Estimating the residual heat of blast furnace slag flushing in China,classifying and introducing the current proposed methods of slag flushing waste heat utilization,and listing existing cases.In order to better save ...Estimating the residual heat of blast furnace slag flushing in China,classifying and introducing the current proposed methods of slag flushing waste heat utilization,and listing existing cases.In order to better save energy and water in the slag flushing process of blast furnaces,an ideal comprehensive cascade utilization system scheme for annual recovery of waste heat is proposed.Based on the measured waste heat data of a steel plant,design calculations are carried out to further analyze the economic feasibility of the new scheme and provide reference for its promotion and application.展开更多
In recent years, China pays more attention to the protection of environment and resources in the process of social and economic development, puts forward the development concept of green, energy saving and environment...In recent years, China pays more attention to the protection of environment and resources in the process of social and economic development, puts forward the development concept of green, energy saving and environmental protection, and carries on a clear specification for the development of various industries. Under the current situation, flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization technology has attracted more and more attention, which can avoid the waste of energy and maximize the interests of enterprises. Therefore, relevant personnel should pay attention to study and analyze the application of flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization technology, in order to provide some help for the development of enterprises.展开更多
The customarily discarded exhaust from the fossil fuel-based power plants of the off-grid mines holds the thermal potential to fulfill the heating requirement of the underground operation.This present research fills i...The customarily discarded exhaust from the fossil fuel-based power plants of the off-grid mines holds the thermal potential to fulfill the heating requirement of the underground operation.This present research fills in an important research gap by investigating the coupling effect between a diesel exhaust heat recovery and an intake air heating system employed in a remote mine.An integrative approach comprising analytical,numerical,and experimental assessment has been adapted.The novel analytical model developed here establishes the reliability of the proposed mine heating system by providing comparative analysis between a coupled and a decoupled system.The effect of working fluid variation has been examined by the numerical analysis and the possible improvement has been identified.Experimental investigations present a demonstration of the successful lab-scale implementation of the concept and validate the numerical and analytical models developed.Successful deployment of the fully coupled mine heating system proposed here will assist the mining industry on its journey towards energy-efficient,and sustainable mining practices through nearly 70%reduction in fossil fuel consumption for heating intentions.展开更多
The temperature separation was discovered inside the short vortex chamber （H/D = 0.18）. Experiments revealed that the highest temperature of the periphery was 465 ℃, and the lowest temperature of the central zone w...The temperature separation was discovered inside the short vortex chamber （H/D = 0.18）. Experiments revealed that the highest temperature of the periphery was 465 ℃, and the lowest temperature of the central zone was -45 ℃ （the compressed air was pumped into the chamber at room temperature）. The objective of this paper is to proof that this temperature separation effect cannot be explained by conventional heat transfer processes. To explain this phenomenon, the concept of PGEW （Pressure Gradient Elastic Waves） is proposed. PGEW are kind of elastic waves, which operate in compressible fluids with pressure gradients and density fluctuations. The result of PGEW propagation is a heat transfer from area of low pressure to high pressure zone. The physical model of a gas in a strong field of mass forces is proposed to substantiate the PGEW existence. This physical model is intended for the construction of a theory of PGEW. Understanding the processes associated with the PGEW permits the possibility of creating new devices for energy saving and low potential heat utilization, which have unique properties.展开更多
