From the seeds of Peganum harmala L.,three new alkaloids ofβ-carboline were isolated.Among them,peganumiums A(1)and B(2)were dimers with specific new scaffolds,all with long conjugated systems.Peganumium A and peganu...From the seeds of Peganum harmala L.,three new alkaloids ofβ-carboline were isolated.Among them,peganumiums A(1)and B(2)were dimers with specific new scaffolds,all with long conjugated systems.Peganumium A and peganumium C(3)were ionic alkaloid salts and peganumium B was a hexacycliccondensed alkaloid.The biosynthetic pathways of the three compounds above were also speculated.A preliminary cytotoxicity assay revealed that peganumium B had strong in vitro antiproliferative ability against a variety of cancer cells.The analysis of^(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)metabolomics suggested that the antiproliferative mechanism of peganumium B could be associated with the biosynthesis of phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan,the metabolism of glycine,serine,and threonine,the metabolism of taurine and hypotaurine,and the metabolism of nicotinate and nicotinamide.In addition,peganumium B could reduce the mitochondrial content of body-wall muscle cells of a Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans)strain in vivo.展开更多
Nickel(Ni)toxicity significantly impairs plant growth,photosynthesis,and metabolism by inducing oxidative stress.This study evaluates the potential of exogenous Alpha-Ketoglutarate(AKG)in mitigating Ni-induced stress ...Nickel(Ni)toxicity significantly impairs plant growth,photosynthesis,and metabolism by inducing oxidative stress.This study evaluates the potential of exogenous Alpha-Ketoglutarate(AKG)in mitigating Ni-induced stress in Peganum harmala L.Seedlings were exposed to 0,200,500,and 750μM NiCl2,with or without AKG supplementation.Under 750μM Ni stress,dry weight(DW)decreased by 33.7%,tissue water content(TWC)by 39.9%,and chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll levels were reduced by 17%and 15%,respectively.Ni exposure also significantly increased secondary metabolite production,with leaf anthocyanin content rising by 131%,and superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities increasing by 228%and 53%,respectively,in roots at 500μM Ni.AKG treatment alleviated Ni toxicity by enhancing TWC by 39%and promoting root and shoot growth.Additionally,AKG treatment boosted the synthesis of phenolic compounds and flavonoids,contributing to improved tolerance against Ni stress.These findings demonstrate the potential of AKG in enhancing Ni tolerance in P.harmala,suggesting its promising role in bioremediation of metal-contaminated soils.This is the first study to report the beneficial effects of exogenous AKG in alleviating nickel toxicity in P.harmala L.,offering a new approach for improving plant resilience to heavy metal stress.展开更多
Peganum harmala L.(P.harmala)is a significant economic and medicinal plant.The seeds of P.harmala have been extensively utilized in traditional Chinese medicine,Uighur medicine,and Mongolian medicine,as documented in ...Peganum harmala L.(P.harmala)is a significant economic and medicinal plant.The seeds of P.harmala have been extensively utilized in traditional Chinese medicine,Uighur medicine,and Mongolian medicine,as documented in the Drug Standard of the Ministry of Health of China.Twelve novel tryptamine-derived alkaloids(1−12)and eight known compounds(13−20)were isolated from P.harmala seeds.Compounds 1 and 2 represent the first reported instances of tryptamine-derived heteromers,comprising tryptamine and aniline fragments with previously undocumented C-3−N-1′linkage and C-3−C-4′connection,respectively.Compounds 3−5 were identified as indole-quinazoline heteromers,exhibiting a novel C-3 and NH-1′linkage between indole and quinazoline-derived fragments.Compound 6 demonstrates the dimerization pattern of C-C linked tryptamine-quinazoline dimer.Compound 8 represents a tryptamine-derived heterodimer with a distinctive carbon skeleton,featuring an unusual spiro-tricyclic ring(7)and conventional bicyclic tryptamine.Compounds 9−11 constitute novel 6/5/5/5 spiro-tetracyclic tryptamine-derived alkaloids presenting a unique ring system of tryptamine-spiro-pyrrolizine.Compounds 1−3 and 6−11 were identified as racemates.Compounds 2,7,9,10,and 12 were confirmed via X-ray crystallographic analysis.All isolated compounds(1−20)exhibited varying degrees of antiviral efficacy against respiratory syncytial virus(RSV).Notably,the anti-RSV activity of compound 12(IC505.01±0.14μmol·L^(−1))surpassed that of the positive control(ribavirin,IC506.23±0.95μmol·L^(−1)),as validated through plaque reduction and immunofluorescence assays.The identification of anti-RSV compounds from P.harmala seeds may enhance the development and application of this plant in antiviral therapeutic products.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To review the pharmacological activities of Peganum harmala L. （R harmala, Nitrariaceae） in traditional Iranian medicine （TIM） and mod- ern phytotherapy. METHODS： Opinions of TIM and modern phytothera...OBJECTIVE： To review the pharmacological activities of Peganum harmala L. （R harmala, Nitrariaceae） in traditional Iranian medicine （TIM） and mod- ern phytotherapy. METHODS： Opinions of TIM and modern phytotherapy about safety and acceptable dosage of this plant are discussed. Various medical properties of P. harmala were collected from important TIM references and added to scientific reports derived from modern medical databases like PubMed, Scirus, ScienceDirect and Scopus.RESULTS： The main medicinal part of the plant is the seed. In TIM resources, this plant possesses vari- ous Pharmacological activities such as carminative, galactagogue, diuretic, emmenagogue, antithrom-botic and analgesic. In modern phytotherapy, R harmala demonstrated numerous medicinal effects including cardiovascular, neurologic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antineoplasmic, antiproliferative, gastrointestinal and antidiabetic effects. Adverse events