针对分布式光伏电站缺少专业监测、难以准确定位异常站点的问题,借助临近分布式光伏场站出力的相似性及相关性,提出一种基于核主成分分析-密度聚类(kernel principal component analysis-ordering points to identify the clustering st...针对分布式光伏电站缺少专业监测、难以准确定位异常站点的问题,借助临近分布式光伏场站出力的相似性及相关性,提出一种基于核主成分分析-密度聚类(kernel principal component analysis-ordering points to identify the clustering structure,KPCA-OPTICS)集群划分的分布式光伏功率异常感知方法。首先,基于光伏电站的出力数据,采用OPTICS算法对多场站进行集群划分,进而利用KPCA对聚类数据进行降维操作,以降低高维数据对OPTICS算法聚类准确性的影响。然后,以所划分的集群为目标进行异常感知处理,对集群不同天气下的出力进行等权重的加权平均,获得可以表征集群整体出力状况的出力曲线,并利用分位数回归(quantile regression,QR)拟合集群的出力区间,作为分布式光伏(distributed photovoltaic,DPV)集群的异常感知依据。最后,采用中国南方某城市分布式光伏数据集作为实际验证数据进行了仿真实验。结果表明:该方法能够有效地感知分布式光伏系统的功率异常,具有较高的检出率、精确率和较低的误报率,在实际部署中具有良好的模型扩展性。展开更多
Optical phase-gradient metasurfaces have garnered significant attention for enabling flexible light manipulation,with applications across diverse domains.In this work,we will demonstrate that the metasurfaces with pha...Optical phase-gradient metasurfaces have garnered significant attention for enabling flexible light manipulation,with applications across diverse domains.In this work,we will demonstrate that the metasurfaces with phase gradient modulation can be used to achieve illusion optics,featuring the advantages of simple geometric structure and feasible implementation compared with the well-known transformation optics method.The underlying mechanism is the anomalous diffraction law caused by the phase gradient,which provides a theoretical basis for freely manipulating the propagation path of light.By considering a specific example,we will demonstrate that the phase gradient can transform spatial coordinates in real space into illusion space,thereby converting a plane in real space into a curved surface structure in illusion space to achieve the illusion effect.This approach provides a viable alternative to transformation optics for designing illusion devices.展开更多
Cells interact with the extracellular matrix and generate traction forces,which play fundamental roles in many cytological activities,such as migration and differentiation.The quanti fication of these traction forces ...Cells interact with the extracellular matrix and generate traction forces,which play fundamental roles in many cytological activities,such as migration and differentiation.The quanti fication of these traction forces is a prerequisite for understanding the interaction and regulation between force and functions,which can be accomplished by traction force microscopy(TFM).In TFM,the forces are determined by tracking the displacement of fiducial markers through optical microscopy.The type of fiducial marker,microscopy modality,and image processing algorithms are key factors determining the final resolution of TFM.This review summarizes efforts in three aspects to enhance the performance of TFM and discusses the challenges of further development,particularly from an optical view.展开更多
Object imaging beyond the direct line of sight is significant for applications in robotic vision,remote sensing,autonomous driving,and many other areas.Reconstruction of a non-line-of-sight(NLOS)screen is a complex in...Object imaging beyond the direct line of sight is significant for applications in robotic vision,remote sensing,autonomous driving,and many other areas.Reconstruction of a non-line-of-sight(NLOS)screen is a complex inverse problem that comes with ultrafast time-resolved imager requirements and substantial computational demands to extract information from the multi-bounce scattered light.Consequently,the echo signal always suffers from serious deterioration in both intensity and shape,leading to limited resolution and image contrast.Here,we propose a concept of vectorial digitelligent optics for high-resolution NLOS imaging to cancel the wall’s scattering and refocus the light onto hidden targets for enhanced echo.In this approach,the polarization and wavefront of the laser spot are intelligently optimized via a feedback algorithm to form a near-perfect focusing pattern through a random scattering wall.By raster scanning the focusing spot across the object’s surface within the optical-memory-effect range of the wall,we obtain nearly diffraction-limited NLOS imaging with an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio.Our experimental results demonstrate a resolution of 0.40 mm at a distance of 0.35 m,reaching the diffraction limit of the system.Furthermore,we demonstrate that the proposed method is feasible for various complex NLOS scenarios.Our methods may open an avenue for active imaging,communication,and laser wireless power transfer.展开更多
The second near-infrared window(NIR-II,900-1880 nm)overcomes critical limitations of visible(360-760 nm)and NIR-I(760-900 nm)imaging—including restricted penetration depth,low signal-to-back⁃ground ratio,and tissue a...The second near-infrared window(NIR-II,900-1880 nm)overcomes critical limitations of visible(360-760 nm)and NIR-I(760-900 nm)imaging—including restricted penetration depth,low signal-to-back⁃ground ratio,and tissue autofluorescence—establishing its pivotal role for in vivo deep-tissue bioimaging.With exponential growth in NIR-II photodiagnosis and phototherapy research over the past decade,bibliometric analy⁃sis is essential to map the evolving landscape and guide strategic priorities.We systematically analyzed 2,491 NIR-II-related publications(2009-2023)from the Web of Science Core Collection,employing scientometric tools for distinct analytical purposes:(a)VOSviewer,SCImago Graphica,and Gephi for co-authorship and co-occur⁃rence network mapping;(b)the R bibliometrix package for tracking field evolution and identifying high-impact publications/journals.The search retrieved 2491 studies from 359 journals originating from 54 countries.The country with the most published articles is China.Chinese institutions drive>60%of publications,with Stanford University(USA)and Nanyang Technological University(Singapore)ranked as the top two institutions by re⁃search quality.International cooperation is becoming increasingly frequent.Fan Quli,Tang Benzhong and Dai Hongjie are the top 3 productive authors in this field.Keyword evolution identifies"photodynamic therapy"and"immunotherapy"as pivotal future directions.We summarize the most cited literatures and NIR-II imaging clini⁃cal trials.This study delineates the NIR-II research trajectory,highlighting China's leadership,intensifying glob⁃al collaboration,and interdisciplinary convergence.Future efforts should prioritize the novel NIR-II probe devel⁃opment for NIR-II imaging and clinical translation of photodynamic/immunotherapy combinational platforms.展开更多
Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy(FPM)is a high-throughput computational optical imaging technology reported in 2013.It effectively breaks through the trade-off between high-resolution imaging and wide-field imaging.In...Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy(FPM)is a high-throughput computational optical imaging technology reported in 2013.It effectively breaks through the trade-off between high-resolution imaging and wide-field imaging.In recent years,it has been found that FPM is not only a tool to break through the trade-off between field of view and spatial resolution,but also a paradigm to break through those trade-off problems,thus attracting extensive attention.Compared with previous reviews,this review does not introduce its concept,basic principles,optical system and series of applications once again,but focuses on elaborating the three major difficulties faced by FPM technology in the process from“looking good”in the laboratory to“working well”in practical applications:mismatch between numerical model and physical reality,long reconstruction time and high computing power demand,and lack of multi-modal expansion.It introduces how to achieve key technological innovations in FPM through the dual drive of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and physics,including intelligent reconstruction algorithms introducing machine learning concepts,optical-algorithm co-design,fusion of frequency domain extrapolation methods and generative adversarial networks,multi-modal imaging schemes and data fusion enhancement,etc.,gradually solving the difficulties of FPM technology.Conversely,this review deeply considers the unique value of FPM technology in potentially feeding back to the development of“AI+optics”,such as providing AI benchmark tests under physical constraints,inspirations for the balance of computing power and bandwidth in miniaturized intelligent microscopes,and photoelectric hybrid architectures.Finally,it introduces the industrialization path and frontier directions of FPM technology,pointing out that with the promotion of the dual drive of AI and physics,it will generate a large number of industrial application case,and looks forward to the possibilities of future application scenarios and expansions,for instance,body fluid biopsy and point-of-care testing at the grassroots level represent the expansion of the growth market.展开更多
Adaptive optics(AO)has significantly advanced high-resolution solar observations by mitigating atmospheric turbulence.However,traditional post-focal AO systems suffer from external configurations that introduce excess...Adaptive optics(AO)has significantly advanced high-resolution solar observations by mitigating atmospheric turbulence.However,traditional post-focal AO systems suffer from external configurations that introduce excessive optical surfaces,reduced light throughput,and instrumental polarization.To address these limitations,we propose an embedded solar adaptive optics telescope(ESAOT)that intrinsically incorporates the solar AO(SAO)subsystem within the telescope's optical train,featuring a co-designed correction chain with a single Hartmann-Shack full-wavefront sensor(HS f-WFS)and a deformable secondary mirror(DSM).The HS f-WFS uses temporal-spatial hybrid sampling technique to simultane-ously resolve tip-tilt and high-order aberrations,while the DSM performs real-time compensation through adaptive modal optimization.This unified architecture achieves symmetrical polarization suppression and high system throughput by min-imizing optical surfaces.A 600 mm ESAOT prototype incorporating a 12×12 micro-lens array HS f-WFS and 61-actuator piezoelectric DSM has been developed and successfully conducted on-sky photospheric observations.Validations in-cluding turbulence simulations,optical bench testing,and practical observations at the Lijiang observatory collectively confirm the system's capability to maintain aboutλ/10 wavefront error during active region tracking.This architectural breakthrough of the ESAOT addresses long-standing SAO integration challenges in solar astronomy and provides scala-bility analyses confirming direct applicability to the existing and future large solar observation facilities.展开更多
The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly a...The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly applicable optical trapping system based on a custom-designed 2×3 optical tweezer array,which enables the real-time interception and manipulation of circulating leukocytes in live animals.By utilizing intrinsic velocity differences between leukocytes and red blood cells,the system achieves stable trapping of individual leukocytes in vessels 15-20μm in diameter and decelerates multiple cells in vessels greater than 20μm.Notably,it also enables the optical blockage of lymphatic vessels exceeding 50μm,a previously unreported capability.This label-free,noninvasive approach operates without repeated blood draws and is compatible with diverse vessel geometries and flow dynamics.The system offers a generalizable solution for in vivo cell extraction and analysis,paving the way for high-precision single-cell technologies in biomedical research and clinical translation.展开更多
The field of subwavelength optics has opened new avenues for investigating light–matter interactions by enabling the exploration of novel phenomena at the subwavelength scale. In recent decades,advancements in fundam...The field of subwavelength optics has opened new avenues for investigating light–matter interactions by enabling the exploration of novel phenomena at the subwavelength scale. In recent decades,advancements in fundamental understanding and micro–nanotechnologies have significantly propelled the development of subwavelength optics and its practical applications.展开更多
Manufacturing-robust imaging systems leveraging computational optics hold immense potential for easing manufacturing constraints and enabling the development of cost-effective,high-quality imaging solutions.However,co...Manufacturing-robust imaging systems leveraging computational optics hold immense potential for easing manufacturing constraints and enabling the development of cost-effective,high-quality imaging solutions.However,conventional approaches,which typically rely on data-driven neural networks to correct optical aberrations caused by manufacturing errors,are constrained by the lack of effective tolerance analysis methods for quantitatively evaluating manufacturing error boundaries.This limitation is crucial for further relaxing manufacturing constraints and providing practical guidance for fabrication.We propose a physics-informed design paradigm for manufacturing-robust imaging systems with computational optics,integrating a physics-informed tolerance analysis methodology for evaluating manufacturing error boundaries and a physics-informed neural network for image reconstruction.With this approach,we achieve a manufacturing-robust imaging system based on an off-axis three-mirror freeform all-aluminum design,delivering a modulation transfer function exceeding 0.34 at the Nyquist frequency(72 lp/mm)in simulation.Notably,this system requires a manufacturing precision of only 0.5λin root mean square(RMS),representing a remarkable 25-fold relaxation compared with the conventional requirement of 0.02λin RMS.Experimental validation further confirmed that the manufacturing-robust imaging system maintains excellent performance in diverse indoor and outdoor environments.Our proposed method paves the way for achieving high-quality imaging without the necessity of high manufacturing precision,enabling practical solutions that are more cost-effective and time-efficient.展开更多
I shall deserve the Reputation of having beene ye first to lay the grounds of two Sciences,"wrote Thomas Hobbes in 1646,"this of Optiques and yt other of natural Justice."For him,optics and politics wer...I shall deserve the Reputation of having beene ye first to lay the grounds of two Sciences,"wrote Thomas Hobbes in 1646,"this of Optiques and yt other of natural Justice."For him,optics and politics were two prongs of the same effort:to naturalize humans’relations to their world and to each other.It was Descartes’Dioptrique,handed to him by Kenelm Digby in 1637,that cleared for him the path:naturalizing humans required physicalizing vision–as Kepler taught in his own optics–and removing from nature of all cognitive entities such as"species visible and intelligible."Between 1639 and 1646 Hobbes produced three professional,innovative treatises on optics founded upon"the opinion of the excellent Monsieur Des Cartes"but,finally,diverging from it in the most crucial point.For Descartes,ridding"Matter[of all]such Descriptions…as belong but to Spiritual Beings"required a spiritual,non-material entity to interpret the physical effects of the senses.Hobbes,however,insisted that the interpretation can and should be understood physically and mechanically,for"Vision is the judgement itself.展开更多
