The Error Correcting Code(ECC)is one of the most used hardening methods in Flash memory.In this study,the effect of ECC failure modes on memory error cross section has been investigated.The errors are counted in the s...The Error Correcting Code(ECC)is one of the most used hardening methods in Flash memory.In this study,the effect of ECC failure modes on memory error cross section has been investigated.The errors are counted in the situations of ECC function enabled and disabled separately after heavy ion irradiation.The results show that the upset cross section is a constant value in different ion fluences when the ECC function is disabled.With the ECC function enabled,the error cross section increases with the increase of ion fluences because the ECC failure modes lead to the increase in the number of errors.Moreover,all ECC failure modes are simulated,and their probability is calculated separately.The results help to understand the impact of ECC failure modes on Flash memory’s error cross section induced by irradiation.Some possible mitigation approaches are provided in response to this phenomenon.展开更多
Viscoelastic nanofluid flow has drawn substantial interest due to its industrial uses,including research and testing of medical devices,lubrication and tribology,drug delivery systems,and environmental remediation.Thi...Viscoelastic nanofluid flow has drawn substantial interest due to its industrial uses,including research and testing of medical devices,lubrication and tribology,drug delivery systems,and environmental remediation.This work studies nanofluid flow over a viscoelastic boundary layer,focusing on mass and heat transmission.An analysis is performed on the flow traversing a porous sheet undergoing nonlinear stretching.It assesses the consequences of viscous dissipation and thermal radiation.The scientific nanofluid framework laid out by Buongiorno has been exploited.The partial differential equations illustrating the phenomena can be transfigured into ordinary differential equations by utilizing appropriate similarity transformations.The simplified equations are unmasked using the Homotopy Analysis Method(HAM),a semi-analytical approach designed to solve nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations commonly encountered in numerous scientific and engineering disciplines.Calculations are executed to ascertain the numerical solutions related to temperature,concentration,and velocity fields,accompanied by the skin friction coefficient,local Nusselt number,and local Sherwood number.Visualizations of the results are accompanied by pertinent explanations grounded in scientific principles.The temperature distribution and corresponding thermal layer have been enhanced due to radiative and viscous dissipation characteristics.Additionally,it has been noted that a delay in fluid movement results from an improvement in the porous medium parameter and magnetic field values.A falling trend in the Nusselt number is observed as the Eckert and thermophoresis parameters increase.The current numerical results have been effectively validated against previous difficulties.展开更多
Nature fermented dry-cured hams may be contaminated by ochratoxin A(OTA)due to the colonization of OTA-producing fungi.Yeast plays essential roles in the formation of the special flavor of ham as well as the potential...Nature fermented dry-cured hams may be contaminated by ochratoxin A(OTA)due to the colonization of OTA-producing fungi.Yeast plays essential roles in the formation of the special flavor of ham as well as the potential to retard OTA biosynthesis.In this study,the yeast diversity of Panxian hams fermented from 1 year to 2 years was investigated,revealing a total of 9 yeast genera.The dominant genus switched from Debaryomyces hansenii to Yamadazyma triangularis,while the yeast diversity increased with the prolongation of the fermentation period.Notably,Yarrawia lipolitica GZPX-3Y-1 was identified as a biocontrol yeast strain that can effectively inhibit the OTA biosynthesis up to 82%in OTA-producing modeling media and 55%in ham media when cocultivated with a previously identified OTA producing fungi from Panxian ham,specifically Aspergillus niger A-8.The double-plate methods experiment unveiled that Y.lipolitica GZPX-3Y-1 can only inhibit the growth of A.niger A-8 under the anoxic conditions.Characteristics of Y.lipolitica GZPX-3Y-1 were explored,showing its ability to grow at wide range of temperature(18-33℃)and pH levels(pH 3-12).Additionally,it exhibited tolerance to high salt conditions(8%)and demonstrated lipolysis ability without hemolytic ability.These findings indicate the great potential of Y.lipolitica GZPX-3Y-1 to be applied in the fermentation of Panxian ham as a biocontrol strain.展开更多