such as neuro-sensorial symptoms, visual hallucination, bradycardia, hypotension, agitation, tremors, ataxia, abortion and vomiting cause peo- ple to use this plant cautiously. R harmala is contraindicated during pregnancy, due to its abortive and mutagenic activities. Because of increasing the expression of CYP1A2, 2C19, and 3A4 and inhi- bition of monoamine oxidase, the pharmacokinetic parameters of drugs which are mainly metabolized by these enzymes may be affected by R har- mala. CONCLUSION： The medicinal properties declared for this plant in TIM are compared with those showed in modern phytotherapy. Some of the TIM properties were confirmed in modern phytotherapy like emetic and analgesic activities and some have not been evaluated in modern phytotherapy such as its therapeutic effects on paralysis, epilepsy and numbness. Finally, the current review provides the evidence for other researchers to use TIM properties of P. harmala as an efficacious natural drug. Further preclinical and clinical studies for adequate evaluating safety and therapeutic efficacy are recommended.展开更多
Peganum harmala L.is a medicinal plant,and its seeds have been used to treat gastrointestinal cancer and malaria for a long time in North-Western China.In the present study,we aimed to probe the potential molecular ta...Peganum harmala L.is a medicinal plant,and its seeds have been used to treat gastrointestinal cancer and malaria for a long time in North-Western China.In the present study,we aimed to probe the potential molecular targets and pharmacological mechanisms of Peganum harmala L.seeds(PHS)on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)using network analysis and molecular docking.First,the chemical ingredients of PHS were obtained from TCMID and BATMAN-TCM databases,and the effective ingredients were screened by SwissADME.Furthermore,the target information of the effective ingredients was acquired from PharmMapper and SwissTargetPrediction databases.Secondly,HCC-related targets were obtained from Liverome,DisGeNET,and GeneCards databases.The intersection with the PHS was obtained.The“compounds-targets”was drawn using Cytoscape software,and PPI network diagrams were drawn using their intersection targets.GO analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis were carried out using the DAVID database.Finally,molecular docking was conducted between protein receptors and the active components using AutoDockTools.Our results showed 105 intersection targets of PHS with HCC.Moreover,10 core targets included ALB,AKT1,EGFR,CASP3,SRC,ESR1,MAPK3,MMP9,ANXA5,and MAPK1.Besides,404 GO functional annotations were obtained,including 287 biological processes,37 cell compositions,and 80 molecular functions.In addition,110 signaling molecules and pathways,including chemical oncogene receptors,PI3K-Akt pathway,HCC,and hepatitis B,were identified.The molecular docking results showed that the binding energies of the 10 core targets and the 12 active components were all less than–5 kcal/mol.In conclusion,this study expounded on the“component-target-pathway”interaction mechanism of PHS for the treatment of HCC,and it also provided a scientific basis for the clinical application of PHS.展开更多
This study reports the isolation of four newβ-carboline alkaloids(1−4)and six previously identified alkaloids(5−10)from the roots of Peganum harmala L.Among these compounds,1 and 2 were characterized as rareβ-carbol...This study reports the isolation of four newβ-carboline alkaloids(1−4)and six previously identified alkaloids(5−10)from the roots of Peganum harmala L.Among these compounds,1 and 2 were characterized as rareβ-carboline-quinazoline dimers exhibiting axial chirality.Compound 3 possessed a unique 6/5/6/7 tetracyclic ring system with an azepine ring,and compound 4 was a novel annomontineβ-carboline.The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data and quantum mechanical calculations.The biosynthetic pathways of 1−3 were proposed.Additionally,the cytotoxicity of some isolates against four cancer cell lines(HL-60,A549,MDA-MB-231,and DU145)was evaluated.Notably,compound 4 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against HL-60,A549,and DU145 cells with IC_(50) values of 12.39,12.80,and 30.65μmol·L^(−1),respectively.Furthermore,compound 2 demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells with an IC_(50) value of 17.32μmol·L^(−1).展开更多
Syrian Rue （Peganum harmala L.） is grown in semi-arid conditions. Its origin is Central Asia and has several medicinal uses especially in seeds. Study of genetic diversity for this plant is important for researches ...Syrian Rue （Peganum harmala L.） is grown in semi-arid conditions. Its origin is Central Asia and has several medicinal uses especially in seeds. Study of genetic diversity for this plant is important for researches in future. The electrophoresis of seed storage protein is a method to investigate SDS-PAGE and to classify plant varieties because these proteins are highly preserved. This study was conducted to determine the seed storage profiles of 20 Peganum harmala accessions that have been collected in some regions in lran. Extracted proteins were analyzed by Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE） as a biochemical marker. For this purpose, the samples were first crushed and seed protein was extracted by extraction buffer then total soluble proteins were resolved on 15% SDS polyacrylamide gels. The gels showed 20 bands that were high polymorphism among the accessions. The noticeable differences for example were observed in area with 38 KDa. The result of analysis showed that the accessions were classified in three groups （13, 3 and 4 accessions in the first, second and third groups respectively）.