructure.Early evaluating coating microdefects and detecting corrosion sites are urgent yet remain challenge to achieve.Herein,we propose a robust,universal and efficient fluorescence-based strategy for hierarchical warning of coating damage and metal corrosion by introducing the concepts of damage-induced fluorescence enhancement effect(DIE)and ionic-recognition induced quenching effect(RIQ).The coatings with dualresponsiveness for coating defect and steel corrosion are constructed by incorporating synthesized nanoprobes composed of metal organic frameworks(Ni–Zn-MOFs)loaded with Rhodamine B(RhB@MOFs).The initial damage to the coating causes an immediate intensification of fluorescence,while the specific ionic-recognition characteristic of RhB with Fe3t results in an evident fluorescence quenching,enabling the detection of coating damage and corrosion.Importantly,this nanoprobes are insensitive to the coating matrix and exhibit stable corrosion warning capability across various coating systems.Meanwhile,electrochemical investigations indicate that the impedance values of RM/EP maintain above 10^(8)Ωcm^(2)even after 60 days of immersion.Therefore,the incorporation of fluorescent nanoprobes greatly inhibits the intrusion of electrolytes into polymer and improves the corrosion protection performance of the coating.This powerful strategy towards dual-level damage warning provides insights for the development of long-term smart protective materials.展开更多
Powder metallurgy was used to fabricate TiC-NiCr cermets and the oxidation behavior at 900℃ was investigated.Results reveal that TiC-NiCr cermets have uniform structures with excellent mechanical properties,whose har...Powder metallurgy was used to fabricate TiC-NiCr cermets and the oxidation behavior at 900℃ was investigated.Results reveal that TiC-NiCr cermets have uniform structures with excellent mechanical properties,whose hardness is 65 HRC and flexural strength is 1450 MPa.The high-temperature oxidation mechanism of TiC-based cermets was investigated through an X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope.The added elements Ni and Cr along with their solid solutions not only bond with the hard phase TiC to ensure the physical performance of the cermet,but also impede the internal diffusion during oxidation by forming a dense composite oxide layer,thereby enhancing the oxidation resistance.The TiC-NiCr cermet exhibits a dense protective oxide layer at 900℃ and can endure continuous oxidation for approximately 1000 h.A methodology for fabricating TiC-NiCr metal matrix composites is proposed,and their oxidation resistance is evaluated,providing a theoretical and practical basis for simultaneously enhancing the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance and reducing production costs.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Fund of Scientific Research(Meteorology)in Public Interest(GYHY201506018)~~
文摘This study introduced the effects of high-temperature damage on rice and reviewed the damage mechanism, heat damage index and risk assessment, forewarning and monitoring. On the basis of extensive studies, this paper put forward the viewpoints of ascertaining the fundamental mechanism of high temperature damage to rice at the molecular level, establishing a comprehensive heat damage index taking variety, growth stage and other meteorological factors into consideration, selecting appropriate sowing time, choosing heat-resistant varieties and improving the prevention system. All of these are aimed at providing a solid foundation for coping avoiding the harms from heat damage and improving the coping method.
基金supported by the Shaanxi Qinchuang Yuan“scientist+engineer”team construction(No.2023KXJ-080)Shaanxi Chiral Drug Engineering Technology Research Center(Department of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province.No.[2011]-251).
