Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been widely used in China and other Asia countries for thousands of years to treat or prevent human diseases. Chinese herbal medicine, one of the most important components of TCM,...Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been widely used in China and other Asia countries for thousands of years to treat or prevent human diseases. Chinese herbal medicine, one of the most important components of TCM, has unique diversities in chemical components, and thus results in a wide range of biological activities. However, pharmaceutical industry is facing a major challenge to develop a large population of novel natural products and drugs, and considerable efforts have not resulted in highvolume of novel drug discovery and productivity. At present, increasing attention has been paid to Chinese herb medicine modernization in combination with the cutting-age technologies of drug discovery, especially the high throughput selection. High content imaging is an image-based high throughput screening method by using automated microscopy and image analysis software to capture and analyze phenotypes at a large scale to investigate multiple biological features simultaneously in the biological complex. Here, we described the pipeline of the state-of-the-art high content imaging technology, summarized the applications of the high content imaging technology in drug discovery from traditional Chinese herbal medicine, and finally discussed the current challenges and future perspectives for development of high throughput image-based screening technology in novel drug research and discovery.展开更多
On the basis of the data obtained from the comprehensive Kuroshio surveys in 1987-1988,this paper analyses the oceanographic characteristics in the area (125°-130° E,27°-31° N) of the continental s...On the basis of the data obtained from the comprehensive Kuroshio surveys in 1987-1988,this paper analyses the oceanographic characteristics in the area (125°-130° E,27°-31° N) of the continental shelf edge of the East China Sea (E. C. S. ) and its adjacent waters and discusses the effects of the Kuroshio front,thermocline and upwelling of the Kuroshio subsurface water on the distribution of standing stock of phytoplankton (chlorophyll-a). The distribution of high content of chlorophylly-a has been detected at 20-50 in depth in the water body on the left side of the Kuroshio front in the continental shelf edge waters of the E. C. S. The high content of chlorophyll-a spreads from the shelf area to the Kuroshio area in the form of a tongue and connects with the maximum layer of subsurface chlorophyll-a of the Kuroshio and pelagic sea. The author considers that the formation of the distribution of high content chlorophyll-a in this area results from the bottom topography and oceanic environment and there are close correlations between the high content of chlorophyll-a and the light-nutrient environment.展开更多
ARHM asphalt rubber has been applied in pavement engineering research for more than 20 years in our country. It has been applied and popularized in Beijing-Qinhuangdao Expressway, Jinshi Expressway and other projects ...ARHM asphalt rubber has been applied in pavement engineering research for more than 20 years in our country. It has been applied and popularized in Beijing-Qinhuangdao Expressway, Jinshi Expressway and other projects successively, but its content is relatively low. According to the characteristics that rubber powder can greatly improve the durability of asphalt concrete, the research on the mix proportion of high content (30%) rubber powder asphalt concrete was carried out. It has been verified that it has significantly improved the dynamic stability, low-temperature bending, freeze-thaw splitting and water seepage performance, and has been put into use in the bid section ZT2 of Jingde Expressway, meeting the use requirements of "no minor repair for 15 years and no major repair for 40 years" for the permanent pavement of Jingde Expressway.展开更多
The effect of partial substitution of Mg for Ni on a high-sodium and lithium-free layered P2-type Na_(45/54)Mg_(6)/_(54)Ni_(12/54)Mn_(34/54)O_(2) cathode with high initial Coulombic efficiency and excellent cyclic sta...The effect of partial substitution of Mg for Ni on a high-sodium and lithium-free layered P2-type Na_(45/54)Mg_(6)/_(54)Ni_(12/54)Mn_(34/54)O_(2) cathode with high initial Coulombic efficiency and excellent cyclic stability has been investigated in this study.Based on the crystal structural analysis,the Mg doping can retain the P2 structure up to 4.3 V,thus restraining the detrimental phase transformation of P2-02during the Na-ion intercalation/deintercalation process.Therefore,the obtained Mg-doped P2-type cathode exhibits a reversible specific capacity of 109 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1C between 2.0 and 4.3 V and a retention rate of 81.5% after 200cycles at 1C.In addition,the full cell consisting of Mg-doped P2-type cathode and hard carbon anode shows a capacity retention rate of 85.6% after 100 cycles.This study provides new insight into the development of durable cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
Heteroatom-doped carbon-based transition-metal single-atom catalysts(SACs) are promising electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). Herein, with the aid of hierarchically porous silica as hard template, a fa...Heteroatom-doped carbon-based transition-metal single-atom catalysts(SACs) are promising electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). Herein, with the aid of hierarchically porous silica as hard template, a facile and general melting perfusion and mesopore-confined pyrolysis method was reported to prepare single-atomic Fe/N–S-doped carbon catalyst(FeNx/NC-S) with hierarchically porous structure and well-defined morphology. The FeNx/NC-S exhibited excellent ORR activity with a half-wave potential(E_(1/2)) of 0.92 V, and a lower overpotential of 320 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)for OER under alkaline condition. The remarkable electrocatalysis performance can be attributed to the hierarchically porous carbon nanospheres with S doping and high content of Fe-Nx sites(up to 3.7 wt% of Fe), resulting from the nano-confinement effect of the hierarchically porous silica spheres(NKM-5) during the pyrolysis process. The rechargeable Zn-air battery with FeNx/NC-S as a cathode catalyst demonstrated a superior power density of 194.5 mW cm-2charge–discharge stability. This work highlights a new avenue to design advanced SACs for efficient sustainable energy storage and conversion.展开更多
