High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia is a challenging diagnosis and itdoes not exhibit mass lesions. It is suspected based on changes in the mainpancreatic duct in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatograph...High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia is a challenging diagnosis and itdoes not exhibit mass lesions. It is suspected based on changes in the mainpancreatic duct in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Sometimesonly an unclear duct shows in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatographywith no focal strictures and upstream dilatation of the main pancreatic duct. Serialpancreatic juice cytology is valuable in diagnosis of those patients.展开更多
Myofibroblastic sarcoma(MS)is a rare malignant soft tissue tumor characterized by myofibroblasts.It most commonly arises in the head and neck region,especially the tongue,with rare occurrences in the limbs.MS exhibits...Myofibroblastic sarcoma(MS)is a rare malignant soft tissue tumor characterized by myofibroblasts.It most commonly arises in the head and neck region,especially the tongue,with rare occurrences in the limbs.MS exhibits varying histopathology,ranging from low-to high-grade,with diverse subtypes showing different clinical behaviors and prognoses.This article reports the first case of high-grade MS in the hand,adding to the limited documentation of this rare condition.Here,we present the case of a 30-year-old healthy female with a year-long history of progressive shortening,mobility loss,and weakness in the first finger of the left hand.Left-hand imaging revealed a lytic,cottony tumor involving the entire first metacarpal.Following surgical resection,which included metatarsal grafting and joint reconstruction,a diagnosis of high-grade MS was confirmed based on histological manifestations and immunohistochemical staining,which was further classified as grade 2 according to the French Federation of Cancer Centers Sarcoma Group system.Postoperative radiotherapy was administered and the patient experienced a successful recovery without graft osteonecrosis.The patient regained 90%mobility and strength,without shortening,after surgical resection and radiotherapy.Six months post-surgery,the patient reported full hand functionality.MS is a rare tumor that infrequently affects bones and is often misdiagnosed owing to its controversial characteristics.The initial treatment should focus on complete resection with negative margins,followed by reconstructive surgery to preserve function.Further case studies are needed to establish standardized surgical treatment protocols.展开更多
Although with aggressive standards of care like surgical resection,chemotherapy,and radiation,high-grade gliomas(HGGs)and brain metastases(BM)treatment has remained challenging for more than two decades.However,techno...Although with aggressive standards of care like surgical resection,chemotherapy,and radiation,high-grade gliomas(HGGs)and brain metastases(BM)treatment has remained challenging for more than two decades.However,technological advances in this field and immunotherapeutic strategies have revolutionized the treatment of HGGs and BM.Immunotherapies like immune checkpoint inhibitors,CAR-T targeting,oncolytic virus-based therapy,bispecific antibody treatment,and vaccination approaches,etc.,are emerging as promising avenues offering new hope in refining patient’s survival benefits.However,selective trafficking across the blood-brain barrier(BBB),immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME),metabolic alteration,and tumor heterogeneity limit the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy for HGGs and BM.Furthermore,to address this concern,the NanoBioTechnology-based bioinspired delivery system has been gaining tremendous attention in recent years.With technological advances such as Trojan horse targeting and infusing/camouflaging nanoparticles surface with biological molecules/cells like immunocytes,erythrocytes,platelets,glioma cell lysate and/or integrating these strategies to get hybrid membrane for homotypic recognition.These biomimetic nanotherapy offers advantages over conventional nanoparticles,focusing on greater target specificity,increased circulation stability,higher active loading capacity,BBB permeability(inherent inflammatory chemotaxis of neutrophils),decreased immunogenicity,efficient metabolism-based combinatorial effects,and prevention of tumor recurrence by induction of immunological memory,etc.provide new age of improved immunotherapies outcomes against HGGs and BM.In this review,we emphasize on neuro-immunotherapy and the versatility of these biomimetic nano-delivery strategies for precise targeting of hard-to-treat andmost lethal HGGs and BM.Moreover,the challenges impeding the clinical translatability of these approaches were addressed to unmet medical needs of brain cancers.展开更多
BACKGROUND Claudin-6(CLDN6),a tight junction protein typically restricted to embryonic tissues,is re-expressed in various cancers.However,its prognostic significance in high-grade endometrial carcinoma(HGEC)remains un...BACKGROUND Claudin-6(CLDN6),a tight junction protein typically restricted to embryonic tissues,is re-expressed in various cancers.However,its prognostic significance in high-grade endometrial carcinoma(HGEC)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the expression pattern of CLDN6 in HGEC and assess its correlation with clinicopathological parameters and patient survival.METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis of CLDN6 expression was performed on formalinfixed,paraffin-embedded tissues from 80 patients diagnosed with HGEC.Associations between CLDN6 expression and histological subtype,the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO)stage,depth of myometrial invasion,lymphovascular space invasion,recurrence,and survival outcomes were statistically analysed.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify independent prognostic factors.RESULTS High CLDN6 expression was detected in a subset of HGEC patients and was significantly associated with nonendometrioid histology(P=0.026),advanced FIGO stage(P=0.015),deep myometrial invasion(P=0.038),and recurrence(P=0.002).While Kaplan-Meier analysis did not reveal a statistically significant difference in disease-free survival or overall survival between the high CLDN6 expression group and the low CLDN6 expression group,multivariate Cox regression revealed that CLDN6 overexpression was an independent predictor of shorter disease-free survival[hazard ratio(HR)=68.98,P=0.022]and overall survival(HR=24.023,P=0.038).CONCLUSION CLDN6 overexpression is associated with aggressive tumor features and poor clinical outcomes in HGEC,suggesting its utility as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target.展开更多
The superconducting high gradient magnetic separation(S-HGMS)technology can be used to effectively extract silica from iron ore tailings(IOTs).However,particle agglomeration in strong magnetic fields poses a challenge...The superconducting high gradient magnetic separation(S-HGMS)technology can be used to effectively extract silica from iron ore tailings(IOTs).However,particle agglomeration in strong magnetic fields poses a challenge in achieving optimal performance.In this study,we investigated the agglomeration of IOT particles and the mechanisms for its inhibition through surface analysis,density functional theory(DFT),and extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(EDLVO)theory.Hematite was found to exhibit the highest magnetic moment among the minerals present in IOTs,making it particularly prone to magnetic agglomeration.The addition of the dispersant SDSH into the slurry was essential in promoting the dispersion of IOT particles during the S-HGMS process.This dispersant hydrolyzed to form HPO_(4)^(2-)and RSO_(3)^(-)groups in the solution,which then chemically adsorbed onto the metal ions exposed on the surfaces of non-quartz particles,increasing interparticle electrostatic repulsion.Furthermore,the RSO_(3)^(-)groups physically adsorbed onto the surface of quartz particles,resulting in strong steric repulsion and enhancing the hydrophilicity of the particle surfaces,thereby inhibiting magnetic agglomeration between the particles.Under optimal conditions,the SiO_(2)grade of the obtained high-grade silica powder increased from an initial value of 76.32%in IOTs to 97.42%,achieving a SiO_(2)recovery rate of 54.81%,which meets the requirements for quartz sand used in glass preparation.This study provides valuable insights into the magnetic agglomeration of IOT particles and its inhibition while providing a foundation for regulating S-HGMS processes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Recent advancements in artificial intelligence(AI)have significantly enhanced the capabilities of endoscopic-assisted diagnosis for gastrointestinal diseases.AI has shown great promise in clinical practice,...BACKGROUND Recent advancements in artificial intelligence(AI)have significantly enhanced the capabilities of endoscopic-assisted diagnosis for gastrointestinal diseases.AI has shown great promise in clinical practice,particularly for diagnostic support,offering real-time insights into complex conditions such as esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.CASE SUMMARY In this study,we introduce a multimodal AI system that successfully identified and delineated a small and flat carcinoma during esophagogastroduodenoscopy,highlighting its potential for early detection of malignancies.The lesion was confirmed as high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia,with pathology results supporting the AI system’s accuracy.The multimodal AI system offers an integrated solution that provides real-time,accurate diagnostic information directly within the endoscopic device interface,allowing for single-monitor use without disrupting endoscopist’s workflow.CONCLUSION This work underscores the transformative potential of AI to enhance endoscopic diagnosis by enabling earlier,more accurate interventions.展开更多