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the curative effect of the 132 KD protein isolated from the seeds of Peganum harmala（P.harmala） L against carbon tetrachloride（CCl<sub>4</sub>） induced oxidative stress in rats.Me...Objective:To evaluate the curative effect of the 132 KD protein isolated from the seeds of Peganum harmala（P.harmala） L against carbon tetrachloride（CCl<sub>4</sub>） induced oxidative stress in rats.Methods:Animals were post treated intraperitoneally with 132 KO isolated protein at doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg body weight and bovine serum albumin（BSA）（8 mg/kg body weight） as well as vitamin C（250 mg/kg body weight p.o.） for 7 d after they challenged with CCl<sub>4</sub> orally（1 ml/Ag body weight） in olive oil（50%） for 2 d.Results:The purified protein from seeds of P.harmala plant showed in vitro antioxidant activity with DPPH assay.Administration of CCl<sub>4</sub> induced induction in serum aminotransferases（AST,ALT）,alkaline phosphatase（ALP）,lipid profile parameters and liver malondialdehyde（MDA） and decrease in serum total protein,liver superoxide dismutase （SOD）,catalase（CAT）,and reduced glutathione（GSH） levels.132 KD protein treatment of rats post CCl<sub>4</sub> intoxication successfully alleviated the toxic effects of CCl<sub>4</sub>.Conclusions:The isolated protein possessed strong antioxidant activity comparable to that of BSA（negative control） and vitamin C（positive control）.展开更多
Objective:To determine the in-vitro effect of the total alkaloid extract of Peganum(P.)harmala seeds on ram epididymal sperm.Methods:Semen was divided into six groups according to the following concentrations of the P...Objective:To determine the in-vitro effect of the total alkaloid extract of Peganum(P.)harmala seeds on ram epididymal sperm.Methods:Semen was divided into six groups according to the following concentrations of the P.harmala total alkaloids:1,5,10,50,and 100μg/mL,and the control group.The samples were incubated at ambient temperature(21℃-24℃)for 24 h,and analyzed in terms of motility,membrane integrity,and oxidative status.Results:The sperm kinematic parameters,i.e.straight-line velocity,curvilinear velocity,average path velocity,were significantly higher when treated with P.harmala at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10μg/mL compared to the control group(P<0.05).In addtion,the highest amplitude of the lateral head displacement value was found in the groups treated with concentrations 1 and 5μg/mL of P.harmala compared to the control group(P<0.05).Total and progressive motilities showed that the extracts at 1,5,and 10μg/mL exhibited a high percentage after 24 h of incubation.The effect of P.harmala extracts on the membrane integrity of ram epididymal sperm was concentration-dependent and significantly different compared to the control group(P<0.05).Non-significantly lower lipid peroxidation levels were observed after 24 h of incubation of ram epididymal sperm treated with concentrations 1,5,and 10μg/mL of P.harmala extracts compared to the control group(P>0.05).Conclusions:Low concentrations(1-10μg/mL)of P.harmala extracts stimulate sperm motility,preserve membrane integrity and protect ram spermatozoa from lipid peroxidation.展开更多
The use of antibiotics in humans and animals has been marked as a significant step in health due to their effectiveness in controlling and treating bacterial infections. The misuse and overuse of antibiotics have been...The use of antibiotics in humans and animals has been marked as a significant step in health due to their effectiveness in controlling and treating bacterial infections. The misuse and overuse of antibiotics have been identified as risk factors for bacterial resistance since microorganisms adapt and develop mechanisms to defend against antibiotics. According to the Centers for Disease Protection and Control (CDC), around 23,000 individuals die every year in the United States due to antibiotic resistance complications. As a result, a demand for alternative treatments has been a goal for scientists as the microbes adapt to selective pressure. The aim of this study is to test the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Peganum harmala and Haloxylon salicornicum on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on various mediums. The results of the study showed that both P. harmala and H. salicornicum inhibited the bacterial growth in two different media. The results were also compared with different common antibiotics used in both human’s and animal’s fields and showed a promising outcome as alternative antibiotics.展开更多
Cancer is a worldwide disease that ranks as the second-largest cause of death after cardiovascular disease. In 2019, the estimated number of cancer deaths was around 10 million worldwide and 600,000 in the United Stat...Cancer is a worldwide disease that ranks as the second-largest cause of death after cardiovascular disease. In 2019, the estimated number of cancer deaths was around 10 million worldwide and 600,000 in the United States. Due to the high side effects of the available treatments for cancer, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, a demand for alternative treatments has been a goal for scientists with less toxicity and side effects. Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide and the leading cause of death in the United States. In addition, prostate cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death in American men after lung cancer. Natural sources discovered to have therapeutic medicinal properties against human diseases are the plants Peganum harmala and Haloxylon salicornicum. The aim of this study is to test the anticancer activity of leaf extracts of Peganum harmala and Haloxylon salicornicum on lung cancer (A549) and prostate cancer (PC3) cell lines. The anticancer activity of P. harmala and H. salicornicum was studied using the assays: crystal violet viability, lipid peroxidation, and caspase-3 techniques, which were evaluated in vitro on two human cancer cell lines. The results of the study showed that both plants’ extracts reduced the viability of both cancer cell lines, which depended on the concentration of the extract. Also, P. harmala showed more potent activity against both types of cancer than H. salicornicum. P. harmala and H. salicornicum decreased the lipid peroxidation that induces cancer as well as increased the expression of caspase-3, which causes apoptosis and cell death. This study concluded that P. harmala and H. salicornicum leaf extracts showed significant anticancer properties, which might be due to the presence of phytochemicals, including flavonoids and phenolics.展开更多