Objective:Lipid droplet(LD)deposition in adipose tissue is a critical factor leading to metabolic dysfunction.Various herbal medicines in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)are used to treat hyperlipidemia,type 2 diabet...Objective:Lipid droplet(LD)deposition in adipose tissue is a critical factor leading to metabolic dysfunction.Various herbal medicines in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)are used to treat hyperlipidemia,type 2 diabetes,obesity,and other diseases.The objective of this study was to identify potential anti-adipogenic agents from TCM herbal compounds.Methods:One hundred and twenty compounds were evaluated in terms of their effect on adipocyte differentiation through image-based high content screening.Anti-adipogenic effects of identified hits were further confirmed at various concentrations.In addition,drug-induced liver injury assay was performed with HepG2 cells to test the hepatotoxicity of hit compounds.Results:Berbamine(BBM),a chemical isolated from barberry,and a derivative of BBM,berbamine dihydrochloride(BBMD),reduced LDs formation by more than 50%.Dose-dependent effects were observed and the IC50 values of the two hits,BBM and BBMD,were determined as 1.88 mM and 0.95 mM,respectively.Moreover,BBM induced mild HepG2 cell injury,while its dihydrochloridedBBMD did not exhibit hepatotoxicity within 40 mM.Conclusion:This study demonstrates that BBMD may be a potential therapeutic candidate for disorders associated with elevated LDs accumulation.展开更多
The paper is devoted to the two-phase flow simulation.The gas-condensate mixture flow in a horizontal pipe under high pressure is considered.The influence of the equation of state(EOS)choice for mixture properties mod...The paper is devoted to the two-phase flow simulation.The gas-condensate mixture flow in a horizontal pipe under high pressure is considered.The influence of the equation of state(EOS)choice for mixture properties modelling on the flow regime calculation results is studied for gas with high content of methane homologues.An analytical overview of the methods to predict the flow pattern is provided.Based on this analysis,two techniques are selected.For these techniques,values of density and viscosity for each phase are required.Density calculation for the gas phase is performed with Van der Waals based EOS.The propriate EOS is selected based on studies of calculation errors for test mixtures.Calculation of liquid phase density is done by means of Patela-Teja and Guo-Du equations,two different models are considered for viscosity estimation.The flow patterns of gas-condensate mixture in a range of temperatures and pressures are calculated and verified via probability map.The results of study allow to recommend the Brusilovsky EOS for calculation of densities for similar gas mixtures and make more rigorous flow regime evaluation.The probability map shows that for the chosen composition and parameters of media the flow pattern is mostly transitional between segregated and annular independent from EOS.展开更多
Shuangyou 092, a Brassica napus cultivar with high oil content, high quality and high yield, was bred by Institute of Industrial Crops of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences with Zhongshuang 9 as female parent, and...Shuangyou 092, a Brassica napus cultivar with high oil content, high quality and high yield, was bred by Institute of Industrial Crops of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences with Zhongshuang 9 as female parent, and the cytoplasmic male sterility maintainer line 32B as male parent. It was registered and released in 2014. The average yield was 2 858.5 kg/hm^2 in Henan province regional test of high quality, 12.43% higher than the check variety Fengyou 9 in 2010-2011 and 2011-2012. Its yield was 3 478.8 kg/ha in Henan Province productive test of high quality,9.52% higher than the check variety Fengyou 9 in 2012-2013. According to the test results in 2011-2012 and 2012-2013, the seeds quality of Shuangyou 092 was very good with near zero erucic acid （0.0%, 0.1%） in fat acid, 17.19 μmol/g and 19.78 μmol/g glucosinolates in its meal, the oil content of 46.60% and 45.76%. The cultivar was resistant （tolerant） to Sclerotinia, virus diseases, cold, and lodging. Its high yield and high quality can be obtained by planting in large scale, sowing at right time, rational close planting, balancing fertilizer and harvesting at right time.展开更多
The high water content of municipal solid waste(MSW)will reduce the effciency of mechanical sorting,consequently unfavorable for beneficial utilization.In this study,a combined hydrolytic-aerobic biodrying technology ...The high water content of municipal solid waste(MSW)will reduce the effciency of mechanical sorting,consequently unfavorable for beneficial utilization.In this study,a combined hydrolytic-aerobic biodrying technology was introduced to remove water from MSW.The total water removals were proved to depend on the ventilation frequency and the temporal span in the hydrolytic stage. The ventilation frequency of 6 times/d was preferable in the hydrolytic stage.The hydrolytic span should not be prolonged more than ...展开更多
