Metal-support interactions and hydrogen spillover effects in heterogeneous catalysts play a crucial role in aromatic hydrogenation reactions;however,these effects are limited by the metal dispersion on the catalyst an...Metal-support interactions and hydrogen spillover effects in heterogeneous catalysts play a crucial role in aromatic hydrogenation reactions;however,these effects are limited by the metal dispersion on the catalyst and the number of acceptable H*receptors.This study prepares highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles(NPs)catalysts on a Beta substrate via precursor structure topology transformation.In contrast to traditional support materials,the coordination and electronic structure changes between the Ni NPs and the support were achieved,further optimizing the active interface sites and enhancing hydrogen activation and hydrogenation performance.Additionally,the-OH groups at the strong acid sites in zeolite effectively intensified the hydrogen spillover effect as receptors for H^(*)migration and anchoring,accelerating the hydrogenation rate of aromatic rings.Under solvent-free conditions,this catalyst was used for the hydrogenation reaction of aromatic-rich oils,directly producing a C_(8)-C_(14)branched cycloalkanes mixture with an aromatic conversion rate of>99%.The cycloalkanes mixture produced by this method features high density(0.92 g/mL)and a low freezing point(<-60℃),making it suitable for use as high-density aviation fuel or as an additive to enhance the volumetric heat value of conventional aviation fuels in practical applications.展开更多
In rotationally extruded fittings,high-density polyethylene(HDPE)pipes prepared using conventional processing methods often suffer from poor pressure resistance and low toughness.This study introduces an innovative ro...In rotationally extruded fittings,high-density polyethylene(HDPE)pipes prepared using conventional processing methods often suffer from poor pressure resistance and low toughness.This study introduces an innovative rotary shear system(RSS)to address these deficiencies through controlled mandrel rotation and cooling rates.We successfully prepared self-reinforced HDPE pipes with a three-layer structure combining spherical and shish-kebab crystals.Rotational processing aligned the molecular chains in the ring direction and formed shish-kebab crystals.As a result,the annular tensile strength of the rotationally processed three-layer shish-kebab structure(TSK)pipe increased from 26.7 MPa to 76.3 MPa,an enhancement of 185.8%.Notably,while maintaining excellent tensile strength(73.4 MPa),the elongation at break of the spherulite shishkebab spherulite(SKS)tubes was improved to 50.1%,as compared to 33.8%in the case of shish-kebab spherulite shish-kebab(KSK)tubes.This improvement can be attributed to the changes in the micro-morphology and polymer structure within the SKS tubes,specifically due to the formation of small-sized shish-kebab crystals and the low degrees of interlocking.In addition,2D-SAXS analysis revealed that KSK tubes have higher tensile strength due to smaller crystal sizes and larger shish dimensions,forming dense interlocking structures.In contrast,the SKS and TSK tubes had thicker amorphous regions and smaller shish sizes,resulting in reduced interlocking and mechanical performance.展开更多
High-density interconnect(HDI)soft electronics that can integrate multiple individual functions into one miniaturized monolithic system is promising for applications related to smart healthcare,soft robotics,and human...High-density interconnect(HDI)soft electronics that can integrate multiple individual functions into one miniaturized monolithic system is promising for applications related to smart healthcare,soft robotics,and human-machine interactions.However,despite the recent advances,the development of three-dimensional(3D)soft electronics with both high resolution and high integration is still challenging because of the lack of efficient manufacturing methods to guarantee interlayer alignment of the high-density vias and reliable interlayer electrical conductivity.Here,an advanced 3D laser printing pathway,based on femtosecond laser direct writing(FLDW),is demonstrated for preparing liquid metal(LM)-based any layer HDI soft electronics.FLDW technology,with the characteristics of high spatial resolution and high precision,allows the maskless fabrication of high-resolution embedded LM microchannels and high-density vertical interconnect accesses for 3D integrated circuits.High-aspect-ratio blind/through LM microstructures are formed inside the elastomer due to the supermetalphobicity induced during laser ablation.The LM-based HDI circuit featuring high resolution(~1.5μm)and high integration(10-layer electrical interconnection)is achieved for customized soft electronics,including various customized multilayer passive electric components,soft multilayer circuit,and cross-scale multimode sensors.The 3D laser printing method provides a versatile approach for developing chip-level soft electronics.展开更多
Dislocation strengthening,as one of the methods to simultaneously enhance the room temperature strength and ductility of alloys,does not achieve the desired strengthening and plasticity effect during elevated-temperat...Dislocation strengthening,as one of the methods to simultaneously enhance the room temperature strength and ductility of alloys,does not achieve the desired strengthening and plasticity effect during elevated-temperature deformation.Here,we report a novel strategy to boost the dislocation multiplication and accumulation during deformation at elevated temperatures through dynamic strain aging(DSA).With the introduction of the rare-earth element Ho in Mg-Y-Zn alloy,Ho atoms diffuse toward dislocations during deformation at elevated temperatures,provoking the DSA effect,which increases the dislocation density significantly via the interactions of mobile dislocations and Ho atoms.The resulting alloy achieves a great enhancement of dislocation hardening and obtains the dual benefits of high strength and good ductility simultaneously at high homologous temperatures.The present work provides an effective strategy to enhancing the strength and ductility for elevated-temperature materials.展开更多
Rapeseed mustard(Brassica juncea L.) is the third most important oilseed crop in the world, but the geneticmechanism underlying its massive phenotypic variation remains largely unexplored. In this study, specific leng...Rapeseed mustard(Brassica juncea L.) is the third most important oilseed crop in the world, but the geneticmechanism underlying its massive phenotypic variation remains largely unexplored. In this study, specific length amplified fragment sequencing(SLAF-Seq) was used to resequence a population comprising 197 F8recombinantinbred lines(RILs) derived from a cross between vegetable-type Qichi881 and oilseed-type YufengZC of B. juncea. In total, 438,895 high-quality SLAFs were discovered, 47,644 of which were polymorphic, and 3,887 of the polymorphic markers met the requirements for genetic map construction. The final map included 3,887 markers on 18 linkage groups and was 1,830.23 centiMorgan(cM) in length, with an average distance of 0.47 cM between adjacent markers. Using the newly constructed high-density genetic map, a total of 53 QTLs for erucicacid(EA), oleic acid(OA), and linolenic acid(LNA) were detected and integrated into eight consensus QTLswith two for each of these traits. For each of these three traits, two candidate genes were cloned and sequence analysis indicated colocalization with their respective consensus QTLs. The co-dominant allele-specific markers for Bju.FAD3.A03 and Bju.FAD3.B07 were developed and showed co-localization with their consensus QTLs andco-segregation with LNA content, further supporting the results of QTL mapping and bioinformatic analysis. Theexpression levels of the cloned homologous genes were also determined, and the genes were tightly correlatedwith the EA, OA and LNA contents of different lines. The results of this study will facilitate the improvement offatty acid traits and molecular breeding of B. juncea. Further uses of the high-density genetic map created in this study are also discussed.展开更多