AIM:To assess the variations in photoreceptor cell packing density(PCPD)across the retina among young healthy individuals with emmetropia,low and moderate myopia.METHODS:High-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ...AIM:To assess the variations in photoreceptor cell packing density(PCPD)across the retina among young healthy individuals with emmetropia,low and moderate myopia.METHODS:High-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy(AOSLO)systems were utilized for retinal imaging with a large sampling window of 700μm×700μm.The study cohort included 14 emmetropic[spherical equivalent(SE)ranged+0.5 to-0.5 D],15 low myopic(SE ranged-0.5 to-3 D)and 21 moderate myopic(SE ranged-3 to-6 D)healthy young adults.Photoreceptors at 3°temporal,6°superior and inferior 6°were captured.Statistical analysis was then performed to obtain PCPD and cell spacing.RESULTS:The average age of participants was 22.54±2.86(ranged 20–30y)with no difference among 3 groups.At 3°temporal,the emmetropic group exhibited the highest PCPD of 15186.16±2050.54 cells/mm^(2),while the low and moderate myopic groups had PCPD of 14009.15±1073.01 and 13466.92±1121.71 cells/mm2,respectively.At 3°temporal,the emmetropic group also had the smallest cell spacing at 6.66±0.26 mm,compared to 6.85±0.26 and 6.91±0.28 mm for the low and moderate myopic groups,respectively.Compared to the emmetropic group,at 3°temporal,the myopic groups showed significantly reduced PCPD(low myopia:P=0.032;moderate myopia:P=0.001).At 6°inferior,the moderate myopic group exhibited a significant decrease in PCPD(P=0.013),while at 6°superior,there were no significant statistical differences in PCPD for the low and moderate myopic groups(P>0.05).In comparison to the emmetropic group,only the moderate myopic group showed significantly increased cell spacing at all three positions(temporal 3°:P=0.011,superior 6°:P=0.046,inferior 6°:P=0.013).Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between PCPD and axial length changes(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Reduced PCPD and increased cell spacing strongly correlated with refractive error in mild to moderate myopic eyes,especially at 6°inferior to the fovea and the decreased PCPD in the macular region of myopic patients may be associated with increased axial lengthinduced retinal stretching.展开更多
We report the SrII optical lattice clock at the National Time Service Center(NTSC).In this system,a blackbody radiation shield with movable lattice mitigates blackbody radiation shifts through active temperature contr...We report the SrII optical lattice clock at the National Time Service Center(NTSC).In this system,a blackbody radiation shield with movable lattice mitigates blackbody radiation shifts through active temperature control.A shallow optical lattice with minimal tunneling minimizes AC Stark shifts.Phase-locked counter-propagating lattice beams and conductive vacuum viewports further reduce systematic uncertainties and a novel initial-state preparation method simplifies the system.Clock transition spectra achieve a linewidth of 2.5 Hz with a 400 ms clock pulse,and self-comparison stability reaches 5.1×10^(-16)at 1 s.These advancements give this clock the potential to be a critical platform for realizing outstanding systematic uncertainties in the future.展开更多
Gastric cancer,including stomach tumors,poses significant health challenges due to late-stage diagnosis and limited early detection methods.Accurate imaging and precise tumor margin demarcation are critical for effect...Gastric cancer,including stomach tumors,poses significant health challenges due to late-stage diagnosis and limited early detection methods.Accurate imaging and precise tumor margin demarcation are critical for effective treatment planning and improved patient outcomes.Conventional imaging techniques,such as endoscopy and histopathology,provide valuable diagnostic information but cannot offer real-time assessment.We aim to explore the application of optical coherence tomography(OCT),combined with statistical and machine learning methods,for rapid tumor margin demarcation in gastrointestinal(GI)cancer tissues in exvivo.GI tumor specimens from 17 patients were imaged intraoperatively with OCT.Quantitative features were extracted from the images,and statistical and machine learning analyses were applied to distinguish tissue types.Subsequent histopathological evaluation was used as the reference standard for validation.The combination of OCT imaging and data-driven analysis enables clear differentiation between healthy,marginal and tumor tissues in near real-time.The KNN model achieved the highest classification accuracy(0.921±0.040),with SVM(0.906±0.038)and Extra Trees(0.901±0.034)also demonstrating robust performance in discriminating tissue margins.OCT findings demonstrate strong agreement with histopathology.Integrated with statistical and machine learning techniques,OCT enables rapid assessment of GI tumor margins.This approach provides quantitative objectivity and real-time feedback,closely approximating histopathological analysis and supporting improved surgical decision-making.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the agreement of axial length(AL),anterior chamber parameters,and total cornea power obtained by swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)-based and Scheimpflug-based optical biometers in myopi...AIM:To evaluate the agreement of axial length(AL),anterior chamber parameters,and total cornea power obtained by swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)-based and Scheimpflug-based optical biometers in myopic children.METHODS:AL,steep keratometry(K),flat K,posterior corneal keratometry(PK),total keratometry(TK),anterior chamber depth(ACD),horizontal corneal diameter(CD),and central corneal thickness(CCT)were obtained using IOL Master 700 and Pentacam AXL.The agreement between the devices was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC),Bland-Altman plots,and astigmatism vector analysis.RESULTS:Totally 175 myopic children(48.5%male)with a mean age of 10.29±2.14y were enrolled.The ICC and Bland-Altman plots indicated a satisfactory agreement for AL,ACD,and CCT.The mean difference in CD of-0.31±0.30 mm was considered clinically significant(>0.2 mm).Additionally,measurements of K and TK obtained from the IOL Master 700 showed good agreement.Nevertheless,there were clinically significant differences observed in PK,simulated keratometry(simK),total cornea power,and astigmatism(at least 10%of the cases with a difference of>10 degrees in meridian)between the two devices.CONCLUSION:The study findings demonstrate a significant difference in K,PK,astigmatism,and CD,indicating that the two optical biometers cannot be considered interchangeable.Therefore,it is recommended to utilize one kind device for follow-up examinations in myopic children.展开更多
Understanding the complex interplay between structured light and particles is crucial for unlocking advanced optical manipulation techniques.However,existing theories for optical force/torque are often limited to smal...Understanding the complex interplay between structured light and particles is crucial for unlocking advanced optical manipulation techniques.However,existing theories for optical force/torque are often limited to small particles within the dipole regime or specific light fields,thereby lacking universality and sometimes leading to ambiguity.To overcome these limitations,we establish a fully analytical and comprehensive framework for optical force/torque based on the Cartesian multipole expansion theory,which is applicable to arbitrary-sized bi-isotropic(chiral)spherical particles immersed in arbitrary monochromatic optical fields.Rigorous expressions are thus derived,which explicitly bridge the optical force/torque with particle-propertydependent coefficients and“force/torque source”quantities characterizing the incident light structures.Such quantities identify the ultimate physical origins of optical force/torque and are systematically classified into four categories based on their parity(P)and duality(D)symmetries.Each category interacts selectively with particles exhibiting specific P and D(a)symmetries,thus inducing distinct optical forces or torques with characteristic physical behaviors.This classification establishes the mutual symmetry-breaking criteria necessary for both particles and light beams to generate optical force/torque,offering a physics-based roadmap for engineering optical manipulations such as chirality sorting,light-driven micromotors,and beyond.展开更多