Lithium sulfur batteries(LSBs)are recognized as promising devices for developing next-generation energy storage systems.In addition,they are attractive rechargeable battery systems for replacing lithium-ion batteries(...Lithium sulfur batteries(LSBs)are recognized as promising devices for developing next-generation energy storage systems.In addition,they are attractive rechargeable battery systems for replacing lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)for commercial use owing to their higher theoretical energy density and lower cost compared to those of LIBs.However,LSBs are still beset with some persistent issues that prevent them from being used industrially,such as the unavoidable dissolution of lithium polysulfide intermediates during electrochemical reactions and large volume expansion(up to 80%)upon the formation of Li_(2)S,resulting in serious battery life and safety limitations.In the process of solving these problems,it is necessary to maintain a high sulfur content in the cathode materials to ensure that the LSBs have high energy densities and excellent cycle performance.In this review,the novel preparation methods and cathode materials used for preparing LSBs in recent years are reviewed considering the sulfur content and cycle performance.In addition,the problems and difficulties in practically applying cathode materials are described,and the development trend is discussed.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery is regarded as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to the ultra-high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg^(-1).To address the insulation nature of sulfu...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery is regarded as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to the ultra-high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg^(-1).To address the insulation nature of sulfur,nanocarbon composition is essential to afford acceptable cycling capacity but inevitably sacrifices the actual energy density under working conditions.Therefore,rational structural design of the carbon/sulfur composite cathode is of great significance to realize satisfactory electrochemical performances with limited carbon content.Herein,the cathode carbon distribution is rationally regulated to construct high-sulfur-content and high-performance Li-S batteries.Concretely,a double-layer carbon(DLC)cathode is prepared by fabricating a surface carbon layer on the carbon/sulfur composite.The surface carbon layer not only provides more electrochemically active surfaces,but also blocks the polysulfide shuttle.Consequently,the DLC configuration with an increased sulfur content by nearly 10 wt%renders an initial areal capacity of 3.40 mAh cm^(-2) and capacity retention of 83.8%during 50 cycles,which is about two times than that of the low-sulfur-content cathode.The strategy of carbon distribution regulation affords an effective pathway to construct advanced high-sulfur-content cathodes for practical high-energy-density Li-S batteries.展开更多
Engineering properties of municipal solid waste （MSW） depend largely on the waste＇s initial compositionand degree of degradation. MSWs in developing countries usually have a high kitchen waste content（called HKWC ...Engineering properties of municipal solid waste （MSW） depend largely on the waste＇s initial compositionand degree of degradation. MSWs in developing countries usually have a high kitchen waste content（called HKWC MSW）. After comparing and analyzing the laboratory and field test results of physicalcomposition, hydraulic properties, gas generation and gas permeability, and mechanical properties forHKWC MSW and low kitchen waste content MSW （called LKWC MSW）, the following findings wereobtained： （1） HKWC MSW has a higher initial water content （IWC） than LKWC MSW, but the field capacitiesof decomposed HKWC and LKWC MSWs are similar; （2） the hydraulic conductivity and gaspermeability for HKWC MSW are both an order of magnitude smaller than those for LKWC MSW; （3）compared with LKWC MSW, HKWC MSW has a higher landfill gas （LFG） generation rate but a shorterduration and a lower potential capacity; （4） the primary compression feature for decomposed HKWCMSW is similar to that of decomposed LKWC MSW, but the compression induced by degradation ofHKWC MSW is greater than that of LKWC MSW; and （5） the shear strength of HKWC MSW changessignificantly with time and strain. Based on the differences of engineering properties between these twokinds of MSWs, the geo-environmental issues in HKWC MSW landfills were analyzed, including highleachate production, high leachate mounds, low LFG collection efficiency, large settlement and slopestability problem, and corresponding advice for the management and design of HKWC MSW landfills wasrecommended.展开更多
A pulsed Nd：YAG （yttrium aluminum garnet） laser-based technique was employed to clad low silicon steel with preplaced Si and Fe mixed powders for high Si content. The surface morphology, microstructural evolution, ...A pulsed Nd：YAG （yttrium aluminum garnet） laser-based technique was employed to clad low silicon steel with preplaced Si and Fe mixed powders for high Si content. The surface morphology, microstructural evolution, phase composition, and Si distribution, within the obtained cladding coatings, were characterized by optical microscopy （OM）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）, with associated energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The microhardness was also measured along the depth direction of the specimens, A crack- and pore-free cladding coating through excellent metallurgical bonding with the substrate was successfully prepared on low silicon steel by means of optimized single-track and multi-track laser cladding. The phases of the coating are a-Fe, T-Fe, and FeSi. The high microhardness of the lasercladding zone is considered as an increase in Si content and as the refined microstructure produced by the laser treatment. The Si contents of the cladding coatings were about 5.8wt% in the single-track cladding and 6.5wt% in the multi-track cladding, respectively.展开更多
To solve the problems of high moisture content,high viscosity,and poor engineering mechanical properties of soil,this paper using with steel slag(SS)and desulfurization ash(DS)as initial raw materials,realizing the co...To solve the problems of high moisture content,high viscosity,and poor engineering mechanical properties of soil,this paper using with steel slag(SS)and desulfurization ash(DS)as initial raw materials,realizing the coop-erative treatment of solid waste and solidification of silt soil.The synergistic utilization of SS and DS can reduce the production cost of curing agent and promote its own consumption.According to blended cement of various SS contents and inspected compressive strength performances,the most suitable raw materials ratio was selected.The best formula for this curing agent is cement:steel slag=3:7 with 5%DS,and its 28-day compressive strength can reach 30 MPa.The experiment shows that the effect of DS and Na_(2)SO_(4) reagent with the same quality on early compressive strength improvement of cement and SS system is not much different.In this study,the mineral composition and microstructure of different gel system blocks were characterized by XRD,SEM and EDX,and a large number of webbed structures were found in the SEM test,which was not seen in previous studies.Besides,unconfined compressive strength(UCS),water resistance,and toxic characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP)were used to evaluate silt solidified soil properties.The results demonstrated that the solidified silt could meet not only the standard of general subgrade;but also has a partial stabilization effect of heavy metal ions.展开更多
