A rapid method to determine glutamic acid (Glu) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by capillaryelectrophoresis with high frequency conductivity detection (contactless conductivity detection) wasdescribed. The CSF sample was...A rapid method to determine glutamic acid (Glu) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by capillaryelectrophoresis with high frequency conductivity detection (contactless conductivity detection) wasdescribed. The CSF sample was pretreated with silver cation resin to remove high concentration ofCl- ions in CSF. The separation was achieved in the buffer solution of 10 mmol/L Tris and 8mmol/L boric acid at the separation voltage of 20.0 kV. Glu showed linear response in the range of5.0×10-6 to 6.0×10-3 mol/L, the limit of detection was 1.0×10-6 mol/L. The method was used foranalysis Glu in CSF satisfactorily with a recovery of 97.8-98.8%.展开更多
A novel analytical method was developed for determining morpholinium cations lacking ultraviolet absorption groups.This determination was carried out by high performance liquid chromatographyindirect ultraviolet（HPLC...A novel analytical method was developed for determining morpholinium cations lacking ultraviolet absorption groups.This determination was carried out by high performance liquid chromatographyindirect ultraviolet（HPLC-1UV） detection using imidazolium ionic liquid as background absorption reagents,and imidazolium ionic liquid aq.soln.-organic solvent as mobile phase by a reversed-phase C18 column.The background ultraviolet absorption reagents,imidazolium ionic liquids and organic solvents were investigated.The imidazolium ionic liquid in the mobile phase is not only the background ultraviolet absorption reagent for IUV,but also an active component to improve the separation of morpholinium cations.It was found that morpholinium cations could be adequately determined when0.5 mmol/L 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate aq.soln./methanol（80：20,v/v） was used as mobile phase with an IUV detection wavelength of 210 nm.In this study,the baseline separation of Nmethyl,ethylmorpholinium cations（MEMo） and N-methyl.propylmorpholinium cations（MPMo） was successfully achieved in 8.5 min.The detection limits（S/N = 3） for MEMo and MPMo were 0.15 and0.29 mg/L,respectively.This simple and practical method has been successfully applied to the determination of two morpholinium ionic liquids synthesized by the chemistry laboratory.展开更多
Gallium nitride- （GaN） based high electron mobility transistors （HEMTs） provide a good platform for biological detection. In this work, both Au-gated AlInN/GaN HEMT and AlGaN/GaN HEMT biosensors are fabricated for...Gallium nitride- （GaN） based high electron mobility transistors （HEMTs） provide a good platform for biological detection. In this work, both Au-gated AlInN/GaN HEMT and AlGaN/GaN HEMT biosensors are fabricated for the detection of deoxyribonucleic acid （DNA） hybridization. The Au-gated AIInN/GaN HEMT biosensor exhibits higher sensitivity in comparison with the AlGaN/GaN HEMT biosensor. For the former, the drain-source current （VDS = 0.5 V） shows a clear decrease of 69μA upon the introduction of 1μmolL^-1 （μM） complimentary DNA to the probe DNA at the sensor area, while for the latter it is only 38 μA. This current reduction is a notable indication of the hybridization. The high sensitivity can be attributed to the thinner barrier of the AlInN/GaN heterostructure, which makes the two-dimensional electron gas channel more susceptible to a slight change of the surface charge.展开更多
Conventional superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors(SNSPDs)have been typically limited in their applications due to their size,weight,and power consumption,which confine their use to laboratory settings.Howe...Conventional superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors(SNSPDs)have been typically limited in their applications due to their size,weight,and power consumption,which confine their use to laboratory settings.However,with the rapid development of remote imaging,sensing technologies,and long-range quantum communication with fewer topographical constraints,the demand for high-efficiency single-photon detectors integrated with avionic platforms is rapidly growing.We herein designed and manufactured the first drone-based SNSPD system with a system detection efficiency(SDE)as high as 91.8%.This drone-based system incorporates high-performance NbTiN SNSPDs,a self-developed miniature liquid helium dewar,and custom-built integrated electrical setups,making it capable of being launched in complex topographical conditions.Such a drone-based SNSPD system may open the use of SNSPDs for applications that demand high SDE in complex environments.展开更多
As one of the most important tumor-associated antigens of colorectal adenocarcinoma, the carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） threatens human health seriously ali over the globe. Fast electrical and highly sensitive detec...As one of the most important tumor-associated antigens of colorectal adenocarcinoma, the carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） threatens human health seriously ali over the globe. Fast electrical and highly sensitive detection of the CEA with A1GaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor is demonstrated experimentally. To achieve a low detection limit, the Au-gated sensing area of the sensor is functionalized with a CEA aptamer instead of the corresponding antibody. The proposed aptasensor has successfully detected different concentrations （ranging from 50picogram/milliliter （pg/ml） to 50 nanogram/milliliter （ng/ml）） of CEA and achieved a detection limit as low as 50pg/ml at Vas = 0.5 V. The drain-source current shows a c/ear increase of 11.5μA under this bias.展开更多
Tauopathies describe a group of neurodegenerative diseases in which the protein tau,encoded by the gene MAPT,is aberrantly misfolded,leading to tau aggregation,neural dysfunction,and cell death（Spillantini and Goeder...Tauopathies describe a group of neurodegenerative diseases in which the protein tau,encoded by the gene MAPT,is aberrantly misfolded,leading to tau aggregation,neural dysfunction,and cell death（Spillantini and Goedert,2013）.In Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）,tau forms the characteristic intracellular neurofibrillary tangles（NFTs）,which are thought to be the major cause of neurodegeneration（Bloom,2014）.In other tauopathies,including frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism linked to chromo- some 17 （FTDP-17T）, corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy, there are specific forms of tau aggregates and filaments without any amyloid pathology, demonstrating tau＇s po- tent disease-causing potential （Spillantini and Goedert, 2013）. Tau is a microtubule （MT） binding protein, which becomes abnormally hyperphosphorylated on several residues prior/during the process of aggregation, thereby causing loss of its MT binding activity （Mandelkow and Mandelkow, 2012）.展开更多