Traditional condensing air-conditioning systems consume large amounts of energy in hot and humid areas,and it is difficult to achieve simultaneous control of temperature and humidity.A combined absorption refrigeratio...Traditional condensing air-conditioning systems consume large amounts of energy in hot and humid areas,and it is difficult to achieve simultaneous control of temperature and humidity.A combined absorption refrigeration(AR)and liquid desiccant dehumidification(LDD)air-conditioning system based on cascade utilization of low-grade heat source is proposed.The system can realize independent control of temperature and humidity and carry out profound recovery of low-grade heat sources.Under the design conditions,the heat utilization rate C reaches 21.05%,which is 2.73 times that of the conventional absorption refrigeration reference system.A parametric sensitivity analysis is performed to optimize the system.The C increases from 9.79%to 18.55%and the coefficient of performance C O P t increases from 0.33 to 0.35 with an increase in chilled water temperature from 7°C to 15°C.With an increase in regenerant solution temperature from 60°C to 70°C,the C achieves the optimal value of 21.05%at 68°C.C decreases from 21.05%to 15.05%as the concentration of the regenerant solution increases from 36%to 40%.Under variable environmental temperature and humidity,the C the proposed system changes within a small range and stays much higher than that of the reference system with the same quality heat source,which indicates that the proposed system has a better adaptability to changing environmental parameters.展开更多
Combined cooling and power(CCP)system driven by low-grade heat is promising for improving energy efficiency.This work proposes a CCP system that integrates a regenerative organic Rankine cycle(RORC)and an absorption c...Combined cooling and power(CCP)system driven by low-grade heat is promising for improving energy efficiency.This work proposes a CCP system that integrates a regenerative organic Rankine cycle(RORC)and an absorption chiller on both driving and cooling fluid sides.The system is modeled by using the heat current method to fully consider nonlinear heat transfer and heat-work conversion constraints and resolve its behavior accurately.The off-design system simulation is performed next,showing that the fluid inlet temperatures and flow rates of cooling water as well as RORC working fluid strongly affect system performance.The off-design operation even becomes infeasible when parameters deviate from nominal values largely due to limited heat transfer capability of components,highlighting the importance of considering heat transfer constraints via heat current method.Design optimization aiming to minimize the total thermal conductance is also conducted.RORC efficiency increases by 7.9%and decreases by 12.4%after optimization,with the hot fluid inlet temperature increase from 373.15 to 403.15 K and mass flow rate ranges from 10 to 30 kg/s,emphasizing the necessity of balancing system cost and performance.展开更多
A novel power and cooling cogeneration system which combines a supercritical CO_(2) recompression cycle(SCRC), an ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle(AARC) and a Kalina cycle(KC) is proposed and investigated ...A novel power and cooling cogeneration system which combines a supercritical CO_(2) recompression cycle(SCRC), an ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle(AARC) and a Kalina cycle(KC) is proposed and investigated for the recovery of medium-temperature waste heat. The system is based on energy cascade utilization, and the waste heat can be fully converted through the simultaneous operation of the three sub-cycles. A steady-state mathematical model is built for further performance study of the proposed system. When the exhaust temperature is 505℃, it is shown that under designed conditions the thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency reach 30.74% and 61.55%, respectively. The exergy analysis results show that the main exergy destruction is concentrated in the heat recovery vapor generator(HRVG). Parametric study shows that the compressor inlet pressure, the SCRC pressure ratio, the main compressor and the turbine I inlet temperature, and the AARC generator pressure have significant effects on thermodynamic and economic performance of the combined system. The findings in this study could provide guidance for system design to achieve an efficient utilization of medium-temperature waste heat(e.g., exhaust heat from gas turbine, high-temperature fuel cells and internal combustion engine).展开更多
The large amount of heat produced from solid waste composting has stimulated great interest in heat recovery and utilization.This paper reviews the advances in composting heat recovery researches in the last decade.So...The large amount of heat produced from solid waste composting has stimulated great interest in heat recovery and utilization.This paper reviews the advances in composting heat recovery researches in the last decade.Some experimental results and theoretical studies on composting heat utilization are summarized.The results indicate a great potential for utilization of heat produced by the composting process.Common problems experienced by current methods are how to realize the maximum heat recovery without negatively impacting compost quality and the economics of heat recovery methods.Further advancement of these methods is currently receiving comprehensive interests,both academically and commercially.展开更多
