Vertical jump height is a fundamental measure of neuromuscular power in sports science.A diverse array of measurement instruments is available,yet selecting the appropriate technology requires a nuanced understanding ...Vertical jump height is a fundamental measure of neuromuscular power in sports science.A diverse array of measurement instruments is available,yet selecting the appropriate technology requires a nuanced understanding of the trade-offs between accuracy,cost,and practicality.This comprehensive technical review synthesizes the current state of vertical jump instrumentation.We systematically analyze four primary methodologies:direct measurement,motion capture(kinematic),force platform(kinetic),and flight time-based systems.The underlying technical principles,error sources,and practical limitations of each are detailed.Our analysis reveals a clear hierarchy:force platforms and motion capture systems provide gold-standard accuracy(e.g.,±0.3 cm for force platforms)but are constrained by high cost and laboratory environments.Conversely,flight time-based systems and smartphone applications offer excellent portability and accessibility but are subject to systematic errors(1-4 cm overestimation)and lower temporal resolution.Furthermore,we examine how emerging technologies,including artificial intelligence and wearable sensors,are poised to bridge the gap between laboratory-grade accuracy and field-based utility.This review provides engineers and sports scientists with a consolidated framework to guide instrument selection,data interpretation,and future innovation in athletic performance assessment.展开更多
Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among leg extension strength,explosive strength,muscle activation,and measurements of growth to predictions of vertical jump performance in youth athl...Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among leg extension strength,explosive strength,muscle activation,and measurements of growth to predictions of vertical jump performance in youth athletes.Methods Height,body mass,skinfolds,and quadriceps femoris muscle cross-sectional area were measured in 39 sports active children(20 females,19 males,age=12.52±0.62 years old).Peak torque(PT),rate of torque development(RTD),rate of velocity development(RVD),and rate of electromyographic amplitude rise(RER)were measured during isometric and isokinetic leg extensions.PT,RTD,and RVD were expressed in absolute terms and normalized to body mass.Estimated jump height(JH)and peak power(PP)were assessed during static(SJ),counter-movement(CMJ),and drop(DJ)jumps.Results JH exhibited greater correlations with PT normalized to body mass(r=0.387-0.758)than absolute PT(r=0.338-0.417),whereas PP exhibited greater correlations with absolute PT(r=0.368-0.837).Only negligible to moderate relation-ships existed between JH and PP across all jumps(r=0.053-0.605).Over 50%of the variability in PP was predicted in 24 of 30 regression models with absolute muscle strength,muscle activation,and measurements of growth,while only 6 of 30 models predicted more than 50%of the variability in JH.Conclusion Overall,absolute static and dynamic muscle strength,muscle activation,and growth better explained PP meas-ured during vertical jumps than estimated JH.展开更多
文摘Vertical jump height is a fundamental measure of neuromuscular power in sports science.A diverse array of measurement instruments is available,yet selecting the appropriate technology requires a nuanced understanding of the trade-offs between accuracy,cost,and practicality.This comprehensive technical review synthesizes the current state of vertical jump instrumentation.We systematically analyze four primary methodologies:direct measurement,motion capture(kinematic),force platform(kinetic),and flight time-based systems.The underlying technical principles,error sources,and practical limitations of each are detailed.Our analysis reveals a clear hierarchy:force platforms and motion capture systems provide gold-standard accuracy(e.g.,±0.3 cm for force platforms)but are constrained by high cost and laboratory environments.Conversely,flight time-based systems and smartphone applications offer excellent portability and accessibility but are subject to systematic errors(1-4 cm overestimation)and lower temporal resolution.Furthermore,we examine how emerging technologies,including artificial intelligence and wearable sensors,are poised to bridge the gap between laboratory-grade accuracy and field-based utility.This review provides engineers and sports scientists with a consolidated framework to guide instrument selection,data interpretation,and future innovation in athletic performance assessment.
基金Efforts for this study were funded,in part,by the University of Nebraska Agriculture Research Division with funds provided by the Hatch Act(Agency:U.S.Department of Agriculture,National Institute of Food and AgricultureAccession No:1000080+1 种基金Project No:NEB-36-078)a grant from Abbott Nutrition,Columbus。
文摘Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among leg extension strength,explosive strength,muscle activation,and measurements of growth to predictions of vertical jump performance in youth athletes.Methods Height,body mass,skinfolds,and quadriceps femoris muscle cross-sectional area were measured in 39 sports active children(20 females,19 males,age=12.52±0.62 years old).Peak torque(PT),rate of torque development(RTD),rate of velocity development(RVD),and rate of electromyographic amplitude rise(RER)were measured during isometric and isokinetic leg extensions.PT,RTD,and RVD were expressed in absolute terms and normalized to body mass.Estimated jump height(JH)and peak power(PP)were assessed during static(SJ),counter-movement(CMJ),and drop(DJ)jumps.Results JH exhibited greater correlations with PT normalized to body mass(r=0.387-0.758)than absolute PT(r=0.338-0.417),whereas PP exhibited greater correlations with absolute PT(r=0.368-0.837).Only negligible to moderate relation-ships existed between JH and PP across all jumps(r=0.053-0.605).Over 50%of the variability in PP was predicted in 24 of 30 regression models with absolute muscle strength,muscle activation,and measurements of growth,while only 6 of 30 models predicted more than 50%of the variability in JH.Conclusion Overall,absolute static and dynamic muscle strength,muscle activation,and growth better explained PP meas-ured during vertical jumps than estimated JH.