BACKGROUND High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma(HGSOC)is among the most lethal gynecological malignancies,characterized by late-stage diagnosis,extensive peritoneal dissemination,and limited treatment options,resulting...BACKGROUND High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma(HGSOC)is among the most lethal gynecological malignancies,characterized by late-stage diagnosis,extensive peritoneal dissemination,and limited treatment options,resulting in poor survival outcomes.The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in disease progression and therapy resistance,with CD4+T cells exhibiting significant plasticity and functional heterogeneity.Regulatory T cells(Tregs)are particularly implicated in immune suppression and tumor evasion.However,the spatial distribution,functional states,and prognostic significance of CD4+T cell subtypes in HGSOC remain poorly understood.AIM To characterize the functional heterogeneity and tissue-specific distributions of CD4+T cell subtypes in HGSOC and identify biomarkers for therapy.METHODS We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data from 42 HGSOC patients,examining samples collected from adnexal tissues and ascites.CD4+T cells were identified and classified into subtypes using unsupervised clustering and marker gene analysis.Functional profiling was performed using pathway enrichment,differential expression analysis,and functional signature scoring.Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional hazards modeling were conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of CD4+T cell subtypes.RESULTS Distinct distributions of CD4+T cell subtypes were identified between adnexal tissues and ascites.Naive CD4+T cells were predominant in ascites,while Tregs and CXCL13-expressing CD4+T cells were enriched in adnexal tissues.Tregs were further categorized into four subtypes(Treg1,Treg2,Treg3,and TISG),each exhibiting unique molecular signatures and tissue-specific adaptations.Treg3 cells,enriched in adnexal tissues,were characterized by high levels of activation and exhaustion markers,correlating with poor clinical outcomes in HGSOC patients.CONCLUSION Treg3 cells drive immune suppression and tumor progression in HGSOC,making them a key immunotherapy target.Their adnexal enrichment highlights the need for tissue-specific immune profiling in precision treatment.展开更多
The Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the slope zone of the Sichuan foreland basin is a new field of continental tight gas exploration in recent years.The fourth member of the Xujiahe Formation(Xu4 Member),the major inter...The Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the slope zone of the Sichuan foreland basin is a new field of continental tight gas exploration in recent years.The fourth member of the Xujiahe Formation(Xu4 Member),the major interval in the Jianyang Block of the Tianfu gas field in the basin,is characterized by considerable buried depth,tight reservoirs,and strong heterogeneity.By using cast thin section,X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),fluid inclusion thermometry,and core analysis,the reservoir rock types,dominant diageneses,diagenetic history,and controls on high-graded reservoirs were investigated.It is found that the Xu4 Member in Jianyang mainly consists of lithic feldspar sandstones and feldspar lithic sandstones,followed by lithic quartz sandstones.High-energy hydrodynamic conditions in the microfacies of underwater distributary channels and mouth bars are beneficial to the preservation of primary pores and the occurrence of secondary pores,and there are no significant differences in petrophysical properties between these two microfacies.Compaction and calcareous cementation are the dominant controls on reservoir porosity decrease in the Xujiahe Formation;corrosion is the major contributor to porosity increase by generating secondary dissolved pores,e.g.intragranular dissolved pores and intergranular dissolved pores,as major reservoir space in the study area.Fracture zones around the faults inside the Xujiahe Formation(fourth‒order faults)are favorable for proximal tight gas accumulation,preservation,and production.The research findings have been successfully applied to explore the Xujiahe Formation in the slope zone of the Sichuan foreland basin.They can be referential for other similar tight sandstone gas accumulations.展开更多
Objective:The expression of programmed death 1(PD-1)on CD8^(+)T cells is associated with their activation and exhaustion,while CD57 serves as a senescence marker.The impact of PD-1^(+)and CD57^(+)CD8^(+)T cells on the...Objective:The expression of programmed death 1(PD-1)on CD8^(+)T cells is associated with their activation and exhaustion,while CD57 serves as a senescence marker.The impact of PD-1^(+)and CD57^(+)CD8^(+)T cells on the prognosis of patients with advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer(HGSOC)remain unclear.Methods:We assessed the percentages of PD-1^(+)and CD57^(+)CD8^(+)T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs,n=85)and tumor ascites lymphocytes(TALs,n=87)using flow cytometry.The optimal cutoffs for these markers in TILs and TALs were determined through the log-rank maximization method.Gene expression analysis elucidated the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME,n=36).Results:Patients with higher PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs(>87.8%)exhibited longer platinum-free interval(PFI)and overall survival(OS).In contrast,those with elevated CD57^(+)CD8^(+)TALs(>28.69%)were more likely to experience chemotherapy and had lower complete remission rates,shorter PFI and OS.PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs are primarily displayed an effector memory state with strong proliferative and secretory capabilities.Approximately 50%of CD57^(+)CD8^(+)TALs were terminally differentiated,exhibiting significantly impaired proliferation.Based on the proportions of PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs and CD57^(+)CD8^(+)TALs,patients were categorized into good,median and poor prognosis groups,with median PFI of 47.78,27.29 and 11.96 months,respectively(P<0.0001).Median OS for these groups was not reach,49.23 and 30.92 months,respectively(P<0.0001).Patients with poor prognosis exhibit significantly reduced CD8^(+)T cell proportion and increased M2 macrophage in the TIME,alongside downregulation of multiple T cell activation-related pathways.Conclusions:Lower levels of PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs and higher CD57^(+)CD8^(+)TALs,assessed prior to treatment,correlated with poor prognosis and suppressive TIME in advanced HGSOC.展开更多
BACKGROUND High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PanIN)exhibits no mass and is not detected by any examination modalities.However,it can be diagnosed by pancreatic juice cytology from indirect findings.Most ...BACKGROUND High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PanIN)exhibits no mass and is not detected by any examination modalities.However,it can be diagnosed by pancreatic juice cytology from indirect findings.Most previous cases were diagnosed based on findings of a focal stricture of the main pancreatic duct(MPD)and caudal MPD dilatation and subsequent pancreatic juice cytology using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).We experienced a case of high-grade PanIN with an unclear MPD over a 20-mm range,but without caudal MPD dilatation on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP).CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old female patient underwent computed tomography for a follow-up of uterine cancer post-excision,which revealed pancreatic cysts.MRCP revealed an unclear MPD of the pancreatic body at a 20-mm length without caudal MPD dilatation.Thus,course observation was performed.After 24 mo,MRCP revealed an increased caudal MPD caliber and a larger pancreatic cyst.We performed ERCP and detected atypical cells suspected of adenocarcinoma by serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytology examination.We performed a distal pancreatectomy and obtained a histopathological diagnosis of high-grade PanIN.Pancreatic parenchyma invasion was not observed,and curative resection was achieved.CONCLUSION High-grade Pan-IN may cause MPD narrowing in a long range without caudal MPD dilatation.展开更多
