Hainan Province in south China is the country’s second-largest island and the largest free trade port by area.It has entered a historic phase in China’s drive to promote high-level institutional opening up.On 18 Dec...Hainan Province in south China is the country’s second-largest island and the largest free trade port by area.It has entered a historic phase in China’s drive to promote high-level institutional opening up.On 18 December 2025,Hainan officially launched island-wide special customs operations,commonly referred to as“customs closure.”From that date,goods entering or leaving the island,except those traded with the Chinese mainland,are subject to simplified customs procedures and potentially reduced or zero tariffs.展开更多
The 7th China International Import Expo(CIIE),scheduled to be held in Shanghai from 5 to 10 November,will play a part in promoting highlevel opening up,said Tang Wenhong,China’s assistant minister of commerce,at a pr...The 7th China International Import Expo(CIIE),scheduled to be held in Shanghai from 5 to 10 November,will play a part in promoting highlevel opening up,said Tang Wenhong,China’s assistant minister of commerce,at a press conference on 23 October.The CIIE serves to showcase China’s major opening-up measures and confidence,to share China’s new development opportunities with other countries.展开更多
The Hainan Free Trade Port (FTP) is a key step for China to advance high-standard opening-up and seize a more active role in economic globalization. After early trials, a policy framework has taken shape, and islandwi...The Hainan Free Trade Port (FTP) is a key step for China to advance high-standard opening-up and seize a more active role in economic globalization. After early trials, a policy framework has taken shape, and islandwide special customs operations mark a shift from design to full implementation.As of January 18, island-wide special customs operations in Hainan FTP had been in place for a month. The first month ran smoothly, with more efficient flow of goods, people, and capital.This reflects China’s institutional opening-up and, amid slowing global growth, has injected fresh vitality into the regional and global economy.展开更多
On December 18,2025, Hainan Free Trade Port (Hainan FTP) officially began islandwide special customs operations.Although only two months have passed since this landmark step, the shift is already visible everywhere—f...On December 18,2025, Hainan Free Trade Port (Hainan FTP) officially began islandwide special customs operations.Although only two months have passed since this landmark step, the shift is already visible everywhere—from the bustling flow of international passengers at Haikou Meilan International Airport to the steady stream of cargo vessels calling at Yangpu Port, and even in the sustained attention investors are paying to “Hainan-related” stocks.Together, these signals point to one clear conclusion:China’s largest special economic zone has entered a new phase of development.展开更多
Hainan FTP will boost alignment with international rules in China’s opening up The Hainan Free Trade Port(FTP)represents a significant step forward in China’s pursuit of high-standard opening up and greater engageme...Hainan FTP will boost alignment with international rules in China’s opening up The Hainan Free Trade Port(FTP)represents a significant step forward in China’s pursuit of high-standard opening up and greater engagement in economic globalisation.Following years of exploration,the policy framework for the Hainan FTP has come into being,and the recent launch of island-wide special customs operations marks an important transition-from institutional design to full implementation.展开更多
The Hainan Free Trade Port’s implementation of special customs operations marks a significant stride in China’s institutional opening-up,spurring global trade and investment flows.THE Hainan Free Trade Port(FTP)repr...The Hainan Free Trade Port’s implementation of special customs operations marks a significant stride in China’s institutional opening-up,spurring global trade and investment flows.THE Hainan Free Trade Port(FTP)represents a significant step forward in China’s pursuit of high-standard opening-up and greater engagement in economic globalization.展开更多
The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is a significant achievement in terms of Asia’s exploration and efforts toward regional economic integration.It integrates regional economic and trade cooperation ...The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is a significant achievement in terms of Asia’s exploration and efforts toward regional economic integration.It integrates regional economic and trade cooperation mechanisms,demonstrates the determination and capabilities of Asian countries to promote open cooperation.展开更多