In times of increasing global warming,enormous efforts are required to rapidly reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Due to the EU’s target of climate neutrality by 2050 and the even more ambitious goal of becoming cli...In times of increasing global warming,enormous efforts are required to rapidly reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Due to the EU’s target of climate neutrality by 2050 and the even more ambitious goal of becoming climate-neutral in Germany by 2045,it is necessary to systematically increase energy efficiency and decarbonize the industrial heat sector.The methods of heat integration can be used to exploit existing potentials for waste heat utilization and to integrate renewable technologies for heating and cooling.By using a non-stationary,multiperiod approach,additional energy savings can be achieved by integrating a thermal energy storage(TES)that enables heat transportation over time.This paper presents a simultaneous approach for thermal energy storage integration into multiperiod heat integration problems.The approach can be used to minimize energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions and is demonstrated in two case studies.In case study 1,it is shown that the presented approach is capable of integrating a TES properly into a simple multiperiod heat integration problem with two periods.In case study 2,a simplified example from a cosmetics manufactory is investigated.The total utility demand can be reduced by up to 44.3%due to TES integration and the energetic optimal storage size can be determined as 125 m 3.The savings are strongly dependent on the constellation of heat flows between the periods,on the temperature levels and on the storage size.Significant reductions of energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions can be achieved with TES being properly integrated into a suitable operating environment.展开更多
With a broad range of application prospects,hydrogen fuel cell technology is regarded as a clean and efficient energy conversion technology.Nevertheless,challenges exist in terms of the safe storage and transportation...With a broad range of application prospects,hydrogen fuel cell technology is regarded as a clean and efficient energy conversion technology.Nevertheless,challenges exist in terms of the safe storage and transportation of hydrogen.One proposed solution to this problem is the utilization of methanol on-line steam reforming technology for hydrogen production.In this paper,an integrated system for in-situ steam reforming of fuel coupled with proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC)power generation is proposed,and sensitivity analysis and exergy sensitivity analysis are conducted.Through the gradual utilization of waste heat and the integration of the system,fuel consumption is reduced and the power generation efficiency of the system is improved.Under the design operating conditions,the power generation efficiency and exergy efficiency of the system are achieved at 44.59%and 39.70%,respectively.This study presents a proven method for the efficient integration of fuel thermochemical conversion for hydrogen production with fuel cells for power generation,highlighting the advantages of complementary utilization of methanol steam reforming and PEMFC.展开更多
This work focuses on evaluating the performance of a 660 MW ultra-supercritical power plant from the perspective of energy saving ability. By conducting the exergy analysis, the exergy loss distribution and the effici...This work focuses on evaluating the performance of a 660 MW ultra-supercritical power plant from the perspective of energy saving ability. By conducting the exergy analysis, the exergy loss distribution and the efficiency of regenerators are thoroughly measured. The results show that the exergy loss of a high-pressure regenerative heater can be as high as 3.03 MW. Thus, installing outer steam coolers can reduce the exergy loss of high-pressure regenerative heaters. The energy saving potential of different configurations across wide load conditions is further analyzed. These analyses reveal that the flue gas waste heat utilization configurations not only alter the exergy loss distribution in the regenerative heating system but also reduce the need for high-grade extraction steam, thereby enhancing the unit’s power generation capacity. Based on the proposed optimal configuration, the gas-water heaters with high-temperature and low-temperature heat sources are utilized to heat the corresponding feed water, enabling a cascade utilization of waste heat. This approach minimizes the standard coal consumption for power generation of the unit to 253.39 g·(kW·h)^(−1), 1.27% lower than the reference unit. Under rated conditions, the power generation increases by 5.99 MW. Under 40% THA condition, this configuration exhibits significant energy-saving benefits with a 0.97% reduction in coal consumption rate. Furthermore, the study has delved into the impact of turbine degradation, which is found to adversely affect the thermal performance of the power unit. This revelation provides crucial insights into maintaining and optimizing the performance of the thermal system.展开更多