BACKGROUND According to the degree of intradermal neoplasia in the colorectal exhalation,it can be divided into two grades:Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(HGIN).Curren...BACKGROUND According to the degree of intradermal neoplasia in the colorectal exhalation,it can be divided into two grades:Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(HGIN).Currently,it is difficult to accurately diagnose LGIN and HGIN through imaging,and clinical diagnosis depends on postoperative histopathological diagnosis.A more accurate method for evaluating HGIN preoperatively is urgently needed in the surgical treatment and nursing intervention of colorectal polyps.AIM To explore the characteristics and risk factors of HGIN in older patients with colorectal polyps.METHODS We selected 84 older patients diagnosed with HGIN as the HGIN group(n=95 colonic polyps)and 112 older patients diagnosed with LGIN as the LGIN group(n=132 colonic polyps)from Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University.The endoscopic features,demographic characteristics,and clinical manifestations of the two patient groups were compared,and a logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for HGIN in these patients.RESULTS The HGIN group was older and had a higher number of sigmoid colon polyps,rectal polyps,pedunculated polyps,polyps≥1.0 cm in size,polyps with surface congestion,polyps with surface depression,and polyps with villous/tubular adenomas,a higher proportion of patients with diabetes and a family history of colorectal cancer,patients who experienced rectal bleeding or occult blood,patients with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and cancer antigen 199(CA199),and lower nutritional levels and higher frailty levels.The polyp location(in the sigmoid colon or rectum),polyp diameter(≥1.0 cm),pathological diagnosis of(villous/tubular adenoma),family history of colorectal cancer,rectal bleeding or occult blood,elevated serum CEA and CA199 levels,lower nutritional levels and higher frailty levels also are independent risk factors for HGIN.CONCLUSION The occurrence of high-grade neoplastic transformation in colorectal polyps is closely associated with their location,size,villous/tubular characteristics,family history,elevated levels of tumor markers,and lower nutritional levels and higher frailty levels.展开更多
Bulk geochemistry,Sr,Nd,and O-H isotope systematics are reported for the first time on banded iron formation(BIF)-hosted high-grade iron ore at the northwestern segment of Congo Craton(CC).Located in Mbalam iron ore d...Bulk geochemistry,Sr,Nd,and O-H isotope systematics are reported for the first time on banded iron formation(BIF)-hosted high-grade iron ore at the northwestern segment of Congo Craton(CC).Located in Mbalam iron ore district,Southern Cameroon,Metzimevin iron ore deposit is a hematite-magnetite BIF system,dominated by SiO_(2)+Fe_(2)O_(3)(97.1 to 99.84 wt%),with low concentrations of clastic elements e.g.,Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and HFSE,depicting a nearly pure chemical precipitate.The REE+Y signature of the iron deposit displays strong positive Eu anomaly,strong negative Ce anomaly,and chondritic to superchondritic Y/Ho ratios,suggestive of formation by mixed seawater-high temperature hydrothermal fluids in oxidising environment.The^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios of the BIF are higher than the maximum^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr evolution curves for all Archean reservoirs(bulk silicate earth,Archean crust and Archean seawater),indicating involvement of continentally-derived components during BIF formation and alteration.TheƐ_(Nd)(t)(+2.26 to+3.77)and Nd model age indicate that chemical constituents for the BIF were derived from undifferentiated crustal source,between 3.002 and 2.88 Ga.The variable and diverse O and H isotope data(−1.9‰to 17.3‰and−57‰to 136‰respectively)indicate that the Metzimevin iron ore formed initially from magmatic plumes and later enriched by magmatic-metamorphic-modified meteoric fluids.Mass balance calculations indicate mineralisation by combined leaching and precipitation,with an average iron enrichment factor of>2.67 and SiO_(2)depletion factor of>0.99.This is associated with an overall volume reduction of 28.27%,reflecting net leaching and volume collapse of the BIF protholith.展开更多
BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal high-grade serous carcinoma(HGSC)of unknown origin is a sporadic tumor that can originate from ovarian cancer.Herein,we report the case of a woman with retroperitoneal HGSC of unknown origin...BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal high-grade serous carcinoma(HGSC)of unknown origin is a sporadic tumor that can originate from ovarian cancer.Herein,we report the case of a woman with retroperitoneal HGSC of unknown origin and describe how she was diagnosed and treated.CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old female presented with the tumor marker CA125 elevated to 1041.9 U/mL upon a regular health examination.Computed tomography revealed retroperitoneal lymph node enlargement.Subsequently,positron emission tomography scanning revealed lesions with increased F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake at the nodes.As a result,she underwent laparoscopic lymph node resection,and pathology revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma with CK7(+),PAX8(+),WT1(+),PR(-),and p53 mutational loss of expression,indicating that the origin may be from the adnexa.The patient was admitted to our ward and underwent laparoscopic staging;however,the pathological results were negative.Under the suspicion of retroperitoneal HGSC of unknown origin,chemotherapy and targeted therapy were initiated.Tumor marker levels decreased after treatment.CONCLUSION We present a case of HGSC of unknown origin managed using retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy,staging surgery,chemotherapy,and targeted therapy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Few studies have reported an association between an increased risk of acquiring cancers and survival in patients with 4q deletion syndrome.This study presents a rare association between chromosome 4q abnorm...BACKGROUND Few studies have reported an association between an increased risk of acquiring cancers and survival in patients with 4q deletion syndrome.This study presents a rare association between chromosome 4q abnormalities and fallopian tube highgrade serous carcinoma(HGSC)in a young woman.CASE SUMMARY A 35-year-old woman presented with acute dull abdominal pain and a known chromosomal abnormality involving 4q13.3 duplication and 4q23q24 deletion.Upon arrival at the emergency room,her abdomen appeared ovoid and distended with palpable shifting dullness.Ascites were identified through abdominal ultrasound,and computed tomography revealed an omentum cake and an enlarged bilateral adnexa.Blood tests showed elevated CA-125 levels.Paracentesis was conducted,and immunohistochemistry indicated that the cancer cells favored an ovarian origin,making us suspect ovarian cancer.The patient underwent debulking surgery,which led to a diagnosis of stage IIIC HGSC of the fallopian tube.Subsequently,the patient received adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel,resulting in stable current condition.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates a rare correlation between a chromosome 4q abnormality and HGSC.UBE2D3 may affect crucial cancer-related pathways,including P53,BRCA,cyclin D,and tyrosine kinase receptors,thereby possibly contributing to cancer development.In addition,ADH1 and DDIT4 may be potential influencers of both carcinogenic and therapeutic responses.展开更多
BACKGROUND High-grade B-cell lymphoma(HGBL)is an unusual malignancy that includes myelocytomatosis viral oncogene(MYC),B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2),and/or BCL-6 rearrangements,termed double-hit or triple-hit lymphomas,and...BACKGROUND High-grade B-cell lymphoma(HGBL)is an unusual malignancy that includes myelocytomatosis viral oncogene(MYC),B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2),and/or BCL-6 rearrangements,termed double-hit or triple-hit lymphomas,and HGBL-not otherwise specific(HGBL-NOS),which are morphologically characteristic of HGBL but lack MYC,BCL-2,or BCL-6 rearrangements.HGBL is partially transformed by follicular lymphoma and other indolent lymphoma,with few cases of marginal zone lymphoma(MZL)transformation.HGBL often has a poor prognosis and intensive therapy is currently mainly advocated,but there is no good treatment for these patients who cannot tolerate chemotherapy.CASE SUMMARY We reported a case of MZL transformed into HGBL-NOS with TP53 mutation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase expression.Gene analysis revealed the gene expression profile was identical in the pre-and post-transformed tissues,suggesting that the two diseases are homologous,not secondary tumors.The chemotherapy was ineffective and the side effect was severe,so we tried combination therapy including venetoclax and obinutuzumab.The patient tolerated treatment well,and reached partial response.The patient had recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and died of multifunctional organ failure.He survived for 12 months after diagnosis.CONCLUSION Venetoclax combined with obinutuzumab might improve the survival in some HGBL patients,who are unsuitable for chemotherapy.展开更多