Scalability remains a major challenge in building practical fault-tolerant quantum computers.Currently,the largest number of qubits achieved across leading quantum platforms ranges from hundreds to thousands.In atom a...Scalability remains a major challenge in building practical fault-tolerant quantum computers.Currently,the largest number of qubits achieved across leading quantum platforms ranges from hundreds to thousands.In atom arrays,scalability is primarily constrained by the capacity to generate large numbers of optical tweezers,and conventional techniques using acousto-optic deflectors or spatial light modulators struggle to produce arrays much beyond∼10,000 tweezers.Moreover,these methods require additional microscope objectives to focus the light into micrometer-sized spots,which further complicates system integration and scalability.Here,we demonstrate the experimental generation of an optical tweezer array containing 280×280 spots using a metasurface,nearly an order of magnitude more than most existing systems.The metasurface leverages a large number of subwavelength phase-control pixels to engineer the wavefront of the incident light,enabling both large-scale tweezer generation and direct focusing into micron-scale spots without the need for a microscope.This result shifts the scalability bottleneck for atom arrays from the tweezer generation hardware to the available laser power.Furthermore,the array shows excellent intensity uniformity exceeding 90%,making it suitable for homogeneous single-atom loading and paving the way for trapping arrays of more than 10,000 atoms in the near future.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of ranibizumab on optic disc and macular microvascular perfusion in central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)with macular edema(ME).METHODS:Optical coherence tomography angiology(OCT...AIM:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of ranibizumab on optic disc and macular microvascular perfusion in central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)with macular edema(ME).METHODS:Optical coherence tomography angiology(OCTA)parameters,including optic disc vessel density(VD;including whole-disc VD,intra-disc VD,and peripapillary VD),superficial/deep capillary plexus(SCP/DCP)VD,and central macular thickness(CMT)were analyzed.Additional assessments included best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)via Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)chart and hemorheological profiling.CRVO patients received monthly intravitreal ranibizumab injections for three consecutive months.Pre-and post-treatment parameters were statistically compared.RESULTS:The study comprised 60 CRVO-ME patients(28 males;32 females),aged 50-78y(mean 63.3±7.6y)and 60 age-/sex-matched healthy controls.As compared with participants exhibiting normal funduscopic findings,CRVO patients demonstrated significantly elevated levels of low-shear-rate whole blood viscosity(LSR-WBV),high-shearrate whole blood viscosity(HSR-WBV),and aggregation index(AI,all P<0.05).In CRVO-affected eyes,vertical cupto-disc(C/D)ratio and optic cup volume were significantly smaller,whereas retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness was significantly greater,compared to both unaffected contralateral eyes and normal control eyes(all P<0.05).Following treatment,VD of the entire optic disc(P<0.05),intra-disc VD(P<0.05),and peripapillary VD(P<0.05)all increased significantly relative to baseline.CMT decreased significantly(P<0.05),whereas macular SCP-VD and macular DCP-VD showed non-significant slight reductions(P>0.05).At baseline,BCVA of CRVO eyes correlated with whole-disc VD(r=-0.276,P=0.033),intra-disc VD(r=-0.342,P=0.009),and peripapillary VD(r=-0.335,P=0.007),with intra-disc VD demonstrating the strongest association.Besides,BCVA improvement,after the treatment,correlated positively with whole-disc VD(r=0.342,P=0.008)and intradisc VD(r=0.396,P=0.002).CONCLUSION:Optic disc blood perfusion is more closely associated with visual acuity than macular perfusion,suggesting intra-disc VD may serve as a potential biomarker for monitoring visual acuity changes in CRVO.Multiple ranibizumab injections significantly improve optic disc perfusion but may have exerted detrimental effects on the macula.CRVO patients shows higher hemorheological parameters than those with normal fundi.Reduced vertical C/D ratio and optic cup volume may be linked to CRVO incidence,potentially acting as susceptibility factors.展开更多
Detecting biomarkers in body fluids by optical lateral flow immune assay(LFIA) technology provides rapid access to disease information for early diagnosis.LFIA is based on an antigen-antibody reaction and is rapidly b...Detecting biomarkers in body fluids by optical lateral flow immune assay(LFIA) technology provides rapid access to disease information for early diagnosis.LFIA is based on an antigen-antibody reaction and is rapidly becoming the preferred choice of physicians and patients for point-of-care testing due to its simplicity,cost-effectiveness,and rapid detection.Observing the optical signal change from the colloidal gold of the traditional LFIA strip has been widely applied for various biomarkers detection in body fluids.Despite the significant progress,rapid real-time detection of color changes in the colloidal gold by the naked eye still faces many limitations,such as large errors and the inability to quantify and accurately detect.New optical LFIA strip technology has emerged in recent years to extend its application scenarios for achieving quantitative detection such as fluorescence,afterglow,and chemiluminescence.Herein,we summarized the development of optical LFIA technology from single to hyphenated optical signals for biomarkers detection in body fluids from invasive and non-invasive sources.Moreover,the challenge and outlook of optical LFIA strip technology are highlighted to inspire the designing of next-generation diagnostic platforms.展开更多
文摘针对分布式光伏电站缺少专业监测、难以准确定位异常站点的问题,借助临近分布式光伏场站出力的相似性及相关性,提出一种基于核主成分分析-密度聚类(kernel principal component analysis-ordering points to identify the clustering structure,KPCA-OPTICS)集群划分的分布式光伏功率异常感知方法。首先,基于光伏电站的出力数据,采用OPTICS算法对多场站进行集群划分,进而利用KPCA对聚类数据进行降维操作,以降低高维数据对OPTICS算法聚类准确性的影响。然后,以所划分的集群为目标进行异常感知处理,对集群不同天气下的出力进行等权重的加权平均,获得可以表征集群整体出力状况的出力曲线,并利用分位数回归(quantile regression,QR)拟合集群的出力区间,作为分布式光伏(distributed photovoltaic,DPV)集群的异常感知依据。最后,采用中国南方某城市分布式光伏数据集作为实际验证数据进行了仿真实验。结果表明:该方法能够有效地感知分布式光伏系统的功率异常,具有较高的检出率、精确率和较低的误报率,在实际部署中具有良好的模型扩展性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12274313 and 62375234)the Gusu Leading Talent Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation and Entrepreneurship (Grant No.ZXL2024400)。