The absorption cycle is a promising technology for harnessing low-temperature heat,playing a crucial role in achieving the objectives of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.As a significant element in distributed ene...The absorption cycle is a promising technology for harnessing low-temperature heat,playing a crucial role in achieving the objectives of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.As a significant element in distributed energy systems,the absorption cycle can utilize various types of low-grade heat to fulfill cooling,heating,and electrical energy demands.Therefore,it can be employed in diverse settings to unleash its substantial energy-saving potential.However,the widespread adoption of the absorption cycle is limited to specific scenarios.Hence,further efforts are needed to enhance its technological maturity,gain societal acceptance,and expand its application scope.Focusing on the utilization of different low-grade heat,this paper provides an overview of significant advancements in the application research of various absorption cycles,such as the absorption refrigeration cycle,absorption heat pump,absorption heat transformer,and the absorption power cycle.According to current research,absorption cycles play a critical role in energy conservation and reducing carbon dioxide emissions.They can be applied to waste heat recovery,heating,drying,energy storage,seawater desalination,refrigeration,dehumidification,and power generation,leading to substantial economic benefits.The paper also outlines the primary challenges in the current application of the absorption cycle and discusses its future development direction.Ultimately,this paper serves as a reference for the application research of the absorption cycle and aims to maximize its potential in achieving global carbon neutrality.展开更多
Amid escalating global challenges in energy efficiency and environmental sustainability,the utilization of waste heat has gained significant scientific attention.This growing interest has positioned thermoelectric ene...Amid escalating global challenges in energy efficiency and environmental sustainability,the utilization of waste heat has gained significant scientific attention.This growing interest has positioned thermoelectric energy conversion as a pivotal research frontier in materials science,particularly for its potential to transform low-grade thermal energy into usable electricity.Thermoelectric materials hold significant potential in addressing this challenge due to their unique properties,such as the absence of vibration,radiation,and the ability to directly convert heat into electricity.展开更多
The diffusion of chemical species down concentration gradient is a ubiquitous phenomenon that releases Gibbs free energy.Nanofluidic materials have shown great promise in harvesting the energy from ionic diffusion via...The diffusion of chemical species down concentration gradient is a ubiquitous phenomenon that releases Gibbs free energy.Nanofluidic materials have shown great promise in harvesting the energy from ionic diffusion via the reverse electrodialysis process.In principle,any chemicals that can be converted to ions can be used for nanofluidic power generation.In this work,we demonstrate the power generation from the diffusion of CO_(2) into air using nanofluidic cellulose membranes.By dissolving CO_(2) in water,a power density of 87 mW/m^(2) can be achieved.Using monoethanolamine solutions to dissolve CO_(2),the power density can be increased to 2.6 W/m^(2).We further demonstrate that the waste heat released in industrial and carbon capture processes,can be simultaneously harvested with our nanofluidic membranes,increasing the power density up to 16 W/m^(2) under a temperature difference of 30°C.Therefore,our work should expand the application scope of nanofluidic osmotic power generation and contribute to carbon utilization and capture technologies.展开更多
文摘Estimating the residual heat of blast furnace slag flushing in China,classifying and introducing the current proposed methods of slag flushing waste heat utilization,and listing existing cases.In order to better save energy and water in the slag flushing process of blast furnaces,an ideal comprehensive cascade utilization system scheme for annual recovery of waste heat is proposed.Based on the measured waste heat data of a steel plant,design calculations are carried out to further analyze the economic feasibility of the new scheme and provide reference for its promotion and application.
文摘In recent years, China pays more attention to the protection of environment and resources in the process of social and economic development, puts forward the development concept of green, energy saving and environmental protection, and carries on a clear specification for the development of various industries. Under the current situation, flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization technology has attracted more and more attention, which can avoid the waste of energy and maximize the interests of enterprises. Therefore, relevant personnel should pay attention to study and analyze the application of flue gas waste heat recovery and utilization technology, in order to provide some help for the development of enterprises.