Over the past decade,the Chinese tax authorities have been actively supporting the development of the Belt and Road Initiative,by creating a unique cross-border tax and fee service model with Chinese characteristics,w...Over the past decade,the Chinese tax authorities have been actively supporting the development of the Belt and Road Initiative,by creating a unique cross-border tax and fee service model with Chinese characteristics,which has laid a solid foundation for the establishment of the"TaxExpress"cross-border service brand.In October 2023,the State Taxation Administration of China(STA)officially launched the"TaxExpress"brand,focusing on one service matrix,two service teams,three service mechanisms,and four knowledge products.The brand aims to enhance cooperation between ministries and commissions,promote international exchanges,and establish a framework for effective cross-border tax and fee services.Moving forward,the STA will continue to leverage existing resources to support high-level opening up,by enhancing brand value,improving measures for international tax and fee services,expanding cross-border tax and fee services,strengthening professional talent teams,so as to develop a cross-border tax and fee service system that combines Chinese characteristics with international best practices.展开更多
With the continuous growth of China's economy,financial opening to the outside world has become one of the important means to promote economic development.However,with the continuous acceleration of capital flow,t...With the continuous growth of China's economy,financial opening to the outside world has become one of the important means to promote economic development.However,with the continuous acceleration of capital flow,the problem of balance in and out is becoming increasingly prominent.Taking China's financial opening to the outside world as the research object,this paper discusses how China strategically achieves the balance of entry and exit in the field of financial opening to the outside world,and the impact of this balance.Through the quantitative analysis of China's financial opening to the outside world and foreign capital flows,it is found that China needs to strengthen the management of capital items and optimize the structure of capital flows in the process of financial opening to the outside world,to achieve the balance of financial flows in and out.As for the impact of the balance of access and access,the analysis of the impact mechanism shows that the financial opening and access and balance can improve the stability of the financial market,provide sufficient liquidity for the healthy development of the financial market,and alleviate financial risks.Such a strategy is of great practical significance for promoting the sustained and healthy development of China's economy.Therefore,based on the actual situation of China,this paper puts forward some relevant strategy suggestions to guide the practical operation of China's financial opening up.展开更多
The commonly used method for estimating crack opening displacement(COD)is based on analytical models derived from strain transferring.However,when large background noise exists in distributed fiber optic sensing(DFOS)...The commonly used method for estimating crack opening displacement(COD)is based on analytical models derived from strain transferring.However,when large background noise exists in distributed fiber optic sensing(DFOS)data,estimating COD through an analytical model is very difficult even if the DFOS data have been denoised.To address this challenge,this study proposes a machine learning(ML)-based methodology to complete rock's COD estimation from establishment of a dataset with one-to-one correspondence between strain sequence and COD to the optimization of ML models.The Bayesian optimization is used via the Hyperopt Python library to determine the appropriate hyper-parameters of four ML models.To ensure that the best hyper-parameters will not be missing,the configuration space in Hyperopt is specified by probability distribution.The four models are trained using DFOS data with minimal noise while being examined on datasets with different noise levels to test their anti-noise robustness.The proposed models are compared each other in terms of goodness of fit and mean squared error.The results show that the Bayesian optimization-based random forest is promising to estimate the COD of rock using noisy DFOS data.展开更多
General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that reform and opening up is a crucial move in determining the destiny of contemporary China and is also crucial for the success of Chinese modernization.General Secretary ...General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that reform and opening up is a crucial move in determining the destiny of contemporary China and is also crucial for the success of Chinese modernization.General Secretary Xi Jinping and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)deeply care about and have high expectations for Jiangsu as a pioneer in reform and opening up.展开更多
Spring returns with every thing growing.As the f irst high-level forum held after the Two Sessions,the China Development Forum(hereinaf ter refer red to as the Forum)brought together Chinese and foreign political and ...Spring returns with every thing growing.As the f irst high-level forum held after the Two Sessions,the China Development Forum(hereinaf ter refer red to as the Forum)brought together Chinese and foreign political and business people and became a weathervane for observing China’s economy.展开更多