文摘Optical phase-gradient metasurfaces have garnered significant attention for enabling flexible light manipulation,with applications across diverse domains.In this work,we will demonstrate that the metasurfaces with phase gradient modulation can be used to achieve illusion optics,featuring the advantages of simple geometric structure and feasible implementation compared with the well-known transformation optics method.The underlying mechanism is the anomalous diffraction law caused by the phase gradient,which provides a theoretical basis for freely manipulating the propagation path of light.By considering a specific example,we will demonstrate that the phase gradient can transform spatial coordinates in real space into illusion space,thereby converting a plane in real space into a curved surface structure in illusion space to achieve the illusion effect.This approach provides a viable alternative to transformation optics for designing illusion devices.
基金supported by the Major Research Instrument Development Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32527801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301168)+1 种基金the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation of China(2023J351)the Yongjiang Innovative Talents Project of Ningbo City(2024A-172-G).
文摘Cells interact with the extracellular matrix and generate traction forces,which play fundamental roles in many cytological activities,such as migration and differentiation.The quanti fication of these traction forces is a prerequisite for understanding the interaction and regulation between force and functions,which can be accomplished by traction force microscopy(TFM).In TFM,the forces are determined by tracking the displacement of fiducial markers through optical microscopy.The type of fiducial marker,microscopy modality,and image processing algorithms are key factors determining the final resolution of TFM.This review summarizes efforts in three aspects to enhance the performance of TFM and discusses the challenges of further development,particularly from an optical view.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB2805800 and 2021YFA1401003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62222513).
文摘Object imaging beyond the direct line of sight is significant for applications in robotic vision,remote sensing,autonomous driving,and many other areas.Reconstruction of a non-line-of-sight(NLOS)screen is a complex inverse problem that comes with ultrafast time-resolved imager requirements and substantial computational demands to extract information from the multi-bounce scattered light.Consequently,the echo signal always suffers from serious deterioration in both intensity and shape,leading to limited resolution and image contrast.Here,we propose a concept of vectorial digitelligent optics for high-resolution NLOS imaging to cancel the wall’s scattering and refocus the light onto hidden targets for enhanced echo.In this approach,the polarization and wavefront of the laser spot are intelligently optimized via a feedback algorithm to form a near-perfect focusing pattern through a random scattering wall.By raster scanning the focusing spot across the object’s surface within the optical-memory-effect range of the wall,we obtain nearly diffraction-limited NLOS imaging with an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio.Our experimental results demonstrate a resolution of 0.40 mm at a distance of 0.35 m,reaching the diffraction limit of the system.Furthermore,we demonstrate that the proposed method is feasible for various complex NLOS scenarios.Our methods may open an avenue for active imaging,communication,and laser wireless power transfer.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81874059 and 82102105)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ22H160017)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M702825).
文摘The second near-infrared window(NIR-II,900-1880 nm)overcomes critical limitations of visible(360-760 nm)and NIR-I(760-900 nm)imaging—including restricted penetration depth,low signal-to-back⁃ground ratio,and tissue autofluorescence—establishing its pivotal role for in vivo deep-tissue bioimaging.With exponential growth in NIR-II photodiagnosis and phototherapy research over the past decade,bibliometric analy⁃sis is essential to map the evolving landscape and guide strategic priorities.We systematically analyzed 2,491 NIR-II-related publications(2009-2023)from the Web of Science Core Collection,employing scientometric tools for distinct analytical purposes:(a)VOSviewer,SCImago Graphica,and Gephi for co-authorship and co-occur⁃rence network mapping;(b)the R bibliometrix package for tracking field evolution and identifying high-impact publications/journals.The search retrieved 2491 studies from 359 journals originating from 54 countries.The country with the most published articles is China.Chinese institutions drive>60%of publications,with Stanford University(USA)and Nanyang Technological University(Singapore)ranked as the top two institutions by re⁃search quality.International cooperation is becoming increasingly frequent.Fan Quli,Tang Benzhong and Dai Hongjie are the top 3 productive authors in this field.Keyword evolution identifies"photodynamic therapy"and"immunotherapy"as pivotal future directions.We summarize the most cited literatures and NIR-II imaging clini⁃cal trials.This study delineates the NIR-II research trajectory,highlighting China's leadership,intensifying glob⁃al collaboration,and interdisciplinary convergence.Future efforts should prioritize the novel NIR-II probe devel⁃opment for NIR-II imaging and clinical translation of photodynamic/immunotherapy combinational platforms.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12574332)the Space Optoelectronic Measurement and Perception Lab.,Beijing Institute of Control Engineering(No.LabSOMP-2023-10)Major Science and Technology Innovation Program of Xianyang City(No.L2024-ZDKJ-ZDCGZH-0021)。
文摘Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy(FPM)is a high-throughput computational optical imaging technology reported in 2013.It effectively breaks through the trade-off between high-resolution imaging and wide-field imaging.In recent years,it has been found that FPM is not only a tool to break through the trade-off between field of view and spatial resolution,but also a paradigm to break through those trade-off problems,thus attracting extensive attention.Compared with previous reviews,this review does not introduce its concept,basic principles,optical system and series of applications once again,but focuses on elaborating the three major difficulties faced by FPM technology in the process from“looking good”in the laboratory to“working well”in practical applications:mismatch between numerical model and physical reality,long reconstruction time and high computing power demand,and lack of multi-modal expansion.It introduces how to achieve key technological innovations in FPM through the dual drive of Artificial Intelligence(AI)and physics,including intelligent reconstruction algorithms introducing machine learning concepts,optical-algorithm co-design,fusion of frequency domain extrapolation methods and generative adversarial networks,multi-modal imaging schemes and data fusion enhancement,etc.,gradually solving the difficulties of FPM technology.Conversely,this review deeply considers the unique value of FPM technology in potentially feeding back to the development of“AI+optics”,such as providing AI benchmark tests under physical constraints,inspirations for the balance of computing power and bandwidth in miniaturized intelligent microscopes,and photoelectric hybrid architectures.Finally,it introduces the industrialization path and frontier directions of FPM technology,pointing out that with the promotion of the dual drive of AI and physics,it will generate a large number of industrial application case,and looks forward to the possibilities of future application scenarios and expansions,for instance,body fluid biopsy and point-of-care testing at the grassroots level represent the expansion of the growth market.