Objective weather classification methods have been extensively applied to identify dominant ozone-favorable synoptic weather patterns(SWPs),however,the consistency of different classification methods is rarely examine...Objective weather classification methods have been extensively applied to identify dominant ozone-favorable synoptic weather patterns(SWPs),however,the consistency of different classification methods is rarely examined.In this study,we apply two widely-used objective methods,the self-organizing map(SOM)and K-means clustering analysis,to derive ozone-favorable SWPs at four Chinese megacities in 2015-2022.We find that the two algorithms are largely consistent in recognizing dominant ozone-favorable SWPs for four Chinese megacities.In the case of classifying six SWPs,the derived circulation fields are highly similar with a spatial correlation of 0.99 between the two methods,and the difference in themean frequency of each SWP is less than 7%.The six dominant ozone-favorable SWPs in Guangzhou are all characterized by anomaly higher radiation and temperature,lower cloud cover,relative humidity,and wind speed,and stronger subsidence compared to climatology mean.We find that during 2015-2022,the occurrence of ozone-favorable SWPs days increases significantly at a rate of 3.2 days/year,faster than the increases in the ozone exceedance days(3.0 days/year).The interannual variability between the occurrence of ozone-favorable SWPs and ozone exceedance days are generally consistent with a temporal correlation coefficient of 0.6.In particular,the significant increase in ozone-favorable SWPs in 2022,especially the Subtropical High type which typically occurs in September,is consistent with a long-lasting ozone pollution episode in Guangzhou during September 2022.Our results thus reveal that enhanced frequency of ozone-favorable SWPs plays an important role in the observed 2015-2022 ozone increase in Guangzhou.展开更多
In the era of the digital economy,digital trade has demonstrated strong vitality,becoming a crucial driving force for the highquality development of national and regional economies.However,understanding the resilience...In the era of the digital economy,digital trade has demonstrated strong vitality,becoming a crucial driving force for the highquality development of national and regional economies.However,understanding the resilience of digital trade in the face of external crises is an important topic.Taking the backdrop of Sino-US trade friction,this paper constructs a resilience index system for digital trade.It utilizes entropy method,kernel density estimation,and ArcGIS mapping to calculate and visually analyze the resilience of China’s digital trade from 2017 to 2021.Additionally,a Tobit model is constructed to explore the main influencing factors of digital trade resilience patterns.The research findings indicate:1)temporally,during the period of Sino-US trade friction,China’s digital trade resilience shows an overall upward trend,but there are regional differences in resilience levels across the country,with a severe polarization phenomenon.2)Spatially,high resilience is observed in the eastern and central regions of China,while the western and northeastern regions exhibit low resilience.3)From a dimensional perspective,the resistance of digital trade resilience displays a spatial distribution of high values in the east and low values in the west.The recovery force is aggregated along coastal areas,and the renewal force tends to aggregate along the eastern coastline.4)Factors such as economic scale,industrial structure,urbanization rate,government fiscal expenditure,and technological talents significantly promote the enhancement of digital trade resilience.This study reveals the dynamic characteristics and influencing factors of digital trade resilience in responding to external shocks,providing theoretical basis and policy suggestions for enhancing digital trade resilience,and promoting high-quality economic development in China.展开更多
The isolated fracture-vug systems controlled by small-scale strike-slip faults within ultra-deep carbonate rocks of the Tarim Basin exhibit significant exploration potential.The study employs a novel training set inco...The isolated fracture-vug systems controlled by small-scale strike-slip faults within ultra-deep carbonate rocks of the Tarim Basin exhibit significant exploration potential.The study employs a novel training set incorporating innovative fault labels to train a U-Net-structured CNN model,enabling effective identification of small-scale strike-slip faults through seismic data interpretation.Based on the CNN faults,we analyze the distribution patterns of small-scale strike-slip faults.The small-scale strike-slip faults can be categorized into NNW-trending and NE-trending groups with strike lengths ranging 200–5000 m.The development intensity of small-scale strike-slip faults in the Lower Yingshan Member notably exceeds that in the Upper Member.The Lower and Upper Yingshan members are two distinct mechanical layers with contrasting brittleness characteristics,separated by a low-brittleness layer.The superior brittleness of the Lower Yingshan Member enhances the development intensity of small-scale strike-slip faults compared to the upper member,while the low-brittleness layer exerts restrictive effects on vertical fault propagation.Fracture-vug systems formed by interactions of two or more small-scale strike-slip faults demonstrate larger sizes than those controlled by individual faults.All fracture-vug system sizes show positive correlations with the vertical extents of associated small-scale strike-slip faults,particularly intersection and approaching fracture-vug systems exhibit accelerated size increases proportional to the vertical extents.展开更多
Clarifying the mechanisms that control the evolution of territorial space patterns is essential for regulating and optimizing the geographical structure and processes related to sustainable development.Using the Guang...Clarifying the mechanisms that control the evolution of territorial space patterns is essential for regulating and optimizing the geographical structure and processes related to sustainable development.Using the Guangdong and Guangxi sections of the Pearl River Basin as examples,the transfer-matrix method and standard deviation ellipse model were applied to characterize the evolution of territorial space patterns from 1990 to 2020.A trend surface analysis and the Theil index were used to analyze regional differences in the evolution process,and geodetectors were used to identify the underlying mechanisms of the changes.There were three key results.(1)In these critical areas of the Pearl River Basin,agricultural and ecological spaces have rapidly declined due to urban expansion,with transfers between these spaces dominating the evolution of territorial space patterns.Spatial pattern changes in the Guangdong section were more intense than in the Guangxi section.(2)Regional differences in urban space have decreased,whereas differences in agricultural and ecological spaces have intensified.Driven by socio-economic growth,the cross-regional transfers of territorial space have created a“high in the east,while low in the west”inter-regional difference,and a“high in the south,while low in the north”intra-regional difference shaped by natural conditions.The regional differences in space patterns were greater in Guangdong than in Guangxi.(3)The evolution of watershed territorial space patterns resulted from scale changes,locational shifts,structural reorganizations,and directional changes driven by multiple factors.Natural environment,social life,economic development,and policy factors played foundational,leading,key driving,and guiding roles,respectively.Additionally,the regional differences in the evolution of watershed territorial space patterns originated from the differential transmission of the influence of various factors affecting spatial evolution.Enhancing urban space efficiency,restructuring agricultural space,and optimizing ecological space are key strategies for building a complementary and synergistic territorial space pattern in the basin.展开更多
文摘High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia is a challenging diagnosis and itdoes not exhibit mass lesions. It is suspected based on changes in the mainpancreatic duct in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Sometimesonly an unclear duct shows in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatographywith no focal strictures and upstream dilatation of the main pancreatic duct. Serialpancreatic juice cytology is valuable in diagnosis of those patients.