文摘The customarily discarded exhaust from the fossil fuel-based power plants of the off-grid mines holds the thermal potential to fulfill the heating requirement of the underground operation.This present research fills in an important research gap by investigating the coupling effect between a diesel exhaust heat recovery and an intake air heating system employed in a remote mine.An integrative approach comprising analytical,numerical,and experimental assessment has been adapted.The novel analytical model developed here establishes the reliability of the proposed mine heating system by providing comparative analysis between a coupled and a decoupled system.The effect of working fluid variation has been examined by the numerical analysis and the possible improvement has been identified.Experimental investigations present a demonstration of the successful lab-scale implementation of the concept and validate the numerical and analytical models developed.Successful deployment of the fully coupled mine heating system proposed here will assist the mining industry on its journey towards energy-efficient,and sustainable mining practices through nearly 70%reduction in fossil fuel consumption for heating intentions.
文摘The temperature separation was discovered inside the short vortex chamber （H/D = 0.18）. Experiments revealed that the highest temperature of the periphery was 465 ℃, and the lowest temperature of the central zone was -45 ℃ （the compressed air was pumped into the chamber at room temperature）. The objective of this paper is to proof that this temperature separation effect cannot be explained by conventional heat transfer processes. To explain this phenomenon, the concept of PGEW （Pressure Gradient Elastic Waves） is proposed. PGEW are kind of elastic waves, which operate in compressible fluids with pressure gradients and density fluctuations. The result of PGEW propagation is a heat transfer from area of low pressure to high pressure zone. The physical model of a gas in a strong field of mass forces is proposed to substantiate the PGEW existence. This physical model is intended for the construction of a theory of PGEW. Understanding the processes associated with the PGEW permits the possibility of creating new devices for energy saving and low potential heat utilization, which have unique properties.
基金The authors express gratitude for the support of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB0905103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51806213)Beijing Key Laboratory of Distributed Combined Cooling Heating and Power System.
文摘Traditional condensing air-conditioning systems consume large amounts of energy in hot and humid areas,and it is difficult to achieve simultaneous control of temperature and humidity.A combined absorption refrigeration(AR)and liquid desiccant dehumidification(LDD)air-conditioning system based on cascade utilization of low-grade heat source is proposed.The system can realize independent control of temperature and humidity and carry out profound recovery of low-grade heat sources.Under the design conditions,the heat utilization rate C reaches 21.05%,which is 2.73 times that of the conventional absorption refrigeration reference system.A parametric sensitivity analysis is performed to optimize the system.The C increases from 9.79%to 18.55%and the coefficient of performance C O P t increases from 0.33 to 0.35 with an increase in chilled water temperature from 7°C to 15°C.With an increase in regenerant solution temperature from 60°C to 70°C,the C achieves the optimal value of 21.05%at 68°C.C decreases from 21.05%to 15.05%as the concentration of the regenerant solution increases from 36%to 40%.Under variable environmental temperature and humidity,the C the proposed system changes within a small range and stays much higher than that of the reference system with the same quality heat source,which indicates that the proposed system has a better adaptability to changing environmental parameters.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52125604)。
文摘Combined cooling and power(CCP)system driven by low-grade heat is promising for improving energy efficiency.This work proposes a CCP system that integrates a regenerative organic Rankine cycle(RORC)and an absorption chiller on both driving and cooling fluid sides.The system is modeled by using the heat current method to fully consider nonlinear heat transfer and heat-work conversion constraints and resolve its behavior accurately.The off-design system simulation is performed next,showing that the fluid inlet temperatures and flow rates of cooling water as well as RORC working fluid strongly affect system performance.The off-design operation even becomes infeasible when parameters deviate from nominal values largely due to limited heat transfer capability of components,highlighting the importance of considering heat transfer constraints via heat current method.Design optimization aiming to minimize the total thermal conductance is also conducted.RORC efficiency increases by 7.9%and decreases by 12.4%after optimization,with the hot fluid inlet temperature increase from 373.15 to 403.15 K and mass flow rate ranges from 10 to 30 kg/s,emphasizing the necessity of balancing system cost and performance.