In order to explore the opening force variation rules and influencing factors of parafoil opening process,a dynamic model for parafoil opening process is established in this paper.The performance of the parafoil openi...In order to explore the opening force variation rules and influencing factors of parafoil opening process,a dynamic model for parafoil opening process is established in this paper.The performance of the parafoil opening process is calculated using the RungeKutta method.The calculation results are consistent with the patterns of the existing literatures,showing a maximum opening force error of 4.8%.Based on this,simulations are conducted for 20 different operating conditions of the parafoil system,and the rules governing the changes in system motion speed and parafoil opening force are obtained.The influence of the parafoil parameters and opening conditions on the opening force is also investigated.The results indicate that the opening force is positively correlated with the load mass,the opening speed,and trajectory angle,while it is negatively correlated with the opening height.The peak time of the opening force is affected by aerodynamic force and decelerating inertia force.As the weight and the opening height increase,the system deceleration becomes slower,and the peak time of the opening force is delayed.The aerodynamic force increases with the canopy area and the opening speed,leading to an advancement in the peak time of the opening force.Finally,the Sobol global sensitivity analysis method is employed to obtain the firstorder sensitivity and total sensitivity coefficients of the parafoil parameters and opening conditions on parafoil maximum opening force.The results show that the opening speed and the load mass significantly affect the maximum opening force.The firstorder sensitivity coefficients of 0.4107 and 0.3136,respectively;and the total sensitivity coefficients of 0.4775 and 0.3752,respectively.The sensitivity of the canopy area is at a moderate level,with the firstorder and total sensitivity coefficients of 0.0749 and 0.0851,respectively.The sensitivity coefficients for the opening height and the opening angle are close to zero,indicating that fluctuations in their values have little effect on the maximum opening force.展开更多
High catalytic efficiencies in ring opening polymerization(ROP)of a large ring-sized macrolactone,ω-pentadecalactone(PDL),by using transition metal Fe(II)-based catalysts were achieved for the first time in this stud...High catalytic efficiencies in ring opening polymerization(ROP)of a large ring-sized macrolactone,ω-pentadecalactone(PDL),by using transition metal Fe(II)-based catalysts were achieved for the first time in this study.Benefited from the bulky nature of the ligatedα-diimine ligands,as evidenced from single-crystal structures,as well as the weakly oxophilic nature of the metal centers,chain transesterification reactions could be partially suppressed,allowing the polymerization proceed in a living-like and semi-controllable manner,i.e.good linear dependence of propagation rates on catalyst concentration and PDL concentration as observed in the detailed kinetics studies.The whole polymerization proceeds via a“coordination-insertion”mechanism,and with the aid of density functional theory(DFT)calculation studies,a“slow insertion→fast elimination”manner was demonstrated for the monomer propagation step,suggesting the insertion of Fe-OR into the carbonyl group C=O as the rate-determining step.The present catalytic system also showed fast chain transfer reactions to alcohol compounds,affording quasi-immortal characteristics.DFT calculations showed that such a transfer reaction only required an energy barrier of 6.4 kcal/mol,performing a good consistency with the fast chain transfer rates.展开更多
5-Aminolevulinic acid(ALA)is a novel plant growth regulator that has shown outstanding capability to promote stomatal opening.Starch degradation,catalyzed byβ-amylase(EC3.2.1.2,BAM),plays an important role in stomata...5-Aminolevulinic acid(ALA)is a novel plant growth regulator that has shown outstanding capability to promote stomatal opening.Starch degradation,catalyzed byβ-amylase(EC3.2.1.2,BAM),plays an important role in stomatal opening.However,whether the starch breakdown is involved in ALA-regulating stomatal movement is unclear.In the current study,we found that exogenous ALA effectively stimulated the starch breakdown in guard cells,increasedβ-amylase activity and promoted stomatal opening in leaves of apple(Malus×domestica).Based on genome-wide identification,we identified a total of 119 members of BAM gene family in ten commonly Rosaceae crops.Analyses of gene structure,motif identification,and gene pair collinearity revealed relative conservation among members within the same group or subgroup.Among these genes,MdBAM17 and other 12 genes were identified as the orthologous genes of AtBAM1,which is responsible for starch degradation to modulate the stomatal movement in Arabidopsis.qRT-PCR analysis revealed a positive correlation between the expressions of MdBAM17 and stomatal aperture,as well asβ-amylase activity,whereas a negative correlation was observed with the starch content.Subcellular localization analysis confirmed that MdBAM17 is a chloroplast protein,consistent with the AtBAM1.MdBAM17 was mainly expressed in guard cells and responsive to exogenous ALA.Overexpressing MdBAM17 increasedβ-amylase activity and promoted starch breakdown,leading to stomatal opening,which was further strengthened by ALA.RNA-interfering MdBAM17 decreasedβ-amylase activity,resulting in starch accumulation,and impairing the stomatal opening by ALA.However,modulation of MdBAM17 expression did not affect the levels of flavonols and H_(2)O_(2)in guard cells,suggesting that MdBAM17-promoted starch degradation may function at downstream of ROS signaling in the ALAregulated stomatal opening.Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of ALA-regulated stomatal movement.展开更多