文摘Myofibroblastic sarcoma(MS)is a rare malignant soft tissue tumor characterized by myofibroblasts.It most commonly arises in the head and neck region,especially the tongue,with rare occurrences in the limbs.MS exhibits varying histopathology,ranging from low-to high-grade,with diverse subtypes showing different clinical behaviors and prognoses.This article reports the first case of high-grade MS in the hand,adding to the limited documentation of this rare condition.Here,we present the case of a 30-year-old healthy female with a year-long history of progressive shortening,mobility loss,and weakness in the first finger of the left hand.Left-hand imaging revealed a lytic,cottony tumor involving the entire first metacarpal.Following surgical resection,which included metatarsal grafting and joint reconstruction,a diagnosis of high-grade MS was confirmed based on histological manifestations and immunohistochemical staining,which was further classified as grade 2 according to the French Federation of Cancer Centers Sarcoma Group system.Postoperative radiotherapy was administered and the patient experienced a successful recovery without graft osteonecrosis.The patient regained 90%mobility and strength,without shortening,after surgical resection and radiotherapy.Six months post-surgery,the patient reported full hand functionality.MS is a rare tumor that infrequently affects bones and is often misdiagnosed owing to its controversial characteristics.The initial treatment should focus on complete resection with negative margins,followed by reconstructive surgery to preserve function.Further case studies are needed to establish standardized surgical treatment protocols.
文摘Although with aggressive standards of care like surgical resection,chemotherapy,and radiation,high-grade gliomas(HGGs)and brain metastases(BM)treatment has remained challenging for more than two decades.However,technological advances in this field and immunotherapeutic strategies have revolutionized the treatment of HGGs and BM.Immunotherapies like immune checkpoint inhibitors,CAR-T targeting,oncolytic virus-based therapy,bispecific antibody treatment,and vaccination approaches,etc.,are emerging as promising avenues offering new hope in refining patient’s survival benefits.However,selective trafficking across the blood-brain barrier(BBB),immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME),metabolic alteration,and tumor heterogeneity limit the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy for HGGs and BM.Furthermore,to address this concern,the NanoBioTechnology-based bioinspired delivery system has been gaining tremendous attention in recent years.With technological advances such as Trojan horse targeting and infusing/camouflaging nanoparticles surface with biological molecules/cells like immunocytes,erythrocytes,platelets,glioma cell lysate and/or integrating these strategies to get hybrid membrane for homotypic recognition.These biomimetic nanotherapy offers advantages over conventional nanoparticles,focusing on greater target specificity,increased circulation stability,higher active loading capacity,BBB permeability(inherent inflammatory chemotaxis of neutrophils),decreased immunogenicity,efficient metabolism-based combinatorial effects,and prevention of tumor recurrence by induction of immunological memory,etc.provide new age of improved immunotherapies outcomes against HGGs and BM.In this review,we emphasize on neuro-immunotherapy and the versatility of these biomimetic nano-delivery strategies for precise targeting of hard-to-treat andmost lethal HGGs and BM.Moreover,the challenges impeding the clinical translatability of these approaches were addressed to unmet medical needs of brain cancers.
文摘BACKGROUND Claudin-6(CLDN6),a tight junction protein typically restricted to embryonic tissues,is re-expressed in various cancers.However,its prognostic significance in high-grade endometrial carcinoma(HGEC)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the expression pattern of CLDN6 in HGEC and assess its correlation with clinicopathological parameters and patient survival.METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis of CLDN6 expression was performed on formalinfixed,paraffin-embedded tissues from 80 patients diagnosed with HGEC.Associations between CLDN6 expression and histological subtype,the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO)stage,depth of myometrial invasion,lymphovascular space invasion,recurrence,and survival outcomes were statistically analysed.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify independent prognostic factors.RESULTS High CLDN6 expression was detected in a subset of HGEC patients and was significantly associated with nonendometrioid histology(P=0.026),advanced FIGO stage(P=0.015),deep myometrial invasion(P=0.038),and recurrence(P=0.002).While Kaplan-Meier analysis did not reveal a statistically significant difference in disease-free survival or overall survival between the high CLDN6 expression group and the low CLDN6 expression group,multivariate Cox regression revealed that CLDN6 overexpression was an independent predictor of shorter disease-free survival[hazard ratio(HR)=68.98,P=0.022]and overall survival(HR=24.023,P=0.038).CONCLUSION CLDN6 overexpression is associated with aggressive tumor features and poor clinical outcomes in HGEC,suggesting its utility as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target.
基金supported by USTB Institute for International People-to-People Exchange in Mining,Metallurgy and Metals Industries(No.FRF-IPPE-2404)Scientific Research Platform Construction Fund for the Introduction of High-Level Talents at Kunming University of Science and Technology(No.CA25073M246A).
文摘The superconducting high gradient magnetic separation(S-HGMS)technology can be used to effectively extract silica from iron ore tailings(IOTs).However,particle agglomeration in strong magnetic fields poses a challenge in achieving optimal performance.In this study,we investigated the agglomeration of IOT particles and the mechanisms for its inhibition through surface analysis,density functional theory(DFT),and extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(EDLVO)theory.Hematite was found to exhibit the highest magnetic moment among the minerals present in IOTs,making it particularly prone to magnetic agglomeration.The addition of the dispersant SDSH into the slurry was essential in promoting the dispersion of IOT particles during the S-HGMS process.This dispersant hydrolyzed to form HPO_(4)^(2-)and RSO_(3)^(-)groups in the solution,which then chemically adsorbed onto the metal ions exposed on the surfaces of non-quartz particles,increasing interparticle electrostatic repulsion.Furthermore,the RSO_(3)^(-)groups physically adsorbed onto the surface of quartz particles,resulting in strong steric repulsion and enhancing the hydrophilicity of the particle surfaces,thereby inhibiting magnetic agglomeration between the particles.Under optimal conditions,the SiO_(2)grade of the obtained high-grade silica powder increased from an initial value of 76.32%in IOTs to 97.42%,achieving a SiO_(2)recovery rate of 54.81%,which meets the requirements for quartz sand used in glass preparation.This study provides valuable insights into the magnetic agglomeration of IOT particles and its inhibition while providing a foundation for regulating S-HGMS processes.