Solvothermal reaction of Zn(NO_(3))_(2)·6H_(2)O with di-pyridin-2-yl-[4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-vinyl)-phenyl]-amine(ppvppa)and 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid(1,4-H_(2)NDC)in H_(2)O and MeCN at 150℃yielded a twodimens...Solvothermal reaction of Zn(NO_(3))_(2)·6H_(2)O with di-pyridin-2-yl-[4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-vinyl)-phenyl]-amine(ppvppa)and 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid(1,4-H_(2)NDC)in H_(2)O and MeCN at 150℃yielded a twodimensional(2D)coordination Zn(Ⅱ)polymer[Zn(ppvppa)(1,4-NDC)]_(n)(1).Compound 1 was characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectroscopy,powder X-ray diffraction,single-crystal X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis.Compound 1 consists of dimeric[Zn_(2)(ppvppa)_(2)]units linked by 1,4-NDC bridges to generate a 2D honeycomb network.Either compound 1 or ppvppa alone can detect Hg^(2+)or MeHgI selectively and with good sensitivity.Upon addition of Hg^(2+)ions to a MeCN solution of ppvppa,marked changes in the UV-vis and fluorescence spectra are observed,associated with colour changes,which are easily identified by the naked eye.The pyridinyl rings of ppvppa are coordinated to the Hg^(2+)ion.This motif in the presence of NO_(3)^(−)ions forms a binuclear complex[Hg_(2)(ppvppa)_(2)(NO_(3))_(4)](2),which has been characterized as the solvate[Hg_(2)(ppvppa)_(2)(NO_(3))_(4)]·H_(2)O·4MeCN(2·H_(2)O·4MeCN)by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction studies.In aqueous solution,compound 1 emits pale orange light at ambient temperature and the addition of Hg^(2+)or MeHgI induces an change of fluorescence color from pale orange to blue.Compound 1 is a promising candidate as a sensitive naked-eye indicator for Hg^(2+)or MeHgI in water under a UV lamp.展开更多
High-precision detection of microwave field information is important in the fields of space wireless communication,space microwave remote sensing,and satellite navigation.In this paper,the high-precision detection of ...High-precision detection of microwave field information is important in the fields of space wireless communication,space microwave remote sensing,and satellite navigation.In this paper,the high-precision detection of broadband microwave is realized.High-precision detection of microwave fields has been realized for the first time based on the spin-mixing model of nitrogen-vacancy color centers and the continuous wave optically detected magnetic resonance(ODMR)process.By changing the power ratio between the signal and reference microwave fields,the validity of high-precision detection of microwaves is verified,and the microwave magnetic field detection resolution is less than 100 nW and the Pearson correlation coefficient of the system’s response to microwave intensity is 0.9974.Then,by optimizing the data acquisition time,the megahertz-level frequency resolution of the signal microwave is achieved.In addition,the gigahertz bandwidth and megahertz resolution were also verified by tuning the resonance frequency of the spin energy level to an external static magnetic field.These results provide an important technological basis for solid-state microwave receivers based on nitrogen-vacancy color centers,highprecision spectral resolution detection,and microwave sensing.展开更多
Layered hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics have made significant strides in high-performance X-ray detection,attributed to their polarization-induced large built-in electric fields and excellent carrier mobility.However...Layered hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics have made significant strides in high-performance X-ray detection,attributed to their polarization-induced large built-in electric fields and excellent carrier mobility.However,most reported layered hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics rely on environmentally hazardous lead halides,which limits their broader application.Recently developed hybrid double perovskites offer promising alternatives for green self-driven X-ray detection.Herein,we explore the bulk photovoltaic effect in a two-dimensional multilayered double perovskite ferroelectric CHMA_(2)CsAgBiBr_(7)(CCAB,CHMA+=cyclohexylmethylammonium)for self-driven X-ray detection.Due to its multilayer structure,CCAB exhibits a largeμτproduct of 3.3×10^(-3)cm2 V^(-1),which is comparable to the three-dimensional double perovskite Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6).Specifically,the X-ray detector exhibits a photovoltage of 0.84 V under X-ray irradiation,ensuring the capability to convert X-rays into electric signals without bias.Additionally,CCAB exhibits a high sensitivity up to 120μC Gy^(-1)cm^(-2)and a low detection limit down to 103 nGy s^(-1)in the self-driven mode.Our work highlights the potential of lead-free multilayered double perovskite ferroelectrics for achieving high-performance self-driven X-ray detection,paving the way for practical applications of layered hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics in this field.展开更多