文摘Background:Human skin is affected by ultraviolet rays on a daily basis,and excessive ultraviolet radiation(UVR)can lead to sunburn erythema,tanning,photoaging,and skin tumors.The combination of Astragali Radix(AR)and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma(AAR)is a common pairing in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).According to earlier studies,they possess properties capable of alleviating the adverse impacts of UVR on the skin.However,the specific actions and underlying mechanisms require further investigation.The study aims to analyze the efficacy of AR-AAR in preventing UVR-induced skin damage and to clarify the associated molecular mechanisms.Methods:Potential signaling pathways by which AR and AAR may protect against UVR-induced skin damage were identified with network pharmacology,molecular docking techniques and molecular dynamics(MD)simulation.Except the normal group,the back skin of SD rats was exposed to 1.1 mW/cm^(2) UVA combined with 0.1 mW/cm^(2) UVB daily,and the UVR skin damage model was established.Morphological features of skin tissues of different groups were discovered through Hematoxylin and Eosin(HE)staining,Masson staining,Weigert staining.ELISA was utilized to measure the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),Interleukin 6(IL-6),Interleukin 1β(IL-1β)and Tumor necrosis factos-α(TNF-α)in skin tissues.RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to quantify the mRNA and protein contents of PI3K,AKT,and MMP-9.Results:Network pharmacology analysis predicts that AR-AAR may improve skin damage induced by UVR through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Histological staining shows that AR-AAR can significantly reduce inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in damaged skin.Treatment with AR-AAR(2:1)significantly reduced the expression levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αand ROS in UVR-damaged rat skin.After treatment with AR-AAR(2:1),not only did the relative mRNA expression levels of PI3K and AKT and the protein expression levels of PI3K,AKT,P-PI3K,and P-AKT increase,but the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-9 decreased.Conclusion:The study indicate that the AR-AAR combination and its active components may mitigate UVR skin damage by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2019YFA0111200the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.U23A20436,82371047+3 种基金Key Research Project in Shanxi Province,No.202302130501008Shanxi Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,No.202103021221008Key Research and Development Program in Shanxi Province,No.202204051001023Shanxi Medical University Doctor’s Startup Fund Project,No.SD22028(all to YG)。
文摘Retinal ganglion cells are the bridging neurons between the eye and the central nervous system,transmitting visual signals to the brain.The injury and loss of retinal ganglion cells are the primary pathological changes in several retinal degenerative diseases,including glaucoma,ischemic optic neuropathy,diabetic neuropathy,and optic neuritis.In mammals,injured retinal ganglion cells lack regenerative capacity and undergo apoptotic cell death within a few days of injury.Additionally,these cells exhibit limited regenerative ability,ultimately contributing to vision impairment and potentially leading to blindness.Currently,the only effective clinical treatment for glaucoma is to prevent vision loss by lowering intraocular pressure through medications or surgery;however,this approach cannot halt the effect of retinal ganglion cell loss on visual function.This review comprehensively investigates the mechanisms underlying retinal ganglion cell degeneration in retinal degenerative diseases and further explores the current status and potential of cell replacement therapy for regenerating retinal ganglion cells.As our understanding of the complex processes involved in retinal ganglion cell degeneration deepens,we can explore new treatment strategies,such as cell transplantation,which may offer more effective ways to mitigate the effect of retinal degenerative diseases on vision.
基金supported by the Global Change Key Research Project (Grant No. 2010CB951302)the Social Common Wealth Research Project (Grant No. GYHY201106027)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40771147)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2006BAD04B04)
文摘The occurrence of rice high-temperature damage (HTD) has increased with global warming. Cultivation of rice is seriously affected by the HTD in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which directly affects food security in this region and in the whole of China. It is important to monitor and assess crop HTD using satellite remote sensing information. This paper reviews the recent development of monitoring rice HTD using optical remote sensing information. It includes the use of optical remote sensing information to obtain the regional spatial distribution of high temperatures, mixed-surface temperature retrieval for rice fields based on mixed decomposition information, the development of field and thermal infrared testing and modeling, and the satellite/ground-based remote sensing coupled method for monitoring rice HTD. Finally, the prospects for monitoring crop HTD based on remote sensing information are summarized.
基金supported by the Innovation Foundation of Provincial Education Department of Gansu(2024B-005)the Gansu Province National Science Foundation(22YF7GA182)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.lzujbky2022-kb01)。
文摘Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the structure.Therefore,it is particularly significant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientific basis for structural damage identification and dynamic model modification.In view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and briefly describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal parameters.The paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),briefly describes damage identification methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artificial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identification is further discussed.Based on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identification methods are given to provide scientific references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.
文摘This study investigated the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,volatile flavor components,microbial communities,and sensory evaluation of high-temperature Daqu(HTD)during the maturation process,and a standard system was established for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD.There were obvious changes in the physicochemical properties,enzyme activities,and volatile flavor components at different storage periods,which affected the sensory evaluation of HTD to a certain extent.The results of high-throughput sequencing revealed significant microbial diversity,and showed that the bacterial community changed significantly more than did the fungal community.During the storage process,the dominant bacterial genera were Kroppenstedtia and Thermoascus.The correlation between dominant microorganisms and quality indicators highlighted their role in HTD quality.Lactococcus,Candida,Pichia,Paecilomyces,and protease activity played a crucial role in the formation of isovaleraldehyde.Acidic protease activity had the greatest impact on the microbial community.Moisture promoted isobutyric acid generation.Furthermore,the comprehensive quality evaluation standard system was established by the entropy weight method combined with multi-factor fuzzy mathematics.Consequently,this study provides innovative insights for comprehensive quality evaluation of HTD during storage and establishes a groundwork for scientific and rational storage of HTD and quality control of sauce-flavor Baijiu.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52308316)the Scientific Research Foundation of Weifang University(Grant No.2024BS42)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M721885)the Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics and Geohazards of Zhejiang Province(No.ZJRMG-2022-01)supported by Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(NO.SKLGME023017).
