New herbicide options are needed for postemergence (POST) broadleaf weed control in adzuki bean. A field study, of five experiments, was conducted over a three-year period (2014, 2015, 2016) in Ontario to evaluate the...New herbicide options are needed for postemergence (POST) broadleaf weed control in adzuki bean. A field study, of five experiments, was conducted over a three-year period (2014, 2015, 2016) in Ontario to evaluate the tolerance of adzuki bean to the POST application of acifluorfen (600 and 1200 g·ai·ha-1), fomesafen (240 and 480 g·ai·ha-1), bentazon (1080 and 2160 g·ai·ha-1), imazethapyr (100 and 200 g·ai·ha-1) and halosulfuron-methyl (75 and 150 g·ai·ha-1). Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST caused as much as 12% visible injury at the 1X rate and 20% visible injury at the 2X rate but had no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield. Bentazon caused as much as 23% visible injury at 1080 g·ai·ha-1 and 28% visible injury at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 but caused no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield at either rate, except at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 which reduced shoot dry weight 20% and height 12%. Imazethapyr caused as much as 22% visible injury at 100 g·ai·ha-1 and 34% visible injury at 200 g·ai·ha-1 but caused no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield at either rate except at 200 g·ai·ha-1 which delayed maturity slightly. Halosulfuron-methyl caused as much as 65% visible injury and reduced shoot dry weight, height and yield 64%, 41%, and 28%, respectively. This research concludes that acfluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon, imazethapyr and halosulfuron at the rates evaluated can cause the significant injury in adzuki bean.展开更多
Bentazon, applied as a tankmix, has been shown to have the potential for reducing the injury from some POST herbicides. Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 at Exeter, ON and in 2009 at Ridgetown, ON to d...Bentazon, applied as a tankmix, has been shown to have the potential for reducing the injury from some POST herbicides. Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 at Exeter, ON and in 2009 at Ridgetown, ON to determine if the addition of bentazon reduces the injury from cloransulam-methyl or halosulfuron-methyl applied POST in black, cranberry, kidney and white beans. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl reduced the level of injury 0 to 6% at 17.5 g·ai·ha–1 and 0 to 9% at 35 g·ai·ha–1 in dry bean. Bentazon added to halosulfuron-methyl reduced the level of injury as much as 4% at 35 g·ai·ha–1 and 6% at the 70 g·ai·ha–1. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl increased plant height as much as 3 cm. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl had no effect on the height of various market classes of dry bean. Bentazon added to cloran-sulam-methyl generally has no effect on seed moisture content in black and white bean but decreased seed moisture content of cranberry and kidney bean as much as 4%. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl caused no effect on seed moisture content of dry bean. Cloransulam-methyl caused a 7% to 18% reduction in dry bean yield compared to halosulfuron-methyl and 12% to 21% reduction in yield compared to bentazon. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl increased dry bean yield by 0.16 and 0.31 t·ha–1 at Exeter (2009) and Ridgetown (2009) respectively. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl had no effect on dry bean yield.展开更多