Radioactive iodine gas detection has significant applications in the nuclear industry,particularly in nuclear accident scenarios and nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities.Herein,chemically stable metal-organic framewor...Radioactive iodine gas detection has significant applications in the nuclear industry,particularly in nuclear accident scenarios and nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities.Herein,chemically stable metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with good affinity for iodine(including Zn(1,3-BDP),UiO-66,UiO-66-NH2,etc.)were computationally screened and drop-casted upon interdigitated electrodes(IDEs).These MOFs were used to develop advanced iodine sensors to achieve the direct electrical detection of I2 gas via impedance spectroscopy measurements.Upon exposure to I2 gas,a similar electrical response change has occurred for all the IDE sensors,despite in the different impedance ratio.In particular,UiO-66-coated sensors exhibited an impedance ratio>103 times,while the modification of amino groups(-NH2)enhanced the sensitivity,exceeding 104 times for UiO-66-NH2,and was accompanied by a better iodine uptake.Notably,the sensors fabricated from Zn(1,3-BDP),which also contained nitrogen atoms,exhibited excellent comprehensive sensing performance,including high sensitivity(with impedance ratio achieving 1.4×106 times),good recyclability,rapid response speed(with impedance change ratio of 250 times within 3 min),low detection limit(about 29 times under 300 ppm I2 vapor at 25°C),and high anti-interference ability.Our theoretical calculations revealed that the underlying I2 sensing mechanism could be attributed to a decreased band gap and enhanced electrical conductivity due to the new electronic states introduced by the adsorbed I2.This work proposes a novel and feasible method for investigating sensing materials and strategies to fabricate high-performance iodine gas sensors,providing a basis for developing nuclear radioactivity monitoring technology and emergency security safeguard equipment.展开更多
This study employs an N-carboxyanhydride ring-opening polymerization(NCA ROP)signal amplification strategy to construct a novel sensing system for the simple and rapid detection of tobacco mosaic virus RNA(tRNA).In th...This study employs an N-carboxyanhydride ring-opening polymerization(NCA ROP)signal amplification strategy to construct a novel sensing system for the simple and rapid detection of tobacco mosaic virus RNA(tRNA).In the developed fluorescent biosensor,carboxylated biomagnetic beads serve as carriers for target capture based on the complementary pairing of the aptamer bases.Subsequently,NCA ROP fluorescent peptides are utilized as highly biocompatible signal carriers to achieve sensitive detection of the target.Under the optimal conditions,the biosensor exhibits a broad linear detection range from 1 pM to 10 nM,with a detection limit as low as 0.085 pM.Furthermore,the fluorescent aptamer biosensor demonstrates robust affinity and reliability in recovery experiments involving healthy R ehmannia glutinosa leaf total RNA.This work establishes a robust platform for tRNA analysis,facilitating real-time and early diagnosis of various plant viruses.展开更多
With the significant progress of high-energy physics,nuclear science,and technology,the demand for high-performance scintillators is growing rapidly.Among solid-state scintillators,glass scintillators would play a vit...With the significant progress of high-energy physics,nuclear science,and technology,the demand for high-performance scintillators is growing rapidly.Among solid-state scintillators,glass scintillators would play a vital role in the field of high-energy radiation detections because of their merits including low cost,batch production,and arbitrariness in shape.In this review article,the research and development of glass scintillators is introduced with respect to the following key parameters including:density,light yield,scintillation decay time,and radiation hardness.The scintillation mechanisms,preparation methods particularly for Ce^(3+)-activated glasses,standard testing methods,scintillation performance,and applications of glass scintillators are comprehensively reviewed and critically discussed.Finally,the problems existing in the research field are presented and the future development directions of glass scintillators for performance improvement are suggested.展开更多
Graphene grids exhibit exceptional loading capacity for macromolecules,single atoms,and nanoparticles,offering significant potential for exploring the structure and properties of various materials at the nanoscale.How...Graphene grids exhibit exceptional loading capacity for macromolecules,single atoms,and nanoparticles,offering significant potential for exploring the structure and properties of various materials at the nanoscale.However,challenges such as carbon film rupture,contamination,and uneven graphene film coverage frequently occur during grid fabrication.Here wepropose a dual-stage deep learning model integrating U-Net and an enhanced YOLO11 architecture,enabling efficient and accurate defect detection and graphene coverage quantification.A tailored data augmentation strategy expanded the initial defect dataset by more than an order of magnitude,which directly contributed to an overall 11.72%improvement across the model’s performance metrics.With the integration of the multi-scale convolutional attention(MSCA)module and the slicing-aided hyper inference(SAHI)method,the model achieved a 0.67%mean absolute percentage error(MAPE),while reducing the average detection time from 26.6 to 0.1 min per image.The proposed model holds strong potential for extension to various material characterization image analysis tasks,providing a scalable strategy for high-throughput image processing that bridges fundamental research with industrialscale applications.展开更多
Rapid,high-throughput,timely,multiplex diagnosis of respiratory-tract infections still relies on laboratory infrastructure,sequential assays,and trained personnel,thereby delaying targeted therapy and outbreak contain...Rapid,high-throughput,timely,multiplex diagnosis of respiratory-tract infections still relies on laboratory infrastructure,sequential assays,and trained personnel,thereby delaying targeted therapy and outbreak containment.In this study,a Fully Automated rotary microfluidic platform(FA-RMP)for high-throughput multiplex respiratory tract pathogens detection was presented.FA-RMP enables a true“sample-in,result-out”workflow through the integration of swab lysis,reagent partitioning,lyophilized reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification(RT-LAMP),and movingprobe fluorescence read-out,all encapsulated with a disposable microfluidic cartridge and paired with a 9 kg,fourchannel benchtop reader.The FA-RMP enables parallel processing of 16 independent reactions within 30 min,supporting simultaneous detection of up to 4 distinct clinical samples.Analytical validation using serially diluted Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)DNA established a limit of detection(LoD)of 50 copies μL^(-1) and a log-linear correlation between threshold time and template load(R^(2)=0.9528).Testing with eight non-target respiratory pathogens yielded no amplification,confirming high analytical specificity.FA-RMP successfully detected the clinical samples with influenza A,influenza B,and MP,further demonstrating its robust multiplex detection capability.By integrating automated sample preparation,multiplex isothermal amplification and quantitative detection into a portable,high-throughput system,the platform delivers laboratory-grade performance at the point of care,serving as a scalable tool for routine respiratory pathogens screening and rapid epidemic response.展开更多