Stroke survivors often face significant challenges when performing daily self-care activities due to upper limb motor impairments.Traditional surface electromyography(sEMG)analysis typically focuses on isolated hand p...Stroke survivors often face significant challenges when performing daily self-care activities due to upper limb motor impairments.Traditional surface electromyography(sEMG)analysis typically focuses on isolated hand postures,overlooking the complexity of object-interactive behaviors that are crucial for promoting patient independence.This study introduces a novel framework that combines high-density sEMG(HD-sEMG)signals with an improved Whale Optimization Algorithm(IWOA)-optimized Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)network to address this limitation.The key contributions of this work include:(1)the creation of a specialized HD-sEMG dataset that captures nine continuous self-care behaviors,along with time and posture markers,to better reflect real-world patient interactions;(2)the development of a multi-channel feature fusion module based on Pascal’s theorem,which enables efficient signal segmentation and spatial–temporal feature extraction;and(3)the enhancement of the IWOA algorithm,which integrates optimal point set initialization,a diversity-driven pooling mechanism,and cosine-based differential evolution to optimize LSTM hyperparameters,thereby improving convergence and global search capabilities.Experimental results demonstrate superior performance,achieving 99.58%accuracy in self-care behavior recognition and 86.19%accuracy for 17 continuous gestures on the Ninapro db2 benchmark.The framework operates with low latency,meeting the real-time requirements for assistive devices.By enabling precise,context-aware recognition of daily activities,this work advances personalized rehabilitation technologies,empowering stroke patients to regain autonomy in self-care tasks.The proposed methodology offers a robust,scalable solution for clinical applications,bridging the gap between laboratory-based gesture recognition and practical,patient-centered care.展开更多
Despite the promising potential of transition metal oxides(TMOs)as capacitive deionization(CDI)electrodes,the actual capacity of TMOs electrodes for sodium storage is significantly lower than the theoretical capacity,...Despite the promising potential of transition metal oxides(TMOs)as capacitive deionization(CDI)electrodes,the actual capacity of TMOs electrodes for sodium storage is significantly lower than the theoretical capacity,posing a major obstacle.Herein,we prepared the kinetically favorable Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O electrode in situ growth on carbon felt(Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF)through constraining the rate of OH^(−)generation in the hydrothermal method.Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF exhibited a high-density hierarchical nanosheet structure with three-dimensional open pores,benefitting the ion transport/electron transfer.And tuning the moderate amount of redox-inert Zn-doping can enhance surface electroactive sites,actual activity of redox-active Ni species,and lower adsorption energy,promoting the adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic of the Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF.Benefitting from the kinetic-thermodynamic facilitation mechanism,Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF achieved ultrahigh desalination capacity(128.9 mgNaCl g^(-1)),ultra-low energy consumption(0.164 kW h kgNaCl^(-1)),high salt removal rate(1.21 mgNaCl g^(-1) min^(-1)),and good cyclability.The thermodynamic facilitation and Na^(+)intercalation mechanism of Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF are identified by the density functional theory calculations and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring,respectively.This research provides new insights into controlling electrochemically favorable morphology and demonstrates that Zn-doping,which is redox-inert,is essential for enhancing the electrochemical performance of CDI electrodes.展开更多
Tailoring high-density annealing twins in laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)-fabricated alloys based on their intrinsic residual stress requires high annealing temperatures and/or long-term annealing,result-ing in the abno...Tailoring high-density annealing twins in laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)-fabricated alloys based on their intrinsic residual stress requires high annealing temperatures and/or long-term annealing,result-ing in the abnormal growth of large recrystallized grains,which is detrimental to mechanical properties.This work proposes a new strategy for achieving a favorable strength-plasticity synergy of the LPBF-fabricated Inconel 718 superalloy by performing a deep cryogenic treatment(DCT)with the subsequent heat treatment(including annealing and double aging)to tailor fine grains with“high-density annealing twins+precipitates”architectures and compares the obtained material with an alloy subjected to a direct heat treatment without a prior DCT.The obtained results reveal that the additional internal stress gen-erated during DCT increases the stored energy and dislocation density,which provide a sufficient driving force for activating high-density annealing twin boundaries(63.2%)with fine grains(31.6μm)within a short annealing time.The more homogeneous tailored microstructure with the“finer grains+high-density twins+precipitates”architectures decreases the mean free path of slipping dislocations,pro-moting intensive interactions with dislocations and inducing a strong strain hardening effect.The mul-tiple deformation modes of stacking faults coupled with Lomer-Cottrell locks,thin primary deformation twins,and secondary twins activated during tensile loading,sustaining a strong work hardening ability and delaying the plastic instability,which exhibits a high strength(yield strength of 1088 MPa and tensile strength of 1369 MPa)and excellent plasticity(elongation of 30%).This work not only describes a fea-sible method for simultaneously enhancing the strength and plasticity in additively manufactured(AM)alloys but also provides new insights into increasing the fraction of twins at a small grain size to improve the grain boundary-related properties without destroying the AM alloy shape.展开更多
Lignin is the most abundant naturally phenolic biomass,and the synthesis of high-performance renewable fuel from lignin has attracted significant attention.We propose the efficient synthesis of high-density fuels usin...Lignin is the most abundant naturally phenolic biomass,and the synthesis of high-performance renewable fuel from lignin has attracted significant attention.We propose the efficient synthesis of high-density fuels using simulated lignin cracked oil in tandem with hydroalkylation and deoxygenation reactions.First,we investigated the reaction pathway for the hydroalkylation of phenol,which competes with the hydrodeoxygenation form cyclohexane.And then,we investigated the effects of metal catalyst types,the loading amount of metallic,acid dosage,and reactant ratio on the reaction results.The phenol hydroalkylation and hydrodeoxygenation were balanced when 180℃ and 5 MPa H_(2)with the alkanes yield of 95%.By extending the substrate to other lignin-derived phenolics and simulated lignin cracked oil,we obtained the polycyclic alkane fuel with high density of 0.918 g·ml^(-1)and calorific value of41.2 MJ·L^(-1).Besides,the fuel has good low-temperature properties(viscosity of 9.3 mm^(2)·s^(-1)at 20℃ and freezing point below-55℃),which is expected to be used as jet fuel.This work provides a promising way for the easy and green production of high-density fuel directly from real lignin oil.展开更多
In three-dimensional(3D)stacking,the thermal stress of through-silicon via(TSV)has a significant influence on chip performance and reliability,and this problem is exacerbated in high-density TSV arrays.In this study,a...In three-dimensional(3D)stacking,the thermal stress of through-silicon via(TSV)has a significant influence on chip performance and reliability,and this problem is exacerbated in high-density TSV arrays.In this study,a novel hollow tungsten TSV(W-TSV)is presented and developed.The hollow structure provides space for the release of thermal stress.Simulation results showed that the hollow W-TSV structure can release 60.3%of thermal stress within the top 2 lm from the surface,and thermal stress can be decreased to less than 20 MPa in the radial area of 3 lm.The ultra-high-density(1600 TSV∙mm2)TSV array with a size of 640×512,a pitch of 25 lm,and an aspect ratio of 20.3 was fabricated,and the test results demonstrated that the proposed TSV has excellent electrical and reliability performances.The average resistance of the TSV was 1.21 X.The leakage current was 643 pA and the breakdown voltage was greater than 100 V.The resistance change is less than 2%after 100 temperature cycles from40 to 125℃.Raman spectroscopy showed that the maximum stress on the wafer surface caused by the hollow W-TSV was 31.02 MPa,which means that there was no keep-out zone(KOZ)caused by the TSV array.These results indicate that this structure has great potential for applications in large-array photodetectors and 3D integrated circuits.