Fast development of nuclear power plants requires sustainable support of uranium for nuclear fuel.Uranium is the most critical radionuclide to prepare nuclear fuel.However,the extraction of low concentration of uraniu...Fast development of nuclear power plants requires sustainable support of uranium for nuclear fuel.Uranium is the most critical radionuclide to prepare nuclear fuel.However,the extraction of low concentration of uranium in uranium ore or complex systems needs highly efficient selective binding of uranium in the presence of other competing metal ions.The excellent oxidative capacity of excited*UO_(2)^(2+)active species makes uranyl-based materials high photocatalytic performance in phototransformation of organic chemicals into high valuable products under visible light irradiation.In this mini review,the selective preconcentration of uranium through photocatalytic and electrocatalytic strategies was mainly described.The application of uranyl-based materials in photocatalytic conversion and degradation of organic pollutants was summarized.This review reports the utilization of uranium from its first step(i.e.,extraction of uranium for nuclear fuel supply)to its last additional application(i.e.,uranyl-based materials as photocatalysts in transformation and conversion of organic pollutants for environmental pollution treatment)from the viewpoint of“turning uranium wastes into treasure,from waste recycling to reutilization.”In the end of this review,the challenges and perspectives of uranium separation and catalytic properties were described.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to explore an effective method for rapid salt- extraction of high-quality genomic DNA from dried seeds of plants. [Method] Seeds of seven varieties of crops were ground into powder. A hund...[Objective] This study aimed to explore an effective method for rapid salt- extraction of high-quality genomic DNA from dried seeds of plants. [Method] Seeds of seven varieties of crops were ground into powder. A hundred milligrams of seed powder was added to extracting solution for high salt-extraction of genomic DNA. The yield and quality of extracted DNA were determined by using ultramicro UV/Vis spectrophotometer detection method, PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. [Result] About 619.67-1 811.21 ng of genomic DNA was extracted from per 100 mg of dried seed powder of seven varieties of conventional crops. A260/A280 ratios of the obtained DNA solution all ranged from 1.87 to 2.07, the purity and quality of PCR were suitable for PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. Clear target bands of specific endogenous gene fragments of seven varieties of crops were amplified by PCR, and the obtained DNA could be fully digested with EcoRV and Hindlll.[Conclusion] This method could be used for rapid extraction of high-quality genomic DNA from dried seeds.展开更多
With the worldwide rise in electric vehicles, the demand for lithium batteries is increasing day by day. In 2015, China＇s new energy vehicles developed rapidly, and the price of lithium carbonate rose from fifty or s...With the worldwide rise in electric vehicles, the demand for lithium batteries is increasing day by day. In 2015, China＇s new energy vehicles developed rapidly, and the price of lithium carbonate rose from fifty or sixty thousand yuan per ton to 150 thousand yuan. In the past, lithium was often extracted from spodumene （LiAlSi2O6）, which is time consuming, laborious and expensive. Over the past decade, abundant lithium has been discovered in brackish and salt water lakes, which is an important way to obtain lithium resources.展开更多
The procedures of ultrasonic extraction and clean-up were optimized for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine sediments. Samples were ultrasonically extracted, and the extracts were pu...The procedures of ultrasonic extraction and clean-up were optimized for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine sediments. Samples were ultrasonically extracted, and the extracts were purified with a miniaturized silica gel chromatographic column and analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector. Ultrasonication with methanol-dichloromethane (2:1, v/v) mixture gave higher extraction efficiency than that with dichloromethane. Among the three elution solvents used in clean-up step, dichloromethane-hexane (2:3, v/v) mixture was the most satisfactory. Under the optimized conditions, the recoveries in the range of 54.82% to 94.70% with RSDs of 3.02% to 23.22% for a spiked blank, and in the range of 61.20% to 127.08% with RSDs of 7.61% to 26.93% for a spiked matrix, were obtained for the 15 PAHs studied, while the recoveries for a NIST standard reference SRM 1941b were in the range of 50.79% to 83.78% with RSDs of 5.24% to 21.38%. The detection limits were between 0.75 ng L-1 and 10.99 ng L-1for different PAHs. A sample from the Jiaozhou Bay area was examined to test the established methods.展开更多