基金support from the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grants No.12293031 and No.61905252)the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.12022308)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grants No.2021YFC2202200 and No.2021YFC2202204).
文摘Adaptive optics(AO)has significantly advanced high-resolution solar observations by mitigating atmospheric turbulence.However,traditional post-focal AO systems suffer from external configurations that introduce excessive optical surfaces,reduced light throughput,and instrumental polarization.To address these limitations,we propose an embedded solar adaptive optics telescope(ESAOT)that intrinsically incorporates the solar AO(SAO)subsystem within the telescope's optical train,featuring a co-designed correction chain with a single Hartmann-Shack full-wavefront sensor(HS f-WFS)and a deformable secondary mirror(DSM).The HS f-WFS uses temporal-spatial hybrid sampling technique to simultane-ously resolve tip-tilt and high-order aberrations,while the DSM performs real-time compensation through adaptive modal optimization.This unified architecture achieves symmetrical polarization suppression and high system throughput by min-imizing optical surfaces.A 600 mm ESAOT prototype incorporating a 12×12 micro-lens array HS f-WFS and 61-actuator piezoelectric DSM has been developed and successfully conducted on-sky photospheric observations.Validations in-cluding turbulence simulations,optical bench testing,and practical observations at the Lijiang observatory collectively confirm the system's capability to maintain aboutλ/10 wavefront error during active region tracking.This architectural breakthrough of the ESAOT addresses long-standing SAO integration challenges in solar astronomy and provides scala-bility analyses confirming direct applicability to the existing and future large solar observation facilities.
基金funding from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0502900)special fund for Research on the National Major Research Instruments of China(62027824)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20314)the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province in China(2022a05020028)the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province.
文摘The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly applicable optical trapping system based on a custom-designed 2×3 optical tweezer array,which enables the real-time interception and manipulation of circulating leukocytes in live animals.By utilizing intrinsic velocity differences between leukocytes and red blood cells,the system achieves stable trapping of individual leukocytes in vessels 15-20μm in diameter and decelerates multiple cells in vessels greater than 20μm.Notably,it also enables the optical blockage of lymphatic vessels exceeding 50μm,a previously unreported capability.This label-free,noninvasive approach operates without repeated blood draws and is compatible with diverse vessel geometries and flow dynamics.The system offers a generalizable solution for in vivo cell extraction and analysis,paving the way for high-precision single-cell technologies in biomedical research and clinical translation.
文摘The field of subwavelength optics has opened new avenues for investigating light–matter interactions by enabling the exploration of novel phenomena at the subwavelength scale. In recent decades,advancements in fundamental understanding and micro–nanotechnologies have significantly propelled the development of subwavelength optics and its practical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62192774,62105243,61925504,6201101335,62020106009,62192770,62192772,62105244,62305250,and 62322217)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant Nos.17JC1400800,20JC1414600,and 21JC1406100)+1 种基金the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2021SHZDZX0100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Manufacturing-robust imaging systems leveraging computational optics hold immense potential for easing manufacturing constraints and enabling the development of cost-effective,high-quality imaging solutions.However,conventional approaches,which typically rely on data-driven neural networks to correct optical aberrations caused by manufacturing errors,are constrained by the lack of effective tolerance analysis methods for quantitatively evaluating manufacturing error boundaries.This limitation is crucial for further relaxing manufacturing constraints and providing practical guidance for fabrication.We propose a physics-informed design paradigm for manufacturing-robust imaging systems with computational optics,integrating a physics-informed tolerance analysis methodology for evaluating manufacturing error boundaries and a physics-informed neural network for image reconstruction.With this approach,we achieve a manufacturing-robust imaging system based on an off-axis three-mirror freeform all-aluminum design,delivering a modulation transfer function exceeding 0.34 at the Nyquist frequency(72 lp/mm)in simulation.Notably,this system requires a manufacturing precision of only 0.5λin root mean square(RMS),representing a remarkable 25-fold relaxation compared with the conventional requirement of 0.02λin RMS.Experimental validation further confirmed that the manufacturing-robust imaging system maintains excellent performance in diverse indoor and outdoor environments.Our proposed method paves the way for achieving high-quality imaging without the necessity of high manufacturing precision,enabling practical solutions that are more cost-effective and time-efficient.
文摘I shall deserve the Reputation of having beene ye first to lay the grounds of two Sciences,"wrote Thomas Hobbes in 1646,"this of Optiques and yt other of natural Justice."For him,optics and politics were two prongs of the same effort:to naturalize humans’relations to their world and to each other.It was Descartes’Dioptrique,handed to him by Kenelm Digby in 1637,that cleared for him the path:naturalizing humans required physicalizing vision–as Kepler taught in his own optics–and removing from nature of all cognitive entities such as"species visible and intelligible."Between 1639 and 1646 Hobbes produced three professional,innovative treatises on optics founded upon"the opinion of the excellent Monsieur Des Cartes"but,finally,diverging from it in the most crucial point.For Descartes,ridding"Matter[of all]such Descriptions…as belong but to Spiritual Beings"required a spiritual,non-material entity to interpret the physical effects of the senses.Hobbes,however,insisted that the interpretation can and should be understood physically and mechanically,for"Vision is the judgement itself.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82271107).