This work describes the inhibition effect of different concentration of an aqueous extracted of Peganum harmala seed on the corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M H2SO4 solution using potentiostatic polarization techniques ...This work describes the inhibition effect of different concentration of an aqueous extracted of Peganum harmala seed on the corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M H2SO4 solution using potentiostatic polarization techniques at the temperature range (298 - 328) K. The result showed that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing of extract inhibitor concentration and temperature. The adsorption of inhibitor on carbon steel surface was fit into Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters governing the corrosion and the adsorption process were calculated and discussed.展开更多
The study has for objective the determination of the efficiency of the aqueous extracts from seeds of Peganum harmala L. on the mortality of the larvas of 5th stage and on the fertility of the female adults of Locusta...The study has for objective the determination of the efficiency of the aqueous extracts from seeds of Peganum harmala L. on the mortality of the larvas of 5th stage and on the fertility of the female adults of Locusta migratoria cinerascens. For that purpose, a breeding of to custs was realized in th e conditions of labor atories. At hatching, the larvae are fed daily basis lawn Stenotaphrum americanum and a pro tein supplement of wheat b ran. The extraction of the aqueous extract of the seeds of P. harmala is done after maceration in the ethanol, under magnetic stirring using a rotavapor. To determine larval mortality L5, two modes of treatment have been made, one by contact and another by ingestion, using for both treatment 4 doses in a geometric progression, 0.03 mg/mL, 0.06 mg/mL, 0.12 mg/mL and 24 mg/mL. The results showed that the mortality for the doses of 0.12 mg/mL and 0.24 mg/mL, reaches respectively 40% and 60% on the 3rd day, as well for the treatment by contact as by ingestion. But the LD50 for ingestion treatment is lower. It is 0.19 mg/mL contrary to that of the contact treatment （0.19 mg/mL）. The larvae that survived the treatment by ingestion, have suffered morphological changes as well as physiological which consist of a deformation of the wings, delayed of the larval molt, of 6 day s, b locking the fledg ing, the change of the pigmentation as well as an extension of the preoviposition. Fertility was also affected and females lay only twice, a small number of eggs, unlike untreated females which come to lay 3 times with an average of 62.7 eggs/female at first spawning against 50 eggs for the females treated.展开更多
Cancer occurs when the body’s cells grow beyond the usual control. Normal body cells multiply in a controlled manner and undergo apoptosis when the body no longer needs them. Different types of cancers exist, and the...Cancer occurs when the body’s cells grow beyond the usual control. Normal body cells multiply in a controlled manner and undergo apoptosis when the body no longer needs them. Different types of cancers exist, and the common ones include breast, cervical, prostate, lung, colon, and skin cancers. Several factors have been associated with cancers, and these factors include poor dieting, exposure to harmful chemicals and radiation, weak immune system, and genetics. Cancer presents an enormous health threat in the modern world and thus the need to identify an effective treatment. The conventional treatments used in the management of cancer include chemotherapy and physiotherapy. These forms of cancer treatments usually have enormous side effects on the subjects. In this respect, an alternative form of treatment would be effective in managing cancer patients. A substantial number of natural products have been observed to be effective in the management of cancer. These natural products include plants and other natural substances such as honey. This study focuses on the efficiency of natural products in the treatment of cancer. Also, the anticancer effects of Peganum harmala, Manuka honey, and Saudi honey will be analyzed. Bee honey and Peganum harmala have been traditionally used in the treatment of cancer. The extracts from Peganum harmala plant have also been shown to exhibit divers’ antitumor effects similar to the mode of action of a vast number of anticancer agents. These established hypotheses thus give the rationale for this study. In this experiment, extracts were obtained from Peganum harmala leaves and exposed to cervical, lung, and prostate cancer cells. Similarly, solutions of Manuka honey and Saudi honey were exposed to the cervical, lung, and prostate cancer cells. The experiment duration was 24 hours, which obtained results were recorded and analyzed. Peganum harmala extracts inhibit cancer cell growth at different and achievable concentrations. Manuka honey highly inhibits the growth of HeLa cancer cells while Saudi honey highly inhibits the growth of A549 cells. Peganum harmala can form an effective treatment for managing several types of cancers. Manuka Honey can be applied as an effective treatment for managing cervical cancer while Saudi honey can form an effective treatment for managing lung cancers.展开更多