1 Introduction As the lightest metal with the unique properties of energy production and storage,lithium is regarded as the new century energy metal.Lithium and its compounds were widely used in various industrial fie...1 Introduction As the lightest metal with the unique properties of energy production and storage,lithium is regarded as the new century energy metal.Lithium and its compounds were widely used in various industrial fields,especially in展开更多
In order to improve depth extraction accuracy, a method using moving array lenslet technique(MALT) in pickup stage is proposed, which can decrease the depth interval caused by pixelation. In this method, the lenslet a...In order to improve depth extraction accuracy, a method using moving array lenslet technique(MALT) in pickup stage is proposed, which can decrease the depth interval caused by pixelation. In this method, the lenslet array is moved along the horizontal and vertical directions simultaneously for N times in a pitch to get N sets of elemental images. Computational integral imaging reconstruction method for MALT is taken to obtain the slice images of the 3 D scene, and the sum modulus(SMD) blur metric is taken on these slice images to achieve the depth information of the 3 D scene. Simulation and optical experiments are carried out to verify the feasibility of this method.展开更多
Female Wister rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into sham operation group, ovariectomized （OVX） control group, and 20VX groups fed with soy isoflavone crude extract supplementation. The rats had free access to...Female Wister rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into sham operation group, ovariectomized （OVX） control group, and 20VX groups fed with soy isoflavone crude extract supplementation. The rats had free access to high fat diet and water for 9 weeks. No significant difference was found in body weight （BW）, total abdominal fat, food intake and food utilization rate between OVX control group and 20VX groups. However, the fasting blood glucose and blood lipid levels were significantly higher in 20VX groups than in OVX control group （P〈0.05）. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test （IGTI＂） showed that the area under AUC was smaller in 20VX groups than in OVX control group （P〈0.05）. These findings showed that soy isoflavone crude extract supplementation can improve glucose tolerance and prevent high fat diet-induced insulin resistance in ovariectomized rats.展开更多
In this work, a metal-organic framework derived nanoporous carbon （MOF-5-C） was fabricated and modified with Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. The resulting magnetic MOF-5-derived porous carbon （Fe304@MOF-5-C） was the...In this work, a metal-organic framework derived nanoporous carbon （MOF-5-C） was fabricated and modified with Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. The resulting magnetic MOF-5-derived porous carbon （Fe304@MOF-5-C） was then used for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of chlorophenols （CPs） from mushroom samples prior to high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption were used to characterize the adsorbent. After experimental optimization, the amount of the adsorbent was chosen as 8.0 mg, extraction time as 10 min, sample volume as 50 mL, desorption solvent as 0.4 mL （0.2 mL × 2） of alkaline methanol, and sample pH as 6. Under the above optimized conditions, good linearity for the analytes was obtained in the range of 0.8-100.0 ng g 1 with the correlation coefficients between 0.9923 and 0.9963. The limits of detection （SIN= 3） were in the range of 0.25-0.30 ng g-1, and the relative standard deviations were below 6.8%. The result showed that the Fe304@MOF-5-C has an excellent adsorption capacity for the analytes.展开更多
An improved method for trace level quantification of dicyandiamide in stream water has been developed. This method includes sample pretreatment using solid phase extraction.The extraction procedure（including loading,...An improved method for trace level quantification of dicyandiamide in stream water has been developed. This method includes sample pretreatment using solid phase extraction.The extraction procedure（including loading, washing, and eluting） used a flow rate of1.0 m L/min, and dicyandiamide was eluted with 20 m L of a methanol/acetonitrile mixture（V/V = 2：3）, followed by pre-concentration using nitrogen evaporation and analysis with high performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet spectroscopy（HPLC–UV）. Sample extraction was carried out using a Waters Sep-Pak AC-2 Cartridge（with activated carbon）.Separation was achieved on a ZIC-Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography（ZIC-HILIC）（50 mm × 2.1 mm, 3.5 μm） chromatography column and quantification was accomplished based on UV absorbance. A reliable linear relationship was obtained for the calibration curve using standard solutions（R^2〉 0.999）. Recoveries for dicyandiamide ranged from 84.6% to 96.8%, and the relative standard deviations（RSDs, n = 3） were below 6.1% with a detection limit of 5.0 ng/m L for stream water samples.展开更多