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease(CHD)and heart failure(HF)are the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Early and accurate diagnoses of CHD and HF are essential for optimal management and prognosis.Howeve...BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease(CHD)and heart failure(HF)are the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Early and accurate diagnoses of CHD and HF are essential for optimal management and prognosis.However,conventional diagnostic methods such as electrocardiography,echocardiography,and cardiac biomarkers have certain limitations,such as low sensitivity,specificity,availability,and cost-effectiveness.Therefore,there is a need for simple,noninvasive,and reliable biomarkers to diagnose CHD and HF.AIM To investigate serum cystatin C(Cys-C),monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR),and uric acid(UA)diagnostic values for CHD and HF.METHODS We enrolled 80 patients with suspected CHD or HF who were admitted to our hospital between July 2022 and July 2023.The patients were divided into CHD(n=20),HF(n=20),CHD+HF(n=20),and control groups(n=20).The serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were measured using immunonephelometry and an enzymatic method,respectively,and the diagnostic values for CHD and HF were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.RESULTS Serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were significantly higher in the CHD,HF,and CHD+HF groups than those in the control group.The serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were significantly higher in the CHD+HF group than those in the CHD or HF group.The ROC curve analysis showed that serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA had good diagnostic performance for CHD and HF,with areas under the curve ranging from 0.78 to 0.93.The optimal cutoff values of serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA for diagnosing CHD,HF,and CHD+HF were 1.2 mg/L,0.9×10^(9),and 389μmol/L;1.4 mg/L,1.0×10^(9),and 449μmol/L;and 1.6 mg/L,1.1×10^(9),and 508μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA are useful biomarkers for diagnosing CHD and HF,and CHD+HF.These can provide information for decision-making and risk stratification in patients with CHD and HF.展开更多
Developing natural nano-platforms with high biocompatibility and natural targeting ability represents great significance for drug delivery.High-density lipoprotein(HDL),a natural lipid-protein complex,plays important ...Developing natural nano-platforms with high biocompatibility and natural targeting ability represents great significance for drug delivery.High-density lipoprotein(HDL),a natural lipid-protein complex,plays important roles in physiological activities,particularly in reverse cholesterol transport(RCT)and be closely associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.Recent studies have demonstrated that HDLs have the potential to serve as ideal drug carriers.Recombinant HDLs(r HDLs)have been used to encapsulate substances such as small interfering RNA(siRNA),drugs,and contrast agents,fully utilizing the biocompatibility and targeting ability of r HDL in the body and providing new strategies for drug delivery and disease treatment.In this review,we discussed in detail the basic principles of HDL as a drug delivery system,the mechanisms of targeted drug delivery,and several methods for preparing HDL nanoparticles.Afterward,we comprehensively reviewed the applications of HDL as a drug carrier in cardiovascular diseases,cancer treatment(such as glioblastoma,breast cancer,hepatocellular carcinoma and urologic cancers)and some other fields.Finally,we reviewed the therapeutic effects and safety of HDL nanoparticles in clinical studies.Through a review and summary of these research advances,we aim to fully understand the potential of HDL as a drug carrier in clinical applications,providing valuable references and guidance for future research and expedites the translational application of HDL as drug carriers.展开更多
A model for fast electron-driven high-density plasma is proposed to describe the effect of injected fast electrons on the temperature and inner pressure of the plasma in the fast heating process of the double-cone ign...A model for fast electron-driven high-density plasma is proposed to describe the effect of injected fast electrons on the temperature and inner pressure of the plasma in the fast heating process of the double-cone ignition(DCI)scheme.Due to the collision of the two low-density plasmas,the density and volume of the high-density plasma vary.Therefore,the ignition temperature and energy requirement of the high-density plasma vary at different moments,and the required energy for hot electrons to heat the plasma also changes.In practical experiments,the energy input of hot electrons needs to be considered.To reduce the energy input of hot electrons,the optimal moment and the shortest time for injecting hot electrons with minimum energy are analyzed.In this paper,it is proposed to inject hot electrons for a short time to heat the high-density plasma to a relatively high temperature.Then,the alpha particles with the high heating rate and PdV work heat the plasma to the ignition temperature,further reducing the energy required to inject hot electrons.The study of the injection time of fast electrons can reduce the energy requirement of fast electrons for the high-density plasma and increase the probability of successful ignition of the high-density plasma.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the relationship between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR)and the disease activity of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO).METHODS:A total of 87 patients were classified int...AIM:To evaluate the relationship between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR)and the disease activity of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO).METHODS:A total of 87 patients were classified into two groups based on clinical activity score(CAS)scoring criteria:high CAS group(n=62,the CAS score was≥3);low CAS group(n=25,the CAS score was<3).In addition,a group of healthy people(n=114)were included to compared the MHR.Proptosis,MHR,average signal intensity ratio(SIR),average lacrimal gland(LG)-SIR,average extraocular muscles(EOM)area from 87 patients with TAO were calculated in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and compared between these two groups.Correlation testing was utilized to evaluate the association of parameters among the clinical variables.RESULTS:Patients in high CAS group had a higher proptosis(P=0.041)and MHR(P=0.048).Compared to the healthy group,the MHR in the TAO group was higher(P=0.001).Correlation testing declared that CAS score was strongly associated with proptosis and average SIR,and MHR was positively associated with CAS score,average SIR,and average LG-SIR.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of MHR was 0.6755.CONCLUSION:MHR,a novel inflammatory biomarker,has a significant association with CAS score and MRI imaging(average SIR and LG-SIR)and it can be a new promising predictor during the active phase of TAO.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intracranial high-density areas(HDAs)have attracted considerable attention for predicting clinical outcomes;however,whether HDAs predict worse neurological function and mental health remains controversial a...BACKGROUND Intracranial high-density areas(HDAs)have attracted considerable attention for predicting clinical outcomes;however,whether HDAs predict worse neurological function and mental health remains controversial and unclear,which requires further investigation.In this prospective study,96 patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)who accepted endovascular mechanical thrombectomy(EMT)were included.The enrolled patients underwent cranial computed tomography(CT)examination within 24 hours after EMT.Clinical data in terms of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),the 3-month modified Rankin Scale(mRS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)scores were collected and compared between patients with HDAs and non-HDAs and between patients with good and poor clinical prognosis.Compared to patients without HDAs,patients with HDAs presented severe neurological deficits(admission NIHSS score:18±3 vs 19±4),were more likely to have post-stroke disabilities(mRS<3:35%vs 62%),and suffered more severe depression(SDS score:58±16 vs 64±13)and anxiety disorder(SAS score:52±8 vs 59±10).Compared to patients with a good prognosis,patients with a poor prognosis presented severe neurological deficits(admission NIHSS score:17±4 vs 20±3),were more likely to have HDAs on CT images(64%vs 33%),and suffered more severe depression(SDS score:55±19 vs 65±11)and anxiety(SAS score:50±8 vs 58±12).Multivariate analysis revealed that HDAs were independent nega-tive prognostic factors.CONCLUSION In conclusion,HDAs on CT images predicted poor prognosis and severe depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with AIS who underwent EMT.展开更多