A new type of high water content material which is made up of two pastes is prepared, one is refute from lime and gypsum, and another is based on Ba-bearing sulphoaluminate cement. It has excellent properties such as ...A new type of high water content material which is made up of two pastes is prepared, one is refute from lime and gypsum, and another is based on Ba-bearing sulphoaluminate cement. It has excellent properties such as slow single paste solidifing ,fust double pustes solidifing ,fast coagulating and hardening, high early strength, good suspeasion property at high W/C ratio and low cost. Meanwhile, the properties and hydration mechanism of the material were analyzed by using XRD, DTA- TG and SEM. The hydrated products of new type of high water content material are Ba-bearing ettringite, BaSO4 , aluminum gel and C-S-H gel.展开更多
FeCe nanocomposite catalysts with different iron contents were synthesized by a facile co-precipitation method.The as-prepared materials were characterized by various techniques including powder X-ray diffraction(XRD)...FeCe nanocomposite catalysts with different iron contents were synthesized by a facile co-precipitation method.The as-prepared materials were characterized by various techniques including powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),N2 adsorption/desorption and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM).Catalyst with the highest iron content(90 FeCe) shows the best activity for the hydrogen generation via ammonia decomposition.83% NH3 conversion is achieved at 550℃ and nearly full conversion of NH3 is realized at 600℃ with a GHSV of 24000 cm3/(gcat·h).The large content and small size crystal particles of iron species are responsible for the good catalytic performance.Temperatureprogrammed reduction by hydrogen(H2-TPR) was performed to investigate the interaction between cerium and iron species.It is found that slight cerium can exert strong interaction with iron compound thus effectively prevent the self-aggregation of active iron species,so as to improve the catalytic activity for ammonia decomposition.展开更多
The corrosion behavior of the 110S tube steel in the environments of high H2 S and CO2 content was inves- tigated by using a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave, and the corrosion products were characterized ...The corrosion behavior of the 110S tube steel in the environments of high H2 S and CO2 content was inves- tigated by using a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave, and the corrosion products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X ray diffraction technique. The results showed that all of the corrosion products under the test conditions mainly consisted of different types of iron sulfides such as pyrrhotite of Fe0.95 S, mackinaw- ite of FeS0.9, Fe0. 985 S and FeS, and the absence of iron carbonate in the corrosion scales indicated that the corrosion process was controlled by H2S corrosion. The corrosion rate of the 110S steel decreased firstly and then increased with the rising of temperature. The minimum corrosion rate occurred at 110 ℃. When the H2 S partial pressure PH2s below 9 MPa, the corrosion rate declined with the increase of PH2s. While over 9 MPa, a higher PH2s resulted in a faster corrosion process. With the increasing of the CO2 partial pressure, the corrosion rate had an increasing trend. The morphologies of the corrosion scales had a good accordance with the corrosion rates.展开更多
K416B Ni-based superalloy with high W content has good high temperature properties and low cost,which has a great development potential.To investigate the room temperature tensile property and the deformation feature ...K416B Ni-based superalloy with high W content has good high temperature properties and low cost,which has a great development potential.To investigate the room temperature tensile property and the deformation feature of K416B superalloy,tensile testing at room temperature was carried out,and optical microscopy (OM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to analyze the deformation and damage mechanisms.Results show that the main room temperature tensile deformation features of the K416B nickel-based superalloy are dislocations slipping in the matrix and shearing into γ’ phase.The <110> super-dislocations shearing into γ’ phase can form the anti-phase boundary two coupled (a/2)<110> partial-dislocations or decompose into the configuration of two (a/3)<112> partial dislocations plus stacking fault.In the later stage of tensile testing,the slip-lines with different orientations are activated in the grain,causing the stress concentration in the regions of block carbide or the porosity,and cracks initiate and propagate along these regions.展开更多
Mesoporous silicon oxynitrides MCM-41 were synthesized successfully. The resulting materials not only have high nitrogen contents and good structural characteristics of MCM-41 (high surface area, narrow pore size dist...Mesoporous silicon oxynitrides MCM-41 were synthesized successfully. The resulting materials not only have high nitrogen contents and good structural characteristics of MCM-41 (high surface area, narrow pore size distribution and good order), but also are amorphous. The composition and structure of the materials were investigated by CNH element analysis, XPS, Si MAS NMR, XRD, HRTEM and N-2 sorption, respectively. Mesoporous silicon oxynitrides MCM-41 with a high nitrogen content are still non-crystal (amorphous).展开更多