文摘AIM:To assess the variations in photoreceptor cell packing density(PCPD)across the retina among young healthy individuals with emmetropia,low and moderate myopia.METHODS:High-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy(AOSLO)systems were utilized for retinal imaging with a large sampling window of 700μm×700μm.The study cohort included 14 emmetropic[spherical equivalent(SE)ranged+0.5 to-0.5 D],15 low myopic(SE ranged-0.5 to-3 D)and 21 moderate myopic(SE ranged-3 to-6 D)healthy young adults.Photoreceptors at 3°temporal,6°superior and inferior 6°were captured.Statistical analysis was then performed to obtain PCPD and cell spacing.RESULTS:The average age of participants was 22.54±2.86(ranged 20–30y)with no difference among 3 groups.At 3°temporal,the emmetropic group exhibited the highest PCPD of 15186.16±2050.54 cells/mm^(2),while the low and moderate myopic groups had PCPD of 14009.15±1073.01 and 13466.92±1121.71 cells/mm2,respectively.At 3°temporal,the emmetropic group also had the smallest cell spacing at 6.66±0.26 mm,compared to 6.85±0.26 and 6.91±0.28 mm for the low and moderate myopic groups,respectively.Compared to the emmetropic group,at 3°temporal,the myopic groups showed significantly reduced PCPD(low myopia:P=0.032;moderate myopia:P=0.001).At 6°inferior,the moderate myopic group exhibited a significant decrease in PCPD(P=0.013),while at 6°superior,there were no significant statistical differences in PCPD for the low and moderate myopic groups(P>0.05).In comparison to the emmetropic group,only the moderate myopic group showed significantly increased cell spacing at all three positions(temporal 3°:P=0.011,superior 6°:P=0.046,inferior 6°:P=0.013).Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between PCPD and axial length changes(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Reduced PCPD and increased cell spacing strongly correlated with refractive error in mild to moderate myopic eyes,especially at 6°inferior to the fovea and the decreased PCPD in the macular region of myopic patients may be associated with increased axial lengthinduced retinal stretching.
基金supported by the Innovation Pro-gram for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant Nos.2021ZD0300900 and 2021ZD0300902)the Strate-gic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB35010202)the Operation and Maintenance of Major Scientific and Technological In-frastructure of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2024000014).
文摘We report the SrII optical lattice clock at the National Time Service Center(NTSC).In this system,a blackbody radiation shield with movable lattice mitigates blackbody radiation shifts through active temperature control.A shallow optical lattice with minimal tunneling minimizes AC Stark shifts.Phase-locked counter-propagating lattice beams and conductive vacuum viewports further reduce systematic uncertainties and a novel initial-state preparation method simplifies the system.Clock transition spectra achieve a linewidth of 2.5 Hz with a 400 ms clock pulse,and self-comparison stability reaches 5.1×10^(-16)at 1 s.These advancements give this clock the potential to be a critical platform for realizing outstanding systematic uncertainties in the future.
基金supported by the financial support received from the Indian Council of Medical Research-Department of Health Research(ICMRDHR-CoE-5/3/8/5/2019/I-MDMS)Medical Device and Diagnostics Mission Secretariat(MDMS)and Foundation for Centre for Healthcare Entrepreneurship(CfHE).
文摘Gastric cancer,including stomach tumors,poses significant health challenges due to late-stage diagnosis and limited early detection methods.Accurate imaging and precise tumor margin demarcation are critical for effective treatment planning and improved patient outcomes.Conventional imaging techniques,such as endoscopy and histopathology,provide valuable diagnostic information but cannot offer real-time assessment.We aim to explore the application of optical coherence tomography(OCT),combined with statistical and machine learning methods,for rapid tumor margin demarcation in gastrointestinal(GI)cancer tissues in exvivo.GI tumor specimens from 17 patients were imaged intraoperatively with OCT.Quantitative features were extracted from the images,and statistical and machine learning analyses were applied to distinguish tissue types.Subsequent histopathological evaluation was used as the reference standard for validation.The combination of OCT imaging and data-driven analysis enables clear differentiation between healthy,marginal and tumor tissues in near real-time.The KNN model achieved the highest classification accuracy(0.921±0.040),with SVM(0.906±0.038)and Extra Trees(0.901±0.034)also demonstrating robust performance in discriminating tissue margins.OCT findings demonstrate strong agreement with histopathology.Integrated with statistical and machine learning techniques,OCT enables rapid assessment of GI tumor margins.This approach provides quantitative objectivity and real-time feedback,closely approximating histopathological analysis and supporting improved surgical decision-making.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong,China(No.2020A1515010829,No.2023A1515011652,No.2025A1515012389)Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(No.2025A03J4033).