The development of high-performance oxygen evolution reaction catalysts with low iridium content is the key to the scale-up of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer(PEMWE)for green hydrogen production.Single-sit...The development of high-performance oxygen evolution reaction catalysts with low iridium content is the key to the scale-up of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer(PEMWE)for green hydrogen production.Single-site electrocatalysts with maximized atomic efficiency are held as promising candidates but still suffer from inadequate activity and stability in practical electrolyzer due to the low site density.Here,we proposed a NaNO_(3)-assistant thermal decomposition strategy for the preparation of high-density Ir single sites on MnO_(2)substrate(NaNO_(3)-H-Ir-MnO_(2)).Direct spectroscopic evidence suggests the inclusion of NaNO_(3)accelerates the transformation of Ir-Cl to Ir-O coordination,thus generating uniform dispersed high-density Ir single sites in the products.The optimized H-Ir-MnO_(2)demonstrates not only high intrinsic activity in a three-electrode set-up but also boosted performance in scalable PEMWE,requiring a cell voltage of only 1.74 V to attain a high current density of 2 A cm^(-2)at a low Ir loading of 0.18 mgIr cm^(-2).This work offers a new insight for enhancing the industrial practicality of Ir-based single site catalysts.展开更多
Background:Helicobacter pylori(HP)is associated with several gastrointestinal diseases,including peptic ulcer diseases and gastric cancer,and non-gastrointestinal diseases such as hypertension and Alzheimer's dise...Background:Helicobacter pylori(HP)is associated with several gastrointestinal diseases,including peptic ulcer diseases and gastric cancer,and non-gastrointestinal diseases such as hypertension and Alzheimer's disease.However,the relationship between HP and lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis remains unclear.This study aims to investigate the association between H.pylori infection and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and pulse wave conduction velocity.Methods:This is a report of a cross-sectional study that collected data from 2,827 participants.The data collected included results of life questionnaires,laboratory tests,13C-urea breath test(13C-UBT),and pulse wave conduction velocity test.Based on the results of the 13C-UBT test,the subjects were divided into two groups:the HP-uninfected group(HP−)and the HP-infected group(HP+).The study compared the differences in HDL-C levels and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)between the two groups.One-way regression analysis was used to identify potential factors affecting HDL-C levels in the study population.Multiple regression equations were presented to analyze whether HP infection was an independent risk factor for abnormal HDL-C metabolism in the population.Results:Univariate analysis demonstrated that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels were significantly lower in the HP+group compared to the HP−group,with a mean difference ofβ=−18.1 mg/dl(95%CI:−19.3 to−17.0,P<0.001).After adjusting for all variables,the HDL-C levels remained lower in the HP+group compared to the HP-group,with a mean difference ofβ=−17.4 mg/dl(95%CI:−18.2 to−16.7,P<0.001).These findings suggest that H.pylori infection is independently associated with abnormal HDL-C metabolism.Additionally,brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)was higher in the HP+group than in the HP−group on both sides.On the right side,the baPWV was 1,713.4±231.4 cm/s in the HP+group compared to 1,542.8±237.5 cm/s in the HP−group(t=−18.30,P<0.001).On the left side,the baPWV was 1,743.7±238.8 cm/s in the HP+group compared to 1,562.8±256.3 cm/s in the HP−group(t=−18.23,P<0.001).These results indicate a significant association between H.pylori infection and increased arterial stiffness,as measured by baPWV.Conclusion:Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and an increase in pulse wave conduction velocity.展开更多
Research on the mechanical–electrical properties is crucial for designing and preparing high-temperature superconducting(HTS)cables.Various winding core structures can influence the mechanical–electrical behavior of...Research on the mechanical–electrical properties is crucial for designing and preparing high-temperature superconducting(HTS)cables.Various winding core structures can influence the mechanical–electrical behavior of cables,but the impact of alterations in the winding core structure on the mechanical–electrical behavior of superconducting cables remains unclear.This paper presents a 3D finite element model to predict the performance of three cables with different core structures when subjected to transverse compression and axial tension.The three cables analyzed are CORC(conductor-on-round-core),CORT(conductor-on-round-tube),and HFRC(conductor-on-spiral-tube).A parametric analysis is carried out by varying the core diameter and inner-to-outer diameter ratio.Results indicate that the CORT cable demonstrates better performance in transverse compression compared to the CORC cable,aligning with experimental data.Among the three cables,the HFRC cables exhibit the weakest resistance to transverse deformation.However,the HFRC cable demonstrates superior tensile deformation resistance compared to the CORT cable,provided that the transverse compression properties are maintained.Finite element results also show that the optimum inner-to-outer diameter ratios for achieving the best transverse compression performance are approximately 0.8 for CORT cables and 0.6 for HFRC cables.Meanwhile,the study explores the effect of structural changes in HTS cable winding cores on their electromagnetic properties.It recommends utilizing small tape gaps,lower frequencies,and spiral core construction to minimize eddy losses.The findings presented in this paper offer valuable insights for the commercialization and practical manufacturing of HTS cables.展开更多
To investigate the wind⁃induced vibration re⁃sponse characteristics of multispan double⁃layer cable photo⁃voltaic(PV)support structures,wind tunnel tests using an aeroelastic model were carried out to obtain the wind⁃...To investigate the wind⁃induced vibration re⁃sponse characteristics of multispan double⁃layer cable photo⁃voltaic(PV)support structures,wind tunnel tests using an aeroelastic model were carried out to obtain the wind⁃induced vibration response data of a three⁃span four⁃row double⁃layer cable PV support system.The wind⁃induced vibration characteristics with different PV module tilt angles,wind speeds,and wind direction angles were analyzed.The results showed that the double⁃layer cable large⁃span flexible PV support can effectively control the wind⁃induced vibration response and prevent the occur⁃rence of flutter under strong wind conditions.The maxi⁃mum value of the wind⁃induced vibration displacement of the flexible PV support system occurs in the windward first row.The upstream module has a significant shading effect on the downstream module,with a maximum effect of 23%.The most unfavorable wind direction angles of the structure are 0°and 180°.The change of the wind direction angle in the range of 0°to 30°has little effect on the wind vi⁃bration response.The change in the tilt angle of the PV modules has a greater impact on the wind vibration in the downwind direction and a smaller impact in the upwind di⁃rection.Special attention should be paid to the structural wind⁃resistant design of such systems in the upwind side span.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 22278439,21776313)the Shandong Province Higher Education Youth Innovation Technology Support Program(Grant 2022KJ074)。
文摘Metal-support interactions and hydrogen spillover effects in heterogeneous catalysts play a crucial role in aromatic hydrogenation reactions;however,these effects are limited by the metal dispersion on the catalyst and the number of acceptable H*receptors.This study prepares highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles(NPs)catalysts on a Beta substrate via precursor structure topology transformation.In contrast to traditional support materials,the coordination and electronic structure changes between the Ni NPs and the support were achieved,further optimizing the active interface sites and enhancing hydrogen activation and hydrogenation performance.Additionally,the-OH groups at the strong acid sites in zeolite effectively intensified the hydrogen spillover effect as receptors for H^(*)migration and anchoring,accelerating the hydrogenation rate of aromatic rings.Under solvent-free conditions,this catalyst was used for the hydrogenation reaction of aromatic-rich oils,directly producing a C_(8)-C_(14)branched cycloalkanes mixture with an aromatic conversion rate of>99%.The cycloalkanes mixture produced by this method features high density(0.92 g/mL)and a low freezing point(<-60℃),making it suitable for use as high-density aviation fuel or as an additive to enhance the volumetric heat value of conventional aviation fuels in practical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52373045 and 52033005).