Chinese Journal of Integrative Nursing(CJIN)is dedicated to promoting the internationalization of Chinese science and technology journals through innovative practices.Its pioneering technology of Authorship Metadata i...Chinese Journal of Integrative Nursing(CJIN)is dedicated to promoting the internationalization of Chinese science and technology journals through innovative practices.Its pioneering technology of Authorship Metadata in Chinese,preserves authors'names in their native languages within global academic databases,demonstrating cultural confidence and enabling accurate tracking of academic achievements.By constructing an open science system,upgrading its technical platform,and ensuring the sustainable dis⁃semination of resources,CJIN is committed to establishing an international academic hub in the field of integrative nursing.It aims to build bridges for cultural exchange,and transmitting the accumulated wisdom of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing.展开更多
In this study,the hydraulic behavior and sand transport efficiency of the siphon automatic sand discharge device were studied by software simulation tests.By simulating the actual situation,this study analyzed how fac...In this study,the hydraulic behavior and sand transport efficiency of the siphon automatic sand discharge device were studied by software simulation tests.By simulating the actual situation,this study analyzed how factors such as the difference in water level,sediment concentration,and pipeline layout affected the sediment discharge effect.The results show that the sediment discharge device can effectively discharge sediment under diverse operating conditions and show adaptability to different environmental conditions,which indicates that it is suitable for various types of reservoir environments.展开更多
AI continues to reshape industries at a rapid pace,which reminds us of the growing importance of standardization.Standards and conformity assessment are essential to addressing the socio-technical dimensions of AI—en...AI continues to reshape industries at a rapid pace,which reminds us of the growing importance of standardization.Standards and conformity assessment are essential to addressing the socio-technical dimensions of AI—ensuring its safe,ethical,and inclusive adoption across different sectors.展开更多
2The joint opening degree is a critical index for assessing the stability of jointed rock masses,which directly impacts the rock mass quality.It is also a key factor influencing the design of tunnel support structures...2The joint opening degree is a critical index for assessing the stability of jointed rock masses,which directly impacts the rock mass quality.It is also a key factor influencing the design of tunnel support structures.Hammer and rotary drilling rigs,commonly employed as rock-breaking equipment in tunneling,inevitably encounter joints with varying opening degrees during construction.This research aims to enhance the sampling frequency of hammer and rotary drilling rigs and optimize the joint detection algorithm,thereby equipping these rigs with the capability to detect joint opening degrees.This paper develops high-frequency acquisition equipment for drilling parameters to realize millimeter-level data acquisition.Drilling experiments on jointed rock mass are conducted under conditions corresponding to joint opening degrees of 1 mm,3 mm,and 5 mm.The relationships among joint opening degree,drilling parameters,and width of rock failure region are investigated.A joint opening degree detection algorithm is proposed based on the drilling parameters and moving average filter.The results indicate that the curves of penetration velocity and rotary pressure along the drilling direction exhibit a three-segment distribution,i.e."stable segment-adjustment segment-stable segment".The variation curves of drilling parameters display a“velocity mountain”and a“pressure valley”in the failure region.The relative errors in joint opening degree estimation based on penetration velocity and rotary pressure range from 3.4%to 32%and from 6%to 35%,with average relative errors of 12.95%and 16.24%,respectively.展开更多
文摘Hainan Province in south China is the country’s second-largest island and the largest free trade port by area.It has entered a historic phase in China’s drive to promote high-level institutional opening up.On 18 December 2025,Hainan officially launched island-wide special customs operations,commonly referred to as“customs closure.”From that date,goods entering or leaving the island,except those traded with the Chinese mainland,are subject to simplified customs procedures and potentially reduced or zero tariffs.
文摘The 7th China International Import Expo(CIIE),scheduled to be held in Shanghai from 5 to 10 November,will play a part in promoting highlevel opening up,said Tang Wenhong,China’s assistant minister of commerce,at a press conference on 23 October.The CIIE serves to showcase China’s major opening-up measures and confidence,to share China’s new development opportunities with other countries.