文摘AIM:To evaluate the agreement of axial length(AL),anterior chamber parameters,and total cornea power obtained by swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)-based and Scheimpflug-based optical biometers in myopic children.METHODS:AL,steep keratometry(K),flat K,posterior corneal keratometry(PK),total keratometry(TK),anterior chamber depth(ACD),horizontal corneal diameter(CD),and central corneal thickness(CCT)were obtained using IOL Master 700 and Pentacam AXL.The agreement between the devices was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC),Bland-Altman plots,and astigmatism vector analysis.RESULTS:Totally 175 myopic children(48.5%male)with a mean age of 10.29±2.14y were enrolled.The ICC and Bland-Altman plots indicated a satisfactory agreement for AL,ACD,and CCT.The mean difference in CD of-0.31±0.30 mm was considered clinically significant(>0.2 mm).Additionally,measurements of K and TK obtained from the IOL Master 700 showed good agreement.Nevertheless,there were clinically significant differences observed in PK,simulated keratometry(simK),total cornea power,and astigmatism(at least 10%of the cases with a difference of>10 degrees in meridian)between the two devices.CONCLUSION:The study findings demonstrate a significant difference in K,PK,astigmatism,and CD,indicating that the two optical biometers cannot be considered interchangeable.Therefore,it is recommended to utilize one kind device for follow-up examinations in myopic children.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12204117,12564043,12174076,12074084,and 12074169)the Guangxi Science and Technology Project(Grant Nos.2023GXNSFFA026002,2024GXNSFBA010261,2021GXNSFDA196001,and AD23026117)+3 种基金the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics in Fudan University(Grant No.KF2022_15)the Guangdong Province Talent Recruitment Program(Grant No.2021QN02C103)supported by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(Grant Nos.16310422 and AoE/P-502/20)the Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(Grant No.11241018)。
文摘Understanding the complex interplay between structured light and particles is crucial for unlocking advanced optical manipulation techniques.However,existing theories for optical force/torque are often limited to small particles within the dipole regime or specific light fields,thereby lacking universality and sometimes leading to ambiguity.To overcome these limitations,we establish a fully analytical and comprehensive framework for optical force/torque based on the Cartesian multipole expansion theory,which is applicable to arbitrary-sized bi-isotropic(chiral)spherical particles immersed in arbitrary monochromatic optical fields.Rigorous expressions are thus derived,which explicitly bridge the optical force/torque with particle-propertydependent coefficients and“force/torque source”quantities characterizing the incident light structures.Such quantities identify the ultimate physical origins of optical force/torque and are systematically classified into four categories based on their parity(P)and duality(D)symmetries.Each category interacts selectively with particles exhibiting specific P and D(a)symmetries,thus inducing distinct optical forces or torques with characteristic physical behaviors.This classification establishes the mutual symmetry-breaking criteria necessary for both particles and light beams to generate optical force/torque,offering a physics-based roadmap for engineering optical manipulations such as chirality sorting,light-driven micromotors,and beyond.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.92576208)Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program+1 种基金Beijing Science and Technology Planning ProjectTsinghua University Dushi Program。
文摘Scalability remains a major challenge in building practical fault-tolerant quantum computers.Currently,the largest number of qubits achieved across leading quantum platforms ranges from hundreds to thousands.In atom arrays,scalability is primarily constrained by the capacity to generate large numbers of optical tweezers,and conventional techniques using acousto-optic deflectors or spatial light modulators struggle to produce arrays much beyond∼10,000 tweezers.Moreover,these methods require additional microscope objectives to focus the light into micrometer-sized spots,which further complicates system integration and scalability.Here,we demonstrate the experimental generation of an optical tweezer array containing 280×280 spots using a metasurface,nearly an order of magnitude more than most existing systems.The metasurface leverages a large number of subwavelength phase-control pixels to engineer the wavefront of the incident light,enabling both large-scale tweezer generation and direct focusing into micron-scale spots without the need for a microscope.This result shifts the scalability bottleneck for atom arrays from the tweezer generation hardware to the available laser power.Furthermore,the array shows excellent intensity uniformity exceeding 90%,making it suitable for homogeneous single-atom loading and paving the way for trapping arrays of more than 10,000 atoms in the near future.
基金Central High-Level Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Project of Eye Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Science(No.GSP5-83,No.GSP4-02No.GSP5-06)+1 种基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(General ProgramNo.82474582).
文摘AIM:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of ranibizumab on optic disc and macular microvascular perfusion in central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)with macular edema(ME).METHODS:Optical coherence tomography angiology(OCTA)parameters,including optic disc vessel density(VD;including whole-disc VD,intra-disc VD,and peripapillary VD),superficial/deep capillary plexus(SCP/DCP)VD,and central macular thickness(CMT)were analyzed.Additional assessments included best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)via Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)chart and hemorheological profiling.CRVO patients received monthly intravitreal ranibizumab injections for three consecutive months.Pre-and post-treatment parameters were statistically compared.RESULTS:The study comprised 60 CRVO-ME patients(28 males;32 females),aged 50-78y(mean 63.3±7.6y)and 60 age-/sex-matched healthy controls.As compared with participants exhibiting normal funduscopic findings,CRVO patients demonstrated significantly elevated levels of low-shear-rate whole blood viscosity(LSR-WBV),high-shearrate whole blood viscosity(HSR-WBV),and aggregation index(AI,all P<0.05).In CRVO-affected eyes,vertical cupto-disc(C/D)ratio and optic cup volume were significantly smaller,whereas retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness was significantly greater,compared to both unaffected contralateral eyes and normal control eyes(all P<0.05).Following treatment,VD of the entire optic disc(P<0.05),intra-disc VD(P<0.05),and peripapillary VD(P<0.05)all increased significantly relative to baseline.CMT decreased significantly(P<0.05),whereas macular SCP-VD and macular DCP-VD showed non-significant slight reductions(P>0.05).At baseline,BCVA of CRVO eyes correlated with whole-disc VD(r=-0.276,P=0.033),intra-disc VD(r=-0.342,P=0.009),and peripapillary VD(r=-0.335,P=0.007),with intra-disc VD demonstrating the strongest association.Besides,BCVA improvement,after the treatment,correlated positively with whole-disc VD(r=0.342,P=0.008)and intradisc VD(r=0.396,P=0.002).CONCLUSION:Optic disc blood perfusion is more closely associated with visual acuity than macular perfusion,suggesting intra-disc VD may serve as a potential biomarker for monitoring visual acuity changes in CRVO.Multiple ranibizumab injections significantly improve optic disc perfusion but may have exerted detrimental effects on the macula.CRVO patients shows higher hemorheological parameters than those with normal fundi.Reduced vertical C/D ratio and optic cup volume may be linked to CRVO incidence,potentially acting as susceptibility factors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22234005,22494632,22404081)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Nos.BK20222015,BK20240534)。
文摘Detecting biomarkers in body fluids by optical lateral flow immune assay(LFIA) technology provides rapid access to disease information for early diagnosis.LFIA is based on an antigen-antibody reaction and is rapidly becoming the preferred choice of physicians and patients for point-of-care testing due to its simplicity,cost-effectiveness,and rapid detection.Observing the optical signal change from the colloidal gold of the traditional LFIA strip has been widely applied for various biomarkers detection in body fluids.Despite the significant progress,rapid real-time detection of color changes in the colloidal gold by the naked eye still faces many limitations,such as large errors and the inability to quantify and accurately detect.New optical LFIA strip technology has emerged in recent years to extend its application scenarios for achieving quantitative detection such as fluorescence,afterglow,and chemiluminescence.Herein,we summarized the development of optical LFIA technology from single to hyphenated optical signals for biomarkers detection in body fluids from invasive and non-invasive sources.Moreover,the challenge and outlook of optical LFIA strip technology are highlighted to inspire the designing of next-generation diagnostic platforms.