The precise neural mechanisms by which general anesthetics induce unconsciousness remain undetermined,with ongoing debate over whether they primarily affect the cortex directly or act predominantly on the sleep–wake ...The precise neural mechanisms by which general anesthetics induce unconsciousness remain undetermined,with ongoing debate over whether they primarily affect the cortex directly or act predominantly on the sleep–wake brain regions.There is an urgent need for high-precision methodologies to detect and analyze neural information across cortical and subcortical regions.In this study,we designed and fabricated the microelectrode arrays to detect electrophysiological signals from nine brain regions,ranging from the secondary motor cortex to the preoptic area in mice under different concentrations of isoflurane anesthesia.The results demonstrate that isoflurane induces a synchronous inhibitory effect on neural activity in both cortical and subcortical regions of mice during the maintenance phase of anesthesia,which intensifies with increasing anesthesia concentration.Moreover,cortical neurons exhibit a more pronounced inhibitory response to isoflurane,as reflected by significant reductions in local field potential power and spike firing rates compared to subcortical neurons during the suppression phase.These findings suggest that isoflurane during the maintenance phase of anesthesia is more likely to align with the“top-down”paradigm by directly inhibiting cortical regions to maintain unconsciousness.In summary,these discoveries could further refine the study of the neural mechanisms of isoflurane-induced unconsciousness.展开更多
Developing highly sensitive detection technology for trace heavy metal and antibiotic pollutants in water systems is vital to ensure environmental safety and human health.Here,one wheel-shaped{Co_(16)Mo_(16)P_(24)}clu...Developing highly sensitive detection technology for trace heavy metal and antibiotic pollutants in water systems is vital to ensure environmental safety and human health.Here,one wheel-shaped{Co_(16)Mo_(16)P_(24)}cluster-based framework was hydrothermally synthesized with the formula{[Co(H_(2)O)_(6)][Co_(12)(BBTZ)_(6)][(Mo_(2)O_(4))_(8)(HPO_(4))_(22)(PO_(4))_(2)Co_(4)(H_(2)O)_(8)]}·45H_(2)O(1)(BBTZ=1,4-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene),which was employed as a bifunctional photoelectrochemical sensor for the determination of trace Cr(Ⅵ)and tetracycline(TC).In crystal 1,wheel-shaped{Co_(16)Mo_(16)P_(24)}clusters with a diameter of 19.4Å act as six-connected nodes to coordinate with BBTZ ligands,extending into a robust three-dimensional framework with a pcu topology.Crystal 1 possesses wide light absorption and excellent redox properties,which displayed remarkable bifunctional photoelectrochemical response towards the Cr(Ⅵ)reduction and TC oxidation.The detection limit(LOD)of hybrid 1 for Cr(Ⅵ)is 24.62 nM and the sensitivity for Cr(Ⅵ)determination is 216.76μAμM−1.Similarly,hybrid 1 exhibits a high sensitivity of 315.94μAμM^(−1) and a low LOD of 33.45 nM for TC detection.These parameters are far superior to the standards set by the WHO and the EU.Importantly,sensor 1 possesses high anti-interference ability and performs well in real lake water and milk samples.This work provides some guidance for the development of promising crystalline photoelectrochemical sensors for practical environmental monitoring.展开更多
FoF1-ATPase is an active rotary motor,and generates three-ATP for each rotation.At saturated substrate concentration,the motor can achieve about 103 r.p.m,which means one motor can generate about 105 ATP molecules dur...FoF1-ATPase is an active rotary motor,and generates three-ATP for each rotation.At saturated substrate concentration,the motor can achieve about 103 r.p.m,which means one motor can generate about 105 ATP molecules during 30 min.Here,we constituted a novel nanodevice with a molecular rotary motor and a“battery”,FoF1-ATPase and chromatophore,and presented a novel method of sandwich type rotary biosensor based on εsubunit with one target-to-one motor,in which one target corresponds 105 ATP molecules as detection signals during 30 min.The target such as NT-proBNP detection demonstrated that this novel nanodevice has potential to be developed into an ultrasensitive biosensor to detect low expressed targets.展开更多
BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae(K.pneumoniae)is an infective microorganism of worldwide concern because of its varied manifestations and life-threatening potential.Genetic analyses have revealed that subspecies of K....BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae(K.pneumoniae)is an infective microorganism of worldwide concern because of its varied manifestations and life-threatening potential.Genetic analyses have revealed that subspecies of K.pneumoniae exhibit higher virulence and mortality.However,infections with Klebsiella subspecies are often misdiagnosed and underestimated in the clinic because of difficulties in distinguishing K.pneumoniae from its subspecies using routine tests.This case study reports the rapid and fatal effects of K.pneumoniae subspecies.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male patient was febrile and admitted to hospital.Examinations excluded viral and fungal causes along with mycoplasma/chlamydia and parasitic infections.Bacterial cultures revealed blood-borne K.pneumoniae sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics,although corresponding treatment failed to improve the patient’s symptoms.His condition worsened and death occurred within 72 h of symptom onset from sepsis shock.Application of the PMseq-DNA Pro high throughput gene detection assay was implemented with results obtained after death showing a mixed infection of K.pneumoniae and Klebsiella variicola(K.variicola).Clinical evidence suggested that K.variicola rather than K.pneumoniae contributed to the patient’s poor prognosis.CONCLUSION This is the first case report to show patient death from Klebsiella subspecies infection within a short period of time.This case provides a timely reminder of the clinical hazards posed by Klebsiella subspecies and highlights the limitations of classical laboratory methods in guiding anti-infective therapies for complex cases.Moreover,this report serves as reference for physicians diagnosing similar diseases and provides a recommendation to employ early genetic detection to aid patient diagnosis and management.展开更多
