Subcutaneous administration of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in 0.5 LDso and 1.0 LD50 to female rabbits resulted in significant increases of hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and leukocyte count in blood, as well as plas...Subcutaneous administration of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in 0.5 LDso and 1.0 LD50 to female rabbits resulted in significant increases of hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and leukocyte count in blood, as well as plasma total proteins, urea and cholesterol. A significant decrease in plasma albumin level was only observed in the 1.0 LD50 group. Urine of MIC intoxicated animals showed presence of protein, bilirubin, elevated urea and urobilinogen, while urine volume was reduced. The hematological and biochemical changes induced by MIC are perhaps the result of fluid loss from the vascular compartment as evidenced by the histopathological observations. This study further substantiates the view that acute toxicity of MIC is mediated in vivo by its effects on vascular beds.展开更多
BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a systemic protozoan infection caused by Leishmania donovani(L.donovani)and transmitted by sand flies,causing macrophage invasion in the liver,spleen,and bone marrow.Diagnosis o...BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a systemic protozoan infection caused by Leishmania donovani(L.donovani)and transmitted by sand flies,causing macrophage invasion in the liver,spleen,and bone marrow.Diagnosis of VL is currently based on clinical signs,symptoms,and specific in-vitro markers and bone marrow investigations.However,VL's specific hematological and bone marrow manifestation in Sudanese pediatric patients is not well studied.AIM To examine the blood and bone marrow characteristics in pediatric patients from Sudan who have VL.METHODS This is a retrospective hospital-based study with a sample of 107 consecutive Sudanese pediatric patients.The data focused on hematological and bone marrow results.We included only the completed records of the pediatric patients with VL in the Tropical Disease Teaching Hospital in Khartoum,Sudan from the period of 2016 to 2020.RESULTS The majority of pediatric patients included in this study are below 5-years-old(n=59,55.2%).Moreover,anemia,thrombocytopenia,and leukopenia were among the prevalent characteristics in the population under study.To further analyze the data,we developed a machine learning model using boosted forest algorithms to predict L.donovani parasites load,with a mean accuracy of 0.88 for the training dataset and an accuracy of 0.46,0.50,and 0.74 for mild,moderate,and severe L.donovani parasite load in the validation dataset.CONCLUSION This study shows that the most common bone marrow change among Sudanese VL children was increased chronic inflammatory cells(n=88,82.2%)with present macrophage hemophagocytes(n=103,96.3%).While anemia and thrombocytopenia were the most common hematological changes.These results will hopefully lead to an early diagnosis and hence better management for Sudanese pediatric patients with suspected VL.展开更多
Objective To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of prolonged cytopenia(PC)in patients with large B-cell lymphoma(LBCL)undergoing anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cell therapy Methods A retrospe...Objective To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of prolonged cytopenia(PC)in patients with large B-cell lymphoma(LBCL)undergoing anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cell therapy Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted on LBCL patients who received CAR-T cell therapy with a survival time of over one month at the Hematology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 2019 to December 2023.Statistical analyses were performed on hematologic changes at 1,3,6,and 12 months post-CAR-T infusion,as well as on the progression-freesurvival(PFS)and post-treatment adverse events,including infections.Patientswere categorized into the PC and non-PC groups based on the occurrence of cytopenia at 90 days post-infusion.Differences between1groups were compared,and univariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors.Results The median age of 27 LBCL patients receiving CAR-T cell therapy was 58 years(range 27-69 years),with 18 males.Among the 27 LBCL patients who received CAR-T cell therapy,PC was observed in 19 patients(70.4%),with instances of neutropenia(48.1%,13 cases),anemia(37.0%,10 cases),and thrombocytopenia(22.2%,6 cases).Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that prior chemotherapy sensitivity(0R=18.00,95%CI 1.56-207.45,P=0.020)and bone marrow suppression(OR=18.00,95%CI 1.38-235.69,P=0.028)were associated with PC.The median follow-up time was 13.5 months.The PC group exhibited a higher risk of infection within 3 months(9/19 vs.1/8)and a shorter mean PFS(19.3 months vs.24.4 months),although the difference was not statistically significant(both P>0.05).Conclusion PC is common following CAR-T cell therapy and is associated with an increased risk of infection and poorer prognosis.Prior treatment sensitivity and bone marrow suppression may serve as indicators of PC.展开更多
文摘Subcutaneous administration of methyl isocyanate (MIC) in 0.5 LDso and 1.0 LD50 to female rabbits resulted in significant increases of hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and leukocyte count in blood, as well as plasma total proteins, urea and cholesterol. A significant decrease in plasma albumin level was only observed in the 1.0 LD50 group. Urine of MIC intoxicated animals showed presence of protein, bilirubin, elevated urea and urobilinogen, while urine volume was reduced. The hematological and biochemical changes induced by MIC are perhaps the result of fluid loss from the vascular compartment as evidenced by the histopathological observations. This study further substantiates the view that acute toxicity of MIC is mediated in vivo by its effects on vascular beds.