基金Supported by the 135 High-end Talent Project of West China Hospital,Sichuan University,No.ZYDG23029.
文摘BACKGROUND Recent advancements in artificial intelligence(AI)have significantly enhanced the capabilities of endoscopic-assisted diagnosis for gastrointestinal diseases.AI has shown great promise in clinical practice,particularly for diagnostic support,offering real-time insights into complex conditions such as esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.CASE SUMMARY In this study,we introduce a multimodal AI system that successfully identified and delineated a small and flat carcinoma during esophagogastroduodenoscopy,highlighting its potential for early detection of malignancies.The lesion was confirmed as high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia,with pathology results supporting the AI system’s accuracy.The multimodal AI system offers an integrated solution that provides real-time,accurate diagnostic information directly within the endoscopic device interface,allowing for single-monitor use without disrupting endoscopist’s workflow.CONCLUSION This work underscores the transformative potential of AI to enhance endoscopic diagnosis by enabling earlier,more accurate interventions.
基金Supported by The Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China,No.2022JJ30329.
文摘BACKGROUND High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma(HGSOC)is among the most lethal gynecological malignancies,characterized by late-stage diagnosis,extensive peritoneal dissemination,and limited treatment options,resulting in poor survival outcomes.The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in disease progression and therapy resistance,with CD4+T cells exhibiting significant plasticity and functional heterogeneity.Regulatory T cells(Tregs)are particularly implicated in immune suppression and tumor evasion.However,the spatial distribution,functional states,and prognostic significance of CD4+T cell subtypes in HGSOC remain poorly understood.AIM To characterize the functional heterogeneity and tissue-specific distributions of CD4+T cell subtypes in HGSOC and identify biomarkers for therapy.METHODS We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data from 42 HGSOC patients,examining samples collected from adnexal tissues and ascites.CD4+T cells were identified and classified into subtypes using unsupervised clustering and marker gene analysis.Functional profiling was performed using pathway enrichment,differential expression analysis,and functional signature scoring.Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional hazards modeling were conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of CD4+T cell subtypes.RESULTS Distinct distributions of CD4+T cell subtypes were identified between adnexal tissues and ascites.Naive CD4+T cells were predominant in ascites,while Tregs and CXCL13-expressing CD4+T cells were enriched in adnexal tissues.Tregs were further categorized into four subtypes(Treg1,Treg2,Treg3,and TISG),each exhibiting unique molecular signatures and tissue-specific adaptations.Treg3 cells,enriched in adnexal tissues,were characterized by high levels of activation and exhaustion markers,correlating with poor clinical outcomes in HGSOC patients.CONCLUSION Treg3 cells drive immune suppression and tumor progression in HGSOC,making them a key immunotherapy target.Their adnexal enrichment highlights the need for tissue-specific immune profiling in precision treatment.
基金supported by the China National Petroleum Corporation Science and Technology Project(Study on genesis mechanism and distribution law of high quality reservoir of the fourth Member of Xujiahe Formation in middle and west Sichuan area,20230301-23)。
文摘The Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the slope zone of the Sichuan foreland basin is a new field of continental tight gas exploration in recent years.The fourth member of the Xujiahe Formation(Xu4 Member),the major interval in the Jianyang Block of the Tianfu gas field in the basin,is characterized by considerable buried depth,tight reservoirs,and strong heterogeneity.By using cast thin section,X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),fluid inclusion thermometry,and core analysis,the reservoir rock types,dominant diageneses,diagenetic history,and controls on high-graded reservoirs were investigated.It is found that the Xu4 Member in Jianyang mainly consists of lithic feldspar sandstones and feldspar lithic sandstones,followed by lithic quartz sandstones.High-energy hydrodynamic conditions in the microfacies of underwater distributary channels and mouth bars are beneficial to the preservation of primary pores and the occurrence of secondary pores,and there are no significant differences in petrophysical properties between these two microfacies.Compaction and calcareous cementation are the dominant controls on reservoir porosity decrease in the Xujiahe Formation;corrosion is the major contributor to porosity increase by generating secondary dissolved pores,e.g.intragranular dissolved pores and intergranular dissolved pores,as major reservoir space in the study area.Fracture zones around the faults inside the Xujiahe Formation(fourth‒order faults)are favorable for proximal tight gas accumulation,preservation,and production.The research findings have been successfully applied to explore the Xujiahe Formation in the slope zone of the Sichuan foreland basin.They can be referential for other similar tight sandstone gas accumulations.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82372888)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2704000)+6 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82273383)the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(No.2020-2-4098)Youth program of Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.7204328)Clinical Medicine Plus X-Young Scholars Project,Peking University(No.PKU2022LCXQ020)Key Clinical Project of Peking University Third Hospital(No.BYSY2022050)Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital(No.BYSYZD2021006)Key Clinical Projects of Peking University Third Hospital(No.BYSYZD2019034).
文摘Objective:The expression of programmed death 1(PD-1)on CD8^(+)T cells is associated with their activation and exhaustion,while CD57 serves as a senescence marker.The impact of PD-1^(+)and CD57^(+)CD8^(+)T cells on the prognosis of patients with advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer(HGSOC)remain unclear.Methods:We assessed the percentages of PD-1^(+)and CD57^(+)CD8^(+)T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs,n=85)and tumor ascites lymphocytes(TALs,n=87)using flow cytometry.The optimal cutoffs for these markers in TILs and TALs were determined through the log-rank maximization method.Gene expression analysis elucidated the tumor immune microenvironment(TIME,n=36).Results:Patients with higher PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs(>87.8%)exhibited longer platinum-free interval(PFI)and overall survival(OS).In contrast,those with elevated CD57^(+)CD8^(+)TALs(>28.69%)were more likely to experience chemotherapy and had lower complete remission rates,shorter PFI and OS.PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs are primarily displayed an effector memory state with strong proliferative and secretory capabilities.Approximately 50%of CD57^(+)CD8^(+)TALs were terminally differentiated,exhibiting significantly impaired proliferation.Based on the proportions of PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs and CD57^(+)CD8^(+)TALs,patients were categorized into good,median and poor prognosis groups,with median PFI of 47.78,27.29 and 11.96 months,respectively(P<0.0001).Median OS for these groups was not reach,49.23 and 30.92 months,respectively(P<0.0001).Patients with poor prognosis exhibit significantly reduced CD8^(+)T cell proportion and increased M2 macrophage in the TIME,alongside downregulation of multiple T cell activation-related pathways.Conclusions:Lower levels of PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs and higher CD57^(+)CD8^(+)TALs,assessed prior to treatment,correlated with poor prognosis and suppressive TIME in advanced HGSOC.