文摘Investigating the combined effects of mining damage and creep damage on slope stability is crucial,as it can comprehensively reveal the non-linear deformation characteristics of rock under their joint influence.This study develops a fractional-order nonlinear creep constitutive model that incorporates the double damage effect and implements a non-linear creep subroutine for soft rock using the threedimensional finite difference method on the FLAC3D platform.Comparative analysis of the theoretical,numerical,and experimental results reveals that the fractional-order constitutive model,which incorporates the double damage effect,accurately reflects the distinct deformation stages of green mudstone during creep failure and effectively captures the non-linear deformation in the accelerated creep phase.The numerical results show a fitting accuracy exceeding 97%with the creep test curves,significantly outperforming the 61%accuracy of traditional creep models.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52472032 and 52172023)the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2024AFA083)
文摘High-temperature industries,as the primary consumers of energy,are greatly concerned with energy savings.Designing refractory linings with low thermal conductivity to reduce heat dissipation through high-temperature furnace linings is a critical concern.In this study,a series of novel entropy-stabilized spinel materials are reported,and their potential applications in high-temperature industries are investigated.XRD and TEM results indicate that all materials possess a cubic spinel crystal structure with the■space group.Furthermore,these materials exhibit good phase stability at high temperatures.All entropy-stabilized spinel aggregates demonstrated high refractoriness(>1800℃)and a high load softening temperature(>1700℃).The impact of configurational entropy on the properties of entropy-stabilized spinel materials was also studied.As configurational entropy increased,the thermal conductivity of the entropy-stabilized spinel decreased,while slag corrosion resistance deteriorated.For the entropy-stabilized spinel with a configurational entropy value of 1.126R,it showed good high-temperature stability,reliable resistance to slag attack,and a low thermal conductivity of 2.776 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)at 1000℃.
文摘The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in Brazil.Yet,its impact goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities,also affecting the central nervous system(CNS)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.
文摘The DDR(DNA damage response)is an essential cellular mechanism that detects and repairs DNA lesions to maintain genomic stability.Dysregulation of DDR pathways is frequently observed in human tumors,leading to increased genomic instability and promoting tumor progression.Consequently,targeting DDR mechanisms has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in oncology.This review provides an overview of the major DDR pathways,highlighting the roles of key proteins involved in various DDR processes.A detailed understanding of these molecular mechanisms has paved the way for the development of targeted antitumor agents,including inhibitors of PARP1,ATM,ATR,CHK1,CHK2,DNA-PK,and WEE1.Additionally,the significant challenges in the development of DDR inhibitors are examined,including tumor microenvironment heterogeneity,resistance mechanisms,issues with selectivity and toxicity,and the complexities associated with clinical trial design.Finally,future directions and emerging strategies to improve DDR-targeted therapies are discussed.These strategies include biomarker-driven precision medicine,novel combination therapies,advanced drug delivery systems,and the potential application of artificial intelligence to optimize treatment outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U21B2062)supported by the Key Laboratory for Carbonate Reservoirs of China National Petroleum Corporation。
文摘Burial dissolution is a critical diagenetic process influencing ultra-deep carbonate reservoir development and preservation.Artificial carbonate samples with different internal structures were prepared,and high-temperature and highpressure dissolution kinetic simulations were conducted.The results demonstrate that the intensity of burial dissolution is controlled by temperature and pressure,while tectonic-fluid activity influences the development pattern of burial dissolution,ultimately determining the direction of its differential modification.Extensive burial dissolution is likely to occur primarily at relatively shallow depths,significantly influencing reservoir formation,preservation,modification,and adjustment.The development of faults facilitates the maintenance of the intensity of burial dissolution.The maximum intensity of burial dissolution occurs at the tips and overlap zones of faults and intersections of multiple faults.The larger the scale of the faults,the more conducive it is to the development of burial dissolution.Burial dissolution fosters the formation of fault networks characterized by enhanced reservoir capacity and permeability.Burial dissolution controlled by episodic tectonic-fluid activity is a plausible explanation for forming the Tarim Basin's ultra-deep fault-controlled“stringbead-like”reservoirs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12172052)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection(Grant No.QKKT24-02).
文摘The penetration-deflagration coupling damage performance of rod-like reactive shaped charge pene-trator(RRSCP)impacting thick steel plates is investigated by theoretical analysis and experiments.A penetration-deflagration coupling damage model is developed to predict the penetration depth and cratering diameter.Four type of aluminum-polytetrafluoroethylene-copper(Al-PTFE-Cu)reactive liners with densities of 2.3,2.7,3.5,and 4.5 g·cm^(-3) are selected to conduct the penetration experiments.The comparison results show that model predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data.By comparing the penetration depth and cratering diameter in the inert penetration mode and the penetration-deflagration coupling mode,the influence mechanism that the penetration-induced chemical response is unfavorable to penetration but has an enhanced cratering effect is revealed.From the formation characteristics,penetration effect and penetration-induced chemical reaction be-haviors,the influence of reactive liner density on the penetration-deflagration performance is further analyzed.The results show that increasing the density of reactive liner significantly increases both the kinetic energy and length of the reactive penetrator,meanwhile effectively reduces the weakened effect of penetration-induced chemical response,resulting in an enhanced penetration capability.However,due to the decreased diameter and potential energy content of reactive penetrator,the cratering capa-bility is weakened significantly.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52222111)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Grant No.2462025SZBH002)。
文摘This study examines the slug-induced vibration(SIV)response and fatigue behavior of offshore risers subjected to internal slug flow.A structural model incorporating internal slug flow dynamics is developed using the Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation(ANCF)and a spatial-temporal density variation equation to analyze how slug flow parameters affect the SIV response of risers.Structural displacement,stress,and fatigue responses are systematically evaluated to characterize the structural behavior under SIV conditions.Longer slugs induce more pronounced traveling wave characteristics,while shorter slugs facilitate a mixed traveling-standing wave mode.Moreover,higher slug frequencies lead to increased fatigue accumulation,especially over an extended touchdown zone,thereby compromising the structural integrity of the riser.The findings yield valuable insights into the dynamic interactions between slug flow and riser response.This research advances the understanding of SIV mechanisms and provides a theoretical foundation for fatigue assessment and structural optimization,contributing to the safe and efficient design of offshore risers in deepwater environments.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22102212 and 22479067).
文摘High-nickel ternary cathodes hold a great application prospect in solid-state lithium metal batteries to achieve high-energy density,but they still suffer from structural instability and detrimental side reactions with the solid-state electrolytes.To circumvent these issues,a continuous uniform layer polyacrylonitrile(PAN)was introduced on the surface of LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2) via in situ polymerization of acrylonitrile(AN).Furthermore,the partial-cyclized treatment of PAN(cPAN)coating layer presents high ionic and electron conductivity,which can accelerate interfacial Li+and electron diffusion simultaneously.And the thermodynamically stabilized cPAN coating layer cannot only effectively inhibit detrimental side reactions between cathode and solid-state electrolytes but also provide a homogeneous stress to simultaneously address the problems of bulk structural degradation,which contributes to the exceptional mechanical and electrochemical stabilities of the modified electrode.Besides,the coordination bond interaction between the cPAN and NCM811 can suppress the migration of Ni to elevate the stability of the crystal structure.Benefited from these,the In-cPAN-260@NCM811 shows excellent cycling performance with a retention of 86.8%after 300 cycles and superior rate capability.And endow the solid-state battery with thermal safety stability even at hightemperature extreme environment.This facile and scalable surface engineering represents significant progress in developing high-performance solid-state lithium metal batteries.
基金financially supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China (No.JQ21028)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52311530070,52278326,and 52004015)+2 种基金the Major National Science and Technology Project for Deep Earth,China (No.2024ZD1003805)the Project from PetroChina RIPED:the Study on the evolution law of Mineral Structure and Rock Mechanical Properties Under Ultra-High Temperature Conditions (No.2022-KFKT-02)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No.FRF-IDRY-20-003,Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB)。
文摘Low-to medium-maturity oil shale resources display substantial reserves, offering promising prospects for in-situ conversion inChina. Investigating the evolution of the mechanical properties of the reservoir and caprock under in-situ high-temperature and confine-ment conditions is of considerable importance. Compared to conventional mechanical experiments on rock samples after high-temperat-ure treatment, in-situ high-temperature experiments can more accurately characterize the behavior of rocks in practical engineering,thereby providing a more realistic reflection of their mechanical properties. In this study, an in-situ high-temperature triaxial compressiontesting machine is developed to conduct in-situ compression tests on sandstone at different temperatures(25, 200, 400, 500, and 650℃)and confining pressures(0, 10, and 20 MPa). Based on the experimental results, the temperature-dependent changes in compressivestrength, peak strain, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion, and internal friction angle are thoroughly analyzed and discussed. Resultsindicate that the mass of sandstone gradually decreases as the temperature increases. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity ofsandstone exhibit a linear relationship with temperature. Peak stress decreases as the temperature rises, while it increases with higher con-fining pressures. Notably, the influence of confining pressure on peak stress diminishes at higher temperatures. Additionally, as the tem-perature rises, the Poisson's ratio of sandstone decreases. The internal friction angle also decreases with increasing temperature, with 400℃ acting as the threshold temperature. Interestingly, under uniaxial conditions, the damage stress of sandstone is less affected by tem-perature. However, when the confining pressure is 10 or 20 MPa, the damage stress decreases as the temperature increases. This study en-hances our understanding of the influence of in-situ high-temperature and confinement conditions on the mechanical properties of sand-stone strata. The study also provides valuable references and experimental data that support the development of low-to medium-maturityoil shale resources.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3707700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52302121)+3 种基金Shanghai Sailing Program(No.23YF1454700)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(No.23ZR1472700)Shanghai Post-doctoral Excellent Program(No.2022664)Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(No.21511104800).
文摘The research on high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials with high-temperature and oxidative stability in extreme environments is gaining popularity.Herein,the lightweight silicon carbide nanowires(SiC_(nws))/SiC composites are fabricated with in-situ SiC interface on one-dimensional oriented SiC_(nws)skeleton,which collaborative configuration by 3D printing and freeze casting assembly.The con-structed porous structure optimizes the impedance matching degree and scattering intensity,the maximum effective absorption bandwidth(EAB_(max))of 5.9 GHz and the minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))of−41.4 dB can be realized.Considering the inherent oxidation resistance of SiC,the composites present well-maintained absorption performance at 600℃.Even at 1100℃,the EAB_(max)of 4.9 GHz and RLmin of−30.4 dB also demonstrate the high-temperature absorption stability of the composites,indicating exceptional wave absorption properties and thermal stability.The slight attenuation can be attributed to the decrease in impedance matching capability accompanying the elevated dielectric constant.This work clarifies the impact of structure and component synergy on wave absorption behavior,and offers a novel approach to producing high-performance and high-temperature resistance ceramic-based electromagnetic wave absorption materials suitable for extreme environments.
基金supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52105498)The science and technology innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2021RC3074)+2 种基金Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province(AHL2022KF04)National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB14605500)Changsha Natural Science Foundation(kq2402089).
文摘Combined pulsed laser(CPL),introduced in 1975 for target damage,integrates different lasers to achieve high peak power and pulse energy.However,despite decades of research,CPL remains unused for long-range target damage due to the challenge of maintaining high peak power density over long distances.We note that a potential solution lies in leveraging the air filament generated by femtosecond laser,which can transmit peak power densities higher than 1014 W/cm^(2)under the power clamping effect.To address this,a concept of a femtosecond laser induced air filament-CW CPL for surface damage of ceramics was introduced.We found no surface changes in ceramic targets when irradiated with a CW laser alone.By way of contrast,the target can be penetrated in a very short time(20 ms)with the assistance of the femtosecond laser induced air filament.In this context,we employ high-speed shadow imaging,cross-timescale simulation models and macro-microscopic characterization,to elucidate the CPL damage mechanism.The optimal CPL,combining a 1 mJ femtosecond laser and a 500 W CW laser,yields a damage rate of 1.51×10^(7)μm^(3)/J,representing an improvement of approximately 175%compared to single femtosecond laser ablation and around 59%enhancement compared to coating-assisted CW laser ablation.Furthermore,the efficacy of the proposed femtosecond-CW CPL method is demonstrated in causing penetration damage of ceramic/metal composite material or direct damage of sapphire,showcasing its versatility in damaging applications.Consequently,the femtosecond-CW CPL ablation method presented in this paper holds great promise as a new type of damage method for transparent hard and brittle materials.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U20A20266 and 12302503)Scientific and technological research projects in Sichuan province(Grant No.2024NSFSC0973).