文摘BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is a systemic protozoan infection caused by Leishmania donovani(L.donovani)and transmitted by sand flies,causing macrophage invasion in the liver,spleen,and bone marrow.Diagnosis of VL is currently based on clinical signs,symptoms,and specific in-vitro markers and bone marrow investigations.However,VL's specific hematological and bone marrow manifestation in Sudanese pediatric patients is not well studied.AIM To examine the blood and bone marrow characteristics in pediatric patients from Sudan who have VL.METHODS This is a retrospective hospital-based study with a sample of 107 consecutive Sudanese pediatric patients.The data focused on hematological and bone marrow results.We included only the completed records of the pediatric patients with VL in the Tropical Disease Teaching Hospital in Khartoum,Sudan from the period of 2016 to 2020.RESULTS The majority of pediatric patients included in this study are below 5-years-old(n=59,55.2%).Moreover,anemia,thrombocytopenia,and leukopenia were among the prevalent characteristics in the population under study.To further analyze the data,we developed a machine learning model using boosted forest algorithms to predict L.donovani parasites load,with a mean accuracy of 0.88 for the training dataset and an accuracy of 0.46,0.50,and 0.74 for mild,moderate,and severe L.donovani parasite load in the validation dataset.CONCLUSION This study shows that the most common bone marrow change among Sudanese VL children was increased chronic inflammatory cells(n=88,82.2%)with present macrophage hemophagocytes(n=103,96.3%).While anemia and thrombocytopenia were the most common hematological changes.These results will hopefully lead to an early diagnosis and hence better management for Sudanese pediatric patients with suspected VL.
文摘Objective To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of prolonged cytopenia(PC)in patients with large B-cell lymphoma(LBCL)undergoing anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cell therapy Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted on LBCL patients who received CAR-T cell therapy with a survival time of over one month at the Hematology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from March 2019 to December 2023.Statistical analyses were performed on hematologic changes at 1,3,6,and 12 months post-CAR-T infusion,as well as on the progression-freesurvival(PFS)and post-treatment adverse events,including infections.Patientswere categorized into the PC and non-PC groups based on the occurrence of cytopenia at 90 days post-infusion.Differences between1groups were compared,and univariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors.Results The median age of 27 LBCL patients receiving CAR-T cell therapy was 58 years(range 27-69 years),with 18 males.Among the 27 LBCL patients who received CAR-T cell therapy,PC was observed in 19 patients(70.4%),with instances of neutropenia(48.1%,13 cases),anemia(37.0%,10 cases),and thrombocytopenia(22.2%,6 cases).Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that prior chemotherapy sensitivity(0R=18.00,95%CI 1.56-207.45,P=0.020)and bone marrow suppression(OR=18.00,95%CI 1.38-235.69,P=0.028)were associated with PC.The median follow-up time was 13.5 months.The PC group exhibited a higher risk of infection within 3 months(9/19 vs.1/8)and a shorter mean PFS(19.3 months vs.24.4 months),although the difference was not statistically significant(both P>0.05).Conclusion PC is common following CAR-T cell therapy and is associated with an increased risk of infection and poorer prognosis.Prior treatment sensitivity and bone marrow suppression may serve as indicators of PC.