The microemulsion copolymerizations of acrylic acid (AA),acrylamide (AM),N-methylol acrylamide (NMA),methylmethacrylate (MMA),butyl acrylate (BA) and acrylonitrile (AN) initiated by the redox initiator ammonium persul...The microemulsion copolymerizations of acrylic acid (AA),acrylamide (AM),N-methylol acrylamide (NMA),methylmethacrylate (MMA),butyl acrylate (BA) and acrylonitrile (AN) initiated by the redox initiator ammonium persulfate (APS) and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) at ambient temperature were investigated.With this process high solids-content (44.0 wt%) and small (less than 50 nm) particle diameter copolymer latexes were attained.The effects of surfactants,the mechanical stabilities and application properties as an environmentally friendly self-crosslinking pigment printing binder with multifunctional groups were studied.展开更多
文摘Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been widely used in China and other Asia countries for thousands of years to treat or prevent human diseases. Chinese herbal medicine, one of the most important components of TCM, has unique diversities in chemical components, and thus results in a wide range of biological activities. However, pharmaceutical industry is facing a major challenge to develop a large population of novel natural products and drugs, and considerable efforts have not resulted in highvolume of novel drug discovery and productivity. At present, increasing attention has been paid to Chinese herb medicine modernization in combination with the cutting-age technologies of drug discovery, especially the high throughput selection. High content imaging is an image-based high throughput screening method by using automated microscopy and image analysis software to capture and analyze phenotypes at a large scale to investigate multiple biological features simultaneously in the biological complex. Here, we described the pipeline of the state-of-the-art high content imaging technology, summarized the applications of the high content imaging technology in drug discovery from traditional Chinese herbal medicine, and finally discussed the current challenges and future perspectives for development of high throughput image-based screening technology in novel drug research and discovery.
文摘On the basis of the data obtained from the comprehensive Kuroshio surveys in 1987-1988,this paper analyses the oceanographic characteristics in the area (125°-130° E,27°-31° N) of the continental shelf edge of the East China Sea (E. C. S. ) and its adjacent waters and discusses the effects of the Kuroshio front,thermocline and upwelling of the Kuroshio subsurface water on the distribution of standing stock of phytoplankton (chlorophyll-a). The distribution of high content of chlorophylly-a has been detected at 20-50 in depth in the water body on the left side of the Kuroshio front in the continental shelf edge waters of the E. C. S. The high content of chlorophyll-a spreads from the shelf area to the Kuroshio area in the form of a tongue and connects with the maximum layer of subsurface chlorophyll-a of the Kuroshio and pelagic sea. The author considers that the formation of the distribution of high content chlorophyll-a in this area results from the bottom topography and oceanic environment and there are close correlations between the high content of chlorophyll-a and the light-nutrient environment.
文摘ARHM asphalt rubber has been applied in pavement engineering research for more than 20 years in our country. It has been applied and popularized in Beijing-Qinhuangdao Expressway, Jinshi Expressway and other projects successively, but its content is relatively low. According to the characteristics that rubber powder can greatly improve the durability of asphalt concrete, the research on the mix proportion of high content (30%) rubber powder asphalt concrete was carried out. It has been verified that it has significantly improved the dynamic stability, low-temperature bending, freeze-thaw splitting and water seepage performance, and has been put into use in the bid section ZT2 of Jingde Expressway, meeting the use requirements of "no minor repair for 15 years and no major repair for 40 years" for the permanent pavement of Jingde Expressway.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21978193)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (Nos.20210302123107, 20181102005, and 20181102019)。
文摘The effect of partial substitution of Mg for Ni on a high-sodium and lithium-free layered P2-type Na_(45/54)Mg_(6)/_(54)Ni_(12/54)Mn_(34/54)O_(2) cathode with high initial Coulombic efficiency and excellent cyclic stability has been investigated in this study.Based on the crystal structural analysis,the Mg doping can retain the P2 structure up to 4.3 V,thus restraining the detrimental phase transformation of P2-02during the Na-ion intercalation/deintercalation process.Therefore,the obtained Mg-doped P2-type cathode exhibits a reversible specific capacity of 109 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1C between 2.0 and 4.3 V and a retention rate of 81.5% after 200cycles at 1C.In addition,the full cell consisting of Mg-doped P2-type cathode and hard carbon anode shows a capacity retention rate of 85.6% after 100 cycles.This study provides new insight into the development of durable cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (21773128)。
文摘Heteroatom-doped carbon-based transition-metal single-atom catalysts(SACs) are promising electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). Herein, with the aid of hierarchically porous silica as hard template, a facile and general melting perfusion and mesopore-confined pyrolysis method was reported to prepare single-atomic Fe/N–S-doped carbon catalyst(FeNx/NC-S) with hierarchically porous structure and well-defined morphology. The FeNx/NC-S exhibited excellent ORR activity with a half-wave potential(E_(1/2)) of 0.92 V, and a lower overpotential of 320 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)for OER under alkaline condition. The remarkable electrocatalysis performance can be attributed to the hierarchically porous carbon nanospheres with S doping and high content of Fe-Nx sites(up to 3.7 wt% of Fe), resulting from the nano-confinement effect of the hierarchically porous silica spheres(NKM-5) during the pyrolysis process. The rechargeable Zn-air battery with FeNx/NC-S as a cathode catalyst demonstrated a superior power density of 194.5 mW cm-2charge–discharge stability. This work highlights a new avenue to design advanced SACs for efficient sustainable energy storage and conversion.