Fuzzy logic detection has been applied to the signal enhancement of ultrasonic flaw echoes from the structure noise due to nonflaw related scattering of ultrasound in highly scattering materials. Cross-correlation, ph...Fuzzy logic detection has been applied to the signal enhancement of ultrasonic flaw echoes from the structure noise due to nonflaw related scattering of ultrasound in highly scattering materials. Cross-correlation, phase difference and fractal dimension are used as signal characteristics in fuzzy logic detection. Experimental results show that this new method has better performance than the commonly used correlation detection.展开更多
基金This project was supported by the Guangdong Provincial Foundation of Natural Science(021808)
文摘A rapid method to determine glutamic acid (Glu) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by capillaryelectrophoresis with high frequency conductivity detection (contactless conductivity detection) wasdescribed. The CSF sample was pretreated with silver cation resin to remove high concentration ofCl- ions in CSF. The separation was achieved in the buffer solution of 10 mmol/L Tris and 8mmol/L boric acid at the separation voltage of 20.0 kV. Glu showed linear response in the range of5.0×10-6 to 6.0×10-3 mol/L, the limit of detection was 1.0×10-6 mol/L. The method was used foranalysis Glu in CSF satisfactorily with a recovery of 97.8-98.8%.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.B201307)the Ministry of Education of Heilongjiang Province(No.12531192)the Program for Scientific and Technological Innovation Team Construction in Universities of Heilongjiang Province(No.2011TD010)
文摘A novel analytical method was developed for determining morpholinium cations lacking ultraviolet absorption groups.This determination was carried out by high performance liquid chromatographyindirect ultraviolet（HPLC-1UV） detection using imidazolium ionic liquid as background absorption reagents,and imidazolium ionic liquid aq.soln.-organic solvent as mobile phase by a reversed-phase C18 column.The background ultraviolet absorption reagents,imidazolium ionic liquids and organic solvents were investigated.The imidazolium ionic liquid in the mobile phase is not only the background ultraviolet absorption reagent for IUV,but also an active component to improve the separation of morpholinium cations.It was found that morpholinium cations could be adequately determined when0.5 mmol/L 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate aq.soln./methanol（80：20,v/v） was used as mobile phase with an IUV detection wavelength of 210 nm.In this study,the baseline separation of Nmethyl,ethylmorpholinium cations（MEMo） and N-methyl.propylmorpholinium cations（MPMo） was successfully achieved in 8.5 min.The detection limits（S/N = 3） for MEMo and MPMo were 0.15 and0.29 mg/L,respectively.This simple and practical method has been successfully applied to the determination of two morpholinium ionic liquids synthesized by the chemistry laboratory.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant Nos 2016YFB0400104 and2016YFB0400301the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China under Grant No 61334002the National Science and Technology Major Project
文摘Gallium nitride- （GaN） based high electron mobility transistors （HEMTs） provide a good platform for biological detection. In this work, both Au-gated AlInN/GaN HEMT and AlGaN/GaN HEMT biosensors are fabricated for the detection of deoxyribonucleic acid （DNA） hybridization. The Au-gated AIInN/GaN HEMT biosensor exhibits higher sensitivity in comparison with the AlGaN/GaN HEMT biosensor. For the former, the drain-source current （VDS = 0.5 V） shows a clear decrease of 69μA upon the introduction of 1μmolL^-1 （μM） complimentary DNA to the probe DNA at the sensor area, while for the latter it is only 38 μA. This current reduction is a notable indication of the hybridization. The high sensitivity can be attributed to the thinner barrier of the AlInN/GaN heterostructure, which makes the two-dimensional electron gas channel more susceptible to a slight change of the surface charge.
基金the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2023ZD0300100)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFB3809600 and 2023YFC3007801)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62301543 and U24A20320)the Shanghai Sailing Program(Grant No.21YF1455700).
文摘Conventional superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors(SNSPDs)have been typically limited in their applications due to their size,weight,and power consumption,which confine their use to laboratory settings.However,with the rapid development of remote imaging,sensing technologies,and long-range quantum communication with fewer topographical constraints,the demand for high-efficiency single-photon detectors integrated with avionic platforms is rapidly growing.We herein designed and manufactured the first drone-based SNSPD system with a system detection efficiency(SDE)as high as 91.8%.This drone-based system incorporates high-performance NbTiN SNSPDs,a self-developed miniature liquid helium dewar,and custom-built integrated electrical setups,making it capable of being launched in complex topographical conditions.Such a drone-based SNSPD system may open the use of SNSPDs for applications that demand high SDE in complex environments.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant Nos 2016YFB0400104 and 2016YFB0400301the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 61334002the National Science and Technology Major Project
文摘As one of the most important tumor-associated antigens of colorectal adenocarcinoma, the carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） threatens human health seriously ali over the globe. Fast electrical and highly sensitive detection of the CEA with A1GaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor is demonstrated experimentally. To achieve a low detection limit, the Au-gated sensing area of the sensor is functionalized with a CEA aptamer instead of the corresponding antibody. The proposed aptasensor has successfully detected different concentrations （ranging from 50picogram/milliliter （pg/ml） to 50 nanogram/milliliter （ng/ml）） of CEA and achieved a detection limit as low as 50pg/ml at Vas = 0.5 V. The drain-source current shows a c/ear increase of 11.5μA under this bias.