Separation of vanadium from black shale leaching solution at low pH is very meaningful,which can effectively avoid the generation of alkali neutralization slag and the resulting vanadium loss.In this study,coordinatio...Separation of vanadium from black shale leaching solution at low pH is very meaningful,which can effectively avoid the generation of alkali neutralization slag and the resulting vanadium loss.In this study,coordination mechanism of vanadium in acid leaching solution at low pH was investigated with the intervention of chloride ions.Under the conditions of pH 0.8,di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid concentration of 20%,phase ratio of 1:2,and extraction time of 8 min,the vanadium extraction could reach 80.00%.The Fourier transform infrared and electrospray ionization results reveal that,despite the fact that the chloride ion in the leachate could significantly promote vanadium extraction,the chloride ion does not enter the organic phase,indicating an intriguing phenomenon.Among Cl^(-)-V,SO_(4)^(2-)-V,and H_(2)O-V,the V-Cl bond is longer and the potential difference between coordinate ions and vanadium is smaller.Therefore,Vo^(2+)gets easily desorbed with chloride ions and enter the organic phase.At the same time,the hydrogen ions of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid also enter the water phase more easily,which reduces the pH required for the extraction reaction.展开更多
Phellodendron amurense has been used for many years as a medical plant in traditional Chinese medicine and has shown great prospect in recent clinical trials for future applications. Berberine is an essential active c...Phellodendron amurense has been used for many years as a medical plant in traditional Chinese medicine and has shown great prospect in recent clinical trials for future applications. Berberine is an essential active compound contained in P. amurense. Our objective in this study was to quantify the content of berberine in P.amurense from sites at different elevations on Changbai Mountain. We collected samples of P. amurense from five different elevations on Changbai Mountain. Berberine in samples was extracted by ultrahigh pressure extraction（UPE）. And the quantity was measured by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. First, the optimal HPLC conditions for berberine were identified with satisfactory precision（relative standard deviation, R SD／5.6 %）, good accuracy（relative error, R E／ 3.6 %） and good linear relation（R2= 0.9998） in the range of 6.576–328.8 mg L-1. Second, the combination of UPE and HPLC methods in quantitative analysis of berberine showed high repeatability（R SD= 3.28 %）, reproducibility（R SD= 4.72 %）,stability（R SD／ 1.27 %） and good recovery（99.54 %） for real plant materials. Samples from Heilongjiang Province at the lowest elevation contained the highest amount of berberine.Similarly, the lowest amount of berberine was recorded in samples from Changbai Forest Bureau of Jilin Province collected at the highest elevation in this paper. The proposed UPE–HPLC method is simple, reliable and low-cost for quantitative analysis of berberine. Content of berberine in P.amurense varied significantly by site on Changbai Mountain.展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U24B20195,U23A20105,U2341289,22341602,22327807)was acknowledged.
文摘Fast development of nuclear power plants requires sustainable support of uranium for nuclear fuel.Uranium is the most critical radionuclide to prepare nuclear fuel.However,the extraction of low concentration of uranium in uranium ore or complex systems needs highly efficient selective binding of uranium in the presence of other competing metal ions.The excellent oxidative capacity of excited*UO_(2)^(2+)active species makes uranyl-based materials high photocatalytic performance in phototransformation of organic chemicals into high valuable products under visible light irradiation.In this mini review,the selective preconcentration of uranium through photocatalytic and electrocatalytic strategies was mainly described.The application of uranyl-based materials in photocatalytic conversion and degradation of organic pollutants was summarized.This review reports the utilization of uranium from its first step(i.e.,extraction of uranium for nuclear fuel supply)to its last additional application(i.e.,uranyl-based materials as photocatalysts in transformation and conversion of organic pollutants for environmental pollution treatment)from the viewpoint of“turning uranium wastes into treasure,from waste recycling to reutilization.”In the end of this review,the challenges and perspectives of uranium separation and catalytic properties were described.