基金This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 81430094).
文摘Objective:Lipid droplet(LD)deposition in adipose tissue is a critical factor leading to metabolic dysfunction.Various herbal medicines in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)are used to treat hyperlipidemia,type 2 diabetes,obesity,and other diseases.The objective of this study was to identify potential anti-adipogenic agents from TCM herbal compounds.Methods:One hundred and twenty compounds were evaluated in terms of their effect on adipocyte differentiation through image-based high content screening.Anti-adipogenic effects of identified hits were further confirmed at various concentrations.In addition,drug-induced liver injury assay was performed with HepG2 cells to test the hepatotoxicity of hit compounds.Results:Berbamine(BBM),a chemical isolated from barberry,and a derivative of BBM,berbamine dihydrochloride(BBMD),reduced LDs formation by more than 50%.Dose-dependent effects were observed and the IC50 values of the two hits,BBM and BBMD,were determined as 1.88 mM and 0.95 mM,respectively.Moreover,BBM induced mild HepG2 cell injury,while its dihydrochloridedBBMD did not exhibit hepatotoxicity within 40 mM.Conclusion:This study demonstrates that BBMD may be a potential therapeutic candidate for disorders associated with elevated LDs accumulation.
基金supported under the strategic academic leadership program“Priority 2030”of the Russian Federation(Agreement 075-15-2021-1333 dated 30.09.2021).
文摘The paper is devoted to the two-phase flow simulation.The gas-condensate mixture flow in a horizontal pipe under high pressure is considered.The influence of the equation of state(EOS)choice for mixture properties modelling on the flow regime calculation results is studied for gas with high content of methane homologues.An analytical overview of the methods to predict the flow pattern is provided.Based on this analysis,two techniques are selected.For these techniques,values of density and viscosity for each phase are required.Density calculation for the gas phase is performed with Van der Waals based EOS.The propriate EOS is selected based on studies of calculation errors for test mixtures.Calculation of liquid phase density is done by means of Patela-Teja and Guo-Du equations,two different models are considered for viscosity estimation.The flow patterns of gas-condensate mixture in a range of temperatures and pressures are calculated and verified via probability map.The results of study allow to recommend the Brusilovsky EOS for calculation of densities for similar gas mixtures and make more rigorous flow regime evaluation.The probability map shows that for the chosen composition and parameters of media the flow pattern is mostly transitional between segregated and annular independent from EOS.
文摘Shuangyou 092, a Brassica napus cultivar with high oil content, high quality and high yield, was bred by Institute of Industrial Crops of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences with Zhongshuang 9 as female parent, and the cytoplasmic male sterility maintainer line 32B as male parent. It was registered and released in 2014. The average yield was 2 858.5 kg/hm^2 in Henan province regional test of high quality, 12.43% higher than the check variety Fengyou 9 in 2010-2011 and 2011-2012. Its yield was 3 478.8 kg/ha in Henan Province productive test of high quality,9.52% higher than the check variety Fengyou 9 in 2012-2013. According to the test results in 2011-2012 and 2012-2013, the seeds quality of Shuangyou 092 was very good with near zero erucic acid （0.0%, 0.1%） in fat acid, 17.19 μmol/g and 19.78 μmol/g glucosinolates in its meal, the oil content of 46.60% and 45.76%. The cultivar was resistant （tolerant） to Sclerotinia, virus diseases, cold, and lodging. Its high yield and high quality can be obtained by planting in large scale, sowing at right time, rational close planting, balancing fertilizer and harvesting at right time.
基金supported by the National Key Technolo-gy R&D Program(No.2006BAC06B04,2006BAC02A03)the Key Grant Project of Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(No.06dz12308).
文摘The high water content of municipal solid waste(MSW)will reduce the effciency of mechanical sorting,consequently unfavorable for beneficial utilization.In this study,a combined hydrolytic-aerobic biodrying technology was introduced to remove water from MSW.The total water removals were proved to depend on the ventilation frequency and the temporal span in the hydrolytic stage. The ventilation frequency of 6 times/d was preferable in the hydrolytic stage.The hydrolytic span should not be prolonged more than ...