Fault attacks have emerged as an increasingly effective approach for integrated circuit security attacks due to their short execution time and minimal data requirement.However,the lack of a unified leakage model remai...Fault attacks have emerged as an increasingly effective approach for integrated circuit security attacks due to their short execution time and minimal data requirement.However,the lack of a unified leakage model remains a critical challenge,as existing methods often rely on algorithm-specific details or prior knowledge of plaintexts and intermediate values.This paper proposes the Fault Probability Model based on Hamming Weight(FPHW)to address this.This novel statistical framework quantifies fault attacks by solely analyzing the statistical response of the target device,eliminating the need for attack algorithm details or implementation specifics.Building on this model,a Fault Injection Attack method based on Mutual Information(FPMIA)is introduced,which recovers keys by leveraging the mutual information between measured fault probability traces and simulated leakage derived from Hamming weight,reducing data requirements by at least 44%compared to the existing Mutual Information Analysis method while achieving a high correlation coefficient of 0.9403 between measured and modeled fault probabilities.Experimental validation on an AES-128 implementation via a Microcontroller Unit demonstrates that FPHW accurately captures the data dependence of fault probability and FPMIA achieves efficient key recovery with robust noise tolerance,establishing a unified and efficient framework that surpasses traditional methods in terms of generality,data efficiency,and practical applicability.展开更多
To regulate the sodium chloride content in Jinhua ham,the impact of NaCl on the activity and conformation of cathepsin B was investigated using spectroscopy and computational methods.The results showed that the activi...To regulate the sodium chloride content in Jinhua ham,the impact of NaCl on the activity and conformation of cathepsin B was investigated using spectroscopy and computational methods.The results showed that the activity of cathepsin B decreased with an increase in Na^(+)cation content and temperature.Additionally,decreasedα-helix content and increasedβ-sheet content were observed.The increase in sulfhydryl group content was attributed to the breaking of original disulfide bonds in the molecular structure or the release of embedded groups.Furthermore,the surface hydrophobicity gradually declined,which was consistent with the analysis of endogenous fluorescence spectroscopy.At the molecular level,the number of hydrogen bonds formed in NaCl-treated samples decreased,and the interactions between the hydrogen bonding were less powerful,which caused instability in the binding of the protein and substrate.The conformation of cathepsin B accurately characterized its activity,and the structural changes had a macroscopic effect on the decrease in protease activity.展开更多
In this paper,the authors examine various slip effects on themagnetic field and thermal radiative impacts on the flow,mass and heat transfer of a Jeffrey nanofluid over a 2-dimensional inclined stretching sheet by a p...In this paper,the authors examine various slip effects on themagnetic field and thermal radiative impacts on the flow,mass and heat transfer of a Jeffrey nanofluid over a 2-dimensional inclined stretching sheet by a porous media.The offered work is modelled to be in the form of a combination of coupled highly nonlinear partial differential equations in dimensional contexts.Governing equations were obtained,dimensionless parameters were defined in terms of similarity parameters,and the solutionswere obtained by the Homotopy Analysis Method(HAM).The analysis is significant as the effects of viscosity are identified and the important parameters are to be determined that could eventually control a type of flowbehaviour,especially in promoting the flowand inhibiting flowof velocity,temperature,and concentrations.The findings show that such an increase in themagnetic parameter decreases the velocity profile by approximately 15%due to more Lorentz forces,and thermal radiation increases the temperature profile by up to 25%,therefore,enhancing the rate of heat transfer.The process of Brownian motion and thermophoresis increases the depth of the thermal boundary layer by 10–20 percent and reduces in concentration profiles by 12 percent when the Brownian motion parameter increases.A velocity slip parameter lowers the velocity field by about 18 percent,and a parameter of permeability lowers the momentum of flow by another 10 percent.The HAM solutions show very high accuracy levels,having an order of convergence at level 15 and errormargins are well below 0.01 percent compared to the earlier studies.All these findings can provide profound knowledge in improving heat transmission in non-Newtonian fluid systems and can be used in biomedical engineering,thermal insulation,and industrial processes such as polymer extrusion and cooling technology.Principles of heat and mass transfer give us the crucial foundation on which to study the behavior of heat andmaterial flows in other engineering and scientific disciplines.Such principles apply to various fields of study,including the following engineering fields:mechanical,chemical,aerospace,civil,and environmental.展开更多
文摘The Error Correcting Code(ECC)is one of the most used hardening methods in Flash memory.In this study,the effect of ECC failure modes on memory error cross section has been investigated.The errors are counted in the situations of ECC function enabled and disabled separately after heavy ion irradiation.The results show that the upset cross section is a constant value in different ion fluences when the ECC function is disabled.With the ECC function enabled,the error cross section increases with the increase of ion fluences because the ECC failure modes lead to the increase in the number of errors.Moreover,all ECC failure modes are simulated,and their probability is calculated separately.The results help to understand the impact of ECC failure modes on Flash memory’s error cross section induced by irradiation.Some possible mitigation approaches are provided in response to this phenomenon.