基金Supported by Project of Common Safety Assessment Technology for Genetically Modified Organisms of the Ministry of Agriculture of PRC (2011ZX08011-006)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to explore an effective method for rapid salt- extraction of high-quality genomic DNA from dried seeds of plants. [Method] Seeds of seven varieties of crops were ground into powder. A hundred milligrams of seed powder was added to extracting solution for high salt-extraction of genomic DNA. The yield and quality of extracted DNA were determined by using ultramicro UV/Vis spectrophotometer detection method, PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. [Result] About 619.67-1 811.21 ng of genomic DNA was extracted from per 100 mg of dried seed powder of seven varieties of conventional crops. A260/A280 ratios of the obtained DNA solution all ranged from 1.87 to 2.07, the purity and quality of PCR were suitable for PCR and restriction enzyme digestion. Clear target bands of specific endogenous gene fragments of seven varieties of crops were amplified by PCR, and the obtained DNA could be fully digested with EcoRV and Hindlll.[Conclusion] This method could be used for rapid extraction of high-quality genomic DNA from dried seeds.
文摘With the worldwide rise in electric vehicles, the demand for lithium batteries is increasing day by day. In 2015, China＇s new energy vehicles developed rapidly, and the price of lithium carbonate rose from fifty or sixty thousand yuan per ton to 150 thousand yuan. In the past, lithium was often extracted from spodumene （LiAlSi2O6）, which is time consuming, laborious and expensive. Over the past decade, abundant lithium has been discovered in brackish and salt water lakes, which is an important way to obtain lithium resources.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.20775074)
文摘The procedures of ultrasonic extraction and clean-up were optimized for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine sediments. Samples were ultrasonically extracted, and the extracts were purified with a miniaturized silica gel chromatographic column and analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector. Ultrasonication with methanol-dichloromethane (2:1, v/v) mixture gave higher extraction efficiency than that with dichloromethane. Among the three elution solvents used in clean-up step, dichloromethane-hexane (2:3, v/v) mixture was the most satisfactory. Under the optimized conditions, the recoveries in the range of 54.82% to 94.70% with RSDs of 3.02% to 23.22% for a spiked blank, and in the range of 61.20% to 127.08% with RSDs of 7.61% to 26.93% for a spiked matrix, were obtained for the 15 PAHs studied, while the recoveries for a NIST standard reference SRM 1941b were in the range of 50.79% to 83.78% with RSDs of 5.24% to 21.38%. The detection limits were between 0.75 ng L-1 and 10.99 ng L-1for different PAHs. A sample from the Jiaozhou Bay area was examined to test the established methods.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21276194)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Chinese Higher Education (20101208110003)the Key Pillar Program of Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology (11ZCKGX02800)
文摘1 Introduction As the lightest metal with the unique properties of energy production and storage,lithium is regarded as the new century energy metal.Lithium and its compounds were widely used in various industrial fields,especially in
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11474169 and 61675100)the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(No.15JCYBJC16900)
文摘In order to improve depth extraction accuracy, a method using moving array lenslet technique(MALT) in pickup stage is proposed, which can decrease the depth interval caused by pixelation. In this method, the lenslet array is moved along the horizontal and vertical directions simultaneously for N times in a pitch to get N sets of elemental images. Computational integral imaging reconstruction method for MALT is taken to obtain the slice images of the 3 D scene, and the sum modulus(SMD) blur metric is taken on these slice images to achieve the depth information of the 3 D scene. Simulation and optical experiments are carried out to verify the feasibility of this method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30972439)Bureau of Health Foundation,Heilongjiang Province(2006-300),(2012-768)Youth Fund of School of Public Health,HMU
文摘Female Wister rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into sham operation group, ovariectomized （OVX） control group, and 20VX groups fed with soy isoflavone crude extract supplementation. The rats had free access to high fat diet and water for 9 weeks. No significant difference was found in body weight （BW）, total abdominal fat, food intake and food utilization rate between OVX control group and 20VX groups. However, the fasting blood glucose and blood lipid levels were significantly higher in 20VX groups than in OVX control group （P〈0.05）. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test （IGTI＂） showed that the area under AUC was smaller in 20VX groups than in OVX control group （P〈0.05）. These findings showed that soy isoflavone crude extract supplementation can improve glucose tolerance and prevent high fat diet-induced insulin resistance in ovariectomized rats.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31471643, 31571925)the Innovation Research Program of the Department of Education of Hebei for Hebei Provincial Universities (No. LJRC009)
文摘In this work, a metal-organic framework derived nanoporous carbon （MOF-5-C） was fabricated and modified with Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. The resulting magnetic MOF-5-derived porous carbon （Fe304@MOF-5-C） was then used for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of chlorophenols （CPs） from mushroom samples prior to high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption were used to characterize the adsorbent. After experimental optimization, the amount of the adsorbent was chosen as 8.0 mg, extraction time as 10 min, sample volume as 50 mL, desorption solvent as 0.4 mL （0.2 mL × 2） of alkaline methanol, and sample pH as 6. Under the above optimized conditions, good linearity for the analytes was obtained in the range of 0.8-100.0 ng g 1 with the correlation coefficients between 0.9923 and 0.9963. The limits of detection （SIN= 3） were in the range of 0.25-0.30 ng g-1, and the relative standard deviations were below 6.8%. The result showed that the Fe304@MOF-5-C has an excellent adsorption capacity for the analytes.