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52103093)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(2021QNRC001)+2 种基金the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20212BAB214048)Science and Technology Support Project of Shangrao(2020L009,2021J006)Science and Technological Project of Education Department of Jiangxi(GJJ211704)for funding their contributions to this paper。
文摘Lithium sulfur batteries(LSBs)are recognized as promising devices for developing next-generation energy storage systems.In addition,they are attractive rechargeable battery systems for replacing lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)for commercial use owing to their higher theoretical energy density and lower cost compared to those of LIBs.However,LSBs are still beset with some persistent issues that prevent them from being used industrially,such as the unavoidable dissolution of lithium polysulfide intermediates during electrochemical reactions and large volume expansion(up to 80%)upon the formation of Li_(2)S,resulting in serious battery life and safety limitations.In the process of solving these problems,it is necessary to maintain a high sulfur content in the cathode materials to ensure that the LSBs have high energy densities and excellent cycle performance.In this review,the novel preparation methods and cathode materials used for preparing LSBs in recent years are reviewed considering the sulfur content and cycle performance.In addition,the problems and difficulties in practically applying cathode materials are described,and the development trend is discussed.
基金supported by Scientific and Technological Key Project of Shanxi Province(20191102003)National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFA0202500)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21776019)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L182021)。
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery is regarded as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to the ultra-high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg^(-1).To address the insulation nature of sulfur,nanocarbon composition is essential to afford acceptable cycling capacity but inevitably sacrifices the actual energy density under working conditions.Therefore,rational structural design of the carbon/sulfur composite cathode is of great significance to realize satisfactory electrochemical performances with limited carbon content.Herein,the cathode carbon distribution is rationally regulated to construct high-sulfur-content and high-performance Li-S batteries.Concretely,a double-layer carbon(DLC)cathode is prepared by fabricating a surface carbon layer on the carbon/sulfur composite.The surface carbon layer not only provides more electrochemically active surfaces,but also blocks the polysulfide shuttle.Consequently,the DLC configuration with an increased sulfur content by nearly 10 wt%renders an initial areal capacity of 3.40 mAh cm^(-2) and capacity retention of 83.8%during 50 cycles,which is about two times than that of the low-sulfur-content cathode.The strategy of carbon distribution regulation affords an effective pathway to construct advanced high-sulfur-content cathodes for practical high-energy-density Li-S batteries.
基金Financial support provided by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Project)(Grant No.2012CB719806)
文摘Engineering properties of municipal solid waste （MSW） depend largely on the waste＇s initial compositionand degree of degradation. MSWs in developing countries usually have a high kitchen waste content（called HKWC MSW）. After comparing and analyzing the laboratory and field test results of physicalcomposition, hydraulic properties, gas generation and gas permeability, and mechanical properties forHKWC MSW and low kitchen waste content MSW （called LKWC MSW）, the following findings wereobtained： （1） HKWC MSW has a higher initial water content （IWC） than LKWC MSW, but the field capacitiesof decomposed HKWC and LKWC MSWs are similar; （2） the hydraulic conductivity and gaspermeability for HKWC MSW are both an order of magnitude smaller than those for LKWC MSW; （3）compared with LKWC MSW, HKWC MSW has a higher landfill gas （LFG） generation rate but a shorterduration and a lower potential capacity; （4） the primary compression feature for decomposed HKWCMSW is similar to that of decomposed LKWC MSW, but the compression induced by degradation ofHKWC MSW is greater than that of LKWC MSW; and （5） the shear strength of HKWC MSW changessignificantly with time and strain. Based on the differences of engineering properties between these twokinds of MSWs, the geo-environmental issues in HKWC MSW landfills were analyzed, including highleachate production, high leachate mounds, low LFG collection efficiency, large settlement and slopestability problem, and corresponding advice for the management and design of HKWC MSW landfills wasrecommended.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50474084).
文摘A pulsed Nd：YAG （yttrium aluminum garnet） laser-based technique was employed to clad low silicon steel with preplaced Si and Fe mixed powders for high Si content. The surface morphology, microstructural evolution, phase composition, and Si distribution, within the obtained cladding coatings, were characterized by optical microscopy （OM）, field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）, with associated energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The microhardness was also measured along the depth direction of the specimens, A crack- and pore-free cladding coating through excellent metallurgical bonding with the substrate was successfully prepared on low silicon steel by means of optimized single-track and multi-track laser cladding. The phases of the coating are a-Fe, T-Fe, and FeSi. The high microhardness of the lasercladding zone is considered as an increase in Si content and as the refined microstructure produced by the laser treatment. The Si contents of the cladding coatings were about 5.8wt% in the single-track cladding and 6.5wt% in the multi-track cladding, respectively.
基金Funding from the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology Key Research and Development Program(Social Development)(Grant No.BE2018697)the Demonstration Engineering Technology Research Center of Suqian Science and Technology Bureau(Grant No.M201912)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Department Social Development Project(Grant No.BE2017704)a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘To solve the problems of high moisture content,high viscosity,and poor engineering mechanical properties of soil,this paper using with steel slag(SS)and desulfurization ash(DS)as initial raw materials,realizing the coop-erative treatment of solid waste and solidification of silt soil.The synergistic utilization of SS and DS can reduce the production cost of curing agent and promote its own consumption.According to blended cement of various SS contents and inspected compressive strength performances,the most suitable raw materials ratio was selected.The best formula for this curing agent is cement:steel slag=3:7 with 5%DS,and its 28-day compressive strength can reach 30 MPa.The experiment shows that the effect of DS and Na_(2)SO_(4) reagent with the same quality on early compressive strength improvement of cement and SS system is not much different.In this study,the mineral composition and microstructure of different gel system blocks were characterized by XRD,SEM and EDX,and a large number of webbed structures were found in the SEM test,which was not seen in previous studies.Besides,unconfined compressive strength(UCS),water resistance,and toxic characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP)were used to evaluate silt solidified soil properties.The results demonstrated that the solidified silt could meet not only the standard of general subgrade;but also has a partial stabilization effect of heavy metal ions.