文摘Viscoelastic nanofluid flow has drawn substantial interest due to its industrial uses,including research and testing of medical devices,lubrication and tribology,drug delivery systems,and environmental remediation.This work studies nanofluid flow over a viscoelastic boundary layer,focusing on mass and heat transmission.An analysis is performed on the flow traversing a porous sheet undergoing nonlinear stretching.It assesses the consequences of viscous dissipation and thermal radiation.The scientific nanofluid framework laid out by Buongiorno has been exploited.The partial differential equations illustrating the phenomena can be transfigured into ordinary differential equations by utilizing appropriate similarity transformations.The simplified equations are unmasked using the Homotopy Analysis Method(HAM),a semi-analytical approach designed to solve nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations commonly encountered in numerous scientific and engineering disciplines.Calculations are executed to ascertain the numerical solutions related to temperature,concentration,and velocity fields,accompanied by the skin friction coefficient,local Nusselt number,and local Sherwood number.Visualizations of the results are accompanied by pertinent explanations grounded in scientific principles.The temperature distribution and corresponding thermal layer have been enhanced due to radiative and viscous dissipation characteristics.Additionally,it has been noted that a delay in fluid movement results from an improvement in the porous medium parameter and magnetic field values.A falling trend in the Nusselt number is observed as the Eckert and thermophoresis parameters increase.The current numerical results have been effectively validated against previous difficulties.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160607)the Basic Scientific Research Program from Guizhou Science and Technology Agency(Qian Ke He Ji Chu-ZK[2021]176).
文摘Nature fermented dry-cured hams may be contaminated by ochratoxin A(OTA)due to the colonization of OTA-producing fungi.Yeast plays essential roles in the formation of the special flavor of ham as well as the potential to retard OTA biosynthesis.In this study,the yeast diversity of Panxian hams fermented from 1 year to 2 years was investigated,revealing a total of 9 yeast genera.The dominant genus switched from Debaryomyces hansenii to Yamadazyma triangularis,while the yeast diversity increased with the prolongation of the fermentation period.Notably,Yarrawia lipolitica GZPX-3Y-1 was identified as a biocontrol yeast strain that can effectively inhibit the OTA biosynthesis up to 82%in OTA-producing modeling media and 55%in ham media when cocultivated with a previously identified OTA producing fungi from Panxian ham,specifically Aspergillus niger A-8.The double-plate methods experiment unveiled that Y.lipolitica GZPX-3Y-1 can only inhibit the growth of A.niger A-8 under the anoxic conditions.Characteristics of Y.lipolitica GZPX-3Y-1 were explored,showing its ability to grow at wide range of temperature(18-33℃)and pH levels(pH 3-12).Additionally,it exhibited tolerance to high salt conditions(8%)and demonstrated lipolysis ability without hemolytic ability.These findings indicate the great potential of Y.lipolitica GZPX-3Y-1 to be applied in the fermentation of Panxian ham as a biocontrol strain.