文摘In rotationally extruded fittings,high-density polyethylene(HDPE)pipes prepared using conventional processing methods often suffer from poor pressure resistance and low toughness.This study introduces an innovative rotary shear system(RSS)to address these deficiencies through controlled mandrel rotation and cooling rates.We successfully prepared self-reinforced HDPE pipes with a three-layer structure combining spherical and shish-kebab crystals.Rotational processing aligned the molecular chains in the ring direction and formed shish-kebab crystals.As a result,the annular tensile strength of the rotationally processed three-layer shish-kebab structure(TSK)pipe increased from 26.7 MPa to 76.3 MPa,an enhancement of 185.8%.Notably,while maintaining excellent tensile strength(73.4 MPa),the elongation at break of the spherulite shishkebab spherulite(SKS)tubes was improved to 50.1%,as compared to 33.8%in the case of shish-kebab spherulite shish-kebab(KSK)tubes.This improvement can be attributed to the changes in the micro-morphology and polymer structure within the SKS tubes,specifically due to the formation of small-sized shish-kebab crystals and the low degrees of interlocking.In addition,2D-SAXS analysis revealed that KSK tubes have higher tensile strength due to smaller crystal sizes and larger shish dimensions,forming dense interlocking structures.In contrast,the SKS and TSK tubes had thicker amorphous regions and smaller shish sizes,resulting in reduced interlocking and mechanical performance.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China under the Grant Nos.12127806 and 62175195the International Joint Research Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies。
文摘High-density interconnect(HDI)soft electronics that can integrate multiple individual functions into one miniaturized monolithic system is promising for applications related to smart healthcare,soft robotics,and human-machine interactions.However,despite the recent advances,the development of three-dimensional(3D)soft electronics with both high resolution and high integration is still challenging because of the lack of efficient manufacturing methods to guarantee interlayer alignment of the high-density vias and reliable interlayer electrical conductivity.Here,an advanced 3D laser printing pathway,based on femtosecond laser direct writing(FLDW),is demonstrated for preparing liquid metal(LM)-based any layer HDI soft electronics.FLDW technology,with the characteristics of high spatial resolution and high precision,allows the maskless fabrication of high-resolution embedded LM microchannels and high-density vertical interconnect accesses for 3D integrated circuits.High-aspect-ratio blind/through LM microstructures are formed inside the elastomer due to the supermetalphobicity induced during laser ablation.The LM-based HDI circuit featuring high resolution(~1.5μm)and high integration(10-layer electrical interconnection)is achieved for customized soft electronics,including various customized multilayer passive electric components,soft multilayer circuit,and cross-scale multimode sensors.The 3D laser printing method provides a versatile approach for developing chip-level soft electronics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2023YFA1609100)the NSFC Funding(U2141207,52171111,52001083)+6 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang(YQ2023E026)China Postdoctoral Science foundation(2024M754149)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20242192)support from the National Science Foundation(DMR-1611180 and 1809640)with the program directors,DrsHKU Seed Fund for Collaborative Research(#2207101618)support by Croucher Senior Research Fellowship and City U Project(Project No.9229019)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Project No.JCYJ20220818101203007)。
文摘Dislocation strengthening,as one of the methods to simultaneously enhance the room temperature strength and ductility of alloys,does not achieve the desired strengthening and plasticity effect during elevated-temperature deformation.Here,we report a novel strategy to boost the dislocation multiplication and accumulation during deformation at elevated temperatures through dynamic strain aging(DSA).With the introduction of the rare-earth element Ho in Mg-Y-Zn alloy,Ho atoms diffuse toward dislocations during deformation at elevated temperatures,provoking the DSA effect,which increases the dislocation density significantly via the interactions of mobile dislocations and Ho atoms.The resulting alloy achieves a great enhancement of dislocation hardening and obtains the dual benefits of high strength and good ductility simultaneously at high homologous temperatures.The present work provides an effective strategy to enhancing the strength and ductility for elevated-temperature materials.
基金funded by the Scientific and Technological Key Program of Guizhou Province, China (Qiankehezhicheng [2022] Key 031)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160483 and 32360497)+2 种基金the Post-Funded Project for the National Natural Science Foundation of China from Guizhou University ([2023]093)the Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province, China (Qiankehezhongyindi [2023]008)the Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions, China (Qianjiaoji [2023] 007)。
文摘Rapeseed mustard(Brassica juncea L.) is the third most important oilseed crop in the world, but the geneticmechanism underlying its massive phenotypic variation remains largely unexplored. In this study, specific length amplified fragment sequencing(SLAF-Seq) was used to resequence a population comprising 197 F8recombinantinbred lines(RILs) derived from a cross between vegetable-type Qichi881 and oilseed-type YufengZC of B. juncea. In total, 438,895 high-quality SLAFs were discovered, 47,644 of which were polymorphic, and 3,887 of the polymorphic markers met the requirements for genetic map construction. The final map included 3,887 markers on 18 linkage groups and was 1,830.23 centiMorgan(cM) in length, with an average distance of 0.47 cM between adjacent markers. Using the newly constructed high-density genetic map, a total of 53 QTLs for erucicacid(EA), oleic acid(OA), and linolenic acid(LNA) were detected and integrated into eight consensus QTLswith two for each of these traits. For each of these three traits, two candidate genes were cloned and sequence analysis indicated colocalization with their respective consensus QTLs. The co-dominant allele-specific markers for Bju.FAD3.A03 and Bju.FAD3.B07 were developed and showed co-localization with their consensus QTLs andco-segregation with LNA content, further supporting the results of QTL mapping and bioinformatic analysis. Theexpression levels of the cloned homologous genes were also determined, and the genes were tightly correlatedwith the EA, OA and LNA contents of different lines. The results of this study will facilitate the improvement offatty acid traits and molecular breeding of B. juncea. Further uses of the high-density genetic map created in this study are also discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72061006)the research on the auxiliary diagnosis system of chronic injury of levator scapulae based on the concept of digital twin(Contract No:Qian Kehe Support[2023]General 117)Research on indoor intelligent assisted walking robot for the rehabilitation of walking ability of the elderly(Contract No:Qian kehe Support[2023]General 124).