文摘BACKGROUND High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PanIN)exhibits no mass and is not detected by any examination modalities.However,it can be diagnosed by pancreatic juice cytology from indirect findings.Most previous cases were diagnosed based on findings of a focal stricture of the main pancreatic duct(MPD)and caudal MPD dilatation and subsequent pancreatic juice cytology using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).We experienced a case of high-grade PanIN with an unclear MPD over a 20-mm range,but without caudal MPD dilatation on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP).CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old female patient underwent computed tomography for a follow-up of uterine cancer post-excision,which revealed pancreatic cysts.MRCP revealed an unclear MPD of the pancreatic body at a 20-mm length without caudal MPD dilatation.Thus,course observation was performed.After 24 mo,MRCP revealed an increased caudal MPD caliber and a larger pancreatic cyst.We performed ERCP and detected atypical cells suspected of adenocarcinoma by serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytology examination.We performed a distal pancreatectomy and obtained a histopathological diagnosis of high-grade PanIN.Pancreatic parenchyma invasion was not observed,and curative resection was achieved.CONCLUSION High-grade Pan-IN may cause MPD narrowing in a long range without caudal MPD dilatation.
基金the Science and Research Office of Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Provincial Hospital(approved number SWYX:No.2024-294).
文摘BACKGROUND According to the degree of intradermal neoplasia in the colorectal exhalation,it can be divided into two grades:Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIN)and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(HGIN).Currently,it is difficult to accurately diagnose LGIN and HGIN through imaging,and clinical diagnosis depends on postoperative histopathological diagnosis.A more accurate method for evaluating HGIN preoperatively is urgently needed in the surgical treatment and nursing intervention of colorectal polyps.AIM To explore the characteristics and risk factors of HGIN in older patients with colorectal polyps.METHODS We selected 84 older patients diagnosed with HGIN as the HGIN group(n=95 colonic polyps)and 112 older patients diagnosed with LGIN as the LGIN group(n=132 colonic polyps)from Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University.The endoscopic features,demographic characteristics,and clinical manifestations of the two patient groups were compared,and a logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for HGIN in these patients.RESULTS The HGIN group was older and had a higher number of sigmoid colon polyps,rectal polyps,pedunculated polyps,polyps≥1.0 cm in size,polyps with surface congestion,polyps with surface depression,and polyps with villous/tubular adenomas,a higher proportion of patients with diabetes and a family history of colorectal cancer,patients who experienced rectal bleeding or occult blood,patients with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and cancer antigen 199(CA199),and lower nutritional levels and higher frailty levels.The polyp location(in the sigmoid colon or rectum),polyp diameter(≥1.0 cm),pathological diagnosis of(villous/tubular adenoma),family history of colorectal cancer,rectal bleeding or occult blood,elevated serum CEA and CA199 levels,lower nutritional levels and higher frailty levels also are independent risk factors for HGIN.CONCLUSION The occurrence of high-grade neoplastic transformation in colorectal polyps is closely associated with their location,size,villous/tubular characteristics,family history,elevated levels of tumor markers,and lower nutritional levels and higher frailty levels.
文摘Bulk geochemistry,Sr,Nd,and O-H isotope systematics are reported for the first time on banded iron formation(BIF)-hosted high-grade iron ore at the northwestern segment of Congo Craton(CC).Located in Mbalam iron ore district,Southern Cameroon,Metzimevin iron ore deposit is a hematite-magnetite BIF system,dominated by SiO_(2)+Fe_(2)O_(3)(97.1 to 99.84 wt%),with low concentrations of clastic elements e.g.,Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and HFSE,depicting a nearly pure chemical precipitate.The REE+Y signature of the iron deposit displays strong positive Eu anomaly,strong negative Ce anomaly,and chondritic to superchondritic Y/Ho ratios,suggestive of formation by mixed seawater-high temperature hydrothermal fluids in oxidising environment.The^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios of the BIF are higher than the maximum^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr evolution curves for all Archean reservoirs(bulk silicate earth,Archean crust and Archean seawater),indicating involvement of continentally-derived components during BIF formation and alteration.TheƐ_(Nd)(t)(+2.26 to+3.77)and Nd model age indicate that chemical constituents for the BIF were derived from undifferentiated crustal source,between 3.002 and 2.88 Ga.The variable and diverse O and H isotope data(−1.9‰to 17.3‰and−57‰to 136‰respectively)indicate that the Metzimevin iron ore formed initially from magmatic plumes and later enriched by magmatic-metamorphic-modified meteoric fluids.Mass balance calculations indicate mineralisation by combined leaching and precipitation,with an average iron enrichment factor of>2.67 and SiO_(2)depletion factor of>0.99.This is associated with an overall volume reduction of 28.27%,reflecting net leaching and volume collapse of the BIF protholith.
文摘BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal high-grade serous carcinoma(HGSC)of unknown origin is a sporadic tumor that can originate from ovarian cancer.Herein,we report the case of a woman with retroperitoneal HGSC of unknown origin and describe how she was diagnosed and treated.CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old female presented with the tumor marker CA125 elevated to 1041.9 U/mL upon a regular health examination.Computed tomography revealed retroperitoneal lymph node enlargement.Subsequently,positron emission tomography scanning revealed lesions with increased F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake at the nodes.As a result,she underwent laparoscopic lymph node resection,and pathology revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma with CK7(+),PAX8(+),WT1(+),PR(-),and p53 mutational loss of expression,indicating that the origin may be from the adnexa.The patient was admitted to our ward and underwent laparoscopic staging;however,the pathological results were negative.Under the suspicion of retroperitoneal HGSC of unknown origin,chemotherapy and targeted therapy were initiated.Tumor marker levels decreased after treatment.CONCLUSION We present a case of HGSC of unknown origin managed using retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy,staging surgery,chemotherapy,and targeted therapy.
文摘BACKGROUND Few studies have reported an association between an increased risk of acquiring cancers and survival in patients with 4q deletion syndrome.This study presents a rare association between chromosome 4q abnormalities and fallopian tube highgrade serous carcinoma(HGSC)in a young woman.CASE SUMMARY A 35-year-old woman presented with acute dull abdominal pain and a known chromosomal abnormality involving 4q13.3 duplication and 4q23q24 deletion.Upon arrival at the emergency room,her abdomen appeared ovoid and distended with palpable shifting dullness.Ascites were identified through abdominal ultrasound,and computed tomography revealed an omentum cake and an enlarged bilateral adnexa.Blood tests showed elevated CA-125 levels.Paracentesis was conducted,and immunohistochemistry indicated that the cancer cells favored an ovarian origin,making us suspect ovarian cancer.The patient underwent debulking surgery,which led to a diagnosis of stage IIIC HGSC of the fallopian tube.Subsequently,the patient received adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel,resulting in stable current condition.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates a rare correlation between a chromosome 4q abnormality and HGSC.UBE2D3 may affect crucial cancer-related pathways,including P53,BRCA,cyclin D,and tyrosine kinase receptors,thereby possibly contributing to cancer development.In addition,ADH1 and DDIT4 may be potential influencers of both carcinogenic and therapeutic responses.
基金Supported by The Lishui Science and Technology Planing Projects,No.2020SJZC048.