Objective:To compare the antibacterial activity and antiseptic effect of ethanol extract of Peganum harmala L.(P.harmala)seeds and Betadine on eight reference strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae,Salmonella typhimurium...Objective:To compare the antibacterial activity and antiseptic effect of ethanol extract of Peganum harmala L.(P.harmala)seeds and Betadine on eight reference strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae,Salmonella typhimurium,Escherichia coli,Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus,Micrococcus luteus which are known to cause different types of skin infections,and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolated from an abscess on horse's neck.Methods:The antibacterial activity was assessed using a disc diffusion method.The minimum inhibitory concentration was tested by serial dilution method and the percentage of bacterial growth inhibition by absorbance microplate reader device.The minimum bactericidal concentration was then recorded.Clinical outcomes were obtained through washed up healing time of longitudinal and surface skin on the back of 16 rats with concentrations of 10,50,100,150 and 500 mg/mL of P.harmala extract.Results:The results of in vitro experiments showed that the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration(0.68-1.3 mg/mL)and minimum bactericidal concentration(1.3-5 mg/mL)values were observed in the ethanol extract of P.harmala seeds.Also the results of in vivo experiment showed that wound healing in the concentration of 50 mg/mL of this plant extract was better and quicker than Betadine.Conclusions:This study confirmed that ethanol extract of P.harmala has appropriate effect on the microorganisms and the healing of skin wounds in comparison with Betadine.展开更多
基金Financial support from Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7232283)。
文摘From the seeds of Peganum harmala L.,three new alkaloids ofβ-carboline were isolated.Among them,peganumiums A(1)and B(2)were dimers with specific new scaffolds,all with long conjugated systems.Peganumium A and peganumium C(3)were ionic alkaloid salts and peganumium B was a hexacycliccondensed alkaloid.The biosynthetic pathways of the three compounds above were also speculated.A preliminary cytotoxicity assay revealed that peganumium B had strong in vitro antiproliferative ability against a variety of cancer cells.The analysis of^(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)metabolomics suggested that the antiproliferative mechanism of peganumium B could be associated with the biosynthesis of phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan,the metabolism of glycine,serine,and threonine,the metabolism of taurine and hypotaurine,and the metabolism of nicotinate and nicotinamide.In addition,peganumium B could reduce the mitochondrial content of body-wall muscle cells of a Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans)strain in vivo.
基金Researchers Supporting Project No.(RSP2025R390),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Nickel(Ni)toxicity significantly impairs plant growth,photosynthesis,and metabolism by inducing oxidative stress.This study evaluates the potential of exogenous Alpha-Ketoglutarate(AKG)in mitigating Ni-induced stress in Peganum harmala L.Seedlings were exposed to 0,200,500,and 750μM NiCl2,with or without AKG supplementation.Under 750μM Ni stress,dry weight(DW)decreased by 33.7%,tissue water content(TWC)by 39.9%,and chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll levels were reduced by 17%and 15%,respectively.Ni exposure also significantly increased secondary metabolite production,with leaf anthocyanin content rising by 131%,and superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities increasing by 228%and 53%,respectively,in roots at 500μM Ni.AKG treatment alleviated Ni toxicity by enhancing TWC by 39%and promoting root and shoot growth.Additionally,AKG treatment boosted the synthesis of phenolic compounds and flavonoids,contributing to improved tolerance against Ni stress.These findings demonstrate the potential of AKG in enhancing Ni tolerance in P.harmala,suggesting its promising role in bioremediation of metal-contaminated soils.This is the first study to report the beneficial effects of exogenous AKG in alleviating nickel toxicity in P.harmala L.,offering a new approach for improving plant resilience to heavy metal stress.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82104015,82003609,and 81973190)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2020A1515110415,2020A1515110453,and 2020B1515020033)+1 种基金the Characteristic Innovation Project of General Universities in Guangdong Province(No.2024KTSCX167)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou City(No.202201010485).
文摘Peganum harmala L.(P.harmala)is a significant economic and medicinal plant.The seeds of P.harmala have been extensively utilized in traditional Chinese medicine,Uighur medicine,and Mongolian medicine,as documented in the Drug Standard of the Ministry of Health of China.Twelve novel tryptamine-derived alkaloids(1−12)and eight known compounds(13−20)were isolated from P.harmala seeds.Compounds 1 and 2 represent the first reported instances of tryptamine-derived heteromers,comprising tryptamine and aniline fragments with previously undocumented C-3−N-1′linkage and C-3−C-4′connection,respectively.Compounds 3−5 were identified as indole-quinazoline heteromers,exhibiting a novel C-3 and NH-1′linkage between indole and quinazoline-derived fragments.Compound 6 demonstrates the dimerization pattern of C-C linked tryptamine-quinazoline dimer.Compound 8 represents a tryptamine-derived heterodimer with a distinctive carbon skeleton,featuring an unusual spiro-tricyclic ring(7)and conventional bicyclic tryptamine.Compounds 9−11 constitute novel 6/5/5/5 spiro-tetracyclic tryptamine-derived alkaloids presenting a unique ring system of tryptamine-spiro-pyrrolizine.Compounds 1−3 and 6−11 were identified as racemates.Compounds 2,7,9,10,and 12 were confirmed via X-ray crystallographic analysis.All isolated compounds(1−20)exhibited varying degrees of antiviral efficacy against respiratory syncytial virus(RSV).Notably,the anti-RSV activity of compound 12(IC505.01±0.14μmol·L^(−1))surpassed that of the positive control(ribavirin,IC506.23±0.95μmol·L^(−1)),as validated through plaque reduction and immunofluorescence assays.The identification of anti-RSV compounds from P.harmala seeds may enhance the development and application of this plant in antiviral therapeutic products.