基金funded by grant NC/L000741/1 from the National Council of the 3Rs
文摘Tauopathies describe a group of neurodegenerative diseases in which the protein tau,encoded by the gene MAPT,is aberrantly misfolded,leading to tau aggregation,neural dysfunction,and cell death（Spillantini and Goedert,2013）.In Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）,tau forms the characteristic intracellular neurofibrillary tangles（NFTs）,which are thought to be the major cause of neurodegeneration（Bloom,2014）.In other tauopathies,including frontotemporal dementia with Parkinsonism linked to chromo- some 17 （FTDP-17T）, corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy, there are specific forms of tau aggregates and filaments without any amyloid pathology, demonstrating tau＇s po- tent disease-causing potential （Spillantini and Goedert, 2013）. Tau is a microtubule （MT） binding protein, which becomes abnormally hyperphosphorylated on several residues prior/during the process of aggregation, thereby causing loss of its MT binding activity （Mandelkow and Mandelkow, 2012）.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21373142,21531006,and 21471108)State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry,Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2015kf-07)+3 种基金the financial support from the Qing-Lan Projectthe“333”Project of Jiangsu Provincethe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe“SooChow Scholar”Program of Soochow University.
文摘Solvothermal reaction of Zn(NO_(3))_(2)·6H_(2)O with di-pyridin-2-yl-[4-(2-pyridin-4-yl-vinyl)-phenyl]-amine(ppvppa)and 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid(1,4-H_(2)NDC)in H_(2)O and MeCN at 150℃yielded a twodimensional(2D)coordination Zn(Ⅱ)polymer[Zn(ppvppa)(1,4-NDC)]_(n)(1).Compound 1 was characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectroscopy,powder X-ray diffraction,single-crystal X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis.Compound 1 consists of dimeric[Zn_(2)(ppvppa)_(2)]units linked by 1,4-NDC bridges to generate a 2D honeycomb network.Either compound 1 or ppvppa alone can detect Hg^(2+)or MeHgI selectively and with good sensitivity.Upon addition of Hg^(2+)ions to a MeCN solution of ppvppa,marked changes in the UV-vis and fluorescence spectra are observed,associated with colour changes,which are easily identified by the naked eye.The pyridinyl rings of ppvppa are coordinated to the Hg^(2+)ion.This motif in the presence of NO_(3)^(−)ions forms a binuclear complex[Hg_(2)(ppvppa)_(2)(NO_(3))_(4)](2),which has been characterized as the solvate[Hg_(2)(ppvppa)_(2)(NO_(3))_(4)]·H_(2)O·4MeCN(2·H_(2)O·4MeCN)by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction studies.In aqueous solution,compound 1 emits pale orange light at ambient temperature and the addition of Hg^(2+)or MeHgI induces an change of fluorescence color from pale orange to blue.Compound 1 is a promising candidate as a sensitive naked-eye indicator for Hg^(2+)or MeHgI in water under a UV lamp.
基金supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20141)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52435011,62103385,62175219).
文摘High-precision detection of microwave field information is important in the fields of space wireless communication,space microwave remote sensing,and satellite navigation.In this paper,the high-precision detection of broadband microwave is realized.High-precision detection of microwave fields has been realized for the first time based on the spin-mixing model of nitrogen-vacancy color centers and the continuous wave optically detected magnetic resonance(ODMR)process.By changing the power ratio between the signal and reference microwave fields,the validity of high-precision detection of microwaves is verified,and the microwave magnetic field detection resolution is less than 100 nW and the Pearson correlation coefficient of the system’s response to microwave intensity is 0.9974.Then,by optimizing the data acquisition time,the megahertz-level frequency resolution of the signal microwave is achieved.In addition,the gigahertz bandwidth and megahertz resolution were also verified by tuning the resonance frequency of the spin energy level to an external static magnetic field.These results provide an important technological basis for solid-state microwave receivers based on nitrogen-vacancy color centers,highprecision spectral resolution detection,and microwave sensing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22435005,22193042,22125110,and U21A2069)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LY-SLH024)the Youth Innovation Promotion of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019301,Y202069,and 2020307).
文摘Layered hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics have made significant strides in high-performance X-ray detection,attributed to their polarization-induced large built-in electric fields and excellent carrier mobility.However,most reported layered hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics rely on environmentally hazardous lead halides,which limits their broader application.Recently developed hybrid double perovskites offer promising alternatives for green self-driven X-ray detection.Herein,we explore the bulk photovoltaic effect in a two-dimensional multilayered double perovskite ferroelectric CHMA_(2)CsAgBiBr_(7)(CCAB,CHMA+=cyclohexylmethylammonium)for self-driven X-ray detection.Due to its multilayer structure,CCAB exhibits a largeμτproduct of 3.3×10^(-3)cm2 V^(-1),which is comparable to the three-dimensional double perovskite Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6).Specifically,the X-ray detector exhibits a photovoltage of 0.84 V under X-ray irradiation,ensuring the capability to convert X-rays into electric signals without bias.Additionally,CCAB exhibits a high sensitivity up to 120μC Gy^(-1)cm^(-2)and a low detection limit down to 103 nGy s^(-1)in the self-driven mode.Our work highlights the potential of lead-free multilayered double perovskite ferroelectrics for achieving high-performance self-driven X-ray detection,paving the way for practical applications of layered hybrid perovskite ferroelectrics in this field.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC1402504).