文摘The Hainan Free Trade Port (FTP) is a key step for China to advance high-standard opening-up and seize a more active role in economic globalization. After early trials, a policy framework has taken shape, and islandwide special customs operations mark a shift from design to full implementation.As of January 18, island-wide special customs operations in Hainan FTP had been in place for a month. The first month ran smoothly, with more efficient flow of goods, people, and capital.This reflects China’s institutional opening-up and, amid slowing global growth, has injected fresh vitality into the regional and global economy.
文摘On December 18,2025, Hainan Free Trade Port (Hainan FTP) officially began islandwide special customs operations.Although only two months have passed since this landmark step, the shift is already visible everywhere—from the bustling flow of international passengers at Haikou Meilan International Airport to the steady stream of cargo vessels calling at Yangpu Port, and even in the sustained attention investors are paying to “Hainan-related” stocks.Together, these signals point to one clear conclusion:China’s largest special economic zone has entered a new phase of development.
文摘Hainan FTP will boost alignment with international rules in China’s opening up The Hainan Free Trade Port(FTP)represents a significant step forward in China’s pursuit of high-standard opening up and greater engagement in economic globalisation.Following years of exploration,the policy framework for the Hainan FTP has come into being,and the recent launch of island-wide special customs operations marks an important transition-from institutional design to full implementation.
文摘The Hainan Free Trade Port’s implementation of special customs operations marks a significant stride in China’s institutional opening-up,spurring global trade and investment flows.THE Hainan Free Trade Port(FTP)represents a significant step forward in China’s pursuit of high-standard opening-up and greater engagement in economic globalization.
文摘The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP)is a significant achievement in terms of Asia’s exploration and efforts toward regional economic integration.It integrates regional economic and trade cooperation mechanisms,demonstrates the determination and capabilities of Asian countries to promote open cooperation.
文摘Over the past decade,the Chinese tax authorities have been actively supporting the development of the Belt and Road Initiative,by creating a unique cross-border tax and fee service model with Chinese characteristics,which has laid a solid foundation for the establishment of the"TaxExpress"cross-border service brand.In October 2023,the State Taxation Administration of China(STA)officially launched the"TaxExpress"brand,focusing on one service matrix,two service teams,three service mechanisms,and four knowledge products.The brand aims to enhance cooperation between ministries and commissions,promote international exchanges,and establish a framework for effective cross-border tax and fee services.Moving forward,the STA will continue to leverage existing resources to support high-level opening up,by enhancing brand value,improving measures for international tax and fee services,expanding cross-border tax and fee services,strengthening professional talent teams,so as to develop a cross-border tax and fee service system that combines Chinese characteristics with international best practices.
文摘With the continuous growth of China's economy,financial opening to the outside world has become one of the important means to promote economic development.However,with the continuous acceleration of capital flow,the problem of balance in and out is becoming increasingly prominent.Taking China's financial opening to the outside world as the research object,this paper discusses how China strategically achieves the balance of entry and exit in the field of financial opening to the outside world,and the impact of this balance.Through the quantitative analysis of China's financial opening to the outside world and foreign capital flows,it is found that China needs to strengthen the management of capital items and optimize the structure of capital flows in the process of financial opening to the outside world,to achieve the balance of financial flows in and out.As for the impact of the balance of access and access,the analysis of the impact mechanism shows that the financial opening and access and balance can improve the stability of the financial market,provide sufficient liquidity for the healthy development of the financial market,and alleviate financial risks.Such a strategy is of great practical significance for promoting the sustained and healthy development of China's economy.Therefore,based on the actual situation of China,this paper puts forward some relevant strategy suggestions to guide the practical operation of China's financial opening up.
基金The Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42407250)the Fund from Research Centre for Resources Engineering towards Carbon Neutrality(RCRE)of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Grant No.No.1-BBEM)the Fund from Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20241211)。
文摘The commonly used method for estimating crack opening displacement(COD)is based on analytical models derived from strain transferring.However,when large background noise exists in distributed fiber optic sensing(DFOS)data,estimating COD through an analytical model is very difficult even if the DFOS data have been denoised.To address this challenge,this study proposes a machine learning(ML)-based methodology to complete rock's COD estimation from establishment of a dataset with one-to-one correspondence between strain sequence and COD to the optimization of ML models.The Bayesian optimization is used via the Hyperopt Python library to determine the appropriate hyper-parameters of four ML models.To ensure that the best hyper-parameters will not be missing,the configuration space in Hyperopt is specified by probability distribution.The four models are trained using DFOS data with minimal noise while being examined on datasets with different noise levels to test their anti-noise robustness.The proposed models are compared each other in terms of goodness of fit and mean squared error.The results show that the Bayesian optimization-based random forest is promising to estimate the COD of rock using noisy DFOS data.