基金supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.ZR2019MEE045)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51776203)the Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61733010)。
文摘A novel power and cooling cogeneration system which combines a supercritical CO_(2) recompression cycle(SCRC), an ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycle(AARC) and a Kalina cycle(KC) is proposed and investigated for the recovery of medium-temperature waste heat. The system is based on energy cascade utilization, and the waste heat can be fully converted through the simultaneous operation of the three sub-cycles. A steady-state mathematical model is built for further performance study of the proposed system. When the exhaust temperature is 505℃, it is shown that under designed conditions the thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency reach 30.74% and 61.55%, respectively. The exergy analysis results show that the main exergy destruction is concentrated in the heat recovery vapor generator(HRVG). Parametric study shows that the compressor inlet pressure, the SCRC pressure ratio, the main compressor and the turbine I inlet temperature, and the AARC generator pressure have significant effects on thermodynamic and economic performance of the combined system. The findings in this study could provide guidance for system design to achieve an efficient utilization of medium-temperature waste heat(e.g., exhaust heat from gas turbine, high-temperature fuel cells and internal combustion engine).
基金would like to express their gratitude towards the financial support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No:51508345)the National Sparking Plan Project(2015GA650012)the Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province(2014053).
文摘The large amount of heat produced from solid waste composting has stimulated great interest in heat recovery and utilization.This paper reviews the advances in composting heat recovery researches in the last decade.Some experimental results and theoretical studies on composting heat utilization are summarized.The results indicate a great potential for utilization of heat produced by the composting process.Common problems experienced by current methods are how to realize the maximum heat recovery without negatively impacting compost quality and the economics of heat recovery methods.Further advancement of these methods is currently receiving comprehensive interests,both academically and commercially.
文摘In times of increasing global warming,enormous efforts are required to rapidly reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Due to the EU’s target of climate neutrality by 2050 and the even more ambitious goal of becoming climate-neutral in Germany by 2045,it is necessary to systematically increase energy efficiency and decarbonize the industrial heat sector.The methods of heat integration can be used to exploit existing potentials for waste heat utilization and to integrate renewable technologies for heating and cooling.By using a non-stationary,multiperiod approach,additional energy savings can be achieved by integrating a thermal energy storage(TES)that enables heat transportation over time.This paper presents a simultaneous approach for thermal energy storage integration into multiperiod heat integration problems.The approach can be used to minimize energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions and is demonstrated in two case studies.In case study 1,it is shown that the presented approach is capable of integrating a TES properly into a simple multiperiod heat integration problem with two periods.In case study 2,a simplified example from a cosmetics manufactory is investigated.The total utility demand can be reduced by up to 44.3%due to TES integration and the energetic optimal storage size can be determined as 125 m 3.The savings are strongly dependent on the constellation of heat flows between the periods,on the temperature levels and on the storage size.Significant reductions of energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions can be achieved with TES being properly integrated into a suitable operating environment.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFF0500701)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2021141)。
文摘With a broad range of application prospects,hydrogen fuel cell technology is regarded as a clean and efficient energy conversion technology.Nevertheless,challenges exist in terms of the safe storage and transportation of hydrogen.One proposed solution to this problem is the utilization of methanol on-line steam reforming technology for hydrogen production.In this paper,an integrated system for in-situ steam reforming of fuel coupled with proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC)power generation is proposed,and sensitivity analysis and exergy sensitivity analysis are conducted.Through the gradual utilization of waste heat and the integration of the system,fuel consumption is reduced and the power generation efficiency of the system is improved.Under the design operating conditions,the power generation efficiency and exergy efficiency of the system are achieved at 44.59%and 39.70%,respectively.This study presents a proven method for the efficient integration of fuel thermochemical conversion for hydrogen production with fuel cells for power generation,highlighting the advantages of complementary utilization of methanol steam reforming and PEMFC.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB2403200)Shanghai 2020“Science and Technology Innovation Plan”Social Development Science and Technology Research Project(Grant No.20dz1205202).