文摘Radioactive iodine gas detection has significant applications in the nuclear industry,particularly in nuclear accident scenarios and nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities.Herein,chemically stable metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with good affinity for iodine(including Zn(1,3-BDP),UiO-66,UiO-66-NH2,etc.)were computationally screened and drop-casted upon interdigitated electrodes(IDEs).These MOFs were used to develop advanced iodine sensors to achieve the direct electrical detection of I2 gas via impedance spectroscopy measurements.Upon exposure to I2 gas,a similar electrical response change has occurred for all the IDE sensors,despite in the different impedance ratio.In particular,UiO-66-coated sensors exhibited an impedance ratio>103 times,while the modification of amino groups(-NH2)enhanced the sensitivity,exceeding 104 times for UiO-66-NH2,and was accompanied by a better iodine uptake.Notably,the sensors fabricated from Zn(1,3-BDP),which also contained nitrogen atoms,exhibited excellent comprehensive sensing performance,including high sensitivity(with impedance ratio achieving 1.4×106 times),good recyclability,rapid response speed(with impedance change ratio of 250 times within 3 min),low detection limit(about 29 times under 300 ppm I2 vapor at 25°C),and high anti-interference ability.Our theoretical calculations revealed that the underlying I2 sensing mechanism could be attributed to a decreased band gap and enhanced electrical conductivity due to the new electronic states introduced by the adsorbed I2.This work proposes a novel and feasible method for investigating sensing materials and strategies to fabricate high-performance iodine gas sensors,providing a basis for developing nuclear radioactivity monitoring technology and emergency security safeguard equipment.
基金supported by the Project of tacking of key scientifi c and technical problems in Henan Province(192102310033)。
文摘This study employs an N-carboxyanhydride ring-opening polymerization(NCA ROP)signal amplification strategy to construct a novel sensing system for the simple and rapid detection of tobacco mosaic virus RNA(tRNA).In the developed fluorescent biosensor,carboxylated biomagnetic beads serve as carriers for target capture based on the complementary pairing of the aptamer bases.Subsequently,NCA ROP fluorescent peptides are utilized as highly biocompatible signal carriers to achieve sensitive detection of the target.Under the optimal conditions,the biosensor exhibits a broad linear detection range from 1 pM to 10 nM,with a detection limit as low as 0.085 pM.Furthermore,the fluorescent aptamer biosensor demonstrates robust affinity and reliability in recovery experiments involving healthy R ehmannia glutinosa leaf total RNA.This work establishes a robust platform for tRNA analysis,facilitating real-time and early diagnosis of various plant viruses.
基金support fromthe National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF0721700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52372003)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(ZD2023E004)the Science and Technology Plan Project of Ji’an City(20233-117685)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,and the State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics(SKLPDE-KF-202414).
文摘With the significant progress of high-energy physics,nuclear science,and technology,the demand for high-performance scintillators is growing rapidly.Among solid-state scintillators,glass scintillators would play a vital role in the field of high-energy radiation detections because of their merits including low cost,batch production,and arbitrariness in shape.In this review article,the research and development of glass scintillators is introduced with respect to the following key parameters including:density,light yield,scintillation decay time,and radiation hardness.The scintillation mechanisms,preparation methods particularly for Ce^(3+)-activated glasses,standard testing methods,scintillation performance,and applications of glass scintillators are comprehensively reviewed and critically discussed.Finally,the problems existing in the research field are presented and the future development directions of glass scintillators for performance improvement are suggested.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFB4709300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52130501,52505289)+1 种基金Zhejiang provincial teams of leading talents in Innovation and Entrepreneurship(2024R01002)Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(XKBF[2025]014,BQW[2024]010).
文摘Graphene grids exhibit exceptional loading capacity for macromolecules,single atoms,and nanoparticles,offering significant potential for exploring the structure and properties of various materials at the nanoscale.However,challenges such as carbon film rupture,contamination,and uneven graphene film coverage frequently occur during grid fabrication.Here wepropose a dual-stage deep learning model integrating U-Net and an enhanced YOLO11 architecture,enabling efficient and accurate defect detection and graphene coverage quantification.A tailored data augmentation strategy expanded the initial defect dataset by more than an order of magnitude,which directly contributed to an overall 11.72%improvement across the model’s performance metrics.With the integration of the multi-scale convolutional attention(MSCA)module and the slicing-aided hyper inference(SAHI)method,the model achieved a 0.67%mean absolute percentage error(MAPE),while reducing the average detection time from 26.6 to 0.1 min per image.The proposed model holds strong potential for extension to various material characterization image analysis tasks,providing a scalable strategy for high-throughput image processing that bridges fundamental research with industrialscale applications.
文摘Rapid,high-throughput,timely,multiplex diagnosis of respiratory-tract infections still relies on laboratory infrastructure,sequential assays,and trained personnel,thereby delaying targeted therapy and outbreak containment.In this study,a Fully Automated rotary microfluidic platform(FA-RMP)for high-throughput multiplex respiratory tract pathogens detection was presented.FA-RMP enables a true“sample-in,result-out”workflow through the integration of swab lysis,reagent partitioning,lyophilized reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification(RT-LAMP),and movingprobe fluorescence read-out,all encapsulated with a disposable microfluidic cartridge and paired with a 9 kg,fourchannel benchtop reader.The FA-RMP enables parallel processing of 16 independent reactions within 30 min,supporting simultaneous detection of up to 4 distinct clinical samples.Analytical validation using serially diluted Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)DNA established a limit of detection(LoD)of 50 copies μL^(-1) and a log-linear correlation between threshold time and template load(R^(2)=0.9528).Testing with eight non-target respiratory pathogens yielded no amplification,confirming high analytical specificity.FA-RMP successfully detected the clinical samples with influenza A,influenza B,and MP,further demonstrating its robust multiplex detection capability.By integrating automated sample preparation,multiplex isothermal amplification and quantitative detection into a portable,high-throughput system,the platform delivers laboratory-grade performance at the point of care,serving as a scalable tool for routine respiratory pathogens screening and rapid epidemic response.