文摘General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that reform and opening up is a crucial move in determining the destiny of contemporary China and is also crucial for the success of Chinese modernization.General Secretary Xi Jinping and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)deeply care about and have high expectations for Jiangsu as a pioneer in reform and opening up.
文摘Spring returns with every thing growing.As the f irst high-level forum held after the Two Sessions,the China Development Forum(hereinaf ter refer red to as the Forum)brought together Chinese and foreign political and business people and became a weathervane for observing China’s economy.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11972192).
文摘In order to explore the opening force variation rules and influencing factors of parafoil opening process,a dynamic model for parafoil opening process is established in this paper.The performance of the parafoil opening process is calculated using the RungeKutta method.The calculation results are consistent with the patterns of the existing literatures,showing a maximum opening force error of 4.8%.Based on this,simulations are conducted for 20 different operating conditions of the parafoil system,and the rules governing the changes in system motion speed and parafoil opening force are obtained.The influence of the parafoil parameters and opening conditions on the opening force is also investigated.The results indicate that the opening force is positively correlated with the load mass,the opening speed,and trajectory angle,while it is negatively correlated with the opening height.The peak time of the opening force is affected by aerodynamic force and decelerating inertia force.As the weight and the opening height increase,the system deceleration becomes slower,and the peak time of the opening force is delayed.The aerodynamic force increases with the canopy area and the opening speed,leading to an advancement in the peak time of the opening force.Finally,the Sobol global sensitivity analysis method is employed to obtain the firstorder sensitivity and total sensitivity coefficients of the parafoil parameters and opening conditions on parafoil maximum opening force.The results show that the opening speed and the load mass significantly affect the maximum opening force.The firstorder sensitivity coefficients of 0.4107 and 0.3136,respectively;and the total sensitivity coefficients of 0.4775 and 0.3752,respectively.The sensitivity of the canopy area is at a moderate level,with the firstorder and total sensitivity coefficients of 0.0749 and 0.0851,respectively.The sensitivity coefficients for the opening height and the opening angle are close to zero,indicating that fluctuations in their values have little effect on the maximum opening force.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21901020 and 22003076)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M701818)+1 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2022QE237)the Qingdao Postdoctoral Applied Research Project.H.Liu sincerely acknowledges financial support from the Taishan Scholars Program(No.tsqn202211165)。
文摘High catalytic efficiencies in ring opening polymerization(ROP)of a large ring-sized macrolactone,ω-pentadecalactone(PDL),by using transition metal Fe(II)-based catalysts were achieved for the first time in this study.Benefited from the bulky nature of the ligatedα-diimine ligands,as evidenced from single-crystal structures,as well as the weakly oxophilic nature of the metal centers,chain transesterification reactions could be partially suppressed,allowing the polymerization proceed in a living-like and semi-controllable manner,i.e.good linear dependence of propagation rates on catalyst concentration and PDL concentration as observed in the detailed kinetics studies.The whole polymerization proceeds via a“coordination-insertion”mechanism,and with the aid of density functional theory(DFT)calculation studies,a“slow insertion→fast elimination”manner was demonstrated for the monomer propagation step,suggesting the insertion of Fe-OR into the carbonyl group C=O as the rate-determining step.The present catalytic system also showed fast chain transfer reactions to alcohol compounds,affording quasi-immortal characteristics.DFT calculations showed that such a transfer reaction only required an energy barrier of 6.4 kcal/mol,performing a good consistency with the fast chain transfer rates.