文摘BACKGROUND High-grade B-cell lymphoma(HGBL)is an unusual malignancy that includes myelocytomatosis viral oncogene(MYC),B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2),and/or BCL-6 rearrangements,termed double-hit or triple-hit lymphomas,and HGBL-not otherwise specific(HGBL-NOS),which are morphologically characteristic of HGBL but lack MYC,BCL-2,or BCL-6 rearrangements.HGBL is partially transformed by follicular lymphoma and other indolent lymphoma,with few cases of marginal zone lymphoma(MZL)transformation.HGBL often has a poor prognosis and intensive therapy is currently mainly advocated,but there is no good treatment for these patients who cannot tolerate chemotherapy.CASE SUMMARY We reported a case of MZL transformed into HGBL-NOS with TP53 mutation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase expression.Gene analysis revealed the gene expression profile was identical in the pre-and post-transformed tissues,suggesting that the two diseases are homologous,not secondary tumors.The chemotherapy was ineffective and the side effect was severe,so we tried combination therapy including venetoclax and obinutuzumab.The patient tolerated treatment well,and reached partial response.The patient had recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and died of multifunctional organ failure.He survived for 12 months after diagnosis.CONCLUSION Venetoclax combined with obinutuzumab might improve the survival in some HGBL patients,who are unsuitable for chemotherapy.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research project (No.2020B0301030004)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (No.2020B1111360003)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42105103)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No.2022A1515011554).
文摘Objective weather classification methods have been extensively applied to identify dominant ozone-favorable synoptic weather patterns(SWPs),however,the consistency of different classification methods is rarely examined.In this study,we apply two widely-used objective methods,the self-organizing map(SOM)and K-means clustering analysis,to derive ozone-favorable SWPs at four Chinese megacities in 2015-2022.We find that the two algorithms are largely consistent in recognizing dominant ozone-favorable SWPs for four Chinese megacities.In the case of classifying six SWPs,the derived circulation fields are highly similar with a spatial correlation of 0.99 between the two methods,and the difference in themean frequency of each SWP is less than 7%.The six dominant ozone-favorable SWPs in Guangzhou are all characterized by anomaly higher radiation and temperature,lower cloud cover,relative humidity,and wind speed,and stronger subsidence compared to climatology mean.We find that during 2015-2022,the occurrence of ozone-favorable SWPs days increases significantly at a rate of 3.2 days/year,faster than the increases in the ozone exceedance days(3.0 days/year).The interannual variability between the occurrence of ozone-favorable SWPs and ozone exceedance days are generally consistent with a temporal correlation coefficient of 0.6.In particular,the significant increase in ozone-favorable SWPs in 2022,especially the Subtropical High type which typically occurs in September,is consistent with a long-lasting ozone pollution episode in Guangzhou during September 2022.Our results thus reveal that enhanced frequency of ozone-favorable SWPs plays an important role in the observed 2015-2022 ozone increase in Guangzhou.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42471205)the General Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education(No.2024JYTYB12)the Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of Zhejiang Province(No.23NDJC109YB)。
文摘In the era of the digital economy,digital trade has demonstrated strong vitality,becoming a crucial driving force for the highquality development of national and regional economies.However,understanding the resilience of digital trade in the face of external crises is an important topic.Taking the backdrop of Sino-US trade friction,this paper constructs a resilience index system for digital trade.It utilizes entropy method,kernel density estimation,and ArcGIS mapping to calculate and visually analyze the resilience of China’s digital trade from 2017 to 2021.Additionally,a Tobit model is constructed to explore the main influencing factors of digital trade resilience patterns.The research findings indicate:1)temporally,during the period of Sino-US trade friction,China’s digital trade resilience shows an overall upward trend,but there are regional differences in resilience levels across the country,with a severe polarization phenomenon.2)Spatially,high resilience is observed in the eastern and central regions of China,while the western and northeastern regions exhibit low resilience.3)From a dimensional perspective,the resistance of digital trade resilience displays a spatial distribution of high values in the east and low values in the west.The recovery force is aggregated along coastal areas,and the renewal force tends to aggregate along the eastern coastline.4)Factors such as economic scale,industrial structure,urbanization rate,government fiscal expenditure,and technological talents significantly promote the enhancement of digital trade resilience.This study reveals the dynamic characteristics and influencing factors of digital trade resilience in responding to external shocks,providing theoretical basis and policy suggestions for enhancing digital trade resilience,and promoting high-quality economic development in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U21B2062).
文摘The isolated fracture-vug systems controlled by small-scale strike-slip faults within ultra-deep carbonate rocks of the Tarim Basin exhibit significant exploration potential.The study employs a novel training set incorporating innovative fault labels to train a U-Net-structured CNN model,enabling effective identification of small-scale strike-slip faults through seismic data interpretation.Based on the CNN faults,we analyze the distribution patterns of small-scale strike-slip faults.The small-scale strike-slip faults can be categorized into NNW-trending and NE-trending groups with strike lengths ranging 200–5000 m.The development intensity of small-scale strike-slip faults in the Lower Yingshan Member notably exceeds that in the Upper Member.The Lower and Upper Yingshan members are two distinct mechanical layers with contrasting brittleness characteristics,separated by a low-brittleness layer.The superior brittleness of the Lower Yingshan Member enhances the development intensity of small-scale strike-slip faults compared to the upper member,while the low-brittleness layer exerts restrictive effects on vertical fault propagation.Fracture-vug systems formed by interactions of two or more small-scale strike-slip faults demonstrate larger sizes than those controlled by individual faults.All fracture-vug system sizes show positive correlations with the vertical extents of associated small-scale strike-slip faults,particularly intersection and approaching fracture-vug systems exhibit accelerated size increases proportional to the vertical extents.
基金National Social Science Foundation Program,No.22VRC163National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42061043+1 种基金Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,No.KYCX24_1008Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education,No.YCSW2024473。
文摘Clarifying the mechanisms that control the evolution of territorial space patterns is essential for regulating and optimizing the geographical structure and processes related to sustainable development.Using the Guangdong and Guangxi sections of the Pearl River Basin as examples,the transfer-matrix method and standard deviation ellipse model were applied to characterize the evolution of territorial space patterns from 1990 to 2020.A trend surface analysis and the Theil index were used to analyze regional differences in the evolution process,and geodetectors were used to identify the underlying mechanisms of the changes.There were three key results.(1)In these critical areas of the Pearl River Basin,agricultural and ecological spaces have rapidly declined due to urban expansion,with transfers between these spaces dominating the evolution of territorial space patterns.Spatial pattern changes in the Guangdong section were more intense than in the Guangxi section.(2)Regional differences in urban space have decreased,whereas differences in agricultural and ecological spaces have intensified.Driven by socio-economic growth,the cross-regional transfers of territorial space have created a“high in the east,while low in the west”inter-regional difference,and a“high in the south,while low in the north”intra-regional difference shaped by natural conditions.The regional differences in space patterns were greater in Guangdong than in Guangxi.(3)The evolution of watershed territorial space patterns resulted from scale changes,locational shifts,structural reorganizations,and directional changes driven by multiple factors.Natural environment,social life,economic development,and policy factors played foundational,leading,key driving,and guiding roles,respectively.Additionally,the regional differences in the evolution of watershed territorial space patterns originated from the differential transmission of the influence of various factors affecting spatial evolution.Enhancing urban space efficiency,restructuring agricultural space,and optimizing ecological space are key strategies for building a complementary and synergistic territorial space pattern in the basin.