文摘The precise neural mechanisms by which general anesthetics induce unconsciousness remain undetermined,with ongoing debate over whether they primarily affect the cortex directly or act predominantly on the sleep–wake brain regions.There is an urgent need for high-precision methodologies to detect and analyze neural information across cortical and subcortical regions.In this study,we designed and fabricated the microelectrode arrays to detect electrophysiological signals from nine brain regions,ranging from the secondary motor cortex to the preoptic area in mice under different concentrations of isoflurane anesthesia.The results demonstrate that isoflurane induces a synchronous inhibitory effect on neural activity in both cortical and subcortical regions of mice during the maintenance phase of anesthesia,which intensifies with increasing anesthesia concentration.Moreover,cortical neurons exhibit a more pronounced inhibitory response to isoflurane,as reflected by significant reductions in local field potential power and spike firing rates compared to subcortical neurons during the suppression phase.These findings suggest that isoflurane during the maintenance phase of anesthesia is more likely to align with the“top-down”paradigm by directly inhibiting cortical regions to maintain unconsciousness.In summary,these discoveries could further refine the study of the neural mechanisms of isoflurane-induced unconsciousness.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 21871076,21901060)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grants B2020205008,B2022205005,and B2016205051)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department(Grant BJ2020037)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded Project(No.2021TQ0095)the Science Foundation of Hebei Normal University(L2019B15).
文摘Developing highly sensitive detection technology for trace heavy metal and antibiotic pollutants in water systems is vital to ensure environmental safety and human health.Here,one wheel-shaped{Co_(16)Mo_(16)P_(24)}cluster-based framework was hydrothermally synthesized with the formula{[Co(H_(2)O)_(6)][Co_(12)(BBTZ)_(6)][(Mo_(2)O_(4))_(8)(HPO_(4))_(22)(PO_(4))_(2)Co_(4)(H_(2)O)_(8)]}·45H_(2)O(1)(BBTZ=1,4-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene),which was employed as a bifunctional photoelectrochemical sensor for the determination of trace Cr(Ⅵ)and tetracycline(TC).In crystal 1,wheel-shaped{Co_(16)Mo_(16)P_(24)}clusters with a diameter of 19.4Å act as six-connected nodes to coordinate with BBTZ ligands,extending into a robust three-dimensional framework with a pcu topology.Crystal 1 possesses wide light absorption and excellent redox properties,which displayed remarkable bifunctional photoelectrochemical response towards the Cr(Ⅵ)reduction and TC oxidation.The detection limit(LOD)of hybrid 1 for Cr(Ⅵ)is 24.62 nM and the sensitivity for Cr(Ⅵ)determination is 216.76μAμM−1.Similarly,hybrid 1 exhibits a high sensitivity of 315.94μAμM^(−1) and a low LOD of 33.45 nM for TC detection.These parameters are far superior to the standards set by the WHO and the EU.Importantly,sensor 1 possesses high anti-interference ability and performs well in real lake water and milk samples.This work provides some guidance for the development of promising crystalline photoelectrochemical sensors for practical environmental monitoring.
基金This work is supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)under grant No.2013CB932804the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11574329 and 11322543+2 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine(AQSIQ)of PR China under Grant No.2015IK011AQSIQ industrial public service scientific research project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of P.R.China under Grant No.201410049The YS101 type high sensitive detector of chemiluminescence was manufactured by Yishang Innovation Technology Co.,Ltd.
文摘FoF1-ATPase is an active rotary motor,and generates three-ATP for each rotation.At saturated substrate concentration,the motor can achieve about 103 r.p.m,which means one motor can generate about 105 ATP molecules during 30 min.Here,we constituted a novel nanodevice with a molecular rotary motor and a“battery”,FoF1-ATPase and chromatophore,and presented a novel method of sandwich type rotary biosensor based on εsubunit with one target-to-one motor,in which one target corresponds 105 ATP molecules as detection signals during 30 min.The target such as NT-proBNP detection demonstrated that this novel nanodevice has potential to be developed into an ultrasensitive biosensor to detect low expressed targets.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Fund of Guizhou Provincial Health CommissionNo. gzwjkj2019-1-067+1 种基金Doctor Foundation of Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalNo. GZSYBS[2019]04
文摘BACKGROUND Klebsiella pneumoniae(K.pneumoniae)is an infective microorganism of worldwide concern because of its varied manifestations and life-threatening potential.Genetic analyses have revealed that subspecies of K.pneumoniae exhibit higher virulence and mortality.However,infections with Klebsiella subspecies are often misdiagnosed and underestimated in the clinic because of difficulties in distinguishing K.pneumoniae from its subspecies using routine tests.This case study reports the rapid and fatal effects of K.pneumoniae subspecies.CASE SUMMARY A 52-year-old male patient was febrile and admitted to hospital.Examinations excluded viral and fungal causes along with mycoplasma/chlamydia and parasitic infections.Bacterial cultures revealed blood-borne K.pneumoniae sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics,although corresponding treatment failed to improve the patient’s symptoms.His condition worsened and death occurred within 72 h of symptom onset from sepsis shock.Application of the PMseq-DNA Pro high throughput gene detection assay was implemented with results obtained after death showing a mixed infection of K.pneumoniae and Klebsiella variicola(K.variicola).Clinical evidence suggested that K.variicola rather than K.pneumoniae contributed to the patient’s poor prognosis.CONCLUSION This is the first case report to show patient death from Klebsiella subspecies infection within a short period of time.This case provides a timely reminder of the clinical hazards posed by Klebsiella subspecies and highlights the limitations of classical laboratory methods in guiding anti-infective therapies for complex cases.Moreover,this report serves as reference for physicians diagnosing similar diseases and provides a recommendation to employ early genetic detection to aid patient diagnosis and management.
文摘Fuzzy logic detection has been applied to the signal enhancement of ultrasonic flaw echoes from the structure noise due to nonflaw related scattering of ultrasound in highly scattering materials. Cross-correlation, phase difference and fractal dimension are used as signal characteristics in fuzzy logic detection. Experimental results show that this new method has better performance than the commonly used correlation detection.