文摘The loaded rock experiences multiple stages of deformation.It starts with the formation of microcracks at low stresses(crack initiation,CI)and then transitions into unstable crack propagation(crack damage,CD)near the ultimate strength.In this study,both the acoustic emission method(AEM)and the ultrasonic testing method(UTM)were used to examine the characteristics of AE parameters(b-value,peak frequency,frequency-band energy ratio,and fractal dimension)and ultrasonic(ULT)properties(velocity,amplitude,energy attenuation,and scattering attenuation)of bedded shale at CI,CD,and ultimate strength.The comparison involved analyzing the strain-based method(SBM),AEM,and UTM to determine the thresholds for damage stress.A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model(FCEM)was created to describe the damage thresholds and hazard assessment.The results indicate that the optimal AE and ULT parameters for identifying CI and CD stress are ringing count,ultrasonic amplitude,energy attenuation,and scattering attenuation of the S-wave.Besides,damage thresholds were detected earlier by AE monitoring,ranging from 3 MPa to 10 MPa.CI and CD identified by UTM occurred later than SBM and AEM,and were in the range of 12 MPa.The b-value,peak frequency,energy ratio in the low-frequency band(0e62.5 kHz),correlation dimension,and sandbox dimension showed low values at the peak stress,while the energy ratio in a moderate-frequency band(187.5e281.25 kHz)and amplitude showed high values.The successful application of FCEM to laboratory testing of shales has demonstrated its ability to quantitatively identify AE/ULT precursors of seismic hazards associated with rock failure.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52201077)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022QE191)+1 种基金Elite Scheme of Shandong University of Science and Technology(0104060541123)Talent introduction and Research Start-up Fund of Shandong University of Science and Technology(0104060510124).
文摘Coating microdefects and localized corrosion in coating/metal system are inevitable,accelerating the degradation of metal infrastructure.Early evaluating coating microdefects and detecting corrosion sites are urgent yet remain challenge to achieve.Herein,we propose a robust,universal and efficient fluorescence-based strategy for hierarchical warning of coating damage and metal corrosion by introducing the concepts of damage-induced fluorescence enhancement effect(DIE)and ionic-recognition induced quenching effect(RIQ).The coatings with dualresponsiveness for coating defect and steel corrosion are constructed by incorporating synthesized nanoprobes composed of metal organic frameworks(Ni–Zn-MOFs)loaded with Rhodamine B(RhB@MOFs).The initial damage to the coating causes an immediate intensification of fluorescence,while the specific ionic-recognition characteristic of RhB with Fe3t results in an evident fluorescence quenching,enabling the detection of coating damage and corrosion.Importantly,this nanoprobes are insensitive to the coating matrix and exhibit stable corrosion warning capability across various coating systems.Meanwhile,electrochemical investigations indicate that the impedance values of RM/EP maintain above 10^(8)Ωcm^(2)even after 60 days of immersion.Therefore,the incorporation of fluorescent nanoprobes greatly inhibits the intrusion of electrolytes into polymer and improves the corrosion protection performance of the coating.This powerful strategy towards dual-level damage warning provides insights for the development of long-term smart protective materials.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52376076)Open Fund of Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(2023CL13)Laiwu Vocational and Technical College Teachers Research Fund(2023jsky05)。
文摘Powder metallurgy was used to fabricate TiC-NiCr cermets and the oxidation behavior at 900℃ was investigated.Results reveal that TiC-NiCr cermets have uniform structures with excellent mechanical properties,whose hardness is 65 HRC and flexural strength is 1450 MPa.The high-temperature oxidation mechanism of TiC-based cermets was investigated through an X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope.The added elements Ni and Cr along with their solid solutions not only bond with the hard phase TiC to ensure the physical performance of the cermet,but also impede the internal diffusion during oxidation by forming a dense composite oxide layer,thereby enhancing the oxidation resistance.The TiC-NiCr cermet exhibits a dense protective oxide layer at 900℃ and can endure continuous oxidation for approximately 1000 h.A methodology for fabricating TiC-NiCr metal matrix composites is proposed,and their oxidation resistance is evaluated,providing a theoretical and practical basis for simultaneously enhancing the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance and reducing production costs.