文摘A new type of high water content material which is made up of two pastes is prepared, one is refute from lime and gypsum, and another is based on Ba-bearing sulphoaluminate cement. It has excellent properties such as slow single paste solidifing ,fust double pustes solidifing ,fast coagulating and hardening, high early strength, good suspeasion property at high W/C ratio and low cost. Meanwhile, the properties and hydration mechanism of the material were analyzed by using XRD, DTA- TG and SEM. The hydrated products of new type of high water content material are Ba-bearing ettringite, BaSO4 , aluminum gel and C-S-H gel.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20170232,BK20170238)National Natural Science Foundation of China (51908256)。
文摘FeCe nanocomposite catalysts with different iron contents were synthesized by a facile co-precipitation method.The as-prepared materials were characterized by various techniques including powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),N2 adsorption/desorption and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM).Catalyst with the highest iron content(90 FeCe) shows the best activity for the hydrogen generation via ammonia decomposition.83% NH3 conversion is achieved at 550℃ and nearly full conversion of NH3 is realized at 600℃ with a GHSV of 24000 cm3/(gcat·h).The large content and small size crystal particles of iron species are responsible for the good catalytic performance.Temperatureprogrammed reduction by hydrogen(H2-TPR) was performed to investigate the interaction between cerium and iron species.It is found that slight cerium can exert strong interaction with iron compound thus effectively prevent the self-aggregation of active iron species,so as to improve the catalytic activity for ammonia decomposition.
基金Sponsored by Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects of China(2008ZX05017-002)
文摘The corrosion behavior of the 110S tube steel in the environments of high H2 S and CO2 content was inves- tigated by using a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave, and the corrosion products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X ray diffraction technique. The results showed that all of the corrosion products under the test conditions mainly consisted of different types of iron sulfides such as pyrrhotite of Fe0.95 S, mackinaw- ite of FeS0.9, Fe0. 985 S and FeS, and the absence of iron carbonate in the corrosion scales indicated that the corrosion process was controlled by H2S corrosion. The corrosion rate of the 110S steel decreased firstly and then increased with the rising of temperature. The minimum corrosion rate occurred at 110 ℃. When the H2 S partial pressure PH2s below 9 MPa, the corrosion rate declined with the increase of PH2s. While over 9 MPa, a higher PH2s resulted in a faster corrosion process. With the increasing of the CO2 partial pressure, the corrosion rate had an increasing trend. The morphologies of the corrosion scales had a good accordance with the corrosion rates.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2010CB631200 and 2010CB631206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51701212,No.50931004,No.51571196,No.51601192 and No.51671188)+4 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NWPU(SKLSP201747)Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2019-MS-336)the Key Regional Project of Science and Technology Service Network Program,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KFJ-STS-QYZX-079)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association Project,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2020)the National Science and Technology Major Project(J2019-VI-0018-0133)。
文摘K416B Ni-based superalloy with high W content has good high temperature properties and low cost,which has a great development potential.To investigate the room temperature tensile property and the deformation feature of K416B superalloy,tensile testing at room temperature was carried out,and optical microscopy (OM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to analyze the deformation and damage mechanisms.Results show that the main room temperature tensile deformation features of the K416B nickel-based superalloy are dislocations slipping in the matrix and shearing into γ’ phase.The <110> super-dislocations shearing into γ’ phase can form the anti-phase boundary two coupled (a/2)<110> partial-dislocations or decompose into the configuration of two (a/3)<112> partial dislocations plus stacking fault.In the later stage of tensile testing,the slip-lines with different orientations are activated in the grain,causing the stress concentration in the regions of block carbide or the porosity,and cracks initiate and propagate along these regions.
文摘Mesoporous silicon oxynitrides MCM-41 were synthesized successfully. The resulting materials not only have high nitrogen contents and good structural characteristics of MCM-41 (high surface area, narrow pore size distribution and good order), but also are amorphous. The composition and structure of the materials were investigated by CNH element analysis, XPS, Si MAS NMR, XRD, HRTEM and N-2 sorption, respectively. Mesoporous silicon oxynitrides MCM-41 with a high nitrogen content are still non-crystal (amorphous).
文摘The microemulsion copolymerizations of acrylic acid (AA),acrylamide (AM),N-methylol acrylamide (NMA),methylmethacrylate (MMA),butyl acrylate (BA) and acrylonitrile (AN) initiated by the redox initiator ammonium persulfate (APS) and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) at ambient temperature were investigated.With this process high solids-content (44.0 wt%) and small (less than 50 nm) particle diameter copolymer latexes were attained.The effects of surfactants,the mechanical stabilities and application properties as an environmentally friendly self-crosslinking pigment printing binder with multifunctional groups were studied.
