Platoon leaders in the fre services are responsible not only for frefghting and rescue operations but also for a wide range of administrative and managerial duties(for example,personnel supervision).However,existing c...Platoon leaders in the fre services are responsible not only for frefghting and rescue operations but also for a wide range of administrative and managerial duties(for example,personnel supervision).However,existing competency models and guidelines for fre service leaders often fail to account for the dual role these leaders play—balancing frontline operational demands with organizational and personnel-related responsibilities.To identify the necessary knowledge,skills,abilities,and other characteristics(KSAOs)we frst conducted 25 in-depth,semistructured interviews with active platoon leaders applying the critical incident technique.The analysis of behavioral anchors derived from the interviews resulted in 38 highly-specifc competences.We collapsed this initial list of competences into a more streamlined model of 21 competences to increase its applicability for fre services.Survey data from a follow-up study with N=601 frefghter leaders confrmed the importance of the fnal model’s competences.In addition,to account for a continuously changing frefghting environment,we asked participants to rate the future importance of competences in a fve-year scope and identify potential future challenges for platoon leaders within the same time frame.Our research provides valuable insights into the wide-ranging requirements of dual-role leaders in high-reliability contexts by addressing both operational and managerial competences.Implications for fre services,their ofcial guidelines,and the potential benefts of incorporating the competency model into selection and development processes are discussed.展开更多
Wirreless sensor networks are being widely researched and are expected to be used in several scenarios. On the leading edge of treads, on-demand, high-reliability, and low-latency routing protocol is desirable for ind...Wirreless sensor networks are being widely researched and are expected to be used in several scenarios. On the leading edge of treads, on-demand, high-reliability, and low-latency routing protocol is desirable for indoor environment applications. This article proposes a routing scheme called robust multi-path routing that establishes and uses multiple node-disjoint routes. Providing multiple routes helps to reduce the route recovery process and control the message overhead. The performance comparison of this protocol with dynamic source routing （DSR） by OPNET simulations shows that this protocol is able to achieve a remarkable improvement in the packet delivery ratio and average end-to-end delay.展开更多
There seems to be a paucity in extant literature that assesses the relationship between Safety Management Systems (SMS) and High Reliability Theory (HRT) behavior process of mindful organizing (MO) among aerospaceorga...There seems to be a paucity in extant literature that assesses the relationship between Safety Management Systems (SMS) and High Reliability Theory (HRT) behavior process of mindful organizing (MO) among aerospaceorganizations. There could be benefits for organizational safety by exploring this relationship in high-reliabilityorganizations (HROs) like the aerospace industry. Using a modified Safety Organizing Scale (SOS) by Vogus andSutcliffe (2007) and a validated SMS scale, the relationship between SMS and MO was measured. The perceptionsof a cross-section of respondents from commercial airlines with SMS and commercial space licensees without SMSin the United States (U.S.) was assessed. A four-factor model of MO had acceptable fit. A model showing the relationship between SMS and MO had good fit and showed a high significant strength of relationship (r = 0.82,p = 0.000) with a big effect size. There were also significant differences in mean responses among managementpersonnel and non-management personnel on the MO factor “sensitivity to operations” and the result suggestsmanagers were better at identifying personnel with skills and knowledge to ensure safer task accomplishmentthan non-management personnel. The study results suggest that the SMS requirements for commercial airlines inthe U.S. can enrich the identification and understanding of MO factors and it may be beneficial for the commercial space industry to formally adopt SMS. Future research studies may include direct comparisons in multipleaerospace organizations using a larger sample size to determine the overall understanding of MO factors and howit affects SMS.展开更多
基金supported by the State Fire Service Institute NRW(IdF NRW),Germany.
文摘Platoon leaders in the fre services are responsible not only for frefghting and rescue operations but also for a wide range of administrative and managerial duties(for example,personnel supervision).However,existing competency models and guidelines for fre service leaders often fail to account for the dual role these leaders play—balancing frontline operational demands with organizational and personnel-related responsibilities.To identify the necessary knowledge,skills,abilities,and other characteristics(KSAOs)we frst conducted 25 in-depth,semistructured interviews with active platoon leaders applying the critical incident technique.The analysis of behavioral anchors derived from the interviews resulted in 38 highly-specifc competences.We collapsed this initial list of competences into a more streamlined model of 21 competences to increase its applicability for fre services.Survey data from a follow-up study with N=601 frefghter leaders confrmed the importance of the fnal model’s competences.In addition,to account for a continuously changing frefghting environment,we asked participants to rate the future importance of competences in a fve-year scope and identify potential future challenges for platoon leaders within the same time frame.Our research provides valuable insights into the wide-ranging requirements of dual-role leaders in high-reliability contexts by addressing both operational and managerial competences.Implications for fre services,their ofcial guidelines,and the potential benefts of incorporating the competency model into selection and development processes are discussed.
文摘Wirreless sensor networks are being widely researched and are expected to be used in several scenarios. On the leading edge of treads, on-demand, high-reliability, and low-latency routing protocol is desirable for indoor environment applications. This article proposes a routing scheme called robust multi-path routing that establishes and uses multiple node-disjoint routes. Providing multiple routes helps to reduce the route recovery process and control the message overhead. The performance comparison of this protocol with dynamic source routing （DSR） by OPNET simulations shows that this protocol is able to achieve a remarkable improvement in the packet delivery ratio and average end-to-end delay.
文摘There seems to be a paucity in extant literature that assesses the relationship between Safety Management Systems (SMS) and High Reliability Theory (HRT) behavior process of mindful organizing (MO) among aerospaceorganizations. There could be benefits for organizational safety by exploring this relationship in high-reliabilityorganizations (HROs) like the aerospace industry. Using a modified Safety Organizing Scale (SOS) by Vogus andSutcliffe (2007) and a validated SMS scale, the relationship between SMS and MO was measured. The perceptionsof a cross-section of respondents from commercial airlines with SMS and commercial space licensees without SMSin the United States (U.S.) was assessed. A four-factor model of MO had acceptable fit. A model showing the relationship between SMS and MO had good fit and showed a high significant strength of relationship (r = 0.82,p = 0.000) with a big effect size. There were also significant differences in mean responses among managementpersonnel and non-management personnel on the MO factor “sensitivity to operations” and the result suggestsmanagers were better at identifying personnel with skills and knowledge to ensure safer task accomplishmentthan non-management personnel. The study results suggest that the SMS requirements for commercial airlines inthe U.S. can enrich the identification and understanding of MO factors and it may be beneficial for the commercial space industry to formally adopt SMS. Future research studies may include direct comparisons in multipleaerospace organizations using a larger sample size to determine the overall understanding of MO factors and howit affects SMS.