[目的]评价氯吡嘧磺隆在玉米上使用的安全性,建立其使用规范。[方法]于2009—2010年在南京和郑州两地进行了75%氯吡嘧磺隆水分散粒剂在玉米和土壤中的消解动态和最终残留试验。样品用丙酮提取,乙酸乙酯萃取净化后,用超高效液相色谱-电...[目的]评价氯吡嘧磺隆在玉米上使用的安全性,建立其使用规范。[方法]于2009—2010年在南京和郑州两地进行了75%氯吡嘧磺隆水分散粒剂在玉米和土壤中的消解动态和最终残留试验。样品用丙酮提取,乙酸乙酯萃取净化后,用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱检测,外标法定量。[结果]消解动态试验结果表明：在植株和土壤中半衰期分别为0.78~0.97、7.00~16.90 d。最终残留试验表明：75%氯吡嘧磺隆按推荐剂量（45 g a.i./hm2）和推荐剂量的1.5倍（67.5 g a.i./hm2）施药,玉米苗后3~5叶期施药1次,玉米收获期采样,检测的玉米籽粒、玉米植株及土壤中氯吡嘧磺隆的残留量均低于0.1 mg/kg。[结论]拟推荐我国氯吡嘧磺隆在玉米和玉米秸秆上的最大残留限量为0.1 mg/kg。展开更多
为明确氯吡嘧磺隆与烟嘧磺隆混用对玉米田杂草防除效果及安全性,采用田间药效试验方法对其进行了研究。研究发现:氯吡嘧磺隆(15、17.5、20、22.5、25 g a.i./hm2)与烟嘧磺隆(45、52.5 g a.i./hm2)混用对香附子、藜、铁苋菜、苘麻、马唐...为明确氯吡嘧磺隆与烟嘧磺隆混用对玉米田杂草防除效果及安全性,采用田间药效试验方法对其进行了研究。研究发现:氯吡嘧磺隆(15、17.5、20、22.5、25 g a.i./hm2)与烟嘧磺隆(45、52.5 g a.i./hm2)混用对香附子、藜、铁苋菜、苘麻、马唐均有较高的防效,总体鲜重防效大于95%,尤其对香附子鲜重防效大于97%。氯吡嘧磺隆和烟嘧磺隆混用对玉米是安全的,通过氯吡嘧磺隆与烟嘧磺隆的混用,玉米产量增产率均高于10%。本研究结果表明,氯吡嘧磺隆与烟嘧磺隆混用可有效防除香附子、藜、铁苋菜、苘麻、马唐等夏玉米田常见杂草,尤其是对香附子具有优异的防除效果,并且对玉米安全。展开更多
为明确75%氯吡嘧磺隆WDG对大棚番茄地阔叶杂草和莎草科杂草的防除效果,2011年在田间进行了药效评价试验。结果表明:75%氯吡嘧磺隆WDG 67.5～90 g a.i./hm2于大棚番茄移栽前进行土壤喷雾处理,对大棚番茄地凹头苋、铁苋菜等阔叶杂草和香...为明确75%氯吡嘧磺隆WDG对大棚番茄地阔叶杂草和莎草科杂草的防除效果,2011年在田间进行了药效评价试验。结果表明:75%氯吡嘧磺隆WDG 67.5～90 g a.i./hm2于大棚番茄移栽前进行土壤喷雾处理,对大棚番茄地凹头苋、铁苋菜等阔叶杂草和香附子等莎草科杂草具有良好的防除效果。药后20 d,75%氯吡嘧磺隆WDG67.5～90 g a.i./hm2对上述杂草总体株防效为75.16%～77.20%,药后40 d对上述杂草总体株防效和总体鲜重防效分别为74.79%～76.19%、81.68%～82.13%。该药剂对大棚番茄安全,且有不同程度的增产效果,可以在田间推广应用。展开更多
[目的]目前用于防除红薯地阔叶杂草和香附子的除草剂较少,通过试验,研究氯吡嘧磺隆对红薯地阔叶杂草和香附子的效果以及对红薯的安全性。[方法]在杂草2-4叶期,红薯3-5片叶施药1次,分4个级别进行施药。[结果]氯吡嘧磺隆应用于红薯田可以...[目的]目前用于防除红薯地阔叶杂草和香附子的除草剂较少,通过试验,研究氯吡嘧磺隆对红薯地阔叶杂草和香附子的效果以及对红薯的安全性。[方法]在杂草2-4叶期,红薯3-5片叶施药1次,分4个级别进行施药。[结果]氯吡嘧磺隆应用于红薯田可以有效防治阔叶杂草和香附子,红薯幼苗稍有发黄现象,7-10 d基本恢复,对后期生长和产量基本无影响。[结论]75%氯吡嘧磺隆水分散粒剂推荐用量为45-60 g a.i./hm^2,效果较好,对红薯比较安全。展开更多
文摘New herbicide options are needed for postemergence (POST) broadleaf weed control in adzuki bean. A field study, of five experiments, was conducted over a three-year period (2014, 2015, 2016) in Ontario to evaluate the tolerance of adzuki bean to the POST application of acifluorfen (600 and 1200 g·ai·ha-1), fomesafen (240 and 480 g·ai·ha-1), bentazon (1080 and 2160 g·ai·ha-1), imazethapyr (100 and 200 g·ai·ha-1) and halosulfuron-methyl (75 and 150 g·ai·ha-1). Acifluorfen and fomesafen applied POST caused as much as 12% visible injury at the 1X rate and 20% visible injury at the 2X rate but had no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield. Bentazon caused as much as 23% visible injury at 1080 g·ai·ha-1 and 28% visible injury at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 but caused no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield at either rate, except at 2160 g·ai·ha-1 which reduced shoot dry weight 20% and height 12%. Imazethapyr caused as much as 22% visible injury at 100 g·ai·ha-1 and 34% visible injury at 200 g·ai·ha-1 but caused no adverse effect on adzuki bean population, shoot dry weight, height, maturity or yield at either rate except at 200 g·ai·ha-1 which delayed maturity slightly. Halosulfuron-methyl caused as much as 65% visible injury and reduced shoot dry weight, height and yield 64%, 41%, and 28%, respectively. This research concludes that acfluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon, imazethapyr and halosulfuron at the rates evaluated can cause the significant injury in adzuki bean.