文摘Fault attacks have emerged as an increasingly effective approach for integrated circuit security attacks due to their short execution time and minimal data requirement.However,the lack of a unified leakage model remains a critical challenge,as existing methods often rely on algorithm-specific details or prior knowledge of plaintexts and intermediate values.This paper proposes the Fault Probability Model based on Hamming Weight(FPHW)to address this.This novel statistical framework quantifies fault attacks by solely analyzing the statistical response of the target device,eliminating the need for attack algorithm details or implementation specifics.Building on this model,a Fault Injection Attack method based on Mutual Information(FPMIA)is introduced,which recovers keys by leveraging the mutual information between measured fault probability traces and simulated leakage derived from Hamming weight,reducing data requirements by at least 44%compared to the existing Mutual Information Analysis method while achieving a high correlation coefficient of 0.9403 between measured and modeled fault probabilities.Experimental validation on an AES-128 implementation via a Microcontroller Unit demonstrates that FPHW accurately captures the data dependence of fault probability and FPMIA achieves efficient key recovery with robust noise tolerance,establishing a unified and efficient framework that surpasses traditional methods in terms of generality,data efficiency,and practical applicability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972097)Jiangsu Key Research and Development Plan(Modern Agriculture)(BE2020302)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(24KJB550003)2024 Huaiyin Institute of Technology Talent Recruitment Research Startup Fund Project(Z301B24521)。
文摘To regulate the sodium chloride content in Jinhua ham,the impact of NaCl on the activity and conformation of cathepsin B was investigated using spectroscopy and computational methods.The results showed that the activity of cathepsin B decreased with an increase in Na^(+)cation content and temperature.Additionally,decreasedα-helix content and increasedβ-sheet content were observed.The increase in sulfhydryl group content was attributed to the breaking of original disulfide bonds in the molecular structure or the release of embedded groups.Furthermore,the surface hydrophobicity gradually declined,which was consistent with the analysis of endogenous fluorescence spectroscopy.At the molecular level,the number of hydrogen bonds formed in NaCl-treated samples decreased,and the interactions between the hydrogen bonding were less powerful,which caused instability in the binding of the protein and substrate.The conformation of cathepsin B accurately characterized its activity,and the structural changes had a macroscopic effect on the decrease in protease activity.
文摘In this paper,the authors examine various slip effects on themagnetic field and thermal radiative impacts on the flow,mass and heat transfer of a Jeffrey nanofluid over a 2-dimensional inclined stretching sheet by a porous media.The offered work is modelled to be in the form of a combination of coupled highly nonlinear partial differential equations in dimensional contexts.Governing equations were obtained,dimensionless parameters were defined in terms of similarity parameters,and the solutionswere obtained by the Homotopy Analysis Method(HAM).The analysis is significant as the effects of viscosity are identified and the important parameters are to be determined that could eventually control a type of flowbehaviour,especially in promoting the flowand inhibiting flowof velocity,temperature,and concentrations.The findings show that such an increase in themagnetic parameter decreases the velocity profile by approximately 15%due to more Lorentz forces,and thermal radiation increases the temperature profile by up to 25%,therefore,enhancing the rate of heat transfer.The process of Brownian motion and thermophoresis increases the depth of the thermal boundary layer by 10–20 percent and reduces in concentration profiles by 12 percent when the Brownian motion parameter increases.A velocity slip parameter lowers the velocity field by about 18 percent,and a parameter of permeability lowers the momentum of flow by another 10 percent.The HAM solutions show very high accuracy levels,having an order of convergence at level 15 and errormargins are well below 0.01 percent compared to the earlier studies.All these findings can provide profound knowledge in improving heat transmission in non-Newtonian fluid systems and can be used in biomedical engineering,thermal insulation,and industrial processes such as polymer extrusion and cooling technology.Principles of heat and mass transfer give us the crucial foundation on which to study the behavior of heat andmaterial flows in other engineering and scientific disciplines.Such principles apply to various fields of study,including the following engineering fields:mechanical,chemical,aerospace,civil,and environmental.