文摘Stroke survivors often face significant challenges when performing daily self-care activities due to upper limb motor impairments.Traditional surface electromyography(sEMG)analysis typically focuses on isolated hand postures,overlooking the complexity of object-interactive behaviors that are crucial for promoting patient independence.This study introduces a novel framework that combines high-density sEMG(HD-sEMG)signals with an improved Whale Optimization Algorithm(IWOA)-optimized Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)network to address this limitation.The key contributions of this work include:(1)the creation of a specialized HD-sEMG dataset that captures nine continuous self-care behaviors,along with time and posture markers,to better reflect real-world patient interactions;(2)the development of a multi-channel feature fusion module based on Pascal’s theorem,which enables efficient signal segmentation and spatial–temporal feature extraction;and(3)the enhancement of the IWOA algorithm,which integrates optimal point set initialization,a diversity-driven pooling mechanism,and cosine-based differential evolution to optimize LSTM hyperparameters,thereby improving convergence and global search capabilities.Experimental results demonstrate superior performance,achieving 99.58%accuracy in self-care behavior recognition and 86.19%accuracy for 17 continuous gestures on the Ninapro db2 benchmark.The framework operates with low latency,meeting the real-time requirements for assistive devices.By enabling precise,context-aware recognition of daily activities,this work advances personalized rehabilitation technologies,empowering stroke patients to regain autonomy in self-care tasks.The proposed methodology offers a robust,scalable solution for clinical applications,bridging the gap between laboratory-based gesture recognition and practical,patient-centered care.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(22276137,52170087)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XJEDU2023Z009).
文摘Despite the promising potential of transition metal oxides(TMOs)as capacitive deionization(CDI)electrodes,the actual capacity of TMOs electrodes for sodium storage is significantly lower than the theoretical capacity,posing a major obstacle.Herein,we prepared the kinetically favorable Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O electrode in situ growth on carbon felt(Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF)through constraining the rate of OH^(−)generation in the hydrothermal method.Zn_(x)Ni_(1−x)O@CF exhibited a high-density hierarchical nanosheet structure with three-dimensional open pores,benefitting the ion transport/electron transfer.And tuning the moderate amount of redox-inert Zn-doping can enhance surface electroactive sites,actual activity of redox-active Ni species,and lower adsorption energy,promoting the adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic of the Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF.Benefitting from the kinetic-thermodynamic facilitation mechanism,Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF achieved ultrahigh desalination capacity(128.9 mgNaCl g^(-1)),ultra-low energy consumption(0.164 kW h kgNaCl^(-1)),high salt removal rate(1.21 mgNaCl g^(-1) min^(-1)),and good cyclability.The thermodynamic facilitation and Na^(+)intercalation mechanism of Zn_(0.2)Ni_(0.8)O@CF are identified by the density functional theory calculations and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring,respectively.This research provides new insights into controlling electrochemically favorable morphology and demonstrates that Zn-doping,which is redox-inert,is essential for enhancing the electrochemical performance of CDI electrodes.
基金This work was funded by the Program for Industry Support of University in Gansu Province(No.2023CYZC-28)Major Science and Technology Projects of Gansu Province(No.22ZD6GA008)+2 种基金Key Research and Development Program of Gansu Province(No.22YF7GA156)Science Foundation for Youths of Gansu Province(No.23JRRA772)the Hong Liu First-class Discipline Construc-tion Plan of Lanzhou University of Technology.
文摘Tailoring high-density annealing twins in laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)-fabricated alloys based on their intrinsic residual stress requires high annealing temperatures and/or long-term annealing,result-ing in the abnormal growth of large recrystallized grains,which is detrimental to mechanical properties.This work proposes a new strategy for achieving a favorable strength-plasticity synergy of the LPBF-fabricated Inconel 718 superalloy by performing a deep cryogenic treatment(DCT)with the subsequent heat treatment(including annealing and double aging)to tailor fine grains with“high-density annealing twins+precipitates”architectures and compares the obtained material with an alloy subjected to a direct heat treatment without a prior DCT.The obtained results reveal that the additional internal stress gen-erated during DCT increases the stored energy and dislocation density,which provide a sufficient driving force for activating high-density annealing twin boundaries(63.2%)with fine grains(31.6μm)within a short annealing time.The more homogeneous tailored microstructure with the“finer grains+high-density twins+precipitates”architectures decreases the mean free path of slipping dislocations,pro-moting intensive interactions with dislocations and inducing a strong strain hardening effect.The mul-tiple deformation modes of stacking faults coupled with Lomer-Cottrell locks,thin primary deformation twins,and secondary twins activated during tensile loading,sustaining a strong work hardening ability and delaying the plastic instability,which exhibits a high strength(yield strength of 1088 MPa and tensile strength of 1369 MPa)and excellent plasticity(elongation of 30%).This work not only describes a fea-sible method for simultaneously enhancing the strength and plasticity in additively manufactured(AM)alloys but also provides new insights into increasing the fraction of twins at a small grain size to improve the grain boundary-related properties without destroying the AM alloy shape.
基金the support from National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2104400)the Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(21JCQNJC00340)the Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations for financial support。
文摘Lignin is the most abundant naturally phenolic biomass,and the synthesis of high-performance renewable fuel from lignin has attracted significant attention.We propose the efficient synthesis of high-density fuels using simulated lignin cracked oil in tandem with hydroalkylation and deoxygenation reactions.First,we investigated the reaction pathway for the hydroalkylation of phenol,which competes with the hydrodeoxygenation form cyclohexane.And then,we investigated the effects of metal catalyst types,the loading amount of metallic,acid dosage,and reactant ratio on the reaction results.The phenol hydroalkylation and hydrodeoxygenation were balanced when 180℃ and 5 MPa H_(2)with the alkanes yield of 95%.By extending the substrate to other lignin-derived phenolics and simulated lignin cracked oil,we obtained the polycyclic alkane fuel with high density of 0.918 g·ml^(-1)and calorific value of41.2 MJ·L^(-1).Besides,the fuel has good low-temperature properties(viscosity of 9.3 mm^(2)·s^(-1)at 20℃ and freezing point below-55℃),which is expected to be used as jet fuel.This work provides a promising way for the easy and green production of high-density fuel directly from real lignin oil.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2011700).