基金Department of Chemistry at Mississippi State University for financial support for this project
文摘An improved method for trace level quantification of dicyandiamide in stream water has been developed. This method includes sample pretreatment using solid phase extraction.The extraction procedure（including loading, washing, and eluting） used a flow rate of1.0 m L/min, and dicyandiamide was eluted with 20 m L of a methanol/acetonitrile mixture（V/V = 2：3）, followed by pre-concentration using nitrogen evaporation and analysis with high performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet spectroscopy（HPLC–UV）. Sample extraction was carried out using a Waters Sep-Pak AC-2 Cartridge（with activated carbon）.Separation was achieved on a ZIC-Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography（ZIC-HILIC）（50 mm × 2.1 mm, 3.5 μm） chromatography column and quantification was accomplished based on UV absorbance. A reliable linear relationship was obtained for the calibration curve using standard solutions（R^2〉 0.999）. Recoveries for dicyandiamide ranged from 84.6% to 96.8%, and the relative standard deviations（RSDs, n = 3） were below 6.1% with a detection limit of 5.0 ng/m L for stream water samples.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFC1909700)the Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51974207 and 51774215).
文摘Separation of vanadium from black shale leaching solution at low pH is very meaningful,which can effectively avoid the generation of alkali neutralization slag and the resulting vanadium loss.In this study,coordination mechanism of vanadium in acid leaching solution at low pH was investigated with the intervention of chloride ions.Under the conditions of pH 0.8,di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid concentration of 20%,phase ratio of 1:2,and extraction time of 8 min,the vanadium extraction could reach 80.00%.The Fourier transform infrared and electrospray ionization results reveal that,despite the fact that the chloride ion in the leachate could significantly promote vanadium extraction,the chloride ion does not enter the organic phase,indicating an intriguing phenomenon.Among Cl^(-)-V,SO_(4)^(2-)-V,and H_(2)O-V,the V-Cl bond is longer and the potential difference between coordinate ions and vanadium is smaller.Therefore,Vo^(2+)gets easily desorbed with chloride ions and enter the organic phase.At the same time,the hydrogen ions of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid also enter the water phase more easily,which reduces the pH required for the extraction reaction.
基金supported by the 12th five-year National Science and Technology plan of China(2012BAC01B03)the 111 Project of China(B13007)
文摘Phellodendron amurense has been used for many years as a medical plant in traditional Chinese medicine and has shown great prospect in recent clinical trials for future applications. Berberine is an essential active compound contained in P. amurense. Our objective in this study was to quantify the content of berberine in P.amurense from sites at different elevations on Changbai Mountain. We collected samples of P. amurense from five different elevations on Changbai Mountain. Berberine in samples was extracted by ultrahigh pressure extraction（UPE）. And the quantity was measured by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. First, the optimal HPLC conditions for berberine were identified with satisfactory precision（relative standard deviation, R SD／5.6 %）, good accuracy（relative error, R E／ 3.6 %） and good linear relation（R2= 0.9998） in the range of 6.576–328.8 mg L-1. Second, the combination of UPE and HPLC methods in quantitative analysis of berberine showed high repeatability（R SD= 3.28 %）, reproducibility（R SD= 4.72 %）,stability（R SD／ 1.27 %） and good recovery（99.54 %） for real plant materials. Samples from Heilongjiang Province at the lowest elevation contained the highest amount of berberine.Similarly, the lowest amount of berberine was recorded in samples from Changbai Forest Bureau of Jilin Province collected at the highest elevation in this paper. The proposed UPE–HPLC method is simple, reliable and low-cost for quantitative analysis of berberine. Content of berberine in P.amurense varied significantly by site on Changbai Mountain.