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32172512)the Jiangsu Special Fund for Frontier Foundation Research of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutralization(Grant No.BK20220005)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘5-Aminolevulinic acid(ALA)is a novel plant growth regulator that has shown outstanding capability to promote stomatal opening.Starch degradation,catalyzed byβ-amylase(EC3.2.1.2,BAM),plays an important role in stomatal opening.However,whether the starch breakdown is involved in ALA-regulating stomatal movement is unclear.In the current study,we found that exogenous ALA effectively stimulated the starch breakdown in guard cells,increasedβ-amylase activity and promoted stomatal opening in leaves of apple(Malus×domestica).Based on genome-wide identification,we identified a total of 119 members of BAM gene family in ten commonly Rosaceae crops.Analyses of gene structure,motif identification,and gene pair collinearity revealed relative conservation among members within the same group or subgroup.Among these genes,MdBAM17 and other 12 genes were identified as the orthologous genes of AtBAM1,which is responsible for starch degradation to modulate the stomatal movement in Arabidopsis.qRT-PCR analysis revealed a positive correlation between the expressions of MdBAM17 and stomatal aperture,as well asβ-amylase activity,whereas a negative correlation was observed with the starch content.Subcellular localization analysis confirmed that MdBAM17 is a chloroplast protein,consistent with the AtBAM1.MdBAM17 was mainly expressed in guard cells and responsive to exogenous ALA.Overexpressing MdBAM17 increasedβ-amylase activity and promoted starch breakdown,leading to stomatal opening,which was further strengthened by ALA.RNA-interfering MdBAM17 decreasedβ-amylase activity,resulting in starch accumulation,and impairing the stomatal opening by ALA.However,modulation of MdBAM17 expression did not affect the levels of flavonols and H_(2)O_(2)in guard cells,suggesting that MdBAM17-promoted starch degradation may function at downstream of ROS signaling in the ALAregulated stomatal opening.Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of ALA-regulated stomatal movement.
文摘Chinese Journal of Integrative Nursing(CJIN)is dedicated to promoting the internationalization of Chinese science and technology journals through innovative practices.Its pioneering technology of Authorship Metadata in Chinese,preserves authors'names in their native languages within global academic databases,demonstrating cultural confidence and enabling accurate tracking of academic achievements.By constructing an open science system,upgrading its technical platform,and ensuring the sustainable dis⁃semination of resources,CJIN is committed to establishing an international academic hub in the field of integrative nursing.It aims to build bridges for cultural exchange,and transmitting the accumulated wisdom of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing.
基金Supported by the National Undergraduate Innovation Training Program(Project No.202211437036).
文摘In this study,the hydraulic behavior and sand transport efficiency of the siphon automatic sand discharge device were studied by software simulation tests.By simulating the actual situation,this study analyzed how factors such as the difference in water level,sediment concentration,and pipeline layout affected the sediment discharge effect.The results show that the sediment discharge device can effectively discharge sediment under diverse operating conditions and show adaptability to different environmental conditions,which indicates that it is suitable for various types of reservoir environments.
文摘AI continues to reshape industries at a rapid pace,which reminds us of the growing importance of standardization.Standards and conformity assessment are essential to addressing the socio-technical dimensions of AI—ensuring its safe,ethical,and inclusive adoption across different sectors.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52378411)for the support in this research.
文摘2The joint opening degree is a critical index for assessing the stability of jointed rock masses,which directly impacts the rock mass quality.It is also a key factor influencing the design of tunnel support structures.Hammer and rotary drilling rigs,commonly employed as rock-breaking equipment in tunneling,inevitably encounter joints with varying opening degrees during construction.This research aims to enhance the sampling frequency of hammer and rotary drilling rigs and optimize the joint detection algorithm,thereby equipping these rigs with the capability to detect joint opening degrees.This paper develops high-frequency acquisition equipment for drilling parameters to realize millimeter-level data acquisition.Drilling experiments on jointed rock mass are conducted under conditions corresponding to joint opening degrees of 1 mm,3 mm,and 5 mm.The relationships among joint opening degree,drilling parameters,and width of rock failure region are investigated.A joint opening degree detection algorithm is proposed based on the drilling parameters and moving average filter.The results indicate that the curves of penetration velocity and rotary pressure along the drilling direction exhibit a three-segment distribution,i.e."stable segment-adjustment segment-stable segment".The variation curves of drilling parameters display a“velocity mountain”and a“pressure valley”in the failure region.The relative errors in joint opening degree estimation based on penetration velocity and rotary pressure range from 3.4%to 32%and from 6%to 35%,with average relative errors of 12.95%and 16.24%,respectively.