文摘In three-dimensional(3D)stacking,the thermal stress of through-silicon via(TSV)has a significant influence on chip performance and reliability,and this problem is exacerbated in high-density TSV arrays.In this study,a novel hollow tungsten TSV(W-TSV)is presented and developed.The hollow structure provides space for the release of thermal stress.Simulation results showed that the hollow W-TSV structure can release 60.3%of thermal stress within the top 2 lm from the surface,and thermal stress can be decreased to less than 20 MPa in the radial area of 3 lm.The ultra-high-density(1600 TSV∙mm2)TSV array with a size of 640×512,a pitch of 25 lm,and an aspect ratio of 20.3 was fabricated,and the test results demonstrated that the proposed TSV has excellent electrical and reliability performances.The average resistance of the TSV was 1.21 X.The leakage current was 643 pA and the breakdown voltage was greater than 100 V.The resistance change is less than 2%after 100 temperature cycles from40 to 125℃.Raman spectroscopy showed that the maximum stress on the wafer surface caused by the hollow W-TSV was 31.02 MPa,which means that there was no keep-out zone(KOZ)caused by the TSV array.These results indicate that this structure has great potential for applications in large-array photodetectors and 3D integrated circuits.
文摘BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease(CHD)and heart failure(HF)are the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Early and accurate diagnoses of CHD and HF are essential for optimal management and prognosis.However,conventional diagnostic methods such as electrocardiography,echocardiography,and cardiac biomarkers have certain limitations,such as low sensitivity,specificity,availability,and cost-effectiveness.Therefore,there is a need for simple,noninvasive,and reliable biomarkers to diagnose CHD and HF.AIM To investigate serum cystatin C(Cys-C),monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR),and uric acid(UA)diagnostic values for CHD and HF.METHODS We enrolled 80 patients with suspected CHD or HF who were admitted to our hospital between July 2022 and July 2023.The patients were divided into CHD(n=20),HF(n=20),CHD+HF(n=20),and control groups(n=20).The serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were measured using immunonephelometry and an enzymatic method,respectively,and the diagnostic values for CHD and HF were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.RESULTS Serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were significantly higher in the CHD,HF,and CHD+HF groups than those in the control group.The serum levels of Cys-C,MHR,and UA were significantly higher in the CHD+HF group than those in the CHD or HF group.The ROC curve analysis showed that serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA had good diagnostic performance for CHD and HF,with areas under the curve ranging from 0.78 to 0.93.The optimal cutoff values of serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA for diagnosing CHD,HF,and CHD+HF were 1.2 mg/L,0.9×10^(9),and 389μmol/L;1.4 mg/L,1.0×10^(9),and 449μmol/L;and 1.6 mg/L,1.1×10^(9),and 508μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Serum Cys-C,MHR,and UA are useful biomarkers for diagnosing CHD and HF,and CHD+HF.These can provide information for decision-making and risk stratification in patients with CHD and HF.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52273128,82003450)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2022A1515220048)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province(Nos.Guizhou Province-ZK[2022]General 300,Guizhou Province-ZK[2023]General 244)the Xiangshan Talented Scientific Research Foundation of Zhuhai People’s Hospital(No.2023XSYC-01)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment(No.2021B1212040004)。
文摘Developing natural nano-platforms with high biocompatibility and natural targeting ability represents great significance for drug delivery.High-density lipoprotein(HDL),a natural lipid-protein complex,plays important roles in physiological activities,particularly in reverse cholesterol transport(RCT)and be closely associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.Recent studies have demonstrated that HDLs have the potential to serve as ideal drug carriers.Recombinant HDLs(r HDLs)have been used to encapsulate substances such as small interfering RNA(siRNA),drugs,and contrast agents,fully utilizing the biocompatibility and targeting ability of r HDL in the body and providing new strategies for drug delivery and disease treatment.In this review,we discussed in detail the basic principles of HDL as a drug delivery system,the mechanisms of targeted drug delivery,and several methods for preparing HDL nanoparticles.Afterward,we comprehensively reviewed the applications of HDL as a drug carrier in cardiovascular diseases,cancer treatment(such as glioblastoma,breast cancer,hepatocellular carcinoma and urologic cancers)and some other fields.Finally,we reviewed the therapeutic effects and safety of HDL nanoparticles in clinical studies.Through a review and summary of these research advances,we aim to fully understand the potential of HDL as a drug carrier in clinical applications,providing valuable references and guidance for future research and expedites the translational application of HDL as drug carriers.
基金Project supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA_(2)5051000)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFA1608400)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12005008)the Natural Science Foundation of Top Talent of SZTU(Grant No.GDRC202209).
文摘A model for fast electron-driven high-density plasma is proposed to describe the effect of injected fast electrons on the temperature and inner pressure of the plasma in the fast heating process of the double-cone ignition(DCI)scheme.Due to the collision of the two low-density plasmas,the density and volume of the high-density plasma vary.Therefore,the ignition temperature and energy requirement of the high-density plasma vary at different moments,and the required energy for hot electrons to heat the plasma also changes.In practical experiments,the energy input of hot electrons needs to be considered.To reduce the energy input of hot electrons,the optimal moment and the shortest time for injecting hot electrons with minimum energy are analyzed.In this paper,it is proposed to inject hot electrons for a short time to heat the high-density plasma to a relatively high temperature.Then,the alpha particles with the high heating rate and PdV work heat the plasma to the ignition temperature,further reducing the energy required to inject hot electrons.The study of the injection time of fast electrons can reduce the energy requirement of fast electrons for the high-density plasma and increase the probability of successful ignition of the high-density plasma.
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Clinical Research of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital(No.2023-LCYJPY-37).
文摘AIM:To evaluate the relationship between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(MHR)and the disease activity of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO).METHODS:A total of 87 patients were classified into two groups based on clinical activity score(CAS)scoring criteria:high CAS group(n=62,the CAS score was≥3);low CAS group(n=25,the CAS score was<3).In addition,a group of healthy people(n=114)were included to compared the MHR.Proptosis,MHR,average signal intensity ratio(SIR),average lacrimal gland(LG)-SIR,average extraocular muscles(EOM)area from 87 patients with TAO were calculated in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and compared between these two groups.Correlation testing was utilized to evaluate the association of parameters among the clinical variables.RESULTS:Patients in high CAS group had a higher proptosis(P=0.041)and MHR(P=0.048).Compared to the healthy group,the MHR in the TAO group was higher(P=0.001).Correlation testing declared that CAS score was strongly associated with proptosis and average SIR,and MHR was positively associated with CAS score,average SIR,and average LG-SIR.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of MHR was 0.6755.CONCLUSION:MHR,a novel inflammatory biomarker,has a significant association with CAS score and MRI imaging(average SIR and LG-SIR)and it can be a new promising predictor during the active phase of TAO.