文摘Bentazon, applied as a tankmix, has been shown to have the potential for reducing the injury from some POST herbicides. Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 at Exeter, ON and in 2009 at Ridgetown, ON to determine if the addition of bentazon reduces the injury from cloransulam-methyl or halosulfuron-methyl applied POST in black, cranberry, kidney and white beans. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl reduced the level of injury 0 to 6% at 17.5 g·ai·ha–1 and 0 to 9% at 35 g·ai·ha–1 in dry bean. Bentazon added to halosulfuron-methyl reduced the level of injury as much as 4% at 35 g·ai·ha–1 and 6% at the 70 g·ai·ha–1. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl increased plant height as much as 3 cm. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl had no effect on the height of various market classes of dry bean. Bentazon added to cloran-sulam-methyl generally has no effect on seed moisture content in black and white bean but decreased seed moisture content of cranberry and kidney bean as much as 4%. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl caused no effect on seed moisture content of dry bean. Cloransulam-methyl caused a 7% to 18% reduction in dry bean yield compared to halosulfuron-methyl and 12% to 21% reduction in yield compared to bentazon. Bentazon added to cloransulam-methyl increased dry bean yield by 0.16 and 0.31 t·ha–1 at Exeter (2009) and Ridgetown (2009) respectively. The addition of bentazon to halosulfuron-methyl had no effect on dry bean yield.
文摘[目的]评价氯吡嘧磺隆在玉米上使用的安全性,建立其使用规范。[方法]于2009—2010年在南京和郑州两地进行了75%氯吡嘧磺隆水分散粒剂在玉米和土壤中的消解动态和最终残留试验。样品用丙酮提取,乙酸乙酯萃取净化后,用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱检测,外标法定量。[结果]消解动态试验结果表明：在植株和土壤中半衰期分别为0.78~0.97、7.00~16.90 d。最终残留试验表明：75%氯吡嘧磺隆按推荐剂量（45 g a.i./hm2）和推荐剂量的1.5倍（67.5 g a.i./hm2）施药,玉米苗后3~5叶期施药1次,玉米收获期采样,检测的玉米籽粒、玉米植株及土壤中氯吡嘧磺隆的残留量均低于0.1 mg/kg。[结论]拟推荐我国氯吡嘧磺隆在玉米和玉米秸秆上的最大残留限量为0.1 mg/kg。
文摘为明确氯吡嘧磺隆与烟嘧磺隆混用对玉米田杂草防除效果及安全性,采用田间药效试验方法对其进行了研究。研究发现:氯吡嘧磺隆(15、17.5、20、22.5、25 g a.i./hm2)与烟嘧磺隆(45、52.5 g a.i./hm2)混用对香附子、藜、铁苋菜、苘麻、马唐均有较高的防效,总体鲜重防效大于95%,尤其对香附子鲜重防效大于97%。氯吡嘧磺隆和烟嘧磺隆混用对玉米是安全的,通过氯吡嘧磺隆与烟嘧磺隆的混用,玉米产量增产率均高于10%。本研究结果表明,氯吡嘧磺隆与烟嘧磺隆混用可有效防除香附子、藜、铁苋菜、苘麻、马唐等夏玉米田常见杂草,尤其是对香附子具有优异的防除效果,并且对玉米安全。
文摘为明确75%氯吡嘧磺隆WDG对大棚番茄地阔叶杂草和莎草科杂草的防除效果,2011年在田间进行了药效评价试验。结果表明:75%氯吡嘧磺隆WDG 67.5～90 g a.i./hm2于大棚番茄移栽前进行土壤喷雾处理,对大棚番茄地凹头苋、铁苋菜等阔叶杂草和香附子等莎草科杂草具有良好的防除效果。药后20 d,75%氯吡嘧磺隆WDG67.5～90 g a.i./hm2对上述杂草总体株防效为75.16%～77.20%,药后40 d对上述杂草总体株防效和总体鲜重防效分别为74.79%～76.19%、81.68%～82.13%。该药剂对大棚番茄安全,且有不同程度的增产效果,可以在田间推广应用。
文摘[目的]目前用于防除红薯地阔叶杂草和香附子的除草剂较少,通过试验,研究氯吡嘧磺隆对红薯地阔叶杂草和香附子的效果以及对红薯的安全性。[方法]在杂草2-4叶期,红薯3-5片叶施药1次,分4个级别进行施药。[结果]氯吡嘧磺隆应用于红薯田可以有效防治阔叶杂草和香附子,红薯幼苗稍有发黄现象,7-10 d基本恢复,对后期生长和产量基本无影响。[结论]75%氯吡嘧磺隆水分散粒剂推荐用量为45-60 g a.i./hm^2,效果较好,对红薯比较安全。