文摘OBJECTIVE： To review the pharmacological activities of Peganum harmala L. （R harmala, Nitrariaceae） in traditional Iranian medicine （TIM） and mod- ern phytotherapy. METHODS： Opinions of TIM and modern phytotherapy about safety and acceptable dosage of this plant are discussed. Various medical properties of P. harmala were collected from important TIM references and added to scientific reports derived from modern medical databases like PubMed, Scirus, ScienceDirect and Scopus.RESULTS： The main medicinal part of the plant is the seed. In TIM resources, this plant possesses vari- ous Pharmacological activities such as carminative, galactagogue, diuretic, emmenagogue, antithrom-botic and analgesic. In modern phytotherapy, R harmala demonstrated numerous medicinal effects including cardiovascular, neurologic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antineoplasmic, antiproliferative, gastrointestinal and antidiabetic effects. Adverse events such as neuro-sensorial symptoms, visual hallucination, bradycardia, hypotension, agitation, tremors, ataxia, abortion and vomiting cause peo- ple to use this plant cautiously. R harmala is contraindicated during pregnancy, due to its abortive and mutagenic activities. Because of increasing the expression of CYP1A2, 2C19, and 3A4 and inhi- bition of monoamine oxidase, the pharmacokinetic parameters of drugs which are mainly metabolized by these enzymes may be affected by R har- mala. CONCLUSION： The medicinal properties declared for this plant in TIM are compared with those showed in modern phytotherapy. Some of the TIM properties were confirmed in modern phytotherapy like emetic and analgesic activities and some have not been evaluated in modern phytotherapy such as its therapeutic effects on paralysis, epilepsy and numbness. Finally, the current review provides the evidence for other researchers to use TIM properties of P. harmala as an efficacious natural drug. Further preclinical and clinical studies for adequate evaluating safety and therapeutic efficacy are recommended.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81760637,81460539)the National Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang(Grant No.2017D01C207)+1 种基金the Open Research Fund of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Key Laboratory(Grant No.XJDX1713)。
文摘Peganum harmala L.is a medicinal plant,and its seeds have been used to treat gastrointestinal cancer and malaria for a long time in North-Western China.In the present study,we aimed to probe the potential molecular targets and pharmacological mechanisms of Peganum harmala L.seeds(PHS)on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)using network analysis and molecular docking.First,the chemical ingredients of PHS were obtained from TCMID and BATMAN-TCM databases,and the effective ingredients were screened by SwissADME.Furthermore,the target information of the effective ingredients was acquired from PharmMapper and SwissTargetPrediction databases.Secondly,HCC-related targets were obtained from Liverome,DisGeNET,and GeneCards databases.The intersection with the PHS was obtained.The“compounds-targets”was drawn using Cytoscape software,and PPI network diagrams were drawn using their intersection targets.GO analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis were carried out using the DAVID database.Finally,molecular docking was conducted between protein receptors and the active components using AutoDockTools.Our results showed 105 intersection targets of PHS with HCC.Moreover,10 core targets included ALB,AKT1,EGFR,CASP3,SRC,ESR1,MAPK3,MMP9,ANXA5,and MAPK1.Besides,404 GO functional annotations were obtained,including 287 biological processes,37 cell compositions,and 80 molecular functions.In addition,110 signaling molecules and pathways,including chemical oncogene receptors,PI3K-Akt pathway,HCC,and hepatitis B,were identified.The molecular docking results showed that the binding energies of the 10 core targets and the 12 active components were all less than–5 kcal/mol.In conclusion,this study expounded on the“component-target-pathway”interaction mechanism of PHS for the treatment of HCC,and it also provided a scientific basis for the clinical application of PHS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773604)the National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2018ZX09735005)+1 种基金the Doctoral Scientific Research Fund Project of Nanyang Institute of Technology(No.510197)the Interdisciplinary Sciences Project,Nanyang Institute of Technology(No.520097).
文摘This study reports the isolation of four newβ-carboline alkaloids(1−4)and six previously identified alkaloids(5−10)from the roots of Peganum harmala L.Among these compounds,1 and 2 were characterized as rareβ-carboline-quinazoline dimers exhibiting axial chirality.Compound 3 possessed a unique 6/5/6/7 tetracyclic ring system with an azepine ring,and compound 4 was a novel annomontineβ-carboline.The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data and quantum mechanical calculations.The biosynthetic pathways of 1−3 were proposed.Additionally,the cytotoxicity of some isolates against four cancer cell lines(HL-60,A549,MDA-MB-231,and DU145)was evaluated.Notably,compound 4 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against HL-60,A549,and DU145 cells with IC_(50) values of 12.39,12.80,and 30.65μmol·L^(−1),respectively.Furthermore,compound 2 demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells with an IC_(50) value of 17.32μmol·L^(−1).