文摘BACKGROUND Intracranial high-density areas(HDAs)have attracted considerable attention for predicting clinical outcomes;however,whether HDAs predict worse neurological function and mental health remains controversial and unclear,which requires further investigation.In this prospective study,96 patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)who accepted endovascular mechanical thrombectomy(EMT)were included.The enrolled patients underwent cranial computed tomography(CT)examination within 24 hours after EMT.Clinical data in terms of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),the 3-month modified Rankin Scale(mRS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)scores were collected and compared between patients with HDAs and non-HDAs and between patients with good and poor clinical prognosis.Compared to patients without HDAs,patients with HDAs presented severe neurological deficits(admission NIHSS score:18±3 vs 19±4),were more likely to have post-stroke disabilities(mRS<3:35%vs 62%),and suffered more severe depression(SDS score:58±16 vs 64±13)and anxiety disorder(SAS score:52±8 vs 59±10).Compared to patients with a good prognosis,patients with a poor prognosis presented severe neurological deficits(admission NIHSS score:17±4 vs 20±3),were more likely to have HDAs on CT images(64%vs 33%),and suffered more severe depression(SDS score:55±19 vs 65±11)and anxiety(SAS score:50±8 vs 58±12).Multivariate analysis revealed that HDAs were independent nega-tive prognostic factors.CONCLUSION In conclusion,HDAs on CT images predicted poor prognosis and severe depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with AIS who underwent EMT.
文摘The development of high-performance oxygen evolution reaction catalysts with low iridium content is the key to the scale-up of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer(PEMWE)for green hydrogen production.Single-site electrocatalysts with maximized atomic efficiency are held as promising candidates but still suffer from inadequate activity and stability in practical electrolyzer due to the low site density.Here,we proposed a NaNO_(3)-assistant thermal decomposition strategy for the preparation of high-density Ir single sites on MnO_(2)substrate(NaNO_(3)-H-Ir-MnO_(2)).Direct spectroscopic evidence suggests the inclusion of NaNO_(3)accelerates the transformation of Ir-Cl to Ir-O coordination,thus generating uniform dispersed high-density Ir single sites in the products.The optimized H-Ir-MnO_(2)demonstrates not only high intrinsic activity in a three-electrode set-up but also boosted performance in scalable PEMWE,requiring a cell voltage of only 1.74 V to attain a high current density of 2 A cm^(-2)at a low Ir loading of 0.18 mgIr cm^(-2).This work offers a new insight for enhancing the industrial practicality of Ir-based single site catalysts.
基金The Sichuan Medical and Health Care Promotion Institute Research Project(KY2022SJ0100).
文摘Background:Helicobacter pylori(HP)is associated with several gastrointestinal diseases,including peptic ulcer diseases and gastric cancer,and non-gastrointestinal diseases such as hypertension and Alzheimer's disease.However,the relationship between HP and lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis remains unclear.This study aims to investigate the association between H.pylori infection and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and pulse wave conduction velocity.Methods:This is a report of a cross-sectional study that collected data from 2,827 participants.The data collected included results of life questionnaires,laboratory tests,13C-urea breath test(13C-UBT),and pulse wave conduction velocity test.Based on the results of the 13C-UBT test,the subjects were divided into two groups:the HP-uninfected group(HP−)and the HP-infected group(HP+).The study compared the differences in HDL-C levels and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)between the two groups.One-way regression analysis was used to identify potential factors affecting HDL-C levels in the study population.Multiple regression equations were presented to analyze whether HP infection was an independent risk factor for abnormal HDL-C metabolism in the population.Results:Univariate analysis demonstrated that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels were significantly lower in the HP+group compared to the HP−group,with a mean difference ofβ=−18.1 mg/dl(95%CI:−19.3 to−17.0,P<0.001).After adjusting for all variables,the HDL-C levels remained lower in the HP+group compared to the HP-group,with a mean difference ofβ=−17.4 mg/dl(95%CI:−18.2 to−16.7,P<0.001).These findings suggest that H.pylori infection is independently associated with abnormal HDL-C metabolism.Additionally,brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)was higher in the HP+group than in the HP−group on both sides.On the right side,the baPWV was 1,713.4±231.4 cm/s in the HP+group compared to 1,542.8±237.5 cm/s in the HP−group(t=−18.30,P<0.001).On the left side,the baPWV was 1,743.7±238.8 cm/s in the HP+group compared to 1,562.8±256.3 cm/s in the HP−group(t=−18.23,P<0.001).These results indicate a significant association between H.pylori infection and increased arterial stiffness,as measured by baPWV.Conclusion:Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and an increase in pulse wave conduction velocity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12072136).
文摘Research on the mechanical–electrical properties is crucial for designing and preparing high-temperature superconducting(HTS)cables.Various winding core structures can influence the mechanical–electrical behavior of cables,but the impact of alterations in the winding core structure on the mechanical–electrical behavior of superconducting cables remains unclear.This paper presents a 3D finite element model to predict the performance of three cables with different core structures when subjected to transverse compression and axial tension.The three cables analyzed are CORC(conductor-on-round-core),CORT(conductor-on-round-tube),and HFRC(conductor-on-spiral-tube).A parametric analysis is carried out by varying the core diameter and inner-to-outer diameter ratio.Results indicate that the CORT cable demonstrates better performance in transverse compression compared to the CORC cable,aligning with experimental data.Among the three cables,the HFRC cables exhibit the weakest resistance to transverse deformation.However,the HFRC cable demonstrates superior tensile deformation resistance compared to the CORT cable,provided that the transverse compression properties are maintained.Finite element results also show that the optimum inner-to-outer diameter ratios for achieving the best transverse compression performance are approximately 0.8 for CORT cables and 0.6 for HFRC cables.Meanwhile,the study explores the effect of structural changes in HTS cable winding cores on their electromagnetic properties.It recommends utilizing small tape gaps,lower frequencies,and spiral core construction to minimize eddy losses.The findings presented in this paper offer valuable insights for the commercialization and practical manufacturing of HTS cables.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52338011).
文摘To investigate the wind⁃induced vibration re⁃sponse characteristics of multispan double⁃layer cable photo⁃voltaic(PV)support structures,wind tunnel tests using an aeroelastic model were carried out to obtain the wind⁃induced vibration response data of a three⁃span four⁃row double⁃layer cable PV support system.The wind⁃induced vibration characteristics with different PV module tilt angles,wind speeds,and wind direction angles were analyzed.The results showed that the double⁃layer cable large⁃span flexible PV support can effectively control the wind⁃induced vibration response and prevent the occur⁃rence of flutter under strong wind conditions.The maxi⁃mum value of the wind⁃induced vibration displacement of the flexible PV support system occurs in the windward first row.The upstream module has a significant shading effect on the downstream module,with a maximum effect of 23%.The most unfavorable wind direction angles of the structure are 0°and 180°.The change of the wind direction angle in the range of 0°to 30°has little effect on the wind vi⁃bration response.The change in the tilt angle of the PV modules has a greater impact on the wind vibration in the downwind direction and a smaller impact in the upwind di⁃rection.Special attention should be paid to the structural wind⁃resistant design of such systems in the upwind side span.