文摘This work focuses on evaluating the performance of a 660 MW ultra-supercritical power plant from the perspective of energy saving ability. By conducting the exergy analysis, the exergy loss distribution and the efficiency of regenerators are thoroughly measured. The results show that the exergy loss of a high-pressure regenerative heater can be as high as 3.03 MW. Thus, installing outer steam coolers can reduce the exergy loss of high-pressure regenerative heaters. The energy saving potential of different configurations across wide load conditions is further analyzed. These analyses reveal that the flue gas waste heat utilization configurations not only alter the exergy loss distribution in the regenerative heating system but also reduce the need for high-grade extraction steam, thereby enhancing the unit’s power generation capacity. Based on the proposed optimal configuration, the gas-water heaters with high-temperature and low-temperature heat sources are utilized to heat the corresponding feed water, enabling a cascade utilization of waste heat. This approach minimizes the standard coal consumption for power generation of the unit to 253.39 g·(kW·h)^(−1), 1.27% lower than the reference unit. Under rated conditions, the power generation increases by 5.99 MW. Under 40% THA condition, this configuration exhibits significant energy-saving benefits with a 0.97% reduction in coal consumption rate. Furthermore, the study has delved into the impact of turbine degradation, which is found to adversely affect the thermal performance of the power unit. This revelation provides crucial insights into maintaining and optimizing the performance of the thermal system.
基金financially supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA0400000)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB4005404)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52241601)the R&D Program of Institute of New Energy Dongguan(Grant No.2025-ZDBS-01)。
文摘The absorption cycle is a promising technology for harnessing low-temperature heat,playing a crucial role in achieving the objectives of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.As a significant element in distributed energy systems,the absorption cycle can utilize various types of low-grade heat to fulfill cooling,heating,and electrical energy demands.Therefore,it can be employed in diverse settings to unleash its substantial energy-saving potential.However,the widespread adoption of the absorption cycle is limited to specific scenarios.Hence,further efforts are needed to enhance its technological maturity,gain societal acceptance,and expand its application scope.Focusing on the utilization of different low-grade heat,this paper provides an overview of significant advancements in the application research of various absorption cycles,such as the absorption refrigeration cycle,absorption heat pump,absorption heat transformer,and the absorption power cycle.According to current research,absorption cycles play a critical role in energy conservation and reducing carbon dioxide emissions.They can be applied to waste heat recovery,heating,drying,energy storage,seawater desalination,refrigeration,dehumidification,and power generation,leading to substantial economic benefits.The paper also outlines the primary challenges in the current application of the absorption cycle and discusses its future development direction.Ultimately,this paper serves as a reference for the application research of the absorption cycle and aims to maximize its potential in achieving global carbon neutrality.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1403203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12474001)。
文摘Amid escalating global challenges in energy efficiency and environmental sustainability,the utilization of waste heat has gained significant scientific attention.This growing interest has positioned thermoelectric energy conversion as a pivotal research frontier in materials science,particularly for its potential to transform low-grade thermal energy into usable electricity.Thermoelectric materials hold significant potential in addressing this challenge due to their unique properties,such as the absence of vibration,radiation,and the ability to directly convert heat into electricity.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272194)Key R&D Projects of Shandong Province(2022CXGC010302)+1 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2021YQ12)Shandong Energy Institute(SEI202124).
文摘The diffusion of chemical species down concentration gradient is a ubiquitous phenomenon that releases Gibbs free energy.Nanofluidic materials have shown great promise in harvesting the energy from ionic diffusion via the reverse electrodialysis process.In principle,any chemicals that can be converted to ions can be used for nanofluidic power generation.In this work,we demonstrate the power generation from the diffusion of CO_(2) into air using nanofluidic cellulose membranes.By dissolving CO_(2) in water,a power density of 87 mW/m^(2) can be achieved.Using monoethanolamine solutions to dissolve CO_(2),the power density can be increased to 2.6 W/m^(2).We further demonstrate that the waste heat released in industrial and carbon capture processes,can be simultaneously harvested with our nanofluidic membranes,increasing the power density up to 16 W/m^(2) under a temperature difference of 30°C.Therefore,our work should expand the application scope of nanofluidic osmotic power generation and contribute to carbon utilization and capture technologies.