文摘Syrian Rue （Peganum harmala L.） is grown in semi-arid conditions. Its origin is Central Asia and has several medicinal uses especially in seeds. Study of genetic diversity for this plant is important for researches in future. The electrophoresis of seed storage protein is a method to investigate SDS-PAGE and to classify plant varieties because these proteins are highly preserved. This study was conducted to determine the seed storage profiles of 20 Peganum harmala accessions that have been collected in some regions in lran. Extracted proteins were analyzed by Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE） as a biochemical marker. For this purpose, the samples were first crushed and seed protein was extracted by extraction buffer then total soluble proteins were resolved on 15% SDS polyacrylamide gels. The gels showed 20 bands that were high polymorphism among the accessions. The noticeable differences for example were observed in area with 38 KDa. The result of analysis showed that the accessions were classified in three groups （13, 3 and 4 accessions in the first, second and third groups respectively）.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the curative effect of the 132 KD protein isolated from the seeds of Peganum harmala（P.harmala） L against carbon tetrachloride（CCl<sub>4</sub>） induced oxidative stress in rats.Methods:Animals were post treated intraperitoneally with 132 KO isolated protein at doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg body weight and bovine serum albumin（BSA）（8 mg/kg body weight） as well as vitamin C（250 mg/kg body weight p.o.） for 7 d after they challenged with CCl<sub>4</sub> orally（1 ml/Ag body weight） in olive oil（50%） for 2 d.Results:The purified protein from seeds of P.harmala plant showed in vitro antioxidant activity with DPPH assay.Administration of CCl<sub>4</sub> induced induction in serum aminotransferases（AST,ALT）,alkaline phosphatase（ALP）,lipid profile parameters and liver malondialdehyde（MDA） and decrease in serum total protein,liver superoxide dismutase （SOD）,catalase（CAT）,and reduced glutathione（GSH） levels.132 KD protein treatment of rats post CCl<sub>4</sub> intoxication successfully alleviated the toxic effects of CCl<sub>4</sub>.Conclusions:The isolated protein possessed strong antioxidant activity comparable to that of BSA（negative control） and vitamin C（positive control）.
文摘Objective:To determine the in-vitro effect of the total alkaloid extract of Peganum(P.)harmala seeds on ram epididymal sperm.Methods:Semen was divided into six groups according to the following concentrations of the P.harmala total alkaloids:1,5,10,50,and 100μg/mL,and the control group.The samples were incubated at ambient temperature(21℃-24℃)for 24 h,and analyzed in terms of motility,membrane integrity,and oxidative status.Results:The sperm kinematic parameters,i.e.straight-line velocity,curvilinear velocity,average path velocity,were significantly higher when treated with P.harmala at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10μg/mL compared to the control group(P<0.05).In addtion,the highest amplitude of the lateral head displacement value was found in the groups treated with concentrations 1 and 5μg/mL of P.harmala compared to the control group(P<0.05).Total and progressive motilities showed that the extracts at 1,5,and 10μg/mL exhibited a high percentage after 24 h of incubation.The effect of P.harmala extracts on the membrane integrity of ram epididymal sperm was concentration-dependent and significantly different compared to the control group(P<0.05).Non-significantly lower lipid peroxidation levels were observed after 24 h of incubation of ram epididymal sperm treated with concentrations 1,5,and 10μg/mL of P.harmala extracts compared to the control group(P>0.05).Conclusions:Low concentrations(1-10μg/mL)of P.harmala extracts stimulate sperm motility,preserve membrane integrity and protect ram spermatozoa from lipid peroxidation.
文摘The use of antibiotics in humans and animals has been marked as a significant step in health due to their effectiveness in controlling and treating bacterial infections. The misuse and overuse of antibiotics have been identified as risk factors for bacterial resistance since microorganisms adapt and develop mechanisms to defend against antibiotics. According to the Centers for Disease Protection and Control (CDC), around 23,000 individuals die every year in the United States due to antibiotic resistance complications. As a result, a demand for alternative treatments has been a goal for scientists as the microbes adapt to selective pressure. The aim of this study is to test the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Peganum harmala and Haloxylon salicornicum on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on various mediums. The results of the study showed that both P. harmala and H. salicornicum inhibited the bacterial growth in two different media. The results were also compared with different common antibiotics used in both human’s and animal’s fields and showed a promising outcome as alternative antibiotics.
文摘Cancer is a worldwide disease that ranks as the second-largest cause of death after cardiovascular disease. In 2019, the estimated number of cancer deaths was around 10 million worldwide and 600,000 in the United States. Due to the high side effects of the available treatments for cancer, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, a demand for alternative treatments has been a goal for scientists with less toxicity and side effects. Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide and the leading cause of death in the United States. In addition, prostate cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death in American men after lung cancer. Natural sources discovered to have therapeutic medicinal properties against human diseases are the plants Peganum harmala and Haloxylon salicornicum. The aim of this study is to test the anticancer activity of leaf extracts of Peganum harmala and Haloxylon salicornicum on lung cancer (A549) and prostate cancer (PC3) cell lines. The anticancer activity of P. harmala and H. salicornicum was studied using the assays: crystal violet viability, lipid peroxidation, and caspase-3 techniques, which were evaluated in vitro on two human cancer cell lines. The results of the study showed that both plants’ extracts reduced the viability of both cancer cell lines, which depended on the concentration of the extract. Also, P. harmala showed more potent activity against both types of cancer than H. salicornicum. P. harmala and H. salicornicum decreased the lipid peroxidation that induces cancer as well as increased the expression of caspase-3, which causes apoptosis and cell death. This study concluded that P. harmala and H. salicornicum leaf extracts showed significant anticancer properties, which might be due to the presence of phytochemicals, including flavonoids and phenolics.
文摘This work describes the inhibition effect of different concentration of an aqueous extracted of Peganum harmala seed on the corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M H2SO4 solution using potentiostatic polarization techniques at the temperature range (298 - 328) K. The result showed that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing of extract inhibitor concentration and temperature. The adsorption of inhibitor on carbon steel surface was fit into Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters governing the corrosion and the adsorption process were calculated and discussed.
文摘The study has for objective the determination of the efficiency of the aqueous extracts from seeds of Peganum harmala L. on the mortality of the larvas of 5th stage and on the fertility of the female adults of Locusta migratoria cinerascens. For that purpose, a breeding of to custs was realized in th e conditions of labor atories. At hatching, the larvae are fed daily basis lawn Stenotaphrum americanum and a pro tein supplement of wheat b ran. The extraction of the aqueous extract of the seeds of P. harmala is done after maceration in the ethanol, under magnetic stirring using a rotavapor. To determine larval mortality L5, two modes of treatment have been made, one by contact and another by ingestion, using for both treatment 4 doses in a geometric progression, 0.03 mg/mL, 0.06 mg/mL, 0.12 mg/mL and 24 mg/mL. The results showed that the mortality for the doses of 0.12 mg/mL and 0.24 mg/mL, reaches respectively 40% and 60% on the 3rd day, as well for the treatment by contact as by ingestion. But the LD50 for ingestion treatment is lower. It is 0.19 mg/mL contrary to that of the contact treatment （0.19 mg/mL）. The larvae that survived the treatment by ingestion, have suffered morphological changes as well as physiological which consist of a deformation of the wings, delayed of the larval molt, of 6 day s, b locking the fledg ing, the change of the pigmentation as well as an extension of the preoviposition. Fertility was also affected and females lay only twice, a small number of eggs, unlike untreated females which come to lay 3 times with an average of 62.7 eggs/female at first spawning against 50 eggs for the females treated.
文摘Cancer occurs when the body’s cells grow beyond the usual control. Normal body cells multiply in a controlled manner and undergo apoptosis when the body no longer needs them. Different types of cancers exist, and the common ones include breast, cervical, prostate, lung, colon, and skin cancers. Several factors have been associated with cancers, and these factors include poor dieting, exposure to harmful chemicals and radiation, weak immune system, and genetics. Cancer presents an enormous health threat in the modern world and thus the need to identify an effective treatment. The conventional treatments used in the management of cancer include chemotherapy and physiotherapy. These forms of cancer treatments usually have enormous side effects on the subjects. In this respect, an alternative form of treatment would be effective in managing cancer patients. A substantial number of natural products have been observed to be effective in the management of cancer. These natural products include plants and other natural substances such as honey. This study focuses on the efficiency of natural products in the treatment of cancer. Also, the anticancer effects of Peganum harmala, Manuka honey, and Saudi honey will be analyzed. Bee honey and Peganum harmala have been traditionally used in the treatment of cancer. The extracts from Peganum harmala plant have also been shown to exhibit divers’ antitumor effects similar to the mode of action of a vast number of anticancer agents. These established hypotheses thus give the rationale for this study. In this experiment, extracts were obtained from Peganum harmala leaves and exposed to cervical, lung, and prostate cancer cells. Similarly, solutions of Manuka honey and Saudi honey were exposed to the cervical, lung, and prostate cancer cells. The experiment duration was 24 hours, which obtained results were recorded and analyzed. Peganum harmala extracts inhibit cancer cell growth at different and achievable concentrations. Manuka honey highly inhibits the growth of HeLa cancer cells while Saudi honey highly inhibits the growth of A549 cells. Peganum harmala can form an effective treatment for managing several types of cancers. Manuka Honey can be applied as an effective treatment for managing cervical cancer while Saudi honey can form an effective treatment for managing lung cancers.
文摘Objective:To compare the antibacterial activity and antiseptic effect of ethanol extract of Peganum harmala L.(P.harmala)seeds and Betadine on eight reference strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae,Salmonella typhimurium,Escherichia coli,Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus,Micrococcus luteus which are known to cause different types of skin infections,and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolated from an abscess on horse's neck.Methods:The antibacterial activity was assessed using a disc diffusion method.The minimum inhibitory concentration was tested by serial dilution method and the percentage of bacterial growth inhibition by absorbance microplate reader device.The minimum bactericidal concentration was then recorded.Clinical outcomes were obtained through washed up healing time of longitudinal and surface skin on the back of 16 rats with concentrations of 10,50,100,150 and 500 mg/mL of P.harmala extract.Results:The results of in vitro experiments showed that the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration(0.68-1.3 mg/mL)and minimum bactericidal concentration(1.3-5 mg/mL)values were observed in the ethanol extract of P.harmala seeds.Also the results of in vivo experiment showed that wound healing in the concentration of 50 mg/mL of this plant extract was better and quicker than Betadine.Conclusions:This study confirmed that ethanol extract of P.harmala has appropriate effect on the microorganisms and the healing of skin wounds in comparison with Betadine.